La struttura dalle origini, l'identità, il simbolismo e la ritualità, lo stragismo, il ruolo delle donne, il potere economico e criminale, il fenomeno del pentitismo, le analogie e le differenze tra le varie organizzazionio criminali. Un'accurata analisi per conoscere e approfondire in tutti i suoi molteplici aspetti il fenomeno mafioso dalle sue origini ad oggi.
In questa lezione Pietro Grasso, ex Procuratore Nazionale Antimafia, ci parla di come la mafia abbia condizionato negli anni il sistema legale, la politica e la gestione degli affari commerciali. La stagione dell'urbanizzazione vedrà concentrare, alla fine degli anni Cinquanta, l'interesse della mafia sul sistema edilizio.
Dal sacco di Palermo degli anni ’60, al racket delle estorsioni, ai grandi appalti pubblici: come la mafia condiziona la società, la politica, l’economia. E come la politica si fa condizionare pur di raccogliere voti e consenso.
The structure from its origins, its identity, symbolism and rituals, massacres, the role of women, economic and criminal power, the phenomenon of repentance, the similarities and differences between various criminal organizations. A thorough analysis to understand and explore all its many facets of the Mafia phenomenon from its origins to the present.
In this lesson, Pietro Grasso, former National Anti-Mafia Prosecutor, discusses how the Mafia has influenced the legal system, politics, and business management over the years. The era of urbanization in the late 1950s saw the Mafia focus its attention on the construction industry.
From the sack of Palermo in the 1960s to the extortion racket and major public contracts: how the Mafia influences society, politics, and the economy. And how politics allows itself to be influenced in order to garner votes and consensus.
Lezioni di Mafia 05
https://dai.ly/xa5v5fa
Playlist Lezioni di Mafia
https://dailymotion.com/playlist/xc0e80
#Antimafia #Mafia #CosaNostra #LezioniDiMafia #GiovanniFalcone
||
#Crime #TrueCrime #DivinumCrime
https://www.dailymotion.com/DivinumCrime
In questa lezione Pietro Grasso, ex Procuratore Nazionale Antimafia, ci parla di come la mafia abbia condizionato negli anni il sistema legale, la politica e la gestione degli affari commerciali. La stagione dell'urbanizzazione vedrà concentrare, alla fine degli anni Cinquanta, l'interesse della mafia sul sistema edilizio.
Dal sacco di Palermo degli anni ’60, al racket delle estorsioni, ai grandi appalti pubblici: come la mafia condiziona la società, la politica, l’economia. E come la politica si fa condizionare pur di raccogliere voti e consenso.
The structure from its origins, its identity, symbolism and rituals, massacres, the role of women, economic and criminal power, the phenomenon of repentance, the similarities and differences between various criminal organizations. A thorough analysis to understand and explore all its many facets of the Mafia phenomenon from its origins to the present.
In this lesson, Pietro Grasso, former National Anti-Mafia Prosecutor, discusses how the Mafia has influenced the legal system, politics, and business management over the years. The era of urbanization in the late 1950s saw the Mafia focus its attention on the construction industry.
From the sack of Palermo in the 1960s to the extortion racket and major public contracts: how the Mafia influences society, politics, and the economy. And how politics allows itself to be influenced in order to garner votes and consensus.
Lezioni di Mafia 05
https://dai.ly/xa5v5fa
Playlist Lezioni di Mafia
https://dailymotion.com/playlist/xc0e80
#Antimafia #Mafia #CosaNostra #LezioniDiMafia #GiovanniFalcone
||
#Crime #TrueCrime #DivinumCrime
https://www.dailymotion.com/DivinumCrime
Categoria
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TVTrascrizione
00:14My name is Pietro Grasso and I grew up in Palermo, an important city for the choices
00:21of my life. Since 2005 I have been the national anti-mafia prosecutor, so I went from
00:30trench of the Palermo prosecutor's office at the headquarters in Rome where the news arrives from
00:36all fronts, the trends and new activities of the mafia are studied, plans are developed
00:42the techniques and strategies needed to combat it.
01:06Years ago when I was a prosecutor in Palermo I was involved in a road accident in which a
01:13man had lost his life, but the peculiarity of that investigation was that inside that car
01:20in the trunk we found a briefcase that constituted the kit of the perfect auction disturber,
01:29the one who rigs the tenders. Inside there were stamps of municipalities, of provinces, there were pieces
01:40of sealing wax, there was a small sword to cut the envelopes, there was also, think about it, a software
01:50to determine which was the winning bid that had to be put in the envelope. But what does this have to do with anything?
