In questa lezione l'allora Procuratore nazionale Antimafia Pietro Grasso, ci spiega cos'è il fenomeno del pentitismo, le storie dei principali collaboratori di giustizia e le leggi per regolamentare la loro posizione, l'azione di Cosa Nostra, le sue reazioni e i suoi segreti. Grasso ci racconta anche quale fu la reazione dei mafiosi al Maxiprocesso quando fece la sua entrata Tommaso Buscetta:
"Un silenzio assordante, come se la sua presenza incutesse rispetto e onore. Alla comparsa di Salvatore Contorno, invece, il giorno successivo, dalle stesse gabbie si scatenò una rabbia e una tale reazione clamorosa che Grasso ricorda tuttora, con sconcerto."
Ma è l'episodio della cattura di Bernardo Provenzano, avvenuta nel 2006, che interessa raccontarci Grasso e soprattutto del suo colloquio col super pentito subito dopo l'arresto.
Poco si conosceva delle trame di Cosa Nostra prima che i pentiti rilasciassero le proprie dichiarazioni, i pentiti sono da sempre il veleno per Cosa Nostra, spiega l'ex procuratore nazionale Grasso, ma grazie alle dichiarazioni di Tommaso Buscetta, si è riusciti a conoscere struttura e funzioni della Cupola mafiosa, e a sferrare il primo vero attacco dello Stato.
In this lesson, then-National Anti-Mafia Prosecutor Pietro Grasso explains the phenomenon of repentance, the stories of the main collaborators with justice and the laws regulating their positions, the actions of Cosa Nostra, its reactions, and its secrets. Grasso also tells us about the mafiosi's reaction at the Maxi Trial when Tommaso Buscetta entered:
"A deafening silence, as if his presence commanded respect and honor. However, when Salvatore Contorno appeared the next day, such anger and a resounding reaction erupted from those same cells that Grasso still remembers with dismay."
But it's the episode of Bernardo Provenzano's capture in 2006 that Grasso is most interested in recounting, and especially his conversation with the super-repentant immediately after his arrest.
Little was known about the Cosa Nostra's plots before the repentants released their statements. Repentants have always been the bane of the Cosa Nostra, explains former national prosecutor Grasso. But thanks to Tommaso Buscetta's statements, it was possible to understand the structure and functions of the Mafia's Cupola, and to launch the first real attack by the State.
#Antimafia #Mafia #CosaNostra #LezioniDiMafia #GiovanniFalcone #Buscetta
||
#Crime #TrueCrime #DivinumCrime
https://www.dailymotion.com/DivinumCrime
"Un silenzio assordante, come se la sua presenza incutesse rispetto e onore. Alla comparsa di Salvatore Contorno, invece, il giorno successivo, dalle stesse gabbie si scatenò una rabbia e una tale reazione clamorosa che Grasso ricorda tuttora, con sconcerto."
Ma è l'episodio della cattura di Bernardo Provenzano, avvenuta nel 2006, che interessa raccontarci Grasso e soprattutto del suo colloquio col super pentito subito dopo l'arresto.
Poco si conosceva delle trame di Cosa Nostra prima che i pentiti rilasciassero le proprie dichiarazioni, i pentiti sono da sempre il veleno per Cosa Nostra, spiega l'ex procuratore nazionale Grasso, ma grazie alle dichiarazioni di Tommaso Buscetta, si è riusciti a conoscere struttura e funzioni della Cupola mafiosa, e a sferrare il primo vero attacco dello Stato.
In this lesson, then-National Anti-Mafia Prosecutor Pietro Grasso explains the phenomenon of repentance, the stories of the main collaborators with justice and the laws regulating their positions, the actions of Cosa Nostra, its reactions, and its secrets. Grasso also tells us about the mafiosi's reaction at the Maxi Trial when Tommaso Buscetta entered:
"A deafening silence, as if his presence commanded respect and honor. However, when Salvatore Contorno appeared the next day, such anger and a resounding reaction erupted from those same cells that Grasso still remembers with dismay."
