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00:00Then the whole town gathered en masse in the square in front of the water gate and
00:14They told the master Ezra to bring the book of the law of Moses that the Lord had given to Israel
00:22On the first day of the seventh month, Ezra the priest brought the Book of the Law before the assembly
00:29composed of men, women, and all those who had the use of reason, from morning until night
00:37He read it at noon in the presence of all those in front of the square that is in front of the gate
00:44From the water, the whole town was attentive to the reading of the book of the law and to the announcement of the prophets that
00:54They encourage the reconstruction of the temple, joined by the support provided by two high-ranking officials of the
01:01Persian court Ezra and Neemiah Neemiah is presented as a builder who goes against the grain
01:09He has the walls of Jerusalem rebuilt; furthermore, King Artaxerxes wants to prepare Palestine
01:18against a possible Egyptian attack, so he sends Ezra to put the Jewish country in order
01:26Ezra will contribute to the definition of the Torah and make it the official Jewish law thanks to
01:34Ezra carried out the final redaction of what we know as the Pentateuch; he will give
01:41It also gives final form to the set of documents and will present us with the latest and final draft of
01:48a document that will be the center of the spiritual, social, and religious life of the new Jewish people in the
01:56In 333 BC, a young soldier named Alexander, educated by Aristotle, became the
02:05Emperor of the greatest kingdom of those times defeats the Persians and conquers Greece, his ambition
02:13It goes beyond simple military triumph, for, enamored with Greek culture, he will fight to achieve unity.
02:20cultural exchange throughout its empire through the common Greek language; this change will contribute to the creation of
02:29The Greek version of the Jewish Bible known as the Septuagint, however, the ambition of a single culture
02:38The arrival from Greece will become something more than that when the successors of Alexander the Great take power
02:45Upon the death of the emperor, although initially the Jews remained under the orders of the Ptolemies or Lagids
02:53which brings the country a period of peace, but soon they will fall into the hands of another dynasty that divided itself
03:01power once Alexander disappeared, the Seleucids, who around the years 167-164 BC, would
03:12Israel went through a truly turbulent period; it was during this time that the chronicler's work was born.
03:22The books of Ezra and Nehemiah reflect on the work of God in the history of the people.
03:28These books recount the difficulties the Jewish people faced in re-establishing themselves in the
03:36land that God had once promised to his ancestors highlights the work of Ezra, who was a convinced
03:44of the Mosaic law, therefore he dissolved mixed marriages among the people so that they would not be contaminated with
03:51the worship of pagan gods
03:53This book shows us God's faithfulness despite the reality of living amidst politics
04:03adverse times for the people Jeremiah had prophesied God's promise that they would return to the land
04:10promised after 70 years of captivity in Babylon where they were completely subjugated and kept away from
04:18Their traditions, as we know, finally allowed the Persians to dominate the Babylonian empire.
04:25that now, under the rule of King Cyrus, the people are allowed to begin their journey back to
04:32It is very likely that Ezra the priest wrote down the experiences of this journey from Jerusalem.
04:39The return, which was written around 450-444 BC, this book also describes the
04:50reconstruction of the temple in Jerusalem which was destroyed along with the city and all the
04:57Treasures found within it. Under the leadership of Ezra, the people learned faithfulness to the law.
05:05At the same time as their religious life was renewed, they could once again become the chosen people.
05:13For God's sake, to serve as an example to other nations, from the author of these narratives we highlight above all
05:22humble obedience to God, for He had prepared His heart to fulfill His will.
05:29sir and faithfully teach it to the people; therefore we also highlight the role of Ezra as a teacher
05:37For by instructing in the law of God, a new era has begun for the priesthood, the ministry of the
05:45teaching
05:45The story of the temple's reconstruction begins with King Cyrus's decree declaring God...
05:56the heavens as one who has delivered into his hands all the kingdoms of the world and who has also
06:02commissioned the reconstruction of the temple, so anyone who belongs to the Lord's people, if
06:09If he so desires, he may return to Judah to assist in these tasks. Along with this instruction, he gives orders.
06:18that these repatriated individuals also receive financial support; those who returned to Jerusalem were some
06:25seven or eight thousand men plus women and children, led by Sorobabel, the people undertake with
06:35Much encouragement for the reconstruction of the temple; however, this task would not be without numerous challenges.