01:58Does this anecdote relate to today's lesson? The dead man was certainly not a mafia boss, not
02:06he was a kid, he was an ordinary citizen, but an ordinary citizen who manages to influence
02:15the legal system and can influence it while remaining outside the legal system. Today, therefore,
02:25we will talk about how the mafia influences the trade system, the system of bribes towards
02:35the companies that produce and we will also be able to talk about how it influences politics and how
02:45eventually ends up affecting the legal economy as well. In the early 1950s, the Mafia took over the latifundium
02:57moves towards the cities, towards the urban framework. The period of urbanization will concentrate
03:09the interests of the mafia, especially in construction and markets. During this period, the ferocious
03:19building speculation that hit a city like Palermo, where beautiful
03:29streets, green fields, the famous golden basin that shone in the sun's rays with its
03:39Orange and mandarin trees were transformed into concrete. One of the most beautiful roads in Europe
03:50the Via della Libertà full of Art Nouveau buildings was razed to the ground and replaced
04:00from modern apartment buildings. A devastation that will be stigmatized like the sack of Palermo.
04:13The mafia's control over public procurement was not limited to the awarding of contracts
04:20of the contracts, to the division of the contracts, but there was a whole induced effect, that of the movement
04:27land, the cement cycle, illegal work, and the transportation of earth. All this was
04:36functional to allow only those companies loyal to Cosa Nostra to work.
04:46A huge deal for the Mafia that required a connection to politics.
04:54And this link was Vito Ciancimino, from 59 to 64, councilor for public works twice,
05:02even if only for short periods, mayor of Palermo. And with him, in the years in which Ciancimino himself
05:10he was councilor for public works, that three pensioners were found to be concessionaires of good
05:172,500 building permits out of a total of 4,000. Ciancimino was instrumental in the procurement system.
05:29Clearly the mafia, without contact with politics, would not have been able to achieve all of this.
05:36these failures. It was the so-called table system, described very well by a collaborator
05:44of justice, Zino, defined as the minister of public works of Cosa Nostra, who described
05:53that around the table sat politics, the mafia, and business. The mafiosi were
06:043%, while a percentage of 0.8% went directly to the head of Cosa Nostra, Totò
06:14Ruina, for the general expenses of the organization. We cannot mention Ciancimino without mentioning
06:23to another key figure in the mafia-contracting system in Sicily, Salvo Lima.
06:33Mayor of Palermo, while Ciancimino was councilor for public works, together they built
06:40this system according to which there was a complete division in relation to the presence
06:49of all local political forces in the area. We have always said that the mafia has no ideology.
06:58and in fact Lima's motto was don't put the pasta in if there aren't all the spoons.
07:08the pasta is lowered
07:09if not all the spoons are present. In the sense that he tried to please everyone to avoid having
07:20complaints, reports to the judiciary so that they could then investigate certain contract awards
07:29suspicious. I remember the case of the Palazzo dei Congressi and of Totò Ruina who one day had himself accompanied
07:41from Lipari, one of his surveyors who handled external relations with the rest of the mafia system
07:54who goes to visit Ciancimino in the room on the top floor of the building with an elevator that arrived
08:05directly at home. Ciancimino receives him in the bedroom as he usually does in his dressing gown,
08:13Rina shows up with her double blue pick, the one for special occasions. She asks him to do it
08:21award the contract to his protégé, the entrepreneur Costanzo of Catania. Ciancimino pays him off with two
08:32jokes, it is not possible because everything has already been decided, the contract has already entered into a distribution of
08:40a whole series of contracts, it's not possible. And Ruina goes away empty-handed and tells
08:52in Lipari
08:52that when they found themselves in the elevator he grabbed him by the collar and said see if I
09:01I'm going crazy and I tell you to take me back from this alluding to Ciancimino and you do it I'll tell you
09:10I kill. An episode that is very significant of how things were going at the time, then that building
09:17the conferences never took place precisely because the complaints to the judiciary began,
09:23the complaints, the investigations and Palermo does not have a congress hall. Together with Salvo Lima who
09:34he was the link, the connecting channel, the major exponent of the Andriottian current
09:41In Sicily, we cannot fail to mention cousins Ignazio and Antonino Salvo. They are part of the organization
09:53Cosa Nostra, big tax collectors who managed to influence Sicilian political life and
10:02especially the region, enjoyed enormous advantages when they had tax relief
10:11which was the highest in Italy and at the time they could delay at their leisure
10:17payments and having this large amount of money available which had a great impact on the aspect
10:27corrupting Sicilian political life. Antonino Salvo died in Switzerland while he was
10:37the maxi-trial was underway in which I was a side judge while Ignazio Salvo was convicted
10:44He was sentenced to 13 years in prison for mafia association. After this event, he was killed in September.
