La struttura dalle origini, l'identità, il simbolismo e la ritualità, lo stragismo, il ruolo delle donne, il potere economico e criminale, il fenomeno del pentitismo, le analogie e le differenze tra le varie organizzazionio criminali. Un'accurata analisi per conoscere e approfondire in tutti i suoi molteplici aspetti il fenomeno mafioso dalle sue origini ad oggi.
Il codice d’onore di Cosa Nostra ha lasciato alle donne un ruolo essenzialmente domestico, familiare.
Accanto ai propri uomini, ai figli, ai fratelli, le donne d’onore mantengono la fedeltà al clan e alla famiglia, una dedizione che non deve essere mai sottratta, eppure nel tempo, il ruolo di queste donne è cambiato. Alcune di loro hanno avuto un impulso di ribellione verso quelle leggi criminali, altre al contrario, ne sono totalmente devote.
In questa lezione Pietro Grasso, ex Procuratore Nazionale antimafia, ci chiarisce il compito delle donne all’interno di Cosa Nostra.
The structure from its origins, its identity, symbolism and rituals, massacres, the role of women, economic and criminal power, the phenomenon of repentance, the similarities and differences between various criminal organizations. A thorough analysis to understand and explore all its many facets of the Mafia phenomenon from its origins to the present.
The Cosa Nostra code of honor has left women with an essentially domestic, family role.
Alongside their men, sons, and brothers, women of honor maintain loyalty to the clan and family, a dedication that must never be compromised. Yet over time, the role of these women has changed. Some of them have felt an impulse to rebel against those criminal laws, others, on the contrary, are totally devoted to them.
In this lesson, Pietro Grasso, former National Anti-Mafia Prosecutor, clarifies the role of women within Cosa Nostra.
#Antimafia #Mafia #CosaNostra #LezioniDiMafia #GiovanniFalcone
||
#Crime #TrueCrime #DivinumCrime
https://www.dailymotion.com/DivinumCrime
Il codice d’onore di Cosa Nostra ha lasciato alle donne un ruolo essenzialmente domestico, familiare.
Accanto ai propri uomini, ai figli, ai fratelli, le donne d’onore mantengono la fedeltà al clan e alla famiglia, una dedizione che non deve essere mai sottratta, eppure nel tempo, il ruolo di queste donne è cambiato. Alcune di loro hanno avuto un impulso di ribellione verso quelle leggi criminali, altre al contrario, ne sono totalmente devote.
In questa lezione Pietro Grasso, ex Procuratore Nazionale antimafia, ci chiarisce il compito delle donne all’interno di Cosa Nostra.
The structure from its origins, its identity, symbolism and rituals, massacres, the role of women, economic and criminal power, the phenomenon of repentance, the similarities and differences between various criminal organizations. A thorough analysis to understand and explore all its many facets of the Mafia phenomenon from its origins to the present.
The Cosa Nostra code of honor has left women with an essentially domestic, family role.
Alongside their men, sons, and brothers, women of honor maintain loyalty to the clan and family, a dedication that must never be compromised. Yet over time, the role of these women has changed. Some of them have felt an impulse to rebel against those criminal laws, others, on the contrary, are totally devoted to them.
In this lesson, Pietro Grasso, former National Anti-Mafia Prosecutor, clarifies the role of women within Cosa Nostra.
#Antimafia #Mafia #CosaNostra #LezioniDiMafia #GiovanniFalcone
||
#Crime #TrueCrime #DivinumCrime
https://www.dailymotion.com/DivinumCrime
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TVTrascrizione
00:13My name is Pietro Grasso and I grew up in Palermo, an important city for the choices
00:21of my life. Since 2005 I have been the national anti-mafia prosecutor, so I went from
00:30trench of the Palermo prosecutor's office at the headquarters in Rome, where the news arrives
00:36from all fronts, the trends and new activities of the mafia are studied, plans are developed
00:42the techniques and strategies needed to combat it.
