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00:00Welcome to Lesson 8 of the English Grammar Series.
00:03In this lesson, we will learn about the Past Perfect Continuous Tense.
00:07This tense is used for actions that started in the past and continued up until another time or another event
00:14in the past.
00:15Let us go through the structure, examples, and practice sentences together.
00:19By the end of this lesson, you will be comfortable using the Past Perfect Continuous Tense in your daily conversations.
00:25The Past Perfect Continuous Tense is used for an action that started in the past and continued up until another
00:32event or another time in the past.
00:35Now let us look at the structure.
00:37The formula is subject plus had plus been plus the verb in its ing form, also called before, plus the
00:46object.
00:47For example, I had been drinking coffee.
00:52Here, I is the subject, had been is the helping verb, drinking is the main verb in its ing form,
01:01and coffee is the object.
01:03Now let us look at the signal words or blue words that tell us to use the Past Perfect Continuous
01:08Tense.
01:09These words are for, since, before, and all day.
01:13Whenever you see these words in a sentence about past actions, it is a strong hint to use this tense.
01:19Also, sometimes we use the Past Perfect Continuous Tense to show cause and effect.
01:24For example, John was tired because he had been jogging for two hours.
01:29Here, the jogging is the cause, and being tired is the effect.
01:33Another example, Peter got good marks because he had been studying hard.
01:37The studying is the cause, and getting good marks is the effect.
01:40Now we will go through the positive or affirmative sentences.
01:43We will practice the Past Perfect Continuous Tense with all subjects.
01:48That means, I, you, he, she, we, and they.
01:53Pay close attention to how the structure remains the same and only the subject changes.
01:58Let us start with the subject, I.
02:01Sentence 1.
02:02I had been preparing for six months by the time exam started.
02:06Sentence 2.
02:08I had been driving the car for three days when the accident happened.
02:12Sentence 3.
02:13I had been working in Chennai for ten years by the time I retired.
02:18Sentence 4.
02:19I had been teaching at NEO since I completed my degree.
02:23Sentence 5.
02:25I had been studying since seven o'clock that day morning.
02:29Sentence 6.
02:31I had been learning English for six months when I left for the USA.
02:35Continuing with the subject, I.
02:38Sentence 7.
02:39I had been waiting here for two hours by the time bus arrived.
02:42Sentence 8.
02:44I had been playing tennis for only 20 minutes when the rain started.
02:48Sentence 9.
02:49I had been talking for over an hour before Peter arrived.
02:52Sentence 10.
02:53I had been sitting here alone at my home all day yesterday.
02:56Sentence 11.
02:58I had been watching television since five o'clock yesterday evening.
03:01Sentence 12.
03:02I had been sleeping for seven hours by this time yesterday.
03:05Now let us use the subject, you.
03:08Sentence 1.
03:09You had been working in Chennai for ten years by the time you retired.
03:14Sentence 2.
03:15You had been studying since seven o'clock that day morning.
03:18Sentence 3.
03:20You had been learning English for six months when you left for the USA.
03:25Sentence 4.
03:26You had been talking for over an hour before Peter arrived.
03:30Sentence 5.
03:31You had been watching television since five o'clock yesterday evening.
03:35Notice that the structure remains the same.
03:38Only the subject has changed from I to you.
03:41Now let us practice with the subject, hey.
03:44You can replace he with, my brother, your brother, John, or any male name.
03:50Sentence 1.
03:51He had been preparing for six months by the time exam started.
03:55Sentence 2.
03:56He had been driving the car for three days when the accident happened.
04:01Sentence 3.
04:02He had been working in Chennai for ten years by the time he retired.
04:07Sentence 4.
04:08He had been teaching at NEO since he completed his degree.
04:12Sentence 5.
04:13He had been studying since seven o'clock that day morning.
04:17Sentence 6.
04:18He had been learning English for six months when he left for the USA.
04:23Continuing with he.
04:24Sentence 7.
04:25Sentence 7.
04:26He had been waiting here for two hours by the time bus arrived.
04:29Sentence 8.
04:30He had been playing tennis for only twenty minutes when the rain started.
04:35Sentence 9.
04:36He had been talking for over an hour before Peter arrived.
04:41Sentence 10.
04:42He had been sitting here alone at his home all day yesterday.
04:46Sentence 11.
04:48He had been watching television since five o'clock yesterday evening.
04:52Sentence 12.
04:53He had been sleeping for seven hours by this time yesterday.
04:57Now let us practice with the subject, she.
05:00You can replace she with, my sister, your sister, Mary, or any female name.
05:06Sentence 1.
05:07Sentence 1.
05:08She had been preparing for six months by the time exam started.
05:12Sentence 2.
05:13She had been driving the car for three days when the accident happened.
05:18Sentence 3.
05:19She had been working in Chenyo for ten years by the time she retired.
05:23Sentence 4.
05:25She had been teaching at NU since she completed her degree.
05:29Sentence 5.
05:30She had been studying since seven o'clock that day morning.
05:33Sentence 6.
05:34She had been learning English for six months when she left for the USA.
05:39Continuing with she.
05:40Sentence 7.
