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00:00Music
00:29Music
00:31Brothers, when we began the study of the Synoptic Gospels, we highlighted as a fundamental theme that the Jewish people were distinguished from the rest of the peoples by the fact that while all the peoples of antiquity clearly distinguished between the laws concerning God and his worship,
00:56and the social or coexistence laws. Israel affirms that all its laws, both those related to worship and those relating to social relations with its fellow human beings, have God as their author.
01:13Among the peoples surrounding Israel, God is distinguished as the author of the laws relating to worship, his servants, and perhaps his temple.
01:25But everything related to the relationships between citizens of a society comes from the will of the State or the King.
01:36Israel does not view the laws in this way. For the Jewish people, obedience and service to God are achieved by obeying the laws relating to worship, just as the laws relating to social life are.
01:53interpersonal relationships, business responsibilities, and similar topics.
02:02From this perspective we can say that the Jews place their entire lives under divine authority.
02:12Everything that the Jews accepted as law for daily life, they considered to be emanating from God.
02:19A Jew can only please God in his daily life by doing everything required by the law of Moses.
02:32In other words, for Jews all dimensions of daily life are on the same level as the worship of God.
02:41In other words, God is not only worshipped by visiting his temple, celebrating his festivals, or offering sacrifices, but also by practicing justice.
02:55helping the poor and assisting the needy, also using fair scales, forgiving debts in the jubilee and many other similar things.
03:07Taking this into account, and always remembering that Jesus was a pure-blooded Jew raised in an extremely pious family,
03:18We cannot overlook the fact that He Himself will assume this vision and will demand it of those who follow Him and profess love and loyalty to Him.
03:30Infidelity to God does not only occur when the rules of worship or sacrifices are not respected,
03:39when one falls into impurity or the sin of apostasy or irreligion,
03:46but when we fail to practice justice, when we fail to help the poor or the needy,
03:53when we rig the scales or sell bran as wheat,
03:58when we are desperate to sell what we have stolen or ill-gotten.
04:04Brothers, within a framework about the religious life of the Jewish people,
04:09There is a rebuke from God to Israel through the prophet Isaiah.
04:14We know the text; we have heard it in our Lenten celebrations.
04:19The text deals with the topic of communal fasting.
04:24The people wonder what the point of fasting is if God doesn't pay attention.
04:30if he does not turn his gaze to the people, who with apparent piety dedicate a day of fasting to him,
04:36He dresses in sackcloth and covers himself with ashes.
04:40Well, in response to this somewhat unsettling question, God answers them and says,
04:47This is the fast I desire, to break the unjust chains,
04:53loosen the bonds of the yoke, set the oppressed free, and break every yoke,
05:01share your bread with the hungry, welcome the homeless into your home,
05:08Clothe those you see naked and do not abandon your fellow human beings.
05:13This text already foreshadows what we will see in the so-called final or eschatological judgment of chapter 25 of Saint Matthew.
05:23As we already said, the Jewish law that the Israelites confessed was given by God to Moses at Sinai.
05:32It encompasses all areas of human life.
05:35For them, all the commandments relating to God and neighbor have the same author and source,
05:43Yahweh, the God who brought them out of Egypt and gave them the land he promised by oath to Abraham.
05:51Jewish law, as understood by the people of Israel,
05:56It encompasses all the trivialities of life and creation,
05:59And in obedience to these laws, the people demonstrate their faithfulness to God.
06:07It is with this vision that we understand that statement of Jesus.
06:12He who is faithful in small things is faithful in large things.
06:17And he who is unfaithful in insignificant matters is unfaithful in important matters.
06:22Because faithfulness to God is lived out in all aspects of life,
06:28and not only in religious aspects.
06:31This teaches us that according to the Jewish view, and of course, also the Christian one,
06:37All aspects of daily life must be submitted to the will of God.
06:42and to find fulfillment by seeking to be faithful and obedient to Him in every situation and circumstance of life.
06:52Brothers, let us make clear the Christian and Jewish visions
06:57They never separate daily life from the worship of God,
07:01and they are not two separate or opposing entities.
07:05Jewish and Christian life are lived in worship,
07:09and they are experienced in the events of each day.
07:13We can see this in the New Testament,
07:15from John the Baptist, who announces a conversion and baptizes those who accept his invitation.
07:24In the Gospel of Luke, the Baptist is presented as not baptizing,
07:29but rather by inviting people to take concrete actions,
07:34that correspond to his call to conversion.
07:38The series of questions begins,
07:42because John had previously announced that the axe was already at the root of the trees,
07:48and those that did not bear good fruit would be pulled up and thrown into the fire.
07:55When people ask John the Baptist,
07:59What do we have to do?
08:01Juan does not list a series of cultural actions for them,
08:04He does not send them to the temple to offer sacrifices,
08:08He does not ask them to fast,
08:10nor that they perform purification rites.
08:13He suggests they carry out a series of concrete actions related to daily life.
08:20He tells ordinary people,
08:23whoever has two tunics,
08:25share them with those who have nothing,
08:27whoever has food,
08:29that he does the same.
08:30To the tax collectors who asked him about specific actions to bear fruit worthy of repentance,
08:39he asks them,
08:40Do not demand more than what has been established for you.
08:44And to the soldiers who ask him about themselves,
08:48They recommend,
08:50Do not extort anyone.
08:52Don't make false accusations and be content with your salary.
08:56Likewise, brothers,
08:59The prophets of the Old Testament never cease to draw the people's attention
09:04when he focuses his attention on worship and forgets his responsibility to his brother.
09:11Chapter 19 of the Book of Leviticus is very illustrative here.
09:16a highly enlightening text,
09:18because unlike the laws contained in Exodus 20 and Deuteronomy 5,
09:25They are not presented in any order of importance,
09:30where the laws relating to obligations to God are first presented
09:36and then the laws relating to one's neighbor,
09:41This is where the concept of the two tablets of the law originates,
09:45one relating to the commandments about God,
09:49Commandments 1, 2, and 3
09:52and the table relating to one's neighbor with the rest of the commandments.
09:57Thank you!
09:59Thank you!
10:00Thank you!