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En 1772, la Russie annexe la partie orientale et centrale de la Pologne (dont Varsovie). Presque 100 ans plus tard, Maria Skłodowska passe son enfance à Varsovie. En 1891, elle part pour Paris, à La Sorbonne, où elle est une des rares femmes à étudier la physique et les mathématiques. En 1894, elle rencontre Pierre Curie.
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00:28The discoverers
00:30They offer us all the guarantees of happiness
00:32Exemplary light
00:36Who enlightens, who prospers
00:38And opens the way to the dreams of humans
00:43They found levers to lift the world
00:47And thanks to them, the Earth wanted to play ring-around-the-rosie
00:52Turn, turn, all the wheels of locomotion
00:57And cars following each other in a line
01:00And threads, then quickly spin out
01:02The discoverers
01:04I'm already dreaming of other pipe dreams.
01:06So that we may progress in the wisdom of our old age
01:13The discoverers
01:18The discoverers
01:24This time I'm going to tell you the story of a woman
01:27A remarkable woman
01:29She is 4 years old when our story begins, in 1871.
01:32And she is Polish.
01:33Warsaw has just been occupied by the Russians.
01:36And no one can imagine that little Marie Slodowska
01:39She will become the most famous woman in the world
01:49Come on, Brogna, have you learned your alphabet properly?
01:53Um... wheat? wood?
01:56No, Brogna
01:57Um... finger?
01:58I can't do it, Dad, it's difficult
02:01Brogna, you should work a little harder
02:05Wheat should be planted in the autumn before the frosts.
02:09The first shoots will appear in the spring.
02:12But Marie, how did you learn?
02:15That way, to have fun, it's not difficult, Dad
02:23I didn't do it on purpose
02:29Children, we are going to share a big secret
02:33I am going to teach you the history of our country, Poland
02:36It's forbidden, you know that.
02:37Do you agree?
02:49Marie, to you
02:50Alexander II, Tsar of Russia, does not want our country to be free
02:54We live under his tyranny, but...
02:58Finally, the inspector
03:00Ah, yes, sir, one hour every day
03:26Ah, yes, sir, you're just learning that?
03:29Ah, yes, sir, you're just learning that?
03:29Ah, yes, sir, one hour every day
03:31Let's see
03:34You, who governs us?
03:36His Majesty Alexander II, Tsar of all the Russias
03:39And who am I?
03:41His Excellency, the Inspector
03:43Ah, yes, that's good, that's very good
03:46Subtitles by Jeremy
04:16A small pebble
04:37Let's start again
04:38Tsar Alexander II is a tyrant
04:40But one day our country will be free
04:43Russians do not allow women to go to university
04:46You need to go to France
04:48Foreigners and women are accepted there too.
04:50I know, but it's expensive.
04:52I'll work and I'll load you up with money
04:54And why wouldn't you go?
04:56Let's be practical, I'm 17, you're 20.
04:58When you become a doctor, you will help me in turn.
05:01Having stayed in Poland, Mary Slodowska worked and saved for 7 years.
05:06Finally, his turn will come
05:12Your mattress, the blankets, the sheets, the tea
05:16Did you have tea? It's expensive in Paris.
05:18Yes, Dad, and sausage.
05:20And warm sweaters and a winter coat
05:23And your chemistry books?
05:24Yes, yes, yes, they are here
05:26You ask the car, the car, the train will leave.
05:32Whose is all this?
05:35To me, sir
05:37Oh, all that?
05:38It's already going a lot
05:40You have to pay
05:43Two rubles for the mattress
05:44One ruble for this big package
05:46And there, 50 competitions for this one
05:48And this big box
05:49No, no, two rubles
05:51It all makes a difference, wait
05:53Sir, I don't have that much money.
05:54I am going to study
05:55The rules are the rules.
05:57Therefore, you must...
05:59Sir, please
06:05But what's going on?
06:08This young woman has too much baggage.
06:09Look at that
06:10And this, then this, then all of this, there
06:12She refuses to pay
06:14Well, miss?
06:16I need these things
06:18I have little money
06:18I am going to study in Paris
06:20Ah, Paris
06:21France, the land of freedom
06:23From science
06:24You are so lucky
06:27Permission to bring luggage free of charge
06:28Start the train
06:29Come on, quickly!