01:10It has always been thought that women had a privileged position in the mafia organisation.
01:17subordinate, consistent with the typical roles of Sicilian society, such as the
01:24Machismo and patriarchy. The Cosa Nostra code of honor left women a role
01:33essentially domestic, familiar. Loyalty to the clan and to the family was never to be lacking,
01:41yet over time this role has increasingly changed.
01:48While the principles of Cosa Nostra remain firm, women have taken on different roles, alongside
01:58of their husbands, their children, their brothers, but sometimes also in positions of rebellion
02:07towards the organization. Today, in this mafia lesson, we will address the various
02:16women's roles. Devout women, those who stand by their families,
02:25the women who are organic to the organization, the women of honor we could call them, and finally
02:33rebellious women. Women's behavior within their respective families is
02:43very different states. In the first phase we will deal with devout women, those women who are
02:53close to their family, who are silent, caring, who are all dedicated to maintaining
03:02what their man has created, the status of the man of honor, because that status comes
03:09also transferred to his wife.
03:14They're telling me he's honest, that's what you have to say, honest.
03:18Why did they come to the point of killing Russo?
03:21And ask the police.
03:24And a little bit of carabinieri
03:27But he's the boss of the fig.
03:28He's not the boss.
03:29And what is it?
03:30He's a gentleman.
03:31Poor man.
03:32A gentleman.
03:33Poor old man.
03:33The rules of Cosa Nostra can only enforce the respect of the man of honor's woman.
03:42and this explains why so many times so many wives have opposed the collaboration of their men
03:52because this meant losing the status of respect that society attributed to them.
04:00A shining example is the women of the Buffa family who staged a scene during the maxi-trial
04:09a protest against the president who was leading the debate saying that the
04:17their relative, Vincenzo Buffa, was mistreated to push him to collaborate.
04:24In this way they certainly prevented him from becoming repentant.
04:28there were many women because they were all linked by mafia ties.
04:33Buffa's wife, Buffa's sister, and all her sisters-in-law were present.
04:40who were also married to men of honor.
04:45Kindly, she must go out.
04:50Let them out.
04:52But you really are...
04:54The hearing is suspended for 5 minutes.
04:58We are faced with situations of open dissociation with the choices of their loved ones very often as
05:05happened to the sister of Tommaso Buscetta, whose son-in-law had also been killed, some
05:13brothers and who, having become a widow, launched her own anathema against her relative Don Masino, precisely
05:22renouncing his choice and showing more loyalty to the mafia than to his family.
05:33Likewise, the very young wives of the De Filippo brothers, two key collaborators
05:40for the capture of the fugitive Luluca Bagarella, they went so far as to disown their husbands
05:47so much so that one of the two, Agata, even attempted suicide because of too much shame, she said
05:54to be considered a scoundrel too.
05:57After all, they were women who were daughters of mafiosi and therefore suffered in their environment
06:05this contempt from the social context in which they were accustomed to living.
06:11Instead, in perfect harmony with her status as a woman of honor, we can say, Ninetta Bagarella,
06:20wife of Totò Riina, who proposed forced residence in 1971, in an interview
06:28to the journalist Mario Francese, also killed in 1979 by the mafia, he said that the mafia did not exist
06:37and that it was all an invention of the newspapers to be able to sell more copies.
06:41Yet women have often been forced to marry young men against their will.
06:49A sort of marriage of convenience that served to cement alliances between mafia families,
06:56a bit like what happened in the past for the nobility or for the dynasties of industrialists.
07:02Loyalty to Cosa Nostra is an innate feeling, which women have developed since they were little girls.
07:09They are forced to face up to their challenges. They must show respect to their fathers, their brothers, their men,
07:18to grandparents, uncles and to offer themselves as promised brides to the rising heirs of other mafia families.
07:29You certainly can't betray your comrade, because betraying your comrade means betraying Cosa Nostra.