But it's the episode of Bernardo Provenzano's capture in 2006 that Grasso is most interested in recounting, and especially his conversation with the super-repentant immediately after his arrest.
Little was known about the Cosa Nostra's plots before the repentants released their statements. Repentants have always been the bane of the Cosa Nostra, explains former national prosecutor Grasso. But thanks to Tommaso Buscetta's statements, it was possible to understand the structure and functions of the Mafia's Cupola, and to launch the first real attack by the State.
#Antimafia #Mafia #CosaNostra #LezioniDiMafia #GiovanniFalcone #Buscetta
||
#Crime #TrueCrime #DivinumCrime
https://www.dailymotion.com/DivinumCrime
Categoria
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TVTrascrizione
00:12My name is Pietro Grasso and I grew up in Palermo, an important city for the choices
00:19of my life.
00:22Since 2005 I have been the national anti-mafia prosecutor, so I have moved from the trenches of the province
00:30from Palermo to the headquarters in Rome, where news arrives from all fronts,
00:36they study the trends and new activities of the mafia, they develop techniques and strategies
00:43necessary to combat it.
01:06In this lesson on the mafia we will delve into a phenomenon, that of repentance, which
01:14has finally allowed us to understand how Cosa Nostra operates, what its reactions are, what
01:21they are his secrets.
01:22I remember an episode, the maxi trial against the mafia, Tommaso Buscetta enters and is welcomed
01:30from a deafening silence, as if it still inspired respect and fear.
01:38After a few days Salvatore Contorno enters and is greeted with insults, abuse, a
01:46really loud reaction from the cages.
01:56After years I ask a man of honor who had been behind the cages, but why this reaction?
02:04different to two repentants?
02:07and he explains to me in a very simple way that Contorno, who they had actually killed
02:14as many as 20 family members, relatives and friends had entered the courtroom holding their right hand close to their
02:23leg and making the sign of the horns to everyone who was behind the cages.
02:30But, as you can see, certain reactions that seem to be motivated by who knows what background,
02:37in reality they are the result of much simpler things.
02:49In any case, collaborators of justice have been and are considered the poison for what
02:57ours. There are those who repent out of personal revenge, those who repent out of mere opportunistic calculation, for convenience,
03:04but there are also those who repent through a real spiritual conversion, a crisis of
03:10consciousness. We will therefore see how and why this short circuit that develops within
03:18Cosa Nostra. How can you distinguish a justice collaborator from a witness?
03:27of justice. We will trace the stories and profiles of the most important Sicilian informants, from Leonardo
03:35Vitale to Tommaso Buscetta, to Salvatore Contorno, to Antonino Giuffre and finally to Gaspar and Spatuzza.
03:45Finally we will delve into the many controversies and tensions regarding the correct
03:53management and the actual usefulness of collaborators of justice.
03:59I once asked a journalist why do you use the word pentito? He told me collaborator.
04:09justice is too long a word to be included in article titles.
04:16So the word pentito is a journalistic invention because in fact repentance is something intimate
04:29which takes into account the ethical sphere, morality, conscience. Here we are speaking more simply of a pact, of a
04:41a sort of contract between those who decide to side with the State and in exchange obtain protection
04:49of the State, sentence reductions, procedural benefits but also benefits in the execution of the sentence
04:57which can also be served under house arrest instead of in prison.
05:08But what is the difference between a collaborator and a witness of justice?
05:15The difference is substantial because the collaborator of justice comes from crime, comes from the organization
05:23criminal and tells of the criminal facts accusing first himself and then all his accomplices.
05:31The witness, on the other hand, is the one who witnessed a relevant act committed by the organization
05:38criminal and out of civic duty, risking his own safety and that of his family
05:46from these indications to justice to find those guilty of heinous crimes.
05:54In the last 40 years there have been many collaborators of justice and we will try through
06:01of them, through the stories of some of them, the most emblematic ones, to trace
06:08the forms, the ways of collaboration and their human histories.
