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00:00Without a doubt, the letter to the Galatians is the most revolutionary of Paul's letters because
00:11He reacts to the greatest displeasure that a community could have caused the apostle, but at the same time
00:18Time is a letter in which, in addition to precious autobiographical details, he pours out his thoughts
00:26of immense originality and depth, with less cordiality but ultimately with serenity
00:35This letter aims to answer such pressing questions for the first communities
00:42Christians from Gentiles, how does man have salvation, how should they
00:50to connect new believers, especially non-Jewish Gentile believers, with Jewish law
00:58It is necessary to remember that the first followers of Jesus Christ were of Jewish origin and proclaimed
01:06Jesus as the Messiah, due to their faith in Christ, struggled with a dual identity; their Jewish heritage...
01:14This led her to continue strictly adhering to Mosaic law, in contrast to her newly found faith in Christ.
01:22He invited them to a faith based on the principle of love; these were the ones who wondered how the
01:30Gentile or non-Jewish believers could become part of the kingdom of God; Paul understood that
01:38What was at stake was not mere external practices but the essence of the Christian message.
01:47recognition of the saving value of the work of Jesus Christ, with which a stage was overcome
01:54The previous and provisional law of Moses is why he insists that through Christ the new people begins
02:03The apostle writes this from God, to whom all are called, regardless of nation or condition.
02:12letter amidst great emotion, not so much because of the attacks on his authority but because of the danger in
02:20who saw the truth of the gospel warning the Galatians about the consequences of their attitude and
02:27It prevents possible misunderstandings of his teaching on Christian freedom; Paul speaks of the
02:35True freedom, not the kind that covers the desires of the flesh, but the freedom to be slaves of Christ and speak.
02:43that the slave to carnal desires will not inherit the kingdom of God as does the one who bears fruit in
02:52Christ, these will not be condemned by the law if they are led by the spirit, the text to which they are referred.
03:00He refers to this when Paul speaks of this freedom in chapter 5, verses 13 to 15.
03:08You brothers and sisters have been called to freedom, but do not use this freedom to give free rein to
03:19Rather, serve one another in love, for the whole law is summed up in this.
03:27The only commandment is to love your neighbor as yourself. Be careful, because if you bite and devour one another...
03:39Others will end up destroying each other; in this regard, His Holiness Benedict 16 expresses
03:49in the following terms in all eras from the beginning but especially in the
03:57In the modern era, freedom has been humanity's great dream; we know that Luther was inspired by this.
04:05The text of the letter to the Galatians and the conclusion was that the monastic rule, the hierarchy, the teaching office
04:13They seemed to him a yoke of slavery from which it was necessary to be freed successively during the period of
04:21The Enlightenment was totally dominated and permeated by this desire for freedom that was thought to have
04:29Having already achieved this, and Marxism was also presented as a path to freedom, this afternoon we ask ourselves
04:37What is freedom? How can we be free? Saint Paul helps us understand this complicated reality.
04:46What is freedom, inserting this concept into a context of anthropological and theological conceptions?
04:53fundamentally, it says, do not take that freedom as a pretext for the flesh, but on the contrary, serve
05:02out of charity one another, flesh is not the body but flesh in the language of Saint Paul
05:10It is an expression of the absolutization of the self, the self that wants to be everything and take everything for itself.
05:20Absolute being that depends on nothing and no one seems to truly possess freedom; ultimately, I am free.
05:29If I don't depend on anyone, I can do everything I want, and precisely this absolutization of the self is
05:38Flesh, that is, the degradation of man, is not a conquest of freedom; libertinism is not freedom, but rather...
05:49The failure of freedom, which sounds so current, makes these words of Saint Paul sound like an explanation of his
05:58Saint Benedict 16 Today we see with increasing frequency the call that the world makes to us
06:05to become the masters of our own lives by not allowing anything or anyone to be
06:13above oneself, because true freedom lies in being yourself without worrying about the opinions of others
06:22Furthermore, by the way, any belief system—and here I mean any religion—that limits our
06:31to act and be told what to do or not to do, considering the vision an attack on human freedom
06:39The prevailing view of freedom today is that which considers man free for the simple reason that
06:46He can do whatever he wants; that would be a passively acquired freedom, something that man finds himself in.
06:54and that to achieve it, one only needs to let oneself be carried away by impulses and passions without any other limit than
07:01Its possibilities naturally don't take much thought to see that this is a misconception
07:09This freedom is what leads to the practice of libertinism, an illusion that one is free from the illusion of freedom.
07:18It is free and a way of life that most often leads man to abusive and selfish practices.
07:26who do nothing but worry about their own satisfaction, thus failing to see the need
07:34of your neighbor, hence the apostle concludes by saying be careful because if you bite each other
07:43and they eat each other, they will end up destroying each other then, what surprises us about the
07:52The reality we live in on a daily basis is so precarious; our era is disoriented, and this disorientation
08:01It arises fundamentally from the growing lack of freedom in the exercise of real freedom because
08:09What is most serious for some people is that when they believe they are being free because
08:15They try to do everything they want; they are actually just being objects. How much do they have to do?
