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De juillet 1942 à février 1943, le récit saisissant de la bataille de Stalingrad à travers des écrits d’habitants de la ville et des lettres de soldats russes et allemands.
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00:00:07"Volgograd" stretches for more than 60 kilometers along the western bank of the lower Volga.
00:00:14Founded at the turn of the 17th century, the city was called Tsaritsine, then Stalingrad.
00:00:22It is under this name that she entered history.
00:00:30Since 1925, it has borne the name of the Soviet leader and an ambitious program,
00:00:36to become a model city of socialism that showcases the flourishing of Soviet citizens.
00:00:43Located just under a thousand kilometers southeast of Moscow, it then had nearly
00:00:48'half a million inhabitants.
00:01:00Summer 1940, Europe is at war.
00:01:04Two more years, and the conflict will have reached Stalingrad and plunged it into hell.
00:01:15A museum pays tribute to the man who organized the defense of Tsaritsyn, threatened by the White Army in 1918.
00:01:22at the beginning of the civil war.
00:01:27This success forged his aura as a military strategist and gave his name to the city.
00:01:41In 1940, Stalingrad was a major center of industrial and military production.
00:01:49Its tractor factory, the largest in Europe, also produces tanks.
00:02:04This is the last summer before the Great Patriotic War.
00:02:09In June 1941, the Soviet Union was attacked by Nazi Germany.
00:02:19This film is based on diaries and letters written by soldiers who fought at Stalingrad and
00:02:27by its inhabitants.
00:02:54Summer 1942
00:03:24July 16, 1942
00:03:28This damn country makes us lose all sense of proportion.
00:03:32Certainly, it is good to confront the abject side of life,
00:03:35But we're already so used to them that we don't even notice them anymore.
00:03:41Many things that we find horosho, good, would disgust us to the highest degree in other circumstances.
00:03:48And that is dangerous.
00:03:51I willingly sacrifice my youth to our great and just cause.
00:03:54But in Russia, not only are we wasting our time, but we are becoming stupid.
00:04:01We should soon reach the great curve of giving.
00:04:25The situation at the gates of Stalingrad was deteriorating.
00:04:28The adversary had the advantage in terms of the forces committed and sought at all costs to reach the Volga, a
00:04:34once the donation has been made.
00:04:36We did everything we could to use the powerful barrier that the river represented.
00:04:41But for the adversary, clearly superior in terms of artillery and also and especially aviation,
00:04:47The donation did not actually pose any particular problem.
00:04:51The fighting had broken out directly on the outskirts of Stalingrad and south of the city.
00:04:56Very fierce clashes took place day and night.
00:05:04The fighting is from the rear of the city's arrival point.
00:05:09The fighting is fighting from the arrival in the city.
00:05:13The battles of the battles are battles of the body.
00:05:15Lieutenant Lébédéva.
00:05:25On one of the участques,
00:05:27the Zenitists, for the past few days,
00:05:29They put 14 fascists in charge.
00:05:36July 19.
00:05:37At 3 a.m., we received
00:05:39a radio call.
00:05:41Comrade Stalin will speak to you.
00:05:44Stalin asked what was
00:05:45the situation in the city.
00:05:47He took an interest in the activity of the factories
00:05:49of the arms industry,
00:05:51then passed on to us the directives from the central committee
00:05:54regarding the general context
00:05:55increasingly difficult.
00:05:57He told us in conclusion
00:05:59"Stalingrad will not fall."
00:06:02Let everyone know.
00:06:06July 20.
00:06:08The activists of the city party
00:06:10they met in the evening.
00:06:11The room was packed.
00:06:13There have been several air raid alerts.
00:06:16During my speech,
00:06:18I insisted on the requests
00:06:19of the central committee.
00:06:20The city must under no circumstances
00:06:22to be ceded to the enemy.
00:06:25The responsibility of the communists
00:06:26in the defense of the city
00:06:27must be strengthened.
