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This talk on psychoanalytic therapy for addiction was organized by Vidyasagar Institute of Mental Health, Neuro & Allied Sciences in collaboration with India Habitat Centre, New Delhi. It was a part of a 12-month interactive series on Indian psychoanalysis (2012 -2013) curated by the then newly established psychoanalytic therapy unit at VIMHANS, New Delhi.

The speaker is Pulkit Sharma, a well-known clinical psychologist, psychoanalytic therapist, spiritual counselor and author now based in Pondicherry, India. In this talk, Pulkit Sharma draws upon his psychoanalytic psychotherapy experiences, and vast knowledge to challenge the widespread Indian notions around addictions. He argues that addictions are a very complex phenomenon with unconscious roots dating back to early childhood. Pulkit Sharma invites everyone to look at addictions from a deeper perspective with curiosity and unwavering empathy.

Highlights of the talk:
1. Addiction as an emotional shield against pain
2. The impaired capacity to soothe oneself
3. Addictions, unmet dependency needs and narcissistic gratification
4. Unconscious rage and self-punishment
5. How to work psychoanalytically with individuals suffering from addiction

#addiction #psychoanalysis #psychologytalk #authorpulkit #pulkitsharmaclinicalpsychologist
Transcript
00:01The series is essentially about psychoanalysis which is a very specialised branch of clinical
00:09psychology which deals with the understanding of unconscious mind, that it believes that
00:16behind any simple behaviour, habit, action, thought, there is a lot of complexity and
00:23we live a large part of our lives without being really aware of many of the things inside
00:29us, but that these things and these various forces, they continue to influence us.
00:34Another very important thing in contemporary psychoanalysis is that when we speak about
00:42unconscious, so unconscious is not something which exists as a concrete object.
00:47I mean psychoanalysis really does not believe in that, that you can go into a stage and
00:52the unconscious will come out of its soul. Unconscious is more like a clay or a stone.
00:58And you have to give it some form. So unconscious in some way is like mud and through therapy,
01:10you know, in psychoanalysis we develop a language for an unconscious, we develop images for unconscious
01:15so that unconscious starts revealing itself.
01:20Okay, we will now start with today's talk which is on addictions and compulsive behaviours.
01:28So I would like to ask you all that, what do you think are most common addictions that we see?
01:38You know, from your own personal experience or like you know things that you may have seen in your family,
01:43your friends circle, you know, stuff like that.
01:49Drugs. Drugs. Okay. Okay. Okay. Yeah.
01:52Alcohol. Yeah. Smoking. Yeah.
02:05Drugs. Okay.
02:09Drugs. Yeah.
02:09Drugs. Yeah.
02:09Drugs. Yeah.
02:10Drugs. Okay.
02:12Drugs. Yeah.
02:12Drugs. Okay.
02:15Drugs. Yeah.
02:15Drugs.
02:18Drugs.
02:20So, really, the only thing it is, is it really difficult for me to start doing
02:24what do you think when you want to do?
02:25Anything else?
02:27Procrastination.
02:28Procrastination.
02:29Okay.
02:30Yeah.
02:30I mean, what all you have said, you know, using procrastination, they are related a lot
02:36to addictions and you know, just get used to it.
02:39Other people.
02:39Yeah.
02:40Other people.
02:41Yeah.
02:42Yeah.
02:42Yeah.
02:42You know, people, at times, the addictions can be improved, like, you know, substances,
02:47they can be improved, people, you know.
02:49At times, there are some people who are addicted to relationships, you know.
02:52So, when they are in one relationship that breaks, they then have to go into another
02:56relationship.
02:57They can't be single type of thing.
02:59So, addiction to people.
03:01So, a lot of things.
03:03Right.
03:04Addiction to exercise.
03:05Very.
03:06Addiction to exercise.
03:08Yeah.
03:08Yeah.
03:08Yeah.
03:09Some people who really feel, you know, very depressed and fat if they don't get to
03:14the gym for a single, you know.
03:16You know, I have a client like that whose, you know, muscles would really, like, you know,
03:21tear and sweat and stuff like that.
03:28But, yeah.
03:29Yeah.
03:29Are you sure you're walking yourself, actually?
03:31What?
03:31Walking.
03:32Yeah.
03:33I mean, see, that's what we are going to see in the real face talk.
03:37You know, any activity has a tendency of, like, you know, becoming a compulsion and then
03:44a tendency of becoming an addiction kind of thing.
03:47Right.
03:47So, we would start and I would, in fact, start with a, I would start with a short video,
03:54you know, so that, it's a very nice video made by, like, some group of students on internet
04:00addiction.
04:00It's a very simple one.
04:01It's beautiful.
04:02It, you know, it just gives you the gist of what addiction is.
04:10Can we have the lights?
04:11I'll switch it off.
04:31Hey.
04:32Hey.
04:34Hey.
04:37Hey.
04:38Hey.
04:39Hey.
04:41Hey.
07:07Yeah, so, any comments on the video, you know?
07:12Yeah, typically it is going too fast.
07:17Okay, okay, okay, that I don't have control, you know, sorry about that.
07:22These are things that normally happen to people who start getting familiarized with the internet.
07:26Right.
07:27They happen within a month or two.
07:29Right.
07:29And they can't immediately be branded as addiction phenomena.
07:33Right, right.
07:33But, of course, the rest of the thing, the rehab stuff.
07:37That is useful.
07:38People shouldn't forget all that.
07:39Right, right, right.
07:40Yeah, yeah.
07:41Yeah, see, I mean, you know, it's also that when at times, you know, you make a video, you
07:46are at your creative best, you know, so you don't really, at times, you know, the exact
07:52facts, you know, but I thought this was a very interesting video to give us just about,
07:56you know, what really addiction is kind of thing.