07:39And they are thus responsible for the mafia ethics.
07:46Also because a woman who cheats is absolutely not trustworthy.
07:52He could also betray the organization by letting slip some words he overheard at home
08:01which certainly should not be known to the outside world.
08:06I remember the story of a young woman, Rosalia Pipitone, who ran a small tobacconist's.
08:13When her father, a mafia boss, learned that she was having an affair with a second cousin,
08:23he did not hesitate for a moment in giving the order to kill her.
08:27And he did it in a very particular way, in the sense that he simulated a robbery.
08:33to prevent the investigation from linking the woman's death to a family motive.
08:40But everyone in the environment knew that she had died as a woman who had betrayed the family honor.
08:51Honor killing to save the family's honor.
08:56Like the case of Vincenzina Marchese, a case worthy of a Greek tragedy.
09:03Vincenzina Marchese had married Leoluca Bagarella.
09:08This was considered not a marriage to bind families, but a true love marriage.
09:17Yet the woman was hit in her status, because after a few weeks of marriage,
09:26his brother, Pino Marchese, Totò Riina's most trusted man,
09:32who had been kept secret for a long time and even acted as a driver for Totò Riina,
09:38he began to collaborate with the magistrates.
09:43Vincenzina's death saved Bagarella from being the brother-in-law of an infamous person, a repentant.
09:52But there were also other reasons that led to the suicide of Vincenzina Marchese in 1994.
10:02She thought that after having suffered several miscarriages, that providence would not be able to let her have children,
10:12precisely because he had been, with the involvement of her husband, kidnapped, strangled and dissolved in acid,
10:22little Di Matteo, the son of the justice collaborator Di Matteo.
10:28She also had depression because of the fear that her husband would be caught,
10:37to the point that he was always with a radio connected to those of the police, the carabinieri,
10:45fearing that news of her husband's capture would reach the masses.
10:54But in what way do women have an organic role in Cosa Nostra?
11:00Well, they almost always have a facilitating action,
11:06to help the organization, but they are often also organic,
11:13in the sense that they are given territorial control functions
11:19where drug dealing takes place, or even as in the case of Nonna Eroina,
11:24who personally managed the drug trafficking with some family members who were in the United States.
11:32More and more women were providing their names to have the assets of the mafia registered in their names,
11:42the property of their husbands, their relatives.
11:45However, this could be done until the Rognoni-La Torre law came into force,
11:51that law which in proposing the seizure and confiscation of the assets of the mafia
11:59he extended this possibility also to family members and therefore also to spouses.
12:04And this has certainly led to some preventive measures against property.
12:11against women of mafia bosses, such as Giovanni Bontade's wife,
12:16which was proposed for the seizure of the husband's assets.
12:24This preventive measure ended in nothing.
12:29The judges of the Palermo Court decided that the mafia woman
12:35it did not yet have a decision-making role of self-determination within the mafia system.
12:44and therefore they did not proceed with the seizure of the assets.
12:54Almost 30 years have passed and something in this sense has changed.
12:59Today there are more than a hundred women detained for aiding and abetting,
13:06external competition in mafia association and even mafia association.
13:10They are women who have become integral to the activities of mafia clans
13:18to replace their husbands in prison.
13:21They almost always manage the businesses that are left standing
13:27despite the detention of their husbands.
13:31An example is Nunzia Graviano who was convicted and then rearrested in 2011
13:39because he was in charge of the business of the Graviano brothers who were in prison.
13:47it was said that she read Il Sole 24 Ore to keep up to date with the stock market
13:56to best invest the relatives' illicit proceeds.
14:01Or like Mariangela of Trapani, wife of Salvino Madonia,
14:06who acted as a collector by going to talk to all his relatives in prison
14:11and enabling communications between them.
14:14We have similar stories in Calabria too, in the Pesce clan recently reduced in size by a series of arrests
14:23or even in some families in Secondigliano in Campania or even in Naples.