10:55of 1992 after the massacres and massacres of Falcone and Borsellino but on March 12, 1992 the campaign
11:08The massacre begins with the murder of Salvo Lima, an epochal change, something that shocked
11:18the panorama of relations between the Mafia and politics in Sicily. Salvo Lima had been very close
11:28to Stefano Bontade, the first victim of the 1981 mafia war and he too should have
11:38suffer the same fate, but the Corleonesi keep him alive because he is useful to the maintenance of that system
11:46of division, of contracts between business, mafia and politics. He is killed when he fails
11:57to fix the maxi-trial against the mafia as he had promised the Corleonesi.
12:03On January 30, 1992, the Court of Cassation gave the final sentence condemning the boss of
12:16Mafia dome to life imprisonment. And then on March 12, 1992 he was killed in Mondello,
12:29Salvo Lima. Lima's death was a change that Giovanni Falcone stigmatized with
12:40a phrase he said to me while we were at the Ministry of Justice. Now it can happen.
12:48of everything. As a collaborator of justice, Giuffre, said, the relationship between the mafia and politics is like
13:00that of water and fish, each needs the other. In fact, if we think about it, there is a sort of
13:10of parallelism because both the mafia and politics, the local one, the clientelist one, are placed in a
13:19position according to which there is a need of the people and on the other side there is a power that can
13:26solve that need, which can satisfy them. And so both the mafia and politics enter
13:34in this intermediary role to try to, or rather often promise, to resolve the
13:43people's problems. I remember a personal episode that always makes me smile because
13:52As soon as I graduated I already had the idea of becoming a magistrate, I had it very clear, but I started
13:58to take part in many competitions, I took part in one at the municipality of Palermo as an official, I entered the registers,
14:08Then I didn't hear anything else, in the meantime I won the competitive exam for the judiciary. After ten years
14:14I get a call from the municipality's personnel office and they tell me congratulations, you
14:22he was admitted to the oral exams, even with good grades, he got eight in administrative law
14:29and I said excuse me but after ten years? And the employee says you know, there were only eight places and the
14:38competitors
14:408 thousand, it is much better not to disappoint the expectations of 8 thousand voters rather than satisfy them
14:48immediately 8. The mafia has a relationship with politics, but if we think about it carefully the mafia also has a
14:57political function when it manages to influence the vote, to control it. It tells
15:06Buscetta said that it was enough for a candidate to take a walk arm in arm with the mafia boss of the
15:16country to indicate to the people who was the precentor, the one to vote for. It is clear that a
15:25such a close, heavy, and conditioning control of the territory can only translate into
15:36moment of voting in a safe orientation on the part of mafia organizations towards
15:46of one party rather than another, of one candidate rather than another.
15:50Mafia-related political-electoral vote-trading is a crime provided for by our code.
15:59criminal, Article 416 ter, but it is expected that there will be an exchange of votes for money,
16:11something that we don't often find in this relationship between politics and the mafia and therefore
16:19We have often turned to Parliament to try to complete this situation by inserting
16:28any other benefit given or promised to the mafioso by the candidate.
16:37Libero Grassi was an entrepreneur, he had a small textile industry. When he was sold
16:45he firmly refused to ask for protection money, but not only did he express his refusal,
16:53but he tried to involve all the other traders, the other entrepreneurs through
16:59articles in newspapers, through interviews, through television.
17:04Why doesn't she want to pay?
17:06It's written here.
17:07You're crazy, I don't understand.
17:09No, no, I'm not crazy.
17:10Why doesn't he want to pay?
17:11Because I have all the choices.
17:13Well, I don't like paying.
17:17Why I'm giving it up is a renunciation of my dignity as an entrepreneur. I divide my
17:22choices with the mafioso.
17:24And he was left alone, he was left alone by the entrepreneurs themselves.
17:29This is how Libero Grassi defined the extortion racket in a letter he published
17:37the day after his death, August 30, 1991, from the Corriere della Sera.
17:43Extortion is the mother of all crimes, because it is functional to establish, consolidate
17:51and extend Cosa Nostra's rule over the territory.
17:55The pizzo is a manifestation of the territorial lordship of Cosa Nostra.
18:02With protection money, the mafia becomes the state.