08:23Paul teaches us through this letter and how relevant his message is today
08:28Galaxia is a plateau located in the center of Asia Minor around the city of Ansira, currently
08:41The Galatians are properly the Celtic peoples originating from Gaul and later present in
08:49different Galicias, the one in Spain and the one in Poland, and in the Welsh countries, as well as the Celtics of
08:57Scotland and Ireland in Asia Minor were remembered as an invading people reduced to a small
09:05territory after having held Greece in check during the fourth and third centuries BC
09:13And Rome, from 64 BC onwards, formed a Roman province along with the regions of
09:21Sidia, Isauria, Phrygia, and Lycaonia—in any case, it wouldn't have been normal to call the Sidians Galatians.
09:29The Phrygians or the Lycaonians, that's why when the apostle refers to the churches of Galatia, he doesn't
09:37We understand that it refers to the territories of these evangelized peoples in the company of Barnabas, but
09:44to the galaxy itself located 200 kilometers north of those territories
09:52By following the letter he addresses to them, we can learn something about how the Galatians were evangelized.
10:00Verses 13 and 14 is an enormously significant text; let's read this passage.
10:07As you know, when I first preached the gospel to you, I did so because of an illness that
10:17I suffered, and that illness was a test for you, who did not despise or reject me.
10:25because of her, but on the contrary they received me as if I were an angel of God, as if I were God himself.
10:33It is not normal to evangelize Jesus Christ because of an illness; does that mean that he is not
10:43He planned to evangelize them; his strategy led him to the most populated and civilized coasts of the Aegean Sea.
10:52But he stopped there because of illness, as he didn't feel presentable enough to announce the
10:59However, they did not despise him or spit on him as if he were carrying a curse.
11:07but they received him as an angel of God, like Christ Jesus; the illness must have given him a certain
11:14His appearance was repulsive, but it did not prevent him from preaching; in fact, they did eventually form.
11:22several entire communities, the churches of Galatia, it must be understood that there was a whole
11:28Paul's evangelization must have meant he was there longer than we imagine and must have left
11:36some successor of his work responsible for the spread of Christianity in the cities of
11:42After a few years, between 4 and 5, those same Galatians gave him the greatest shock of his life
11:53after having experienced the superhuman efficacy of the cross of Christ, accompanied also by a multitude of
12:03Miracles and extraordinary charisms were captivated by some of those who said that if they didn't
12:11Those who were circumcised according to the law of Moses could not be saved; the promoters of the crisis, the Judaizers.
12:19Those whom Paul does not wish much good certainly came from outside, for they are compared to a
12:27Angel of Heaven, these Judaizers were a strong sect in early Christianity that apparently had
12:36deeply influenced the Christian faith of some believers while at the same time denying the apostleship
12:44This group, led by Paul, used the Asia Minor region as their preferred place to spread their teachings.
12:53The letter to the Galatians contains the apostle's swift response to that situation and
13:01It stands out from all the others because of its initial dryness after a greeting that was not without drama.
13:08replaces praise with direct recrimination
13:13I am very surprised that you have turned away so quickly from God who called you, showing
13:21in Christ, His goodness, and they have moved on to another gospel; in reality, it's not that there is another gospel.
13:30The problem is that there are some who are disturbing you and want to distort the gospel of God.
13:36Christ, but if anyone preaches to you a gospel contrary to the one we have already preached to you, let him fall away.
13:45God's curse falls upon him, no matter if it is myself or an angel sent from heaven.
13:53I have said it before, and I repeat it now: if anyone announces to you a gospel different from the one you already received
14:01May God's curse fall upon him; this is a deeply occasional letter, not in principle.
14:12It seeks not the discussion of a theological theory but the expression of an authentic personal drama.
14:21Galatians, like the apostle, had experienced their conversion as a true invasion of
14:27spirit that took no account of the works of the law if now they say they want to be
14:34Justified by the works of the law is equivalent to declaring oneself a sinner, to saying that Christ does not...
14:41It has therefore served no purpose to flee from grace and to disconnect from Christ on the other hand, and that
14:50The specific contribution of Galatians would be to justify by the works of the law, which means changing
14:57a true justification for a false one because the law itself is not capable of justifying anyone
15:05Regarding the place and time of writing of Galatians, the least that can be said is that it was written by
15:17at least 14 years after Paul's conversion, as stated in chapter 2, verse 1
15:26The mention of this period in Galatians suggests it must have been written from Ephesus or Macedonia between the years 54 and 55.
15:35We would say that a series of fragments stand out, dominated by direct and referred recrimination.
15:47Regarding the specific situation in Galatia, the most prominent of these would be the exordium itself, as well as the conclusion.
15:55epistle but are also dominated by the recrimination of the fragments of chapter 3
16:03Verses 1-6 or foolish Galatians chapter 4 verses 12-20 Brothers, I urge you to be like
16:16And finally, chapter 5, verses 12, listen to me, I, Paul, tell you, the general structure of the letter is as follows
16:28Prologue, Chapter 1, verses 1-10; Narrative discourse; Autobiographical details of Paul, Chapter 1, verse 11 to Chapter 2, verse 21
16:44Doctrinal discourse: the role of the law, chapter 3 verse 1 to chapter 4 verse 11; Polemical discourse: the crisis of Galatia, chapter 4 verse 12 to chapter 5 verse 12
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