14:30The most famous example is that of Rosetta Cutolo, Raffaele's sister,
14:36the boss of the new organized Camorra who became the regent of the clan.
14:44Are you a bit of a representative of your brother?
14:46Yes, but I represent it a little in the sense that you maintain contact with people?
14:52No, no, contact with anyone, contact with anyone.
14:55But not all women are willing to give themselves for the love of the clan.
15:02In fact, it is proving to be an absolutely opposite phenomenon.
15:08Many of them, for the love of their children, their relatives,
15:15they try to push their men to collaborate with justice.
15:20From Marino Mannoia to Brusca, from Marchese to Mutolo,
15:26up to Antonino Calderone, who when he began to collaborate with Giovanni Falcone,
15:35he demanded that his family be close to him.
15:40Precisely because the drive to collaborate was determined by the future he wanted to give to his children, to his family.
15:50It is precisely these signs that give us hope, that make us think that women can play an important role.
15:59in emancipation from the mafia.
16:01Precisely because the woman embodies the values of family tradition
16:09and therefore can testify how mourning, blood, silences, tragedies can influence,
16:18have repercussions first and foremost on them, on women.
16:26The first woman to break the wall of silence was at the end of the battle.
16:32In 1962 she decided to report the murderers of her partner and her son Salvatore.
16:40He even accused the members of the powerful mafia family of Alcamo, the Rimi,
16:47and he said I was next to my husband and I saw all the mafiosi who came to visit him in his shop
16:58and therefore above all.
17:00He added an even more significant sentence if we consider that in 1962, according to justice, the mafia did not exist.
17:10He said if the women of the murdered dead decided to talk like I do,
17:17not out of thirst for revenge or hatred, but out of thirst for justice.
17:23The mafia in Sicily is said to have long since ceased to exist.
17:29Listen, madam, do you have faith in justice?
17:32Relatively. Not because they are not men of conscience, they can do relatively,
17:37because justice needs photography while they're shooting at us.
17:40We don't have enough letters, we don't have enough speeches, we don't have enough witnesses.
17:44The divine is greater than the earthly. The earthly is of relative value.
17:49From this tradition of female rebellion against injustice, against the mafia,
17:55other examples have come over the years.
17:59After Serafina Battaglia it will be the turn of other courageous women,
18:05like Pietra Loverso, who testified against her husband's murderers,
18:11or Michela Buscemi, who reported the death of her brother Rodolfo,
18:17with whom he ran a bar in a poor area of Palermo.
18:22And he constituted himself as a civil party, but later went to testify at the maxi-trial,
18:30saying that she was forced to withdraw the civil action
18:37because he had received threats against his children.
18:41But despite this, his testimony had a fundamental value in the maxi-trial.
18:47When the appeal process began, after a few months,
18:52I received a threat late one evening, a terrible voice,
18:56who told me that I had to withdraw from the maxi-trial,
19:02otherwise something would have happened to my family,
19:05they killed one of my family, I had a death in the family,
19:08he said, sir, it is better for you if you retire before Easter.
19:12Today Michela Buscemi has become a member of the Association of Women Against the Mafia,
19:18in which he plays an active role.
19:20But the most representative image in the maxi-trial of women who rebelled against the organization
19:29It is that of Vita Runietta, a woman who came to testify in the maxi-trial
19:35and took out of her bag the photo of her son who had been killed
19:41for the sole fact of being friends with the repentant side dish
19:45and addressing the cages in dramatic tones, he violently accused them.
19:52Murderers, murderers!
19:54And if these ladies want to come and kill me now,
19:57they can come and kill me, I'm leaving with my son!
20:03But the cry of mothers can also be more discreet,
20:08whispered, less angry,
20:10like that of Felice Impastato.
20:13Peppino's gentle and courageous mother,
20:17made famous by the film One Hundred Steps,
20:22the son had been killed according to a conviction
20:27right from the boss of Cinisi, Gaetano Badalamenti, in 1978.
