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مسلسل Prehistoric Planet مترجم - Episode 1
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00:16Transcription by ESO. Translation by —
00:16Surely, one of the most remarkable animals that have ever existed,
00:21and certainly one of the most famous, is a dinosaur.
00:27Tyrannosaurus rex.
00:30An animal to spark the imagination for all of us.
00:35What kind of an animal was it?
00:38What did it look like?
00:40How did it live?
00:41Now, scientific research has answered such questions,
00:45and not just about T-Rex, but the other species that lived alongside it.
00:51And the latest imaging technology enables us to bring them all to life.
01:01Planet Earth, 66 million years ago.
01:13The skies are filled with flying giants.
01:19In the seas, monstrous reptiles patrol the depths.
01:25And on land, dinosaurs of every kind, all facing the struggle to survive.
01:38We now know so much about a world that was ruled by the dinosaurs.
01:49This is their story.
02:08The southern shores of the Great Inland Sea that splits North America.
02:22And the tracks of the land's top predator.
02:31A Tyrannosaurus rex taking a swim.
02:39Hollow, air-filled bones and pathal hind limbs make T-Rex very effective swimmers.
02:52This is an adult male.
02:56With his young family.
03:01His offspring are now just old enough to follow him on a journey
03:06to one of the many offshore islands that fringe this coast.
03:34It's a short enough crossing, but it can still be a dangerous one.
03:43A Mosasaur, a giant marine lizard over twice the size of a Tyrannosaur and weighing over 50 tons.
04:02It's the largest predator on the planet.
04:13Turtles are normally on a Mosasaur's menu.
04:19But this brood would make a welcome snack.
04:33An adult T-Rex, even in water, could still defend itself very effectively.
04:43But the young must stay close.
04:50Turtles are normal since he goes on the list vakkitz is gone now.
04:54Walter!
05:00They are not where they are.
05:00There are massive predators to depart Wal резk짓.
05:01Star Trekkins have known as we want to defend the other animals Beyond this planet.
05:02At any height, Angie Keahman warns you to grow out.
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05:07Lamar from top of the Archdio, and Chloe Mad live,
05:08They mostly rallies and barrel become buildings on their ship together.
05:09Temperate Ze statistic her and avenge from the planets to fully
05:30Tyrannosaurus rex
05:31Tyrannosaurus rex often lose at least two-thirds of their original brood of 15 or so in the first year.
05:45Now, there are only four.
05:57The island offers safety and the promise of food.
06:02Giant two-toned turtles are here to nest.
06:09But this is the one that has drawn him here.
06:17It's dead, and the tyrannosaur has smelt its rotting body.
06:32If he can just get to the underbelly, he will have over 2,000 pounds of easy meat.
06:54T-Rex has the most powerful jaws in nature and can bite with the force of over 5 tons.
07:06The young are keen for a taste, but he's not sharing it.
07:12It's time for them to learn to hunt for themselves.
07:17The beach, however, doesn't look very promising.
07:27But as the evening approaches, things start to change.
07:38Baby turtles are beginning to hatch from the sand and rush down to the sea.
07:55The young T-Rex have been brought to an ideal training ground.
08:06Hatchling turtles are the perfect size for a novice to tackle.
08:18It pays for any hunter to be inquisitive.
08:23It pays for any hunter to be inquisitive.
08:40There's a lot to learn.
08:42There's a lot to learn.
08:55And there's enough food here to satisfy both parent and young.
09:09And if all else fails, you can always steal supper from someone else.
09:35Across the globe, these shallow coastal seas cover an area of 25 million square miles,
09:42far more than even the largest continent.
09:47That, combined with the richness of the waters,
09:51makes them very important habitat.
09:59Wherever land meets sea,
10:02nutrients rise from the deep,
10:04fueling an abundance of life.
10:09It's especially rich here in the North Atlantic,
10:12where huge shoals of fish come close to the shore.
10:26One kind of animal thrives in such places
10:29and forms immense colonies.
10:37Flying reptiles, pterosaurs.
10:41Here, on the beaches of North Africa,
10:44there are seven different species of them.
10:48They come here to feed, to rest, and to raise their young.
10:56Tethy Draco are well adapted to spend time on the ground,
11:00and not only make their nests here,
11:02but stay to protect their brood.
11:09And their young certainly need protection.
11:17The dagger beak of Phosphatodraco.
11:27A nine-foot-tall predator that stalks through these colonies,
11:32looking for the chance to snatch an unguarded hatchling.
11:41But some types of pterosaurs are less well adapted to life on land.
11:45They have a slightly different nesting strategy.
11:52They make their nests where they will attract less attention from predators.
