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00:28Welcome to a new episode of the University of Mexico.
00:51Welcome to a new episode of the University of Mexico.
01:07The witnesses of his public life, the apostles, recounted the deeds and words of the Master from his baptism onwards.
01:18from John until the ascension.
01:22However, as time went on, Christians felt the need to know more about the life of their Lord.
01:30If we take into account that Paul affirmed that Jesus had begun to be the Lord and Son of God
01:41From the resurrection, when the Father seated Jesus at his right hand, we discover a process that advances this
01:52key moment to earlier stages.
01:56Mark has a broader understanding of Paul's statement, for in his view, Jesus began to reveal himself as Lord.
02:08Son of God and Messiah at the time of his baptism,
02:13when God proclaimed Christ's condition when he came up out of the waters of the Jordan.
02:20But brothers, this is where the theologies of Matthew and Luke come in, while Paul professes faith in the Lordship.
02:31Jesus' account begins with the resurrection, and Mark's account begins with the baptism.
02:37The other synoptic gospels will say that Jesus already showed himself as Lord, Son of God and Messiah from the
02:46moment of his birth, as revealed to Joseph in the Gospel of Matthew, and as he
02:55It was declared to Mary according to Luke's vision.
02:59Brothers, but to complete this picture, the fourth Gospel, the one we attribute to John, will tell us that even before
03:08the creation of the world, in the very bosom of God,
03:11The word already existed, and it was that word spoken by God that was the architect of all creation.
03:22Therefore, the narratives about the childhood of Jesus offered by Matthew and Luke are inscribed within this
03:31eagerness to prove
03:33that Jesus always was what the church proclaims of him: Lord, Son of God, and Messiah Savior.
03:43The infancy narrative offered by Saint Matthew belongs, therefore, to a later stratum of
03:52This work,
03:53and therefore presupposes a deeper and more developed theological reflection that required the author to use an updated hermeneutics
04:04from ancient sacred texts.
04:08Matthew's Infancy Gospel opens with the genealogy of Jesus, the Christ,
04:15followed by a narrative that is justified by a text from the Holy Scriptures.
04:23These are compliance texts.
04:27Let us recall the added value to a person in ancient times,
04:32when the dignity of an individual was taken into account, which came from his family tree.
04:41A man's honor was not based solely on his actions or on the dignity and good reputation of
04:48his family,
04:49but in the parents who had given rise to the family group to which said man belonged.
04:57But, brothers, for Matthew there can be no better roots than those founded on Abram,
05:04the father of the Jewish people,
05:06and in David, the king who acted according to God's heart and who was faithful to the divine will.
05:14But, in addition, the first word of the Gospel speaks of the origins of Jesus,
05:22But for this purpose the author uses the Greek term Genesis,
05:27which designates the first book of the Jewish Scripture.
05:32Matthew wants to present the origin of Jesus and his life as a new creation,
05:40of greater importance than that of the Old Testament.
05:45This book about the origins of Jesus, the Messiah,
05:49Its purpose is to answer the fundamental question of all evangelists.
05:56Who is Jesus?
05:59Well, brothers, the book of Genesis of Jesus proves that he is the son of David and Abram.
06:07By mentioning Abram, Matthew is thinking of the promise of blessing.
06:13that God offered to all peoples through the mediation of the patriarch.
06:18And by presenting David as the other great father of Jesus,
06:24The author is thinking about the promise God made to the king
06:29that his kingdom and his throne would be established forever.
06:35Matthew considers these two promises made to David and Abram
06:41are fully and perfectly realized in Jesus.
06:46Let us remember that these childhood passages are reflections made after the resurrection.
06:54Therefore, the evangelist sees the promises fulfilled in Jesus.
07:02Through his death, he bestowed God's blessing upon all the peoples of the earth.
07:09And when he sat down at the right hand of God in heaven,
07:13He has established forever the kingdom of David that will never end.
07:18For Matthew, Jesus is the ultimate heir to the divine throne.
07:27This contributes to Jesus being considered the Messiah or the anointed one.
07:33as a descendant of the king.
07:36However, this anointing, as Marcos already told us,
07:42It was accomplished through the Spirit that descended upon Christ at his baptism.
07:49But brothers, this Spirit, according to Matthew's vision,
07:54He was already active when, by his grace,
07:58Jesus was conceived virginally in Mary's womb.
08:03That Joseph is not the biological father of Jesus
08:07It does not prevent Jesus from having the rights and prerogatives of the Davidic dynasty.