20:34The woman had no hesitation in reporting her son's murderers,
20:42choosing, even though his family was part of the mafia context,
20:49choosing denunciation rather than revenge.
20:54I don't want revenge,
20:56not revenge.
20:59He can even live to be a hundred years old,
21:01but what did he ask himself?
21:02And to understand what he did.
21:11But the story of Rita Atria also comes to mind,
21:15a 17 year old girl,
21:17having become an orphan of her father,
21:19who decides to turn to justice
21:23because they had killed her brother Nicola,
21:26beloved by her,
21:28and has Paolo Borsellino as his interlocutor.
21:31And when Paolo Borsellino is killed,
21:36unable to bear the loss
21:41of this unique, fundamental point of reference,
21:46he commits suicide,
21:47throwing himself from the balcony of his sheltered home in Rome.
21:57Thanks to her story that she wrote down daily in her diary,
22:02it was possible to reconstruct many of his beautiful thoughts
22:07and from her was born the idea of establishing a category,
22:14that of witnesses of justice,
22:17with a 2001 law.
22:20In her diary Rita wrote
22:23Everyone is afraid,
22:25but the only thing I'm afraid of is
22:29is that the mafia state will win
22:31and those poor fools who fight against windmills
22:35they will be killed.
22:38Before fighting the mafia
22:40you need to do some self-examination
22:43and then, after defeating the mafia that is inside you,
22:48you can fight the mafia that is in your friends' circle.
22:53The mafia is us and our wrong way of behaving.
23:00Borsellino, you died for what you believed in,
23:04but I, without you, am dead.
23:11Today we know the story of Giacomo Filippello,
23:16companion of the boss of Mazzara
23:18who denounced the murderers of her man,
23:22that of Giusei Vitale,
23:24who first became regent of her mafia family,
23:30that of the Fardazza of Partinico,
23:32and then she became the accuser of her own clan.
23:38Repentant women, women protected by the State,
23:42like Carmela Iuculano,
23:44who was pushed to collaborate with justice,
23:48think, from the two daughters aged 11 and 13
23:52who had started a journey of legality in their school
23:58and who could no longer bear to be labeled as mafiosa.
24:04And so they forced the mother to collaborate with justice.
24:09even at the cost of accusing the father,
24:12since the mother had an important element to provide to justice,
24:18the one according to which one night the husband had retired home
24:24with blood-stained clothes
24:27and that very night the murder he was accused of had been committed.
24:35Women's collaboration in the investigations
24:38it is an absolutely fundamental fact
24:42to break with the mafia organization
24:46and finally give a push to that mafia system
24:50that many women have helped to maintain.
24:54Giovanni Falcone had already seen far,
24:57he had sensed that women could now collide
25:02with this mafia world,
25:04right in this dark, tragic world.
25:08And an absolutely illuminating example is Filippa Spatova.
25:12Filippa Spatova is Salvatore Inserillo's widow
25:16killed in the 1981 mafia war
25:21who had also had others killed besides her husband
25:25two uncles, two cousins and the 16-year-old son
25:30who do you think had their right arm cut off?
25:34because he had said that with that arm
25:37he should have killed Totò Riina.
25:41and this woman after some years,
25:45even after 15 years, in 1996,
25:51after having experienced so many losses and so many events,
25:56writes an appeal,
25:57an appeal to the Sicilian newspaper
26:00which went like this
26:02«Women of the mafia, rebel, break the chains, come back to life,
26:10blood calls for blood, revenge calls for revenge,
26:14enough with this endless spiral,
26:18let Palermo flourish again under a new light,
26:22in the sign of God's love,
26:25let your children grow up
26:28following healthy principles
26:31capable of enhancing the beauty that there is in the world."
26:36Thank you all!
26:45Thank you all!
26:58Thank you all!
27:00Thank you all!
27:00Thank you all!
27:15Thank you all!
27:16Thank you all!
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