00:01The future perfect is up next.
00:04Here's how to form the future perfect.
00:07This one is a little bit more complicated, so you have to be careful.
00:11We have will have for this one plus the past participle, the PP.
00:17For example, left leave is the verb and leave is an irregular verb.
00:23So you have leave left left.
00:25So the third one is the past participle.
00:30So she will have left.
00:33Okay, bye.
00:34And the other one arrived.
00:37Arrived is a regular verb.
00:40So arrive, arrived, arrived.
00:42The third one is the past participle.
00:44Once again, it does look like the simple past, but it is the past participle.
00:50So he will have arrived.
00:52Now, the negative form will not have.
00:57I will not have left or I won't have left the party.
01:02The future perfect is a very useful verb tense.
01:06Here it is.
01:07So we use it for completed actions before a specific time in the future.
01:13So the actions have to be completed.
01:16Here's an example.
01:17She will have left the office by 6 p.m.
01:21This is pretty easy to understand.
01:24So she will have left the office by 6 p.m.
01:28You see 6 p.m. is in blue right here.
01:31Okay, 6 p.m.
01:32And it's the blue X here.
01:34So she will have left.
01:37This action has been completed.
01:39She's gone.
01:40And then it's 6 p.m.
01:45Lucky you.
01:46The future perfect has only three different uses.
01:49So here they are.
01:51One, two, and three.
01:52Let's take each one and I'll give you many examples.
01:56So the first one.
01:57Action completed before specific time in the future.
02:01Here's another example.
02:02By 10 p.m.
02:04I will have finished my homework.
02:06So 10 p.m. is the blue X and the finishing of the homework is the red X on the
02:12timeline.
02:14Many cities will have adopted electric public transportation systems by 2040.
02:20So 2040 is the blue X and many cities will have already adopted electric public transportation systems with the red
02:31X.
02:32So before 2040.
02:36Actions completed before another future action.
02:41Here we go.
02:42Liz will have left the office by the time you arrive.
02:46So Liz, you see her, she's leaving the office.
02:49So Liz will have left the office.
02:53It's completed by the time you arrive.
02:58So the first one is finished.
03:00Liz is gone and then you will arrive.
03:05By the time I get to the airport, the plane will have taken off.
03:10So you see the picture is pretty clear.
03:13The little guy has just arrived at the airport,
03:17but the plane is already in the sky.
03:20It has already taken off.
03:23Number three, expressing duration until a point in the future, but that's only for state verbs.
03:30Be careful with this one.
03:31It's a challenging one.
03:34By this winter, we will have known each other for five years.
03:38Okay.
03:39So duration for five years.
03:41So if we take a look at the graph, we're going to see this.
03:45By this winter, the blue X is this winter.
03:49We will have known each other for five years.
03:53So maybe now we are in the summer.
03:57So it's been four and a half years that we have known each other.
04:02But by this winter, we will have known each other for five years exactly.
04:09I will have owned my house for 10 years by the end of this month.
04:14So the end of this month is in blue right here.
04:19And I will have owned my house for 10 years.
04:24So it's been 10 years, but minus a few days.
04:28And then by the end of this month, it will have been exactly 10 years.
04:33A future perfect.
04:35It is used to talk about a completed action before a future point.
04:41Here's an example.
04:43He will have finished his homework before bedtime.
04:47Oh, you see here, the homework will be finished.
04:51And then it's going to be bedtime.
04:54So before bedtime, the homework will be finished.
04:59Two separate points in the future.
05:01One is an action.
05:03The second one could be an action.
05:04Or just a time.
05:06Or a specific point in time.
05:09Bedtime, for example.
05:11Finished is a regular verb.
05:14Whereas done is an irregular verb.
05:17You can also say, he will have done his homework before bedtime.
05:21If you want to use a contraction, you can say, he'll have finished his homework.
05:28He'll have done his homework.
05:30Once again, they are all the same.
05:34All the pronouns are the same.
05:36Nothing changes here.
05:37The negative form.
05:39He will not have finished his homework before bedtime.
05:43He will not have done his homework before bedtime.
05:48The contraction.
05:50He won't have finished.
05:52He won't have done his homework before bedtime.
05:56How about the question.
05:58Will he have finished his homework before bedtime?
06:03And the negative question.
06:05Won't he have finished his homework before bedtime?
06:09You know what the negative question means.
06:12And you can add a question word in front to make an information question.
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