11:58Isolated cliffs like this are ideal.
12:03Pterosaur eggs are leathery and can easily dry out,
12:07so they need to be covered.
12:11Beneath this pile of seaweed, something is stirring.
12:21A tiny Alcyone hatchling, just a few inches high,
12:26and weighing less than two ounces.
12:33Their mothers left the eggs here about two months ago.
12:51Calling to each other synchronises hatching.
12:55There is safety in numbers.
13:02Their first instinct is to climb.
13:29Hatchlings from hundreds of nests gather on the clifftop
13:33to prepare for their first flight.
13:43But their wings are still unformed.
13:47The bones of the long finger that supports their wing membrane
13:51must first straighten and lock together.
13:54And that will take some hours.
13:58But they can't stay here for long.
14:08Their bones are extremely light, up to 90% air.
14:12And that makes the effort needed to take off much easier.
14:18Even so, test flights are essential.
14:22There will only be one chance to get it right when the time comes to launch.
14:35The cliff edge creates updrafts, and they can help.
14:39So it pays to gather there, facing into the prevailing winds,
14:43and towards the mainland.
14:49But no one seems quite ready to take the plunge.
14:59Until, at last, one youngster sets them all on their way.
15:13The laughingman says...
15:21Jumping on fire!
15:22The cliff edge...!
15:44They're not heading for the beach and its colony.
15:47They need to get to the mist forest that lies beyond.
16:01Barbarodactylus, powerful predatory pterosaurs that normally catch fish, but the hatchlings
16:08are too good to miss.
16:19One way to take evasive action is to simply fold their wings and drop.
16:31But losing height will make it harder for them to reach the forests.
16:35Shhh.
16:44Shhh.
16:46Shhh.
16:47Shhh.
16:51Shhh.
17:15Shhh.
17:18Shhh.
17:21Shhh.
17:24Shhh.
17:25Shhh.
17:26Shhh.
17:28Shhh.
17:31Shhh.
17:35Shhh.
17:36Shhh.
17:40Shhh.
17:42Shhh.
17:45Shhh.
17:48Shhh.
17:48Shhh.
17:49still heading in the right direction.
18:10Sanctuary.
18:14Of the hatchlings that left the stack, few get as far as this.
18:21But for them, this forest offers all the shelter and food
18:25that a young pterosaur needs.
18:30For the next five years, this will be their home.
18:35Then they will be large enough to join the adults
18:38catching fish out on the open ocean.
18:52Some marine animals that spend all their lives fishing out at sea
18:57must occasionally visit the coast for a very particular purpose.
19:02In the waters of the drowned continent of Zeelandia,
19:07a long journey is coming to an end.
19:11These are tarangosaurs,
19:13a type of huge marine reptile nearly 30 feet long.
19:24This female is accompanied by her calf,
19:27about six months old.
19:34At most, she'll have only one youngster every two years or so.
19:37It's a huge investment,
19:39and one that makes the bond between mother and young very important.
19:54She has brought her young calf many miles to this one bay.
20:11And they're not alone.
20:14Tarangosaurs come here from across the South Pacific.
20:33Males also gather here to display to females.
20:46But for now, courtship is not the female's first priority.
20:56This bay has something that few others can provide.
21:09It's not the same.
21:14It's not the same.
21:15It's not the same.
21:17Pebbles.
21:18That are particularly smooth, hard, and rounded.
21:24They've been worn by the action of river water,
21:27but they're hard to find.
21:36There are plenty of them, and the tarangosaurs can take their pick.
21:49They then do something rather remarkable.
21:52They swallow them.
21:55They need the stones to act both as balance,
21:59and as gizzard stones,
22:01and as gizzard stones,
22:02gastroliths,
22:03which will remain in their stomachs
22:05to grind up their untued food.
22:15For a youngster,
22:17learning to swallow pebbles for the first time isn't easy.
22:21It takes a little practice.
22:26But it's also a chance for his mother to find a suitable mate amongst the males.
22:34The End
22:36The End
22:37The End
22:47The End
22:52The End
23:13For the calf, at last, success.
23:22Now, he will swallow as many as he can, and as he grows, he'll return here for more.
23:35It's time for the family to leave the coast and head back out to sea to feed.
23:41And for the young to orangsaur, that is an important step on the road to adulthood.
23:58In southern Europe, where the Atlantic meets the great Tethys Sea,
24:02coast of life reaches perhaps its greatest diversity.
24:08Rising sea level means that there are countless submerged islands
24:13covered with sponges, clams, and corals.
24:27Corals take advantage of the sunshine in these shallows,
24:31forming partnerships with algae that grow within their tissues.
24:43They collect tiny particles of food floating in the ocean currents.