06:32Execution
06:55This is Marie in Paris
06:57Paris, where a great scholar pastor
07:00He is at the end of his life
07:06Enrolled in science at the Sorbonne
07:08She will quickly realize
07:09How late she is
07:11About his comrades
07:11And for years
07:13His life will not be made
07:15What hard work!
07:45Subtitling by Radio-Canada
07:59His degree is in physical science.
08:02From the University of Paris
08:03First
08:04Marie Slodoska
08:14So, is it true?
08:15Do you want to learn mathematics?
08:17Wow!
08:18It must be said that at the time
08:20There were hardly any women to be seen
08:21At the university
08:22Their rights were still just a utopia.
08:24A female worker earned four times
08:25Less than a worker
08:30Tomorrow
08:31Integral Calculus Exam
08:35His mathematics degree
08:37From the University of Paris
08:39First
08:40Marie Slodoska
08:41Congratulations!
08:43Miss
08:47Oh, I've observed a curious phenomenon
08:49Crystals
08:52Ah, Pierre Curie
08:53I present to you
08:54Marie Slodoska
08:58She came from Poland
08:59To work with us
09:02You were telling me, Pierre?
09:04No, I don't remember about it anymore
09:11Enter
09:13Oh, miss
09:14I brought you a gift
09:16Mr. Curie
09:17We didn't need
09:20A book by Zola?
09:25At this time
09:26You will no longer have a train
09:26To get back, Pierre
09:27Oh, it's not important
09:29I will walk
09:30I love walking
09:31It gives me an opportunity to reflect
09:34So, good evening
09:38And Pierre Curie
09:39He will walk home
09:40He lived in Sceau
09:41Fifteen kilometers away
09:43A little crazy, isn't it?
09:45But no
09:45Pierre and Marie Curie
09:46They were not people
09:47Like the others
09:48They loved nothing but science
09:50But they still loved each other
09:52Oh yes
09:52They loved each other very much
09:57You know, Marie
09:57I observed crystals
09:59Those that produce electricity
10:00Oh yes, Pierre?
10:02And I believe
10:03That there is a kind of land
10:04Which emits an interesting light
10:06Ah, those newlyweds!
10:07Words of love
10:08How moving!
10:09Let's be discreet
10:10Uranium is not the only element
10:13Which emits radiation
10:14There is a symmetry in nature
10:16Like the difference between magnetism and electricity
10:18Youth, youth
10:22At that time, a scientist, Henri Becquerel
10:24Photograph a tube
10:26Containing a small amount of uranium
10:27Which he carefully covered with aluminum
10:30Mr. Becquerel, Mr. Becquerel
10:32You were right.
10:33Uranium does emit rays
10:35And they went through the aluminum
10:39What could be the nature of this radiation?
10:43Well, that's all there is to it.
10:45The newly created radioactivity
10:59Pierre, I have an idea for my doctoral thesis
11:02A doctorate?
11:03It won't be easy for a woman
11:05I don't like easy things
11:07My topic will be the mysterious rays discovered by Becquerel.
11:15Yes, it's a good topic.
11:17Not easy either
11:18Pierre, I believe there is an element
11:20A substance that is still unknown
11:22Which emits more radiation than uranium
11:24Do you think so?
11:25I'm sure of it, I'll explain.
11:32Can you be distracted?
11:49And you too?
11:51Therefore, according to Madame Curie, there is still an unknown element.
11:55Which spontaneously emits strong radiation
11:58That's not possible, come on.
12:00And what's more, it's a woman who claims to have found this.
12:06This radioactive element is found in a very special type of soil.
12:10The blaze fisherman
12:11There are some in Austria
12:12We need to bring some in.
12:13Yes, but it will take a lot of them
12:15And that requires space.
12:17Where can I find it?
12:20Ah, I think I know
12:24Hold
12:26Listen to the children, that's all I can offer you
12:28And I know that's not very brilliant.
12:30The state doesn't help science much, you know
12:49That might not suit you, of course.
12:51But that's all I have
12:52That will suit us very well, Mr. Schultz.
12:55Thank you so much
12:56Pierre and Marie will work for four years.
