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00:00Siblings,
00:29Once again, welcome to our class on the Gospel of Saint Luke.
00:34Luke presents us with the scene in which Jesus is invited to eat at the house of a Pharisee.
00:41Jesus accepts the invitation, but during the meal an uninvited person arrives and is identified as a sinful woman.
00:52However, nowhere is it stated that she was a prostitute.
00:58She is simply a person who has little interest in her brother and is only concerned with herself and her personal affairs.
01:07The woman is extremely tender towards Jesus, pouring perfume on his feet, washing his feet with her tears and drying them with her hair, while kissing them.
01:25For his part, the Pharisee expects that a prophet can put a sinful woman in her place, but Jesus does not act as the Pharisee would like.
01:36Jesus offers him light with a parable: two debtors, two debts, two pardons.
01:45But one of those forgiven owed more than the other.
01:49Therefore, the gratitude of the one who receives greater forgiveness is demonstrated in an even greater love.
01:57The woman who has been tender with Jesus is showing an overflowing love that demands an overflowing forgiveness.
02:05Therefore, his love will be rewarded with the forgiveness of his many sins.
02:12The culmination of this forgiveness is salvation and peace.
02:18One of Luke's favorite themes is women, whom he presents as the disciples of Jesus.
02:26even though he doesn't use the term, probably because it didn't exist in Jesus' time, neither in Aramaic nor in Greek.
02:36But the way they are presented makes it clear that they have the same characteristics as the male disciples who follow Jesus.
02:46In this way, Jesus is reconciling, through the proclamation of the kingdom of God, men and women, whether married or single, as well as the healthy and the sick.
03:00Alongside rich and poor, because the kingdom of God is for everyone, and it can transform everyone from within their hearts.
03:10By resuming the geographical itinerary of Mark, Luke now presents us with the parable of the sower.
03:19Luke emphasizes the seed sown and how this seed could bear fruit if the soil is suitable.
03:27clarifying that when it is suitable enough, the fruit will be enormous, because the one who makes the seed bear fruit is God himself.
03:39Luke's explanation of the parable of the sower is that any attitude that demands more attention, work, or concern
03:49that listening to and putting into practice the word of God will prevent it from bearing fruit, and if there is no fruit, there is no salvation either.
04:00But the word of God that is heard and received must be shared and communicated.
04:08just as happens with a lamp placed on a candlestick that gives light to everyone who approaches.
04:14Luke now offers us another passage inherited from Mark, but with a positive connotation.
04:22Jesus' mother and brothers cannot approach him, not because they do not belong to Jesus' group of disciples,
04:31as Marcos states, but because people don't allow him to get close to him,
04:36And Jesus declares that his mother and brothers, like Mary, are those who hear the word of God,
04:45They meditate on it faithfully and put it into practice.
04:50Luke is the only evangelist who presents us with two sendings of disciples,
04:55one exclusively of the twelve and the other of seventy-two disciples.
05:00The mission of the twelve coincides with that of Jesus, since it gives him authority and power over demons,
05:09to heal diseases, proclaim the kingdom of God, and cure the sick.
05:16This indicates that the twelve have received from Jesus a commission to continue and prolong his mission,
05:23the one entrusted to her by the Father, and the mission is as important as it is urgent,
05:30that Jesus does not allow them to take anything to protect themselves, keep themselves safe, or support themselves materially.
05:39Everything will depend on the Father and the community that receives them.
05:45As the twelve return from their mission, Luke presents us with Antipas's uncertain and doubtful stance.
05:51People talk about Jesus and say many things about Him,
05:56But only those who follow him and are open to faith in Jesus can see beyond what can be seen with the naked eye.
06:06or what people claim in their emotion, enthusiasm, and fantasy.
06:12Luke does not detail how the twelve fared on their mission,
06:16He only notes that they told Jesus everything they had done,
06:22And in response, Jesus takes them to a secluded place in the town of Bethsaida.
06:28However, the people's needs lead him to preach the kingdom to them and to heal the sick,
06:35just as he had done with the twelve during his brief mission to Israel.
06:39At this point, Luke introduces the multiplication of the loaves,
06:45And it is the twelve who ask Jesus to send the people away so that they may seek not only bread,
06:52but also lodging, because they were in an unpopulated area.
06:58But Jesus asks them to be the ones who feed them.
