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00:00The Letter of Jude
00:07The letter of Jude is a warning about the conduct of some who, belonging to the church, lead a dissolute life.
00:17The author announces divine punishment and exhorts others to remain faithful in faith and in wholesome conduct.
00:25The author identifies himself as Judas, brother of James, who seems to be at odds with a Jewish environment that has broken with the world, due to the dark activities of certain ungodly people who have placed themselves among the Christians.
00:45This short piece of writing has been aptly described as more of an anti-heretical leaflet than a letter.
00:55The dedication of the letter reads as follows:
01:02Those whom God the Father loves and has called, who are protected by Jesus Christ.
01:11Who are these people called?
01:12This issue is clarified by the context.
01:17It's not all Christians in the world, but those from a particular church.
01:23Several commentators believe that the Epistle of Saint Jude was addressed to the same churches in Asia Minor to which Peter wrote his epistle.
01:34According to these commentators, this opinion should be retained because both epistles condemn the same errors and also because Jude seems to have known the second epistle of Peter.
01:49However, there are objections to this, and some scholars find in the Epistle of Jude several reasons to believe that it was addressed not to the Gentile Christians of Asia Minor, but to the Hebrew Christians of Palestine or a neighboring country.
02:09This letter opens with a self-introduction.
02:14Jude, servant of Jesus Christ and brother of James.
02:19This James must be identified with the one responsible for the church of Jerusalem that Paul speaks of in the letter to the Galatians and whose actions we have reference to in the book of the acts of the apostles.
02:34However, even though this relationship exists, we have no further information to help us identify the author of the letter, although we can say that he must have been a person well-versed in Hellenic culture.
02:53As we have already said, it is a leaflet and therefore we cannot expect a very detailed argument.
03:02This writing is relatively concise and agile.
03:07In broad terms, the text is divided as follows.
03:10Verses 1 to 2, greeting.
03:15Verses 3 to 4, denunciation of the conduct of some.
03:20Verses 5-16, announcement of divine punishment.
03:25Verses 17-23, exhortation to faithfulness.
03:31Verses 24-25, final praise to God.
03:36Regarding this letter, His Holiness Benedict XVI comments.
03:42In the midst of all temptations, with all the currents of modern life, we must preserve the identity of our faith.
03:51Certainly, it is necessary to continue with firm constancy the path of indulgence and dialogue that the Second Vatican Council happily embarked upon.
04:02But this much-needed path of dialogue should not make us forget the duty to always keep in mind and emphasize with equal force the fundamental and inalienable lines of our Christian identity.
04:18On the other hand, it is essential to keep in mind that our identity demands strength, clarity, and courage in the face of the contradictions of the world in which we live.
04:30Therefore, the text of the letter continues as follows.
04:34But you, dear ones, he speaks to all of us: build yourselves up on your most holy faith, weeping in the Holy Spirit.
04:44Remain in the love of God, waiting for the mercy of our Lord Jesus Christ unto eternal life. And to those who doubt, try to win them over.
04:54The letter concludes with these beautiful words.
04:58To him who is able to keep you from stumbling and to present you before his glorious presence without fault and with joy.
05:06To the only God, our Savior, through Jesus Christ our Lord.
05:11Glory, majesty, strength, and power, before all time, now and forever. Amen.
05:18It is clear that the author of these lines lives his faith to the full, to which great realities such as moral integrity and joy, trust and finally praise belong.
05:33All of this is motivated solely by the goodness of our one God and by the mercy of our Lord Jesus Christ.
05:41It is difficult to establish the exact date when Jude wrote his epistle, but the doctrines he attacks and the relaxation of morals seem to indicate the end of the apostolic era.
05:58On the other hand, Jude appears to have been written before the year 70.
06:03Otherwise, in verses 5 through 7 he would have spoken of the destruction of Jerusalem.
06:08In these verses the author mentions the different punishments applied to the wicked and therefore in his exhortation to the Hebrew Christians he could not have overlooked such a terrible calamity.
06:24As for the location, we can only speculate, but we prefer the opinion that the epistle was written in Palestine and probably in Jerusalem, although it is definitely an open question.
06:38The similarity of thought and language between the Epistle of Jude and the Second Letter of Peter is enough to assure that one of the two writers borrowed from the other.
06:55The hypothesis that both writers borrowed from a common document should be dismissed as it has no basis.
07:05The question remains: which of the twelve epistles preceded the other?
07:11There are a number of reasons that have inclined exegesis in favor of a clear priority of Jude over the second letter of Peter.
07:20Between the texts of these two documents there are a series of parallels that cover virtually all verses with few exceptions.
07:32In 2 Peter chapter 2 verse 1, the appearance of false teachers is mentioned, while in Jude it appears in verse 4.
07:41Chapter 2 verse 4, punishment of the sinful angels, in Jude verse 6.
07:50Chapter 2 verse 6, condemnation of Sodom and Gomorrah, in Jude verse 7.
07:58Chapter 2 verse 9, the righteous saved, the ungodly condemned, in Jude verse 5.
08:09Chapter 2 verse 10, carnal debauchery of the intruders, in Jude verses 7 and 8.
08:19Chapter 2 verse 11, nor do angels dare to act like them, in Jude verse 9.
08:28Chapter 2 verse 12, they behave like animals without reason, in Jude verse 10.
08:38Chapter 2 verse 13, they abuse in communal meals, in Jude verse 12.
08:47Chapter 2 verse 15, they fall into Balaam's betrayal, in Jude verse 11.
08:55Chapter 2 verse 17, are like springs without water, in Jude verse 13.
09:05Chapter 3 verse 2, remembrance of the prophets and apostles, in Jude verse 17.
09:14Chapter 3 verse 3, were scheduled to appear, in Jude verse 18.
09:23The texts from the second letter of Peter that are not in Jude are speeches against the false teachers.
09:31or they allude to some biblical example that Judas does not have, such as when he mentions Noah and Lot.
09:39In short, the central core of Jude is also found in the second letter of Peter,
09:45And if we exclude the greeting and the final doxology, there are very few verses in this letter without a parallel.