12:59Under barely believable conditions
13:06Thank you all
13:08Thank you all
13:08Thank you all
13:16Thank you all
13:42No, listen, that's too much
13:43Let's stop for a moment.
13:45Look at the face you have
13:47Marie, you need to rest.
13:48No, no, we're too close to the finish line.
13:51We continue
13:52Good
14:04Wait, don't you
14:05Remember, you wanted radium to have a pretty color?
14:07Look at
14:15Radium is beautiful
14:17Yes, it's beautiful.
14:19Do you realize?
14:20I did the calculation
14:22We processed over 10 tonnes of peach blends
14:25To obtain one gram of radium
14:28Yes, but that gram is worth a fortune
14:31Wait, I wonder
14:32If we were to file a patent
14:34We would have all the money we need
14:37For our work, for our laboratory
14:39No, Pierre, no
14:40We must communicate the results of our research free of charge.
14:45All of humanity should benefit from our discovery.
14:48Even the poorest
14:54Rage, everything will be alright, you'll see.
15:05The University of Paris is not going to award a doctorate to a woman
15:08This has never been seen before, and to a foreigner no less.
15:11Ah, sir, we judge the candidate on his merits.
15:14And not on the basis of his sex or nationality
15:18Madam, how did you isolate the radium?
15:21It's a complicated technique
15:23We start by stirring up tons of this special soil.
15:25The peach-blende
15:26And so, what...
15:27In short, what is radium?
15:30This is an element that is still unknown.
15:31Which spontaneously emits radiation and heat
15:34A substance I call radioactive
15:38Radioactive?
15:39Well, winter doesn't exist.
15:42Thank you, madam.
15:43The University of Paris awards you the title of Doctor of Science (S), Physical Sciences
15:47With the highest distinction
15:49On behalf of the jury, I congratulate you.
15:52Well done !
15:55An unacceptable woman, that's all we needed.
15:58And why not the Academy of Sciences too, eh?
16:01Poor man, you would do well to take a few lessons
16:03You, Perrin?
16:12Tell me, maestro
16:13Was it really that difficult for a woman to obtain degrees?
16:16Just think, back then, not a single one of them had a doctorate in science.
16:20She was not allowed to vote
16:22The famous Octave Mirbeau had just written
16:25Woman has only one role in the universe: to perpetuate the species.
16:29And why, maestro?
16:30Yet there are many women who are business leaders, professors, or even ministers.
16:34Today, yes, but until quite recently, man dominated
16:39That's normal, he's the strongest man, that's all.
16:43But he's not necessarily the smartest, as you can see.
16:48Thankfully, it's not like that anymore.
16:50It's improving, but there's still a long way to go.
16:54Buy the newspaper, sensational news: three French scientists receive the Nobel Prize
16:59The newspaper!
17:01With this prize of 70,000 francs, we will be able to live more comfortably.
17:04And arrange our laboratory
17:06My friends, you have just received the Osiris Prize, 50,000 francs.
17:14You received the Lacaze prize
17:17Well done, children!
17:20Angevin, what news do you bring us?
17:22The prize won, yes, yes, you have it
17:25I present to you the Davey Gold Medal, the highest scientific distinction in England.
17:32Bravo, bravo, bravo
17:34A tour in America, especially for you
17:37And how did you discover radium?
17:40No, no, no photo for the time
17:43No, no racehorses in my name, no
17:45No, no banquet.
18:07I kept a small tube in my blouse pocket
18:10Look, do you see?
18:12But I too have observed this effect of radium.
18:14Perhaps we could try to treat cancer
18:16Yes, we must try.
18:18Did you like the roast?
18:21The guinea pig, oh yes, the roast, yes, yes, of course
18:32The holidays are over, tomorrow I have to go back to Paris.
18:36Don't worry, I'll join you there the day after tomorrow.
18:48He died
18:56These gentlemen and ladies wish to offer you their condolences, madam.
19:01I propose that Madame Curie take over Professor Curie's chair of physics at the Sorbonne.
19:07You don't think a woman has ever been admitted to higher education?
19:10Where are you, over there?
19:11Madame Curie is appointed professor at the Sorbonne
19:14Believe me, that appointment was a major event for the time.
19:17A victory
19:31I can't do you
19:43Today, the election of a member of the Academy of Sciences takes place.