05:41She had been waiting here for two hours by the time bus arrived.
05:44Sentence 8.
05:45She had been playing tennis for only twenty minutes when the rain started.
05:50Sentence 9.
05:51She had been talking for over an hour before Peter arrived.
05:54Sentence 10.
05:55She had been sitting here alone at her home all day yesterday.
05:59Sentence 11.
06:00She had been watching television since five o'clock yesterday evening.
06:04Sentence 12.
06:05She had been sleeping for seven hours by this time yesterday.
06:09Now let us use the subject, we.
06:11You can also say, my brother and I, or John and I.
06:15Sentence 1.
06:16We had been preparing for six months by the time exam started.
06:20Sentence 2.
06:21We had been driving the car for three days when the accident happened.
06:25Sentence 3.
06:26We had been working in Chennai for ten years by the time we retired.
06:30Sentence 4.
06:31We had been teaching at Nyo since we completed our degree.
06:35Sentence 5.
06:37We had been studying since seven o'clock that day morning.
06:41Sentence 6.
06:42We had been learning English for six months when we left for the USA.
06:45Continuing with we.
06:47Sentence 7.
06:48We had been waiting here for two hours by the time bus arrived.
06:53Sentence 8.
06:54We had been playing tennis for only twenty minutes when the rain started.
06:58Sentence 9.
06:59We had been talking for over an hour before Peter arrived.
07:03Sentence 10.
07:04We had been sitting here alone at our home all day yesterday.
07:08Sentence 11.
07:09We had been watching television since five o'clock yesterday evening.
07:13Sentence 12.
07:14We had been sleeping for seven hours by this time yesterday.
07:17Now let us use the subject, day.
07:19You can also say, my friends, your friends, or John and Mary.
07:24Sentence 1.
07:25They had been preparing for six months by the time exams started.
07:30Sentence 2.
07:31They had been driving the car for three days when the accident happened.
07:35Sentence 3.
07:36They had been working in Chennai for ten years by the time they retired.
07:41Sentence 4.
07:42They had been teaching at Nyo since they completed their degree.
07:46Sentence 5.
07:48They had been studying since seven o'clock that day morning.
07:52Sentence 6.
07:53They had been learning English for six months when they left for the USA.
07:57Continuing with day.
07:59Sentence 7.
08:00They had been waiting here for two hours by the time bus arrived.
08:03Sentence 8.
08:05They had been playing tennis for only twenty minutes when the rain started.
08:09Sentence 9.
08:10They had been talking for over an hour before Peter arrived.
08:13Sentence 10.
08:15They had been sitting here alone at their home all day yesterday.
08:18Sentence 11.
08:19They had been watching television since five o'clock yesterday evening.
08:23Sentence 12.
08:24They had been sleeping for seven hours by this time yesterday.
08:28Excellent work so far.
08:29Now we will move on to positive questions.
08:32In this section, we will learn how to form questions using the past perfect continuous tense.
08:38Notice that in questions, hat comes before the subject.
08:41Let us start with questions using the subject, I.
08:44Notice that, in questions, hat comes first, then the subject, then been, then the verb, in its ing form.
08:52Question 1.
08:54Had I been working in Chennai for ten years by the time I retired?
08:58Question 2.
08:59Had I been studying since seven o'clock that day morning?
09:03Question 3.
09:04Had I been playing tennis for only twenty minutes when the rain started?
09:08Question 4.
09:10Had I been sleeping for seven hours by this time yesterday?
09:12Now let us form questions with the subject, you.
09:15Question 1.
09:16Had you been preparing for six months by the time exams started?
09:19Question 2.
09:20Had you been driving the car for three days when the accident happened?
09:24Question 3.
09:25Had you been working in Chennai for ten years by the time you retired?
09:29Question 4.
09:30Had you been teaching at Nios since you completed your degree?
09:33Question 5.
09:35Had you been studying since seven o'clock that day morning?
09:39Question 6.
09:40Had you been learning English for six months when you left for the USA?
09:43Continuing with you.
09:44Question 7.
09:46Had you been waiting here for two hours by the time bus arrived?
09:50Question 8.
09:51Had you been playing tennis for only twenty minutes when the rain started?
09:55Question 9.
09:56Had you been talking for over an hour before John arrived?
09:59Question 10.
10:00Had you been sitting here alone at your home all day yesterday?
10:04Question 11.
10:05Had you been watching television since five o'clock yesterday evening?
10:09Question 12.
10:10Had you been sleeping for seven hours by this time yesterday?
10:13Now questions with the subject, yes.
10:16Question 1.
10:17Had he been preparing for six months by the time exam started?
10:21Question 2.
10:22Had he been driving the car for three days when the accident happened?
10:27Question 3.
10:28Had he been working in Chennai for ten years by the time he retired?
10:33Question 4.
10:34Had he been teaching at NEO since he completed his degree?
10:39Question 5.
10:40Had he been studying since seven o'clock that day morning?
10:44Question 6.
10:46Had he been learning English for six months when he left for the USA?
10:49Continuing questions with he.
10:52Question 7.