08:15Because when Joseph married Mary
08:18and give Jesus the name the angel had given him,
08:22Jesus became the son of Joseph and the heir of David.
08:29The following narrative aims to explain how Jesus was conceived.
08:35since Matthew has made it clear that Joseph is not the biological father of the child.
08:41The author's answer makes us think of the Spirit,
08:48that at the beginning of creation fluttered over the waters.
08:52Just as God created things with his word alone and through his Spirit,
09:00Thus now this Spirit will give life in Mary's womb to Jesus,
09:06the Son of the Most High God.
09:09Let us now turn to the story about the wise men from the East who came to worship Jesus.
09:15But to understand this story, we must remember,
09:20First and foremost, the author of Matthew addressed his gospel to Jewish-Christian readers.
09:27who are in the process of assimilating members from paganism into their Christian community,
09:35According to Paul's accounts in his letters to the Galatians and Romans,
09:41as well as in the Book of Acts of the Apostles,
09:44It posed a greater difficulty than we can imagine.
09:51Matthew does not concern himself with narrating the circumstances of Jesus' birth.
09:57He takes it as a given.
09:59Jesus was born in Bethlehem of Judea.
10:02The belief of the early Christian community about the birth of Jesus in Bethlehem is firm.
10:10The evangelist adds that this event occurred in the time of King Herod.
10:18And as we know, Herod the Great reigned over the entire region of Palestine from 37 AD to 4 BC
10:28.C.
10:30Historians place the birth of Jesus between 7 and 6 BC.
10:38because they take into account that the birth took place while Herod was still alive.
10:45Furthermore, in order for the persecution of Jesus and the death of the innocent children two years old and under to occur,
10:54It is necessary that Jesus was born at least two years before the death of the Idumean monarch.
11:04Matthew is more interested in highlighting the significance of the events
11:10than to recount them in their precise details.
11:14This is crucial if we consider that Matthew is using biblical typology.
11:22to introduce us to the life of Jesus.
11:25And this is evident when considering the life of Jesus, who is at risk of dying at the hands of Herod.
11:32in parallel with the life of Moses,
11:36who risks dying at the hands of the pharaoh who annihilates Hebrew children
11:43to prevent the population from multiplying dangerously.
11:48For the second time, the angel of the Lord appeared to Joseph in a dream,
11:55who will give him some instructions,
11:59just as he did to prevent Joseph from abandoning Mary when he learned of her pregnancy.
12:06In the Old Testament, sleep was presented as a very opportune moment for direct revelations from God.
12:16In Bethel, Jacob dreamed of the ladder that connected the world to heaven.
12:24But the quintessential character who guides his life through divine dreams,
12:32His name is Joseph, Jacob's favorite son.
12:35Thus, Joseph is the model upon which Matthew presents the life of Joseph,
12:42Mary's husband and Jesus' father.
12:47Brothers, Matthew wants to discreetly introduce Joseph, Mary's husband,
12:54as a new patriarch open to divine communication during sleep.
13:00Once awake, Joseph fulfills the word given by the angel.
13:06This is the most important thing: to obey or do God's will.
13:12The following data, although not entirely historical,
13:17They may have some notes of historicity given Herod's tendency,
13:23especially towards the end of his life, seeing competitors for his throne in almost everyone he met
13:32surrounded.
13:32So, at least, the death of the innocents brings Jesus back to us.
13:39like the new Moses who lives by divine grace and to fully accomplish God's will.
13:47Regarding the episode of the return from Egypt,
13:52Matthew sees in the Holy Family an image of the Israelites who came down to that country
13:58to escape the famine that was experienced at that time.
14:04Israel settled in Egypt and lived there until it became a great nation.
14:11But the Egyptians subjected the people to hard labor and slavery.
14:17They were only able to go free thanks to God's intervention through Moses.
14:24Upon leaving Egypt, God led his people to the promised land,
14:30And the event was carried out by Joshua, the servant and disciple of Moses.
14:37Matthew's theology again links Jesus with Moses and Joshua,
14:43since Moses led the Jewish people out of Egypt,
14:47and Joshua brings him into the land that God promised to Abraham.
14:53And as we already know, the name Jesus is another way of writing the name Joshua.
14:59Thus Matthew presents Jesus to us as the new Joshua
15:04who brings the holy people into the land of Israel,
15:09represented on this occasion by Mary and Joseph.
15:37Thanks for watching the video!