19:47The candidates are Marcel Brilloin, Édouard Branly and...
19:52Madame Marie Curie
19:54A woman in the Academy? Come on, you're joking.
19:59Which woman? What was her name again? Curie?
20:02Yes, yes, but its real name is slow, slow, slow, slow, uh, how...
20:05In any case, it was her husband, Pierre Curie, who discovered radium, not her.
20:10She is a great Polish and Catholic scientist
20:12What more could you want?
20:14Catholic, you're quite sure?
20:16No women in the Academy
20:18Gentlemen, we will now proceed to the vote.
20:29Watch out, bread!
20:40Mr. Édouard Branly is elected with thirty votes
20:43Madame Marie Curie receives twenty-eight votes
20:45Mr. Brilloin, a voice
20:47No, but can you imagine?
20:49A woman at the Academy of Sciences, what a beautiful tale!
20:52That same year at the Academy of Sciences, but in Sweden this time
20:58Gentlemen, the Stockholm Academy of Sciences has decided to design the Nobel Prize in Chemistry for Madame Marie Curie.
21:05In 1913, Marie, tired, spent her holidays in Switzerland.
21:08Where she will meet a strange fellow, Einstein
21:111914, the Great War, the madness of men
21:27Oh, Madame Curie, what an honor! But please, come in.
21:31I don't have much time, madam.
21:33I came to ask you for a small favor.
21:35Of course, anything you want
21:36I just want that
21:38But it's my brand new car
21:42I was just about to go shopping
21:44You see, I need it
21:47France needs it more to save its soldiers, madam.
21:51I... like... like... yes?
21:52Jean, please take this car to the Institute
21:55Thank you for your generosity.
21:57Your car will be returned to you
21:59After the war, of course
22:03Well, I never! What nerve!
22:20Get all these cars repainted
22:22Repaint?
22:23Yes, in grey, with a red cross
22:31A dynamo, an X-ray machine, screens, photographic equipment, a cable, curtains
22:37And don't forget your protective gloves.
22:43Start the dynamo, run the cable there to the tent
22:45And cover all the openings, the radio, the plates
22:48You see, doctor, the fracture line is clean
22:51A splint should be enough.
22:52Thank you, Madame Curie
22:54There are not enough men
22:55Women are perfectly capable of working as radiologists and driving ambulances.
22:59Of course, mother
23:01Ladies, X-rays allow us to see the skeleton and fractures.
23:04Here's how it should be done
23:07To start, you need to turn this crank.
23:13Up and to the left is first gear
23:15This is to start
23:21First, you have to disengage the clutch, there
23:25Okay, now try to make the whole thing from the pâté
23:49Will that be alright, sir?
23:50Good for service
24:02Ambulances, small curiae
24:05And you, deep down, be our brave soldiers
24:07Oh, you know, we should give them the right to vote
24:10Giving women the vote, Mr. Seedfried, but where would that lead us?
24:13Thanks to Marie Curie, it became possible to perform over a million X-rays.
24:17And save many human lives
24:19There would also be, in 1921, that exhausting trip to the USA
24:24To bring back radium
24:25A Gift from America to the Great Scientist
24:28Oh, Marie!
24:30conferences
24:31Receptions
24:33White houses
24:34A true triumph
24:36Oh, Marie!
24:38And upon his return to Paris
24:40Apart from one researcher, only two journalists
24:43They will wait for him
24:44To ask him crucial questions
24:47So, what do you think, madam, of MC's boxing-carpenter match?
24:51In 1944, Marie Curie passed away, exhausted.
24:55Pernicious anemia, the doctors will say.
24:57It was not yet known that radiation could be fatal.
25:01Humanity still has much to show for beings of its own caliber.
25:04Many, but not this woman
25:08The discoverers
25:09They shape better worlds for us
25:12Eyes towards the sky
25:14Their thoughts wander elsewhere
25:17Turn my snow
25:19Stars
25:20Planets
25:21Comets
25:22Here the man takes off
25:24He will leave the ground
25:25My words
25:26That's when he flies away.
25:27Tomorrow they will
25:28They will not lead to other firmaments
25:31Because for them, man
25:33He is only at the beginning of his novel
25:35The discoverers
25:40The discoverers
25:43The discoverers
25:44Subtitling by Radio-Canada
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