This text examines the Annibale Protocol, a controversial directive of the Israeli Defense Forces (IDF) aimed at preventing the capture of soldiers, even at the cost of injuring or killing hostages and civilians themselves. The author traces the origin of the directive back to the 1970s, when the asymmetry in prisoner exchanges between Israel and the Palestinians became militarily unsustainable for Israel. The directive, developed in 1986 but never fully published, has long been surrounded by conspiracy theories and applied in distorted ways. The text documents its most devastating application during the Black Friday of 2014 in Rafah and its alleged uses during Hamas's attack on October 7, 2023, often resulting in "friendly fire" and casualties among hostages and civilians. Although it was officially revoked in 2016, its application continues to raise serious ethical and legal questions about the value of human life in the context of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.
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