06:42difficulties among them an enemy group that informs King Artaxerxes of what has been undertaken by the
06:50from Judah declaring that what they seek is the walling up of the land and rebellion, so the king orders
06:58An investigation halts the works; at this moment, the aforementioned individuals appear.
07:06The prophets Haggai and Zechariah urged the people not to abandon the reconstruction work, therefore
07:13These men set to work again. Ezra arrives in Jerusalem in the seventh year of the reign of
07:21Artaxerxes accompanied by a group of Israelites composed of Levite priests, singers, and servants
07:30of the temple with the firm purpose of studying and putting into practice the law of the Lord and teaching the
07:38Israelites, their laws and decrees, receiving for such an undertaking a letter from the king himself
07:46allowing his return to the land of Judah along with all his support already back in Jerusalem and
07:55Having reorganized the worship, Ezra was informed that among the priests and Levites there were those who
08:02along with their children had married foreign women and that therefore the people of God had
08:08fallen into the sin of mixing with people from other nations such as the Canaanites, Hittites, and Amorites
08:17Egyptians, Moabites, among others; for this reason Ezra tore his clothes and pulled out his hair and beard
08:26As a sign of grief, the priest prayed in the temple of the Lord seeking forgiveness, along with a group of
08:34Men, women, and children were crying with him. Then a man named Secanías spoke up.
08:42publicly acknowledging that they had sinned against God by marrying foreign women, therefore
08:49He proposed that these women and their children be expelled. Then Ezra stood up and made them promise.
08:58Every Israelite would fulfill such a commitment, and so it was done, now that the people were committed.
09:08and properly organized for worship is ready to receive instruction from Ezra, who else
09:14He will publicly proclaim the word of the Lord before him, and all the people will weep at this event.
09:22Ezra teaches us that obedience to God admits no exceptions, not even attachment to things and
09:31People can lead us astray from God's love, and however painful it may be, we must always...
09:38To prefer him to fidelity to God requires absolute obedience, but one that is primarily motivated by the
09:47love and our sincere desire to please
09:51Thirteen years have passed since Ezra the priest arrived in Jerusalem and began to be an example of kindness and
10:03To make the people respect the word of God, many reforms have begun, but as time has passed
10:10Over the years, many of the repatriated individuals began to practice infidelity to God again by marrying women.
10:17While pagans are at the same time, the country sees its problems with hostile neighbors gradually increasing.
10:26His people are despised by those around him; the wall had been torn down and its gates destroyed.
10:34Neemiah is a trusted cupbearer to King Artaxerxes, and when he hears all the fire, Neemiah is a trusted cupbearer to King Artaxerxes, and when he hears all the fire
10:44Upon hearing this bad news from his people, he feels such sorrow for the holy city that he asks the king for permission to go there.
10:51Judah, as governor, with the desire to restore the good reputation of his people, this
10:58It happens during the 20th year of the reign of the Persian king. Upon arriving in the city, Neemiah can verify for himself.
11:06He repeats what he had been told and sets about motivating the people to rebuild the wall that
11:14By this time it had already been in ruins for almost 130 years, so the governor carried out the distribution
11:23of the tasks in such a way that, well organized, they can be carried out as soon as possible.
11:30The work was not carried out without problems and difficulties, especially since they had to face
11:37the mockery and threats from neighboring villages who had organized to attack them, the village as
11:45It's logical to think he was afraid, but Nehemiah exhorted them not to be afraid and to remember that God was there.
11:54For their part, the hostile neighbors, seeing that they were prepared, abandoned their plans and everyone returned to
12:02After working for only 52 days, the wall had been rebuilt; the work was completed on
12:11The governor appoints some temple servants and leaders to guard the gates
12:18In Jerusalem, Neemiah's objective was not only the reconstruction of the wall but above all to see that
12:28The people will honor God with their lives; this can be achieved in conjunction with the pastoral work of
12:36Father Esdras, who feels the need for the community to develop based on the
12:43reading of the sacred books which were kept in the temple and were not found at
12:50neither the reach of the people nor did they constitute the sustenance of their faith; we are facing what will come to give foundation and
12:57Support for the Jewish religion: On one occasion, the Jews all gathered in the square around
13:05to the priest Ezra to hear the proclamation of the book of the law and attend to the teachings of
13:12This Nehemiah knows he needs the word of God to revive God's people; the people respond.
