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00:00Music
00:02Music
00:03Jesus' Ministry in Galilee
00:30Welcome to another class where we dedicate all our attention to the Lucan writing
00:37and how it relates to its counterparts in Mark and Matthew.
00:43Brothers, for Luke there are no important actions performed by Jesus
00:48that are not motivated by the power of the Spirit,
00:52so that once he has overcome the temptations,
00:56He leaves the Judean desert and heads to Galilee.
01:01The synagogues mentioned by the evangelists should not be confused with buildings,
01:08but they should be identified with the Jews of the villages
01:13who meet on Saturdays to socialize, resolve difficulties, and read their sacred texts.
01:20This is what we must understand when it is said that Jesus entered the synagogue in Nazareth
01:26as was their custom on Saturdays.
01:29The community leader hands him a roll to read.
01:35And Jesus reads a text from Isaiah.
01:39Luke uses this text to present Jesus' program of actions.
01:44during his public ministry.
01:47For his part, Jesus acknowledges that he is the same Spirit promised by God in ancient times.
01:54and who guides his life from birth, the one who directs his actions and his criteria.
02:02Jesus understands his ministry and mission as the proclamation of the good news,
02:08the comfort of those who suffer,
02:10freedom for those who lack it and proclaim the year of the Lord's favor,
02:17something completely different from what was announced and foreseen by the Baptist.
02:22Jesus' statement that a promise made by God has been fulfilled in him,
02:29that same moment awakens different reactions,
02:33approval in some cases, doubt and animosity in others,
02:40mainly because the people of Nazareth believe they know everything about Jesus,
02:47which closes it off to his announcement and ministry.
02:50Jesus' mention of the great miracles God performed for foreigners
02:58The lack of trust the Jewish people have in their God causes people to become more upset.
03:06With this, the evangelist makes it clear that Jesus will not only be followed by multitudes,
03:13but at the end of his life the animosity will turn into hatred
03:19and in the end it will lead him to condemnation and to the cross.
03:25Upon arriving in Capernaum, Jesus begins his series of miracles
03:30And the first one that Luke offers is the same one that Mark presents,
03:35It is the expulsion of a demon with his word alone.
03:39The Gospels present Jesus' ministry as aimed at ending all kinds of evil,
03:48And demonic possessions are the kind of evil that requires God's intervention.
03:55In this way, Jesus begins to win over men freed from the power of the enemy.
04:00to be handed over to God, their new owner.
04:05Luke presents the healing of Peter's mother-in-law as similar to an exorcism.
04:12by using the word "conminar" (to threaten), referring to fever as if this symptom of an illness were a demon.
04:22Lucas follows Marcos, who implies that the actions performed take place on Saturday.
04:30That's why people waited until sunset so they could leave their homes and take their sick people to be healed.
04:40The urgency of Jesus' message, as well as the short time he has,
04:46This leads him to travel through villages, towns, and hamlets, spreading the good news of his message,
04:53healing the sick and casting out demons.
04:57All of this is a sign of the nearness of the reign of God, which Jesus announces and, in a certain way, brings about.
05:06Luke has departed from Mark, who offered us, as Jesus' first words,
05:13the call he made to his first four disciples.
05:16Well, the third evangelist left that passage until chapter 5,
05:23which bears a strong resemblance to the calling of Peter by the resurrected Jesus,
05:31presented by the fourth evangelist in chapter 21 of his work.
05:37The evangelist Luke says that people crowded around Jesus,
05:42to hear the word of God, because the message of Jesus is the word that God directs to men who want to listen to him.
05:53The number of people forces him to get into a boat to allow more people to approach.
06:01So he asks for help from the owner of one of the two boats on the shores of the Sea of Galilee.
06:08This boat belongs to Peter, who is returning from the lake after an unsuccessful attempt to catch fish.
06:19Jesus continues his ministry, but he is alone in his mission.
06:24So prepare the way to get helpers and ask Peter to go out to sea and try to catch fish.
06:34Pedro complains that the large crowds and the morning commotion would prevent any fish from being available for fishing.
06:44However, he listens to Jesus and manages to catch a fish, which requires the help of his companions in the other boat.
06:55And yet both boats were at risk of sinking.
06:59Simon Peter feels overwhelmed by the greatness of Jesus' presence, who has achieved for him what had been impossible for them during the work of one night.
07:15Therefore, he falls to his knees before Jesus and asks him to leave him alone, because of his sinful condition.
07:22But Jesus ignores Peter's request and invites him to follow him, but now as a fisher of men.
07:32giving him the confidence that just as he was able to obtain an abundant catch in the name of Jesus,
07:40He will win over many men and women who will be captivated by God.
07:45Now comes the miracle offered to a leper, who dares to approach a village and asks Jesus to cleanse him of leprosy.
07:56If that is what Jesus wants.
07:59Leprosy, as we have already mentioned, is not considered a disease that requires diagnosis and cure by a doctor.
08:08but a cause of impurity that can only be declared as such by a priest.
08:15Jesus heals the sick man and asks him to go and present himself to a priest to complete the purification rite.
08:24This addition concerning the priest, the purification, and the unmentioned temple, is due to the appreciation that Luke gives to the latter.
08:34Our evangelist has prepared the material on miracles following a process that gradually increases.
08:43Jesus performs miracles by driving evil away from man through exorcisms,
08:49cleansing his impurities and restoring him to holiness.
08:54But now he goes a step further by showing us him healing a broken heart, by forgiving the sins of the paralytic.
09:05A group of friends carry the stretcher on which a paralytic lies.
09:11Finding no way to get him closer to Jesus, they put him on the roof and lowered him through a hole made in the roof.
09:20Jesus' response is surprising, because he tells him that his sins are forgiven.
09:28something that Jews attribute only to God.
09:32It is true that Jesus does not claim that he is the one who forgives sins,
09:38by using what in biblical studies is called theological passive,
09:44which is a way of saying that something is done solely and exclusively by God.
09:50According to the Jewish view, a person who suffers from certain ailments, illnesses, or misfortunes,
09:58It could be due to a personal sin or the sin of the parents.
10:02So if a man is sick, it may be due to a sin he has committed.
10:09That is why Jesus tells him, before he can walk and move again, that his sins have been forgiven.
10:18An internal sign of external transformation.
10:23But in the following paragraph, Jesus declares that the Son of Man has received from God the power to forgive sins,
10:33And with that power he has healed the inside of the paralytic, and that makes him able to move again.
10:40Once Luke has introduced the Pharisees and scribes into the scene,
10:47We see how they distance themselves somewhat from Jesus and his disciples,
10:52because they accept tax collectors, sinners, among their ranks
10:57And Jesus even invites a tax collector named Levi to become his follower.
11:04Jesus does not think of these people as sinners closed off to God,
11:13but as sick people who need to be healed.
11:34Thank you.
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11:42Thank you.