07:02The disciples only have five loaves of bread and two fish,
07:08But the crowd numbers five thousand people.
07:13For Luke, the multiplication of the loaves is strongly linked to the Eucharist,
07:20since it uses the same terms that it will use in the institution of the Eucharist.
07:26The church not only preaches the Gospel and comforts the downcast,
07:30It also offers its members the Eucharistic bread.
07:35On the other hand, while Mark speaks of a visit to Caesarea Philippi,
07:41Luke comments that while Jesus was praying alone,
07:45He asked his disciples, "Who do people say he was?"
07:50The answers are varied, but incorrect.
07:54So he asks his disciples to say for themselves what they think of him.
07:59Peter is the one who speaks and says that he is the Christ of God,
08:05That is, the one sent by God to save his people.
08:10The episode ends with Jesus asking the disciples not to tell this to people.
08:17Luke does not include in this section Peter's refusal or Jesus' response because of the great value Luke places on the first of the apostles.
08:46Jesus then announces to his followers once again the fate that awaits them in his passion, warning them that he will be handed over to men.
08:59The use of the term "to be handed over" implies that it is the Father who places Jesus in the hands of men.
09:09But their fate does not escape her loving hands,
09:13And yet the disciples are unable to understand these words,
09:19And they are afraid to ask why they know Jesus is announcing it to them,
09:25But they prefer to ignore their destiny and possibly their own.
09:32But brothers, although they subtly understand what Jesus is implying,
09:37The disciples begin an argument about who among them is the greatest or most important.
09:46Jesus surprises them by placing a child next to him,
09:50Someone from the extreme to the group and tell them to welcome the smallest and most insignificant.
09:57It makes them greater because in receiving him they receive Jesus.
10:03and with Jesus to the Father who sent him.
10:07The ascent to Jerusalem
10:09Luke dedicates a large section to Jesus' decision to go to Jerusalem,
10:17there where the encounter with the Father awaited him,
10:20but through the cross.
10:22His itinerary takes him near a Samaritan village.
10:27But the village rejects him because he is on a pilgrimage to Jerusalem.
10:33Once again, Santiago and Juan want revenge.
10:37But Jesus knows that the openness of the pagans will come in its time.
10:43To go up to Jerusalem with such conviction
10:46It arouses piety in people who want to follow Jesus,
10:50But he makes them see that discipleship means resting only in God,
10:55that the full life that Jesus offers puts them on a level where everyone else is dead
11:03until he entered into the dynamic of Jesus,
11:06And finally, that deciding to follow Jesus does not allow for longing, regret, or abandonment.
11:16Following Jesus means giving everything without exception.
11:20The mission of the 72 disciples is similar to the sending of the 12.
11:26He sends them out in pairs to offer each other mutual help,
11:31to confirm the announcement they make and to manifest the peace that Jesus offers.
11:39Furthermore, he reminds them that all their security is at the expense of the beneficiaries of the Gospel,
11:45because every worker deserves their salary.
11:49On the other hand, those who refuse to receive his envoys,
11:54They will face a judgment befitting their closed-mindedness towards the Gospel of Jesus.
12:00When the 12 returned from the mission,
12:04Luke does not tell us what they experienced.
12:08In contrast, it is said that the 72 return full of joy,
12:15because the demons submitted to them.
12:18But Jesus tells them that true joy should come to them because their names are destined for eternal life in heaven.
12:28And giving them an example of the joy that comes from the Spirit,
12:32Jesus gives thanks to the Father because the things of the kingdom have been revealed to simple people,
12:40But they have been hidden from the wise according to the world.
12:44The love and communion between the Father and the Son guarantees that the followers of Jesus
12:51They have access to this communion of people and participate in this communion in turn.
12:59This joy is preached by Jesus to his disciples, who are able to have the vision and the joy of seeing what was foretold long ago.
13:10and that so many kings and prophets wanted to see but could not.
13:15Happiness must be fulfilled by the promises that God gave to Israel.
13:20Luke closes chapter 10 with Jesus' visit to the home of some sisters who have extended him an invitation.
13:30The sisters are Martha and Mary.
13:33We don't know if they are the same Martha and Mary, sisters of Lazarus,
13:37the dead man whom Jesus resurrected in the Gospel of John,
13:42although the features of both women in the two narratives are similar.
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