00:06:29And it is necessary to fight
00:06:30with determination
00:06:31against feelings of panic
00:06:33and the desire to evacuate,
00:06:34whoever those
00:06:35who spread them.
00:06:37Fight with determination
00:06:39against feelings of panic
00:06:40and the desire to evacuate.
00:06:43In other words,
00:06:44civilians are prohibited
00:06:46to leave Stalingrad.
00:06:48We must prevent
00:06:49congestion of transport routes
00:06:51reserved for military convoys.
00:06:54And the evacuation of the city
00:06:55which bears the name of the leader
00:06:57would be a bad signal
00:06:58sent to the people.
00:07:02At the beginning of the conflict,
00:07:04Stalingrad counted
00:07:05a little over 450,000 inhabitants.
00:07:08In the summer of 1942,
00:07:11300,000 refugees
00:07:12from the west of the country
00:07:13were added to it.
00:07:15The city is saturated.
00:07:18Due to a lack of accommodation,
00:07:20many families
00:07:21live outdoors
00:07:22without a roof above
00:07:23from their heads.
00:07:25On July 24, 1942,
00:07:27the first units
00:07:29of the Sixth Army
00:07:30of the Wehrmacht
00:07:31are 85 kilometers away
00:07:32west of Stalingrad.
00:07:35The factory workers
00:07:36Tractors are digging trenches.
00:08:00August 8th,
00:08:02before being intercepted
00:08:04a secret order from Stalin.
00:08:06He urged the Russians
00:08:07to die in battle
00:08:08rather than give in
00:08:09the smallest plot of land,
00:08:10because otherwise the country
00:08:11would be lost.
00:08:13It's also an admission
00:08:14considerable losses
00:08:15that the Bolsheviks suffered.
00:08:17And indeed,
00:08:18we observe
00:08:19that their soldiers
00:08:19prefer to be shot
00:08:21rather than surrendering.
00:08:24This is the order
00:08:25number 227
00:08:26of July 28, 1942.
00:08:29The defeatists
00:08:30and the cowards
00:08:30will be executed
00:08:31immediately.
00:08:33"Bulk"
00:08:34"Bulk"
00:08:34"Otcriventes"
00:08:35«Открил огонь
00:08:35по нашим переправам.
00:08:38В ответ
00:08:38заговорили
00:08:39орудия
00:08:40Воскрой
00:08:40военной
00:08:41плотины.
00:08:48Maricisca-Nanerki-Chapaev,
00:08:50with Varoni's team,
00:08:52grow the batteries.
00:09:20August 11.
00:09:21“Zimenkov, the chairman of the executive committee, came by this morning and asked me, looking worried, if
00:09:27We were going to make our families suffer for a long time. I understood what he was referring to. What do you suggest?
00:09:35To send, starting today, the families of all the city and district leaders to the other
00:09:39"On the Volga side?"
00:09:42"The question was delicate. The departure of our loved ones could fuel enemy propaganda. But there was no
00:09:48Clearly there's no other solution. After all, little Valéry, just a year and a half old, can't help it if
00:09:54His father is the secretary of the regional committee. Yet, he is so nervous that he stutters.
00:10:04While party officials ensured the safety of their families, the people dug trenches. The Germans had reached
00:10:11the city's outer line of defense.
00:10:13"A paddle steamer, camouflaged as an island, is making its way up the Volga. Stalin has sent a trusted man."
00:10:28to get an idea of the situation.
00:10:34"August 12. Comrade Malenkov, member of the National Defense Committee and Secretary of the Central Committee, came to pay his respects."
00:10:41Visit to the headquarters of the Stalingrad front.
00:10:45The war council met this morning. It set forth the organization of the party and the
00:10:50tank manufacturers in the city face the difficult task of doubling armored vehicle production within 8 to 10 years.
00:10:55days.
00:11:28"August 16th. For ten days now, fierce battles have been raging in the major donation loop. The
00:11:35The situation is extremely difficult.
00:11:38The front line needs a reliable mode of transport to cross the Volga more than ever.