25:05Myriads of these marine creatures encross the solid rock.
25:13But one rock here appears surprisingly bare.
25:21Beyond is the sheer drop-off and the deep sea, home to oceanic predators.
25:43And danger for unwary reef fish.
25:47And danger for unwary reef fish.
26:14But this Pycnodont fish has little to fear.
26:19This is Hoffman's Mosasaur, the ocean's deadliest predator.
26:24But he's not here to eat.
26:27He's come to be cleaned.
26:35Mosasaurs are giant lizards.
26:37And have both a lizard's forked tongue and, during the mating season,
26:42a lizard's colorful skin.
26:47Now it's time to shed old skin.
27:02And when you need to look your best, nothing but an all-over body scrub will do.
27:08And when you need to look your best, nothing but an all-over body scrub will do.
27:18Fish and shrimp pick scales shed from his body.
27:39Resting at the surface allows this sea-going, air-breathing lizard to fill his lungs.
27:47And relax.
28:06A rival. A younger male challenging for this territory.
28:36The old male is heavier. Over fifteen tons.
28:39The old male is heavier. Over fifteen tons.
28:40The old male is heavier. Over fifteen tons.
28:41But his rival is more nimble.
28:43And they are as evenly matched as this, these battles can be lethal.
29:03Mosasaurs have been found with the shattered teeth of rivals embedded in their skulls.
29:16The old male snatches a breath.
29:26Now he has the advantage.
29:33By dragging his rival down, he could drown him.
30:04To be continued...
30:23The old male has triumphed, for now at least, this reef is still his territory.
30:39A crescent moon off the coast of North America.
30:49The calm, dark nights that follow trigger a rare and beautiful event.
31:04Tonight, even in the deep, there is light.
31:21Glowing ammonites rise from the abyss.
31:34Ammonites are mollusks related to octopus and squid.
31:39These scophytids are no bigger than a human hand.
31:51For weeks, they've been gathering in the coastal depths.
32:02In the deep, these lights may help lure plankton as food.
32:06But tonight, they serve a different purpose.
32:13They've been drawn to the surface to mate.
32:16And soon, there are thousands in each shoal.
32:33Neighbour triggers neighbour, creating waves of bioluminescence.
32:48They have complex nervous systems controlling light-producing cells called photocytes.
33:03The males jostle for a place around the larger females.
33:10Clues from their displays tell her who is the fittest and who is the best mate.
33:21As couples entwine, they coordinate their light displays.
33:32If he can't match her precise rhythm, he'll be rejected.
33:41But there is perfect synchrony.
33:47This pair will now spawn and help produce the next generation.
33:57After fertilization, the females enter the shallows to release their eggs.
34:11As with most cephalopods, breeding is the final act of their short lives.
34:22By morning, these lights will have flickered and died.
34:37This magical night will be their last.
34:54All over the globe, the coast provides an ideal place for countless animals to mate, raise their young, and to
35:04feed.
35:11Back in the shallow waters of Zeelandia, large groups of twerangosaurs have come together.
35:33They propel themselves with all four fins and travel almost effortlessly to find the fish shoals that gather here in
35:42summer.
35:44Occasionally, they break the surface to gulp air before continuing on their underwater flight.
35:59But one female is not swimming with her usual grace.
36:05She and her two-year-old calf are lagging behind the rest of the group.
36:14She's moving rather laboriously.
36:19And that has not gone unnoticed.
36:25A deadly hunter.
36:28Kai Kai Filu.
36:35The apparently stricken female is a tempting target.
36:43Diving to deeper water might make her less vulnerable.
36:52For the calf, trying to distract the Mosasaur is a dangerous game.
36:59But it's buying time.
37:06The mother and calf are not entirely alone.
37:21These individuals may be related.
37:24And it's in all their interests to drive Kai Kai Filu away.
37:52This is the reason for the female's apparent distress.
37:59She's pregnant.
38:24And now, after a one-and-a-half year pregnancy, a baby.
38:36Over ten feet long, nearly half the length of its mother, one of the biggest babies of
38:44all time.
38:53It needs to get to the surface to take its very first breath.
39:19This young to a Rangisaur could live for 80 years.
39:25Now, supported by her family, she can take her place as a predator.
39:34In one of the richest habitats on Earth, the sea is around the coasts of our prehistoric planet.
39:58Next on prehistoric planet, giant dinosaurs wrestle to win a mate in baiting hot deserts.
40:07And across the globe, remarkable specialists must use every trick they can to survive
40:14in the most inhospitable places on Earth.
40:17To discover the science behind the stories, go now to the prehistoric planet show page.
40:53To be continued...
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