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00:00In this world everything has its time, there is a moment for everything that happens, a moment to be born and
00:14A moment to die, a moment to plant, and a moment to uproot what has been planted, a moment
00:23A moment to kill and a moment to heal, a moment to destroy and a moment to build, a moment
00:33A moment for tears and a moment for laughter. Israel is aware of being a separate and distinct people.
00:44by Yahweh to be his property, and thus those chosen by him will be the custodians of his
00:51promises. This conviction pervades the entire life of God's people, however, that does not prevent them from
00:58Israel is a people with a way of thinking that is nourished by the cultural values of other peoples.
01:06Israel was subjected to slavery in Egypt and lived as foreigners in Assyria and Babylon, in addition to
01:13They had frequent contact with nations such as Edom, Arabia, and Canaan. All of this contributed to the
01:21creation of what we call wisdom literature and which therefore has many points in its origins
01:28from contact with the wisdom developed by the neighboring peoples of Israel.
01:34Initially, the people will greatly appreciate the wisdom of neighboring nations, to such a degree that
01:41His meditations will aim to illuminate the daily lives of men in each of their
01:47activities, both individual, social, and family-related. But with the passage of time, reflection
01:55Jewish wisdom will touch on central themes contained in other books such as Exodus and will develop wisdom in
02:03around the covenant, the law, and the salvation that comes from God. It will be then that wisdom will have as
02:12The object of meditation is God and his intervention in history. The experience of exile will bring forth
02:21in the Jewish people the need to take time to meditate on their situation and on their
02:28history. This will lead to the emergence of wisdom literature in some Jewish circles. The intention of
02:37This reflection and its subsequent writing down is a way of responding from one's own faith to the questions
02:45important aspects of life and daily human activity. Wisdom, therefore, is the fruit of
02:53human reflection that takes as its starting point everyday life, that is, one's own experience.
03:01The book of Jonah is located among the prophetic books, although it is more accurately described as a
03:14parable. Jonah is known as the anti-prophet because he insists on doing the exact opposite of what
03:22We see a messenger of God, faithfully conveying His message of salvation. This book is
03:31written in prose in the purest style of the best classical storytellers belonging to the culture
03:38Hebrew. Among so many prophecies against certain nations, we find this anti-prophet who, in order to carry
03:47a message of salvation to a people who in their time were a symbol of cruelty and aggression even
03:55against the very people of Israel. In Jonah's eyes, this people is not worthy of mercy.
04:03divine. However, God is the owner of everything and he cares for everyone because he is the one who has
04:13created everything. Through this salvation offered to Nineveh, this book presents us with the theme of
04:20Universal salvation offered by God without any distinction. The parable of Jonah begins when he is
04:30sent by God to preach in the city of Nineveh, the capital of the Assyrian Empire, under which it
04:37They find themselves dominated at that moment. Faced with such a request, Jonah tries to flee his mission, so he embarks on
04:45Tarshish, which he considered far from the Lord. Already on the open sea, God sent a storm that threatened
04:53with destroying the vessel. The sailors who were traveling on board, and who came from different places, threw
05:00They drew lots to see who was to blame for the situation, and Jonah was chosen. Therefore
05:08He asks them to throw him into the sea to calm the storm. They do so, and Jonah is swallowed by a whale.
05:16where it remains for three days, before God gives the animal the order to vomit it up in
05:24dry land. The Lord again urged Jonah to go to Nineveh to preach, and he finally did so.
05:32The prophet warns them that if they do not turn to God, fast, and wear sackcloth, the Lord
05:41will destroy the city within forty days. As soon as the message reached the king, he ordered that
05:48men and animals would not eat any food, and fervently invoking the name of God,
05:56They would turn from their wicked ways to see if, seeing this, the Lord would repent and spare their lives.
06:05That made God regret the catastrophe he was going to send, and he did not carry it out. That is why
06:11Jonah was extremely upset. The prophet was angered because God had shown compassion and mercy.
06:19with the oppressor people. The prophet expressed himself in these terms.
06:26Jonah was very upset by what God had done and became very angry. So he prayed to the Lord and said,
06:34Look, Lord, this is what I said would happen when I was still in my homeland. That's why
06:42I wanted to flee quickly, Tarshish, for I know that you are a tender and compassionate God, who does not get angry easily.
06:49And so great is your love that you announce a punishment and then repent. Therefore, Lord, I beg you to...
06:57Take my life. I would rather die than live. But the Lord answered him, “Does this seem right to you?”
07:05Why are you so angry? Jonah is upset with God for forgiving the oppressor, but God makes him see that he
07:15Everyone can do it, because he created everyone, thus showing the people that they must open their hearts.
07:22and to share with others the salvation that comes from God.
07:27This parable teaches us a great lesson through the attitude of Jonah, who did not want to go where
07:37The Lord sends him, nor does he want to reveal what He commands him. In this way, the prophet turns out to be the villain of the story.
07:44history, while the good guys are first the pagan sailors and then the Ninevites.
07:51Jonah must face the circumstantial adversaries, the sea and the whale.
07:57And to understand through these dangerous situations that God controls and subjects everything to His will.
08:04service. All of creation submits to his will.
08:11How then does Jonah feel in the face of such subjugation of creation and its rejection of the fulfillment of the
08:18Divine will? This story should remind us that if God allows us to be in this world, we may...
08:25coexisting with those we consider bad people. However harmful they may seem to us, everything has a
08:33reason. Which, like what happened to Jonah, may seem illogical to us. That what God asks for is a
08:41Madness. Jonah wondered, how could God possibly want the salvation of the oppressor people?
08:48And here's a question for us. How is it possible that God still wants my salvation despite all my sins?
08:58Faults? We might think so, right? But I'm not a pagan. I do believe in and respect God. But we don't need
09:08to belong to a pagan people in order to act like people without faith. On many occasions we say we believe in
09:14God, and we end up acting as if we don't believe in Him. Don't we, like Jonah, who saw the blessing, saw God and ended up acting as if we didn't believe in Him? Don't we experience the same thing as Jonah, who, seeing the blessing, saw the blessing.
09:23Why don't we consider it fair to treat those we consider evil? How can someone who is evil be treated justly?
09:31To receive good things? Jonah didn't believe the offer of salvation for Nineveh was fair. He didn't understand that
09:39As God said through the prophet Ezekiel, what He desires is not the death of the sinner, but that he be saved.
09:47convert and live. In the end, and amidst all these circumstances, Jonah turns out to be a
09:56great prophet because he recognizes, much to his dismay, that all this exclusivity of the Jewish people and that all the
10:05The punishments inflicted upon foreign nations are nothing more than fabrications of the human mind and
10:12that God's love and mercy is for all the peoples of the earth.
10:20The passage that tells us about the prophet being eaten by the whale appears as a prefiguration for the
10:27New Testament. Jesus will propose the experience of Jonah as a sign for those who listen to him.
10:35Christ is the true messenger who announces God's salvation to all men, which will be accomplished
10:42when he is laid in the earth for three days, like Jonah, who was buried in the belly of the whale.
10:50Thank you!