18:07Heavy words like Boulders, full of suffering and perhaps the loss of hope
18:16of poor Libero Grassi.
18:46The mafia exercises its sovereignty over the territory through protection rackets and extortion.
18:57The word pizzo derives from an ancient Sicilian motto from the nineteenth century.
19:05It is remembered that when the farmers had to do a work in the countryside they helped each other
19:12of them and at the end of the day the owner of the land where the work had been carried out
19:19he gave something to his peasant friends saying wet your piece, wet your beak.
19:29In the sense of a little thing that I give you, hence the metaphorical name of tangent, of a part
19:42that you pay for some sort of service.
19:45The extortion collector is usually an employee of the organization.
19:52He earns around 1000 Euros per month, at least these are the sums we have learned from the latest
20:00police investigations into the boss Salvatore Lopiccolo.
20:04Some 400 tax collectors were identified operating in half of the city of Palermo.
20:12because the Opiccolo area had expanded ever more widely.
20:19The ledgers where the companies that paid the protection money were also recorded have been identified
20:29and the Lopiccolos' turnover was around 2.5 million Euros per month.
20:3730 million a year, 80 thousand Euros a day.
20:43The protection racket, the insurance policy against robberies, thefts, damages, an open-air credit,
20:53the organization's ability to generate ongoing regular income.
21:01Lace is the cost of fear.
21:07The mafia, as we have said several times, is not just a criminal system,
21:14but it seems to offer protection, help, and convenience to those who are part of it.
21:22But be careful, it seems, because behind those services, behind that utility,
21:29there is a strong conditioning of man, of the person who is forced to give a part of his earnings
21:40to people who do nothing to earn it and who cause crisis,
21:46threatening damage, civil coexistence itself.
21:50Despite all the difficulties, after 20 years, Libero Grassi's sacrifice has not been in vain.
22:05Today there are many young people who have created a God Pizzo,
22:12a system of critical consumption that involves citizens in the delegitimization of the mafia system.
22:22I don't pay those who pay, those who pay the protection money.
22:26These young people have changed the way we approach the mafia phenomenon.
22:34These young people have changed the way of fighting the mafia phenomenon,
22:43with the participation of all citizens.
22:47Today we hear in the wiretaps that the mafiosi say
22:55We don't go to that one because he's connected to the Adio Pizzo network, he could report us.
23:04And so there is a great victory in this respect which is given by the strength of numbers,
23:12of the unity of these traders who rebelled against this inhuman practice
23:21and finally they say no to protection money, a firm no.
23:25Today the extortionist must understand that it is no longer convenient to demand a sum of 500 euros
23:34to risk up to 12 years in prison.
23:38Today we must make reporting increasingly more convenient and extortion less convenient.
23:50The mafia will never be compatible with a healthy economy.
23:57We often hear that the mafia is the daughter of underdevelopment and that it is underdevelopment that generates the mafia.
24:05In reality, the two phenomena influence each other.
24:09Think of the dirty money that comes from mafia business that manages to be invested, for example, in healthcare.
24:22The mafia cannot be absolutely compatible with free competition
24:31because it operates under a regime of substantial monopoly or oligopoly.
24:37I still remember a telephone interception during which
24:43an entrepreneur had to do the so-called concrete pouring
24:51and had called all the workers for that important moment
24:56and arrived at a certain point the day before
25:00the company that was supposed to supply the concrete
25:05he says that the systems had broken down and he can no longer supply them.
25:10So he takes the yellow pages and goes to the nearest concrete company.
25:18The first thing the interlocutor asks is where is the public work located?
25:22and when he tells him he says I'm sorry we can't make the supply
25:29but I pay a little more, sorry we don't have the authorization
25:34to bring the concrete to that place.
25:37Well this means absence of market, absence of free competition
25:45division of the territory and these are the points on which we need to act
25:51to revive healthy entrepreneurship
25:54an entrepreneurship that is not subject to the impositions of the mafia
26:01because today in a time of serious economic crisis
26:07at a time when those who have money and there is liquid money have more power
26:12the danger is precisely the mafia-like nature of legal enterprise.
26:17The danger is that little by little those who have capital left the company
26:23perhaps with small loans that become increasingly larger until the company is effectively sold
26:31keeping the owner as a simulacrum which only prohibits seizure
26:39and confiscation by the judiciary and the police forces.
26:43Where there is the mafia there is certainly no free market
26:48There is no personal freedom, but where there is the mafia, there is not and there will never be development.
27:45Thank you all
27:48Thank you all
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