00:11:43The left bank is where the logistics units of the forces engaged on the front line are concentrated.
00:11:49Two new river crossings specifically dedicated to military transport were inaugurated yesterday in the center of
00:11:55the city.
00:11:56"August 19. Russian planes attack at night, rarely during the day."
00:12:21Four army corps are massed in a confined space.
00:12:24The major breakthrough, which should allow us to cross the river to reach the Volga and Stalingrad, is
00:12:30coming soon.
00:12:32The frenzy of preparations has completely swept away the unease of this hilly river landscape.
00:12:41August 20th. Departure is tomorrow.
00:12:45This will be a crucial step.
00:12:47Not just for our part of the front, but I think for the entire offensive this summer.
00:12:52Because now is the time to break through the front.
00:12:55They say the enemy is strong.
00:12:59"Our intelligence services intercepted the order from General Paulus, who commands the German-fascist 6th Army.
00:13:06He orders a decisive assault on Stalingrad.
00:13:11The Germans are bringing fresh troops to the front.
00:13:14What can we do to counter them?
00:13:17Let's hold on.
00:13:18These thoughts haunt us day and night.
00:13:24"A single Soviet Panzer. It laid the first line of the German-fascist finish line."
00:13:33"We're on the road."
00:13:408,000 people work permanently on the outskirts of the city.
00:13:44Each day, after finishing their shift at the factory,
00:13:48Up to 3,000 workers and employees come to participate in the construction project.
00:13:52Nearly 20 kilometers of anti-tank barriers and 500 fighting positions have already been deployed.
00:13:57in place.
00:14:26On August 23, 1915,
00:14:28In 1942, the first German tanks reached the northern suburbs of Stalingrad, the industrial part of the city.
00:14:34"I spent the day at the Tractorni factory with the management team.
00:14:45A phone call. It's Khrushchev.
00:14:48The Germans have broken through the front. They are approaching the factory. We must organize the defense.
00:14:54The reaction was immediate.
00:14:56We started evacuating the tanks along an influential branch of the Volga behind the factory,
00:15:01to arm the workers, the repair battalion.
00:15:04Around fifty tanks were deployed, which is no small number.
00:15:09In the evening, I went to the front headquarters.
00:15:12A number of measures to defend the city have been taken.
00:15:29Intense aerial bombardments began in the afternoon of August 23.
00:15:52It was about 4 PM and the sun was slowly descending in the west.
00:15:57On the radio, we were suddenly informed that the threat of an air attack was still present.
00:16:04No one was surprised.
00:16:06Often, the alerts were not followed by any bombing.
00:16:09At that moment, I was walking down the street with friends
00:16:12and we paid absolutely no attention to either the alert or the detonations that could be heard in the distance.
00:16:18And suddenly, in the sky, we heard the sound of a large flock of several airplanes.
00:16:22and the sound of bursts of gunfire from the anti-aircraft defenses.
00:16:27I looked towards the setting sun and saw a multitude of planes slowly approaching
00:16:34and shells exploding.
00:16:38We had barely reached shelter when a piercing whistle tore through the air.
00:16:43and that an impact noise was heard very close by.
00:16:46A grandmother and grandfather were propelled into a ditch by the shockwave.
00:16:50The roar of the bombs was terrifying.
00:16:53With each new explosion, clods of earth rained down through the wide-open door.
00:16:58raising dust.
00:17:00The air was heavy and smelled of gunpowder and smoke.
00:17:03As the whistling sound grew increasingly shrill,
00:17:06You had to open your mouth and plug your ears to prevent your eardrums from bursting.
00:17:12There was so much dust that you couldn't see two steps ahead.
00:17:15And then the dust slowly began to dissipate.
00:17:19The noise faded away.
00:17:21We were eager to see where the bombs had exploded.
00:17:24and we left the shelter.
00:17:27The entire northern part of the city, beyond the center, was ablaze.
00:17:31Towards the east, the fire was becoming less and less intense.