13:21to the teachings, confessing their sins and agreeing to make corrections in their lifestyle, let's read part
13:29From this passage then the entire town gathered en masse in the square in front of the gate of
13:39water, and they told Master Ezra to bring the book of the law of Moses that the Lord had given
13:46On the first day of the seventh month, Ezra the priest brought the Book of the Law to Israel as a whole assembly.
13:54composed of men, women, and all those who had the use of reason, and from morning until noon
14:03He read in the presence of all of them in front of the square that is in front of the water gate, the whole town
14:10The teacher Ezra was attentively listening to the reading of the Book of the Law. He was standing on a platform.
14:18wood built for that purpose, then Ezra opened the book in the sight of all the people, since he
14:26He could see over everyone, and when he opened it, everyone stood up. Then Ezra praised the Lord.
14:35The almighty God and all the people, with their arms raised, responded "Amen, amen," then they bowed.
14:45until their foreheads touched the ground, and they worshipped the Lord while the people remained in their place.
14:53They read aloud from the book of God's law and translated it so that it could be clearly understood.
14:59The reading, and how all the people wept upon hearing the terms of the law, both the governor Neemiah and the
15:06The teacher, the priests, Ezra, and the Levites who were explaining the law to the people told everyone not to put on
15:14They were not sad nor did they cry because that day was dedicated to the Lord their God; moreover, Ezra told them, “Go and eat.”
15:24Enjoy the best sweet wine and invite those who haven't prepared anything, because today is a day dedicated to...
15:33Do not be sad in our Lord, for the joy of the Lord is our refuge.
15:40The proclamation of the word is followed by a homily to which the people should respond with the desire to
15:50The conversion of the heart so that the people could understand the scriptures, the Levites do a
15:57explanation or translation for those who did not understand Hebrew and needed to be explained in
16:03The Aramaic people respond with weeping, which could well be a reaction and an expression of
16:11Repentance in the face of the words of the law, the leaders urge the people to embrace the word
16:20Rather, with joy in the Lord, Ezra understands that from now on the Jewish community will develop in
16:29New times are beginning around the reading, meditation, and interpretation of the sacred book, in which the
16:37The books of the law will be the norm of faith for the people of God; this event is a reason for
16:44It's a party because this day is dedicated to Llave; you shouldn't be sad or crying because of that, they give them the
16:52They were told to go, eat, drink, and have a big party because they had understood what they had been told.
17:00This method of presenting the book of the law is taught within what we can consider
17:07a true liturgical context with a customary order the assembly is convened and prepared
17:17participants to listen to it, and the law is proclaimed and explained
17:23This passage from the Old Testament teaches us that the word of God should not be ignored.
17:31Because she illuminates the life of all God's people, to set her aside and dedicate oneself only to worship.
17:40Ignoring it leads to not knowing all that God wants from his people. God made a covenant.
17:47The priests and prophets had been preaching it to their people, but they did not feel the need to read and
17:55much less meditating on the Torah taking into account the contexts, the people were only interested in
18:01Reconstructing the temple and the altar of the burnt offerings, which are material symbols, is likely to be the
18:09The people during their exile felt that God was punishing them, that He had forgotten them, and their response was
18:16They forgot God's covenant with his people; they didn't remember to return to the sacred writings.
18:23They are sad because celebrating the Lord is our strength; the main characters contributed to the enmities.
18:31to the rebirth of the people of Israel and the rebuilding of Jerusalem after the exile
18:37of Babylon, but it is not only rebuilding; the true program of reconstruction is the
18:44The word of God is about going to the root of what caused the punishment of Israel's exile and the
18:51Reconstruction of Jerusalem, its infidelity to the covenant, its sin; reconstruction is returning to
18:59God's plan is to become worthy again of His promise and His blessings by obeying His
19:07The will to remain faithful to the covenant in the light of God's word comes first: reconstruction
19:15inner life of man and then the material reconstruction of the city destroyed by the invading peoples
19:23and