10:53Had he been waiting here for two hours by the time bus arrived?
10:57Question 8.
10:58Had he been playing tennis for only twenty minutes when the rain started?
11:02Question 9.
11:04Had he been talking for over an hour before John arrived?
11:08Question 10.
11:09Had he been sitting here alone at his home all day yesterday?
11:12Question 11.
11:14Had he been watching television since five o'clock yesterday evening?
11:17Question 12.
11:19Had he been sleeping for seven hours by this time yesterday?
11:22Now questions with the subject she.
11:25Question 1.
11:26Had she been preparing for six months by the time exam started?
11:29Question 2.
11:30Had she been driving the car for three days when the accident happened?
11:34Question 3.
11:36Had she been working in Chennai for ten years by the time she retired?
11:39Question 4.
11:41Had she been teaching at NEO since she completed her degree?
11:45Question 5.
11:46Had she been studying since seven o'clock that day morning?
11:50Question 6.
11:52Had she been learning English for six months when she left for the USA?
11:56Continuing questions with she.
11:58Question 7.
11:59Had she been waiting here for two hours by the time bus arrived?
12:02Question 8.
12:04Had she been playing tennis for only twenty minutes when the rain started?
12:07Question 9.
12:09Had she been talking for over an hour before John arrived?
12:12Question 10.
12:13Had she been sitting here alone at her home all day yesterday?
12:17Question 11.
12:18Had she been watching television since five o'clock yesterday evening?
12:22Question 12.
12:24Had she been sleeping for seven hours by this time yesterday?
12:27Now questions with the subject we.
12:30Question 1.
12:31Had we been working in Chennai for ten years by the time we retired?
12:35Question 2.
12:36Had we been studying since seven o'clock that day morning?
12:39Question 3.
12:41Had we been playing tennis for only twenty minutes when the rain started?
12:45Question 4.
12:47Had we been sleeping for seven hours by this time yesterday?
12:50Now questions with the subject, day.
12:52Question 1.
12:54Had they been preparing for six months by the time exam started?
12:57Question 2.
12:58Had they been driving the car for three days when the accident happened?
13:02Question 3.
13:04Had they been working in Chennai for ten years by the time they retired?
13:08Question 4.
13:10Had they been teaching at NEO since they completed their degree?
13:13Question 5.
13:15Had they been studying since seven o'clock that day morning?
13:19Question 6.
13:20Had they been learning English for six months when they left for the USA?
13:24Continuing questions with day.
13:26Question 7.
13:27Had they been waiting here for two hours by the time bus arrived?
13:32Question 8.
13:33Had they been playing tennis for only twenty minutes when the rain started?
13:37Question 9.
13:38Had they been talking for over an hour before John arrived?
13:41Question 10.
13:42Had they been sitting here alone at their home all day yesterday?
13:46Question 11.
13:47Had they been watching television since five o'clock yesterday evening?
13:51Question 12.
13:52Had they been sleeping for seven hours by this time yesterday?
13:55Great progress so far?
13:56Now let us look at some commonly used sentences in daily life.
14:00These are real-world examples that will help you understand how the past perfect continuous
14:05tense is used in everyday conversations.
14:07Here are some commonly used sentences.
14:10Sentence 1.
14:11I had been flying for twelve hours before I finally reached London.
14:16Sentence 2.
14:17I had been playing cricket for a few minutes when the rain started.
14:21Sentence 3.
14:22I had been working in Chennai for five years by the time I retired.
14:26Sentence 4.
14:27I had been waiting for two hours by the time I got on the bus.
14:31Sentence 5.
14:32I had been sleeping for twelve hours when he woke me up.
14:36Sentence 6.
14:36I had been practicing for two months before the match conducted.
14:41More daily life sentences.
14:43Sentence 7.
14:44My neighbor's dog had been barking all morning.
14:47Sentence 8.
14:48It had been raining hard in here all night last night.
14:52Sentence 9.
14:53He said that he had been working since that day morning.
14:57Sentence 10.
14:58She said that she had been doing shopping for two hours.
15:02Sentence 11.
15:03I was tired because I had been working for several hours.
15:08Sentence 12.
15:10I fell asleep because I had been reading all night last night.
15:14Notice how the last two sentences show cause and effect.
15:17Before we finish, here are some important practice notes.
15:21Note 1.
15:22Practice all the verbs we covered today with different subjects.
15:25Use you, he, she, it, we, and they.
15:30Note 2.
15:32Also, practice forming negative sentences, questions, and negative questions using these
15:37same verbs.
15:39And always remember the structure.
15:41Subject, plus had, plus been, plus the verb in its ing form, plus the object.
15:47Thank you for watching this lesson on the past perfect continuous tense.
15:50Let us quickly recap what we learned today.
15:53The past perfect continuous tense is used for actions that started in the past and continued
15:58up until another time or event in the past.
16:01The structure is subject, plus had, plus been, plus the verb in its ing form, plus the object.
16:08We practiced positive sentences and positive questions with all subjects.
16:12We also learned some commonly used sentences in daily life.
16:17Keep practicing and you will master this tense in no time.
16:20See you in the next lesson.
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