00:00Hello friends, welcome to free grammar lessons. In this video, we will be learning everything about
00:07participles. Let's first quickly remember what we have learned in our previous video.
00:13In our previous video, we learned non-finite verbs. In spite of being the verb, it behaves
00:20as adjective, adverb, or noun in the sentence. Non-finite verbs are mainly divided into three
00:28types. A gerund, infinitives, and participles. Gerunds are ing form of verbs that behaves
00:37as a noun in the sentence. Infinitives are two plus verbs based form and behaves as noun,
00:44adjective, or adverb in the sentence. We have discussed in detail both of these kind of verbs
00:51in our previous video. Please check those videos if you haven't already or need a revision.
00:56Links for them are in the description. In this video, you will learn participles.
01:03So without a further go, let's get started.
01:07So what is a participle? It is not the main verb in the sentence. It doesn't function as verb
01:15in the sentence. It instead functions as an adjective in the sentence. Remember these three points
01:23about participles. They are mainly divided into three parts. Present participle, past participle,
01:30and perfect participle. Present participle is created by adding ing to verb's base form
01:37and functions as adjective. In the gerund video, we saw that gerund is also formed by verb's base form
01:45plus ing. But they function as noun in the sentence. So please do not confuse present participle with
01:53gerunds. Let's look into the sentence example of present participles. I really like the dancing doll.
02:01Here, main verb is like and dancing is secondary verb in ing form. As it is describing the doll,
02:08it functions as adjective in the sentence. And so, it behaves as present participle in the sentence.
02:14Let's look into the next example. He jumped from a running train. Here, main verb is jumped and running
02:22is secondary verb in ing form. As it is describing the train, it functions as adjective in the sentence.
02:29And so, it behaves as present participle in the sentence. Let's look into one more example.
02:35He sold his working machine. Here, main verb is sold and working is secondary verb in ing form.
02:43As it is describing the machine, it functions as adjective in the sentence. And so, it behaves as a present
02:51participle in the sentence. Now, we got the idea of present participles. Let's look into past
02:58participles. Past participle is created by using verb's third form and functions as adjective in the sentence.
03:07Let's look into sentence. Let's look into sentence example of past participle. The broken glass cut my foot.
03:14Here, main verb is cut and broken is secondary verb in verb's third form. As it is describing glass,
03:22it functions as adjective in the sentence. And so, it behaves as a past participle in the sentence.
03:29Let's look into one more example. A tired person can't be productive. Here, the main verb is current and tired
03:48is secondary verb.
03:50Let's look into one more example. A tired person can't be productive.
03:55Here, the main verb is current and tired is secondary verb.
04:01As it is describing the person, it functions as adjective in the sentence. And so, it is a past participle
04:08in the sentence.
04:09Now, we have got the idea of past participles. Let's now look into perfect participles.
04:15The perfect participle indicates completed action. They can be in active form or passive form. In active form,
04:25they are created by having plus verb's third form. While in passive form, they are created by having been plus
04:33verb's third form.
04:35Let's look into example of active form of perfect participle created by having plus verb's third form.
04:42Having edited the video, I started uploading it. Here, the first action of editing the video is completed.
04:49And the second action is started of uploading. So, having edited is perfect participle here.
04:56Let's look into one more example of active form. Having finished my homework, I went to play.
05:03Here, the first action of finishing the homework is completed.
05:07And the second action of playing was started after that. So, having finished is perfect participle here.
05:16Let's now look into some perfect participle examples in passive form.
05:21Having been defeated, he fled away. Here, the first action of defeated is completed.
05:28And the second action of fled away is performed. Having been defeated is perfect participle here.
05:34Let's look into one more example. Having been beaten up, he began to cry.
05:40Here, the first action of beaten is completed. And the second action of crying started.
05:47So, having been beaten is perfect participle here. So, these are all the examples of perfect participles.
05:54That's all about participles in this video. Let's quickly revise what we learned in this lesson.
05:59Firstly, we understood what participles exactly are. They are non-finite verbs and functions as adjective in the sentence.
06:08Then, we understood the three types with example. First, present participle which is created by verb's ing form.
06:16Second, past participle which is created by verb's third form.
06:19And third, perfect participle which is created by having plus verb's third form in active sentence.
06:28And have been plus verb's third form in passive sentence.
06:32So, that's all in this video.
06:33Thank you for watching the video. If you have any questions or suggestions related to the lesson,
06:38please write in the comment section. If you liked the video, please hit the like button.
06:43Do share the video so others can learn and do subscribe to this channel to get regular updates about the
06:49course.
06:51You
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