06:18Leonardo Leuccio Vitale is the first to repent due to a crisis of conscience, only he was not believed
06:29also because it was difficult at the time to find evidence of his statements.
06:36he had therefore mentioned some important names, that of Totò Riina, of Rosario Riccobono, of Vito
06:44Ciancimino, son of Pippo Calò. He began his criminal career very young, at 17.
06:52years. An uncle who was the one who had introduced him to criminal activity to get him to take
07:02courage, before committing the first murder, he had him kill a horse, shooting it
07:10to the head.
07:14He was killed in 1984, while leaving the Capuchin church, where he went daily.
07:28It had been just two months since he was released from the asylum.
07:36of Barcellona, of Pozzo di Cotto, where he ended up precisely because of his statements, but also
07:43because during various psychiatric assessments he had been deemed no longer sane.
07:53Why did they declare her semi-infirm? It wasn't said. Yes, I say, but according to
07:57Why her? Why? To deem her less reliable, less credible. Yes, exactly.
08:11And subsequently his life ended in connection with the beginning of another collaboration,
08:21because in 1984, when he was killed, the new era of collaborators was already known
08:32of justice, the era of Tommaso Buscetta.
08:38In 1984, coming from Brazil, Buscetta comes to meet Giovanni Falcone and says
08:49who trusts only him and Gianni De Gennaro, the one who accompanies him in the first phase of the
08:59his statements. The first thing he says is that he doesn't want to be considered a
09:09spy, a confidant, because he doesn't want advantages, benefits from the police. The second is that he doesn't
09:18he is a repentant, in the sense that he is not driven by petty opportunistic calculations to have
09:26precisely of the advantages. In the first declaration, which dates back to July 16, 1984, Giovanni
09:36Falcone will say that he finally wants to succeed in destroying the myth of Cosa Nostra to give
09:47the possibility for the new generations, for the young people, of a new, much more dignified life
09:55and much more esteemed than what one could live in Sicily.
10:08I'm starting to talk about all the mafia hierarchies, the dozens, the family, the district,
10:16because he said Cosa Nostra has a people to whom it dictates rules and has a territory on which
10:24exercises full control. Buscetta no longer had a choice, all his relatives had been killed,
10:34he could only turn to Giovanni Falcone to implement his reaction,
10:43which absolutely could not be armed due to a lack of men and weapons, but could only
10:50be judicial. From there the maxi-trial against the mafia was born, finally the mafia bosses would be
11:00were sentenced to life imprisonment, no longer acquitted due to insufficient evidence as had happened
11:08until that moment. In truth there would have been no Buscetta without Falcone, because Buscetta
11:16decides to open up and reveal the secrets of Cosa Nostra only because he has full confidence
11:23in his judge in Giovanni Falcone. I received a great lesson from Giovanni Falcone,
11:32when he told me, as he had told Buscetta, that he would try to put it
11:41in difficulty, he would have made some objections, he would have sought confirmation of his statements
11:48and he would have challenged them again if they had not been consistent. And then that between the judge and the
11:55collaborator must always keep the desk in the middle and address without friendly expressions,
12:06but making it clear that on one side there is the State and that on the other there are those who are available
12:14to provide elements to the State, but always with the due diligence.
12:22Is it sometimes possible to establish human contact with a mafioso?
12:26Yes, of course. They're men like everyone else.
12:30And you mean Buscetta, for example?
12:32But they are also nice people, unpleasant people, with a noble soul, with a less noble soul,
12:42like everyone else.
12:45There was talk, almost as if to delegitimize it, of the Buscetta theorem, that is, of a responsibility
12:52automatic punishment of the Commission for all crimes committed, for the sole fact of doing
12:57part of the Commission. But the first instance rulings and those of the Supreme Court have succeeded
13:04to demonstrate how the responsibility of individual mafia bosses was personal and for an entire
13:12series of crimes, of murders that they had committed.
