00:00The community
00:29The community
00:59The community
01:29The community
01:59The community
02:29The community
02:59The community
03:29Ignatius of Antioch
03:31He already makes use of and mentions the work of Matthew around the year 100
03:36The Antiochians before designating the followers of Jesus as Christians
03:42They were called the Nazarenes
03:45Likewise, an initial text of the work states that Jesus' fame reached as far as Syria
03:53The city where Matthew's work is set was a fairly large and populous Syrian city where the common language was Greek.
04:06The date of composition must be based on the fact that Matthew used the Gospel of Mark to compose his work, which, as we said at the time, must be dated around the year 70 AD.
04:23Therefore, Matthew must have written his work shortly after that date
04:29If we add to that the dispute, already restructuring itself after the Jewish War, already restructuring itself after the Jewish-Roman War, and the time that had to pass between the composition of Mark, his arrival in the community of Matthew, and the composition of the latter's work
04:50It is possible, brothers, that we date the gospel of Matthew to not long after the year 80 AD.
04:59The author
05:01Some might think that it makes no sense and there is no need to talk about the author of the work
05:08because everything seems to indicate that it was Matthew, the apostle of the Lord, who was also a tax collector
05:16However, brothers, as already mentioned, it is impossible for a direct witness to the life of Jesus to need to resort to the work of a third party
05:29who was also not an eyewitness to the life of Jesus in order to write his book
05:34Certainly, the author had a Jewish education.
05:39His original or native language was Greek
05:43and had been educated in the synagogue and in the Jewish holy scriptures
05:48But brothers, Matthew has created a work in which narrative is predominant.
05:56Mateo is above all a coherent narrator
06:00But brothers, unlike Luke, who adheres uniformly to the Q material
06:07Mateo prefers to gather similar materials, both in form and content.
06:15That's why he prefers to gather 10 miracles in one place.
06:20which we see in chapters 8 and 9
06:24Put the parables of the kingdom in one place in chapter 13
06:30And there are some against scribes and Pharisees in chapter 23
06:35As well as the distribution of the different discourses throughout the gospel
06:41Brothers, as we have seen, the first discourse is in chapters 5 through 7
06:49And the fifth discourse in chapters 23 through 25 correspond to each other.
06:56Well, both are the longest speeches in the play
07:00The second one in chapter 10 and the fourth one in chapter 18
07:06They are the shortest and also correspond to each other.
07:10And the third speech in chapter 13 is of medium length and is the center of the entire work
07:18Additionally, the author emphasizes certain themes
07:24through the repetition of keywords such as the angel of the Lord
07:30during the narration of Jesus' childhood
07:33The Christian's justice during the first discourse of chapters 5 to 7
07:40The sending or those sent, words related to apostle in chapter 10
07:47The judgment given for or against those who believe or refuse to believe in chapters 11 and 12
07:57And the Pharisees in chapter 12
08:00The crowds or masses that follow Jesus in chapter 14
08:06The themes of siblings, children, and forgiveness in chapter 18
08:12And the follow-up in chapters 8 and 9
08:17Just to give a few examples
08:20Brothers, the Greek that Matthew uses is more elevated and refined than the popular Greek used by Mark.
08:29Furthermore, Matthew's narratives are shorter and more sober.
08:35If you compare them to Marcos's
08:38In addition to this, Matthew tends to be repetitive.
08:42He resorts to a series of formulas that he likes to repeat.
08:47Matthew's Theology
08:50Matthew's theology revolves around two fundamental themes
08:57Jesus is the Christ or Messiah
09:00And the nearness of the kingdom of heaven that Jesus announces
09:05However, brothers, Matthew will know how to create the necessary links so that Jesus appears as the son of God.
09:14Emmanuel or God with us
09:17He also appears as the son of David
09:20This refers to Solomon, a wise king and also a healer and exorcist par excellence.
09:30Matthew also presents Jesus as the son of man
09:34He has the appearance of a man who suffers and endures.
09:39And another of the Lord who comes on the clouds of heaven as a divine gift
09:46But for its part, the kingdom of heaven refers to the Jewish desire
09:53That God would be present in the life and history of the people
09:58So that he might reign over it
10:01So that he would give them the peace they so longed for.
10:04And to deliver them from all their enemies.
10:08For Jesus, this kingdom is an object of desire and hope.
10:14That is why he is invoked, his arrival is requested through the prayer of the Lord's Prayer.
10:21This kingdom, brothers, demands of the faithful a lifestyle consistent with their hopes.
10:29And with the promises he expects
10:32Jesus invites us to be perfect
10:35Because Heavenly Father works perfectly
10:39But alongside the theme of the kingdom of heaven
10:43Matthew already speaks to us of a community of those who have been called.
10:47Which he calls church in parallel with the Jewish people understood as a community.
10:54Just as the Jewish people form a community of the chosen and called
11:00Through the law of Moses
11:02The church is the community of those chosen and called by Jesus.
11:08Matthew, brothers, uses a more varied range of titles that he applies to Jesus
11:15Which is to be expected if we take into account that the author seeks to establish the link of continuity and rupture
11:26Among the Jewish people as the chosen people
11:29And the Christian church as a community of the redeemed, gathered around the person of Jesus
11:36Brothers, since two fundamental themes in Matthew are those relating to the kingdom of heaven
11:45And the church are the topics we will develop in our next lesson
11:50I look forward to seeing you in our next class.
11:54May the Lord in his infinite mercy bless you
11:58Thank you!
12:00Thank you!
12:02Thank you!
12:04Thank you!
12:06Thank you!