07:59Yeah.
07:59So, anyways, we would, you know, go with that just right away in detail with that, what
08:03an addiction is.
08:15Right.
08:16So, see, when we are talking about addictions, you know, also because, you know, we also
08:22have to understand that all of us have, like, you know, very strong attitudes towards addiction.
08:27You know, we can be pro it, we can be against it, we can be ambivalent about it, you know.
08:32So, we would, you know, in diagnosing addiction, that who is an addict, in treating an addict,
08:40and also in dealing with our own selves, if we have an addiction, it would be highly influenced
08:45by the kind of attitude and assumptions we are holding in the world's addiction.
09:04Yeah.
09:05So, we have to, you know, keep in mind that we should be coming to that, but when we are
09:11talking about addictions, you know, so some people are experimenters, I think a lot of,
09:17you know, us, you know, may have, you know, at some point in their life experimented with
09:23something, you know, that we have gone to a party or we have gone on a vacation, you know,
09:27or maybe we are, like, you know, somewhere and we see someone and we just feel like, you
09:31know, trying to, you know, eight times, you know, we have, like, you know, saying a big
09:38occasion and stuff like that, so we kind of, you know, would, like, you know, want to try
09:43something, you know, which could be addictive.
09:47Like, you know, someone here was talking about, you know, like, you know, getting addicted
09:54people.
09:55So, one of the clients whom I found was very interesting that he had, you know, he had a
10:00very strong, moralistic bent and a very stable marriage, and one finally he just decided
10:07to pack up and go to, you know, bank walk on a vacation kind of thing.
10:10And there, as a part of it, he kind of, you know, experimented with, you know, with his
10:17sexuality kind of things, you know.
10:19And when he came back, he, you know, really felt like having casual sex again and again
10:25kind of thing, you know, so much so that it almost sort of, you know, became an addiction,
10:29you know.
10:30So, yeah, but, you know, coming back to it, not all classes of behaviors and
10:37you know, like, simply the use of an addictive substance would not be called an addiction.
10:41You know, there need to be several things in place which would, you know, may qualify
10:46as an addiction.
10:47I am really not going into the medical criteria because that's where we drive talks in terms
10:52of, you know, various things.
10:53But we just, you know, look it from a very simple angle.
10:57You know, that someone gets addicted to something, you know.
11:01And addiction, as I said, would be to anything when that addictive object or substance or anything
11:08that they are using, they start using it to deal with what they are unhappy about, to deal
11:15with what they are distressed about or to deal with whatever is missing in their life, you know.
11:21So, that's the time that, you know, that they would start coming into the grip of addiction.
11:27That they would be unable to renounce this high regardless of, you know, various dangers
11:31and threats and time wastage and money wastage which may be associated with it, you know.
11:38So, that's what it is.
11:40And I'll just, you know, to illustrate this thing, I'll just read out a short, you know,
11:46tiny entry, you know, which was written by one of my patients who was in, like, you know,
11:52who was into multiple substance use, you know.
11:55So, he wrote this short tiny entry after, like, a long while in therapy.
12:00So, he wrote that, as a child, I loved my silky blanket.
12:04I took it wherever I went.
12:08I never slept without it.
12:10I grew up and blanket became smaller and smaller.
12:14Still, I refused to give it up because no one was there.
12:20I felt alone.
12:21When blanket became too small, too very small, I put to cannabis.
12:28Cannabis has been the best friend.
12:30It takes away everything.
12:33Tension, stress, anger, fear, excitement, and it puts me into a relaxed state.
12:41So, if we look at this very small tiny entry, so, you know, when I was reading it out and
12:47when you were hearing it, so, what would you, like, you know, make out from it?
12:53Any reactions to it?
12:56Yeah.
12:57Escapism.
12:58Escapism.
12:59Okay.
12:59Yeah.
13:01Parents and child, I mean, he was alone.
13:04Yeah.
13:05He was having a problem of loneliness when he was in childhood.
13:09Yeah.
13:10Your word is very relevant and we'll be coming to it when we come to the third part,
13:14how do we deal and heal with these numbers.
13:17See, actually, habit is a phenomenon that is very difficult to leave because when you remove
13:24H, a bit is left.
13:26True.
13:26When you remove A, a bit is left.
13:28When you remove B, it is left.
13:30True.
13:30True.
13:31Yeah.
13:31Yeah.
13:31So, as you said, what this person is essentially talking about, now we may have an attitude towards
13:38it that he's right, wrong, he's an escapist or not an escapist.
13:42I mean, let's really not go into it.
13:44Let's take it at the face value for the moment, you know, we have time to go into it.
13:48So, this person is essentially saying that there has been something very deep and chronic
13:55missing in his life from a very, very long time, you know, and he has been forming attachments,
14:00you know, so the first attachment was to a blanket and then the attachment was to cannabis.
14:06In between there were other attachments also, but for the same of like, you know, putting
14:10it in a very succinct form, I have edited that entire thing.
14:15So, that's what a compulsive drug use or addiction is, that when you start using it to
14:20take care of, you know, whatever is problematic inside.
Comments
Pulkit Sharma - Clinical Psychologist & Author
Creator
Addictions are not bad habits. They have strong unconscious roots.

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