13:16The importance of Buscetta's statements is now beyond question. Without him, there would be no
13:22we could never have rewritten the history of the mafia and anti-mafia.
13:30Contorno Salvatore, known as Totuccio, was also convinced to repent by Judge Giovanni Falcone.
13:40It was very important because through the comparison between his statements and those
13:46Buscetta's investigations provided the evidence to convict many men of honor. It was very important.
13:55also in the Pizza Connection trial, he went to testify in the United States and in the second
14:01Mafia war. After the killing of his boss Stefano Bontade, in June 1981 he escaped
14:12to a spectacular ambush set by the most skilled killers of Cosa Nostra, Pino Greco Scarpuzzedda
14:21and Giuseppe Lucchese. He also saved the life of a boy who was with him in the car,
14:28a friend of the son, throwing him aside and getting out of the car, also managed to hit him
14:34one of his attackers who, however, did not die because he was wearing a bulletproof vest. While
14:44he was hiding from the authorities, after fleeing from Palermo, he began to collaborate
14:52with the vice-questor Nini Cassarà, he was one of the confidants, first light source, so it was
15:03appointed, which gave the possibility to begin to understand what had happened in the clash
15:11between the Corleonesi on one side and the Palermitans of kindness to insert it on the other.
15:19He was arrested on March 23, 1982 and this certainly saved his life. Think about it.
15:28during his collaboration he told us that in order not to be surprised in his sleep, even
15:37He used to sleep outside his hiding place, on a tree.
15:45During my years as head of the Palermo prosecutor's office, I believe that the professional satisfactions
15:52the greatest ones were obtained from the collaboration of Antonino Giuffret, the head of the district of
15:59Caccavo, a town in the province of Palermo that Falcone had already defined as
16:07Cosa Nostra's Switzerland, because it was a quiet area where no crimes happened
16:13mafia, a neutral but very rich area. I believe I can safely say
16:22denials that for the quality, the vastness and the validity of his knowledge, Antonino
16:31Giuffret can be defined as the most important collaborator of justice in recent years.
16:37It allowed us to get our hands on an impressive amount of the so-called pizzini, those
16:45with which Provenzano communicated with all his acolytes in various parts of Sicily and through
16:57From those pieces, many stories have been reconstructed. Many investigations have been initiated,
17:05many lines of investigation that later led to heavy responsibilities.
17:17During his statements he also talked about all the precautions he used to take
17:24adopt Bernardo Provenzano to escape capture. For example, when he was supposed to go
17:31at a meeting, not trusting those he was going to meet, he even arrived
17:38the day before and during the night he slept outside the meeting place, just fearing that
17:48someone could betray him. But after the meeting ended everyone left and he remained
17:54again to see if the area was quiet and then he would return to his lair. Many times
18:04we arrived when Bernardo Provenzano's lair was still warm but someone probably
18:16he managed to warn him of our action every time until we managed to get there
18:24The capture of Bernardo Provenzano was like the end of a nightmare. A nightmare because Provenzano
18:32he was certainly considered an architect of all the mysteries and plots involving
18:40Cosa Nostra. When he was captured, I ran into him in the corridors of the Flying Squad.
18:48from Palermo, I couldn't help but try it with him too. In the sense that
18:57I said in a somewhat ambiguous manner as we Sicilians know how to do sometimes with words like
19:06a little obscure. I told her I'm Sicilian like her and maybe together we could do something.
19:15of good for Sicily, for our land. After a moment of reflection in which he did not move
19:24not even a muscle in his face to show even with a nod a welcome to my
19:32I asked him yes, but each one according to his role. As if to say, you continue to do it
19:41the head of the anti-mafia, I continue to be the head of the mafia.
19:49For years in Italy there was no law regulating the management, protection and benefits
19:57for collaborators of justice. Think that it started with Buscetta in 1984 and the first
20:05law on collaborators of justice dates back to 1991. Collaborators of justice do not create
20:13no problems of any kind as long as they talk about the military mafia, the men of honor, but when
20:22they begin to grasp and report the relationships between the men of honor and those outside Cosa
20:31Ours, the categories of the grey area, of professionals, but above all of politics
20:37the attacks begin. Giovanni Falcone, poor thing, who in peace and rest, wanted to undertake
20:45a street that talks about politics. If it's already a problem to talk about Cosa Nostra, why
20:55there is no evidence, because there are no cards, there are no notary deeds, if it is already a
21:02I imagine it's a little difficult to talk about the mafia, I'm talking about politics.
21:07These are really violent attacks, it is said that they are paid, that they are
21:14people who are paid to tell lies. It was said that there was a sort of repentance,
21:22in the sense that by now those who had the power in Italy were the repentants who were able to accuse
21:28even those who were absolutely innocent. In the history of repentance there has been the feeling
21:36even of a strategy to introduce trials, false informants who would put
21:42the statements of the true repentants are in doubt and contradict each other.
21:47The case of Vincenzo Scarantino, who led the most disturbing cover-up, is emblematic.
21:55of the last twenty years, that of the Via D'Amelio massacre in which Paolo lost his life
22:00Borsellino and all his men. Fortunately, this strategy was discovered.
22:07and naturally this gives rise to a whole controversy which leads to a revision
22:18of the initial law and in 2001 we arrive at more rigorous, more severe rules, because the collaborator
22:26he must say everything and immediately, within 180 days from the start of the declaration and we know
22:33which very often are declarations of such magnitude that it is not possible to complete them in
22:41indicated period. And then he must give everything immediately, meaning he must declare all
22:48its properties which were acquired through the mafia organization and not only
22:53their own but also of all those who are part of the organization. And finally they must
22:59they must be declarations that have the character of novelty, of completeness, of saying everything
23:06and above all reliability.
23:13Certainly these are rigorous, severe, non-incentivising rules, so much so that it has been recorded
23:19Initially, there was a decline in collaborators. But the phenomenon of repentance has resumed today.
23:27in all its importance. The repentant collaborators of justice, to distinguish them from witnesses,
23:37Today there are as many as 1,126. Thanks to them it was possible to discover arsenals of weapons
23:45and explosives, drug trafficking, human trafficking, all the most modern
23:54criminal activities by traditional mafias but also in conjunction with foreign mafias.
24:04The authors of the massacres have been discovered, the massacres not only those of Via D'Amelio, that one
24:12of Capaci, but also the massacres in Florence, Rome and Milan.
24:20I had the privilege of being the first to hear the statements of Gasper and Spatuzza, who
24:28They are the fruit of a crisis of conscience that came to an end after 20 years of suffering.
24:36He began to say that his conscience troubled him that there were innocent people
24:43convicted and guilty people still at liberty.
24:48Well, thanks to those statements it was possible to reconstruct the panorama from scratch, the
24:56context in which the Via D'Amelio massacre took place, in which Paolo Borsellino lost his life
25:02it was his last, but it was also possible to raise some intuitions about the presence
25:11of something else, besides the mafia, in this massacre and in all the massacres that followed this
25:18they will be connected.
25:20Today we can say that it is precisely thanks to this phenomenon of repentance that we can think of
25:28continue successfully the fight against the mafia, also because the repentant manages to put
25:36the founding elements of the organization are in crisis.
25:40Solidarity, the prestige of mafia bosses who are unable to control the phenomenon
25:48inside them.
25:50Think that Brusca reported that in the last times, before being arrested, when they had to
25:56to go and commit murders, some disguised themselves, put on hoods to
26:00not to be recognized as participants in the criminal action in the event that someone later
26:07could collaborate.
26:09And this meant destroying Cosa Nostra and the action of the State in this way becomes
26:16increasingly effective, but we need resources, means, because unfortunately the protection,
26:24assistance, the possibility of helping collaborators of justice build a new life
26:34and they import economic resources that cannot be lacking in a time of crisis, if
26:41this very important fight against the mafia phenomenon will not end.
27:19Thank you all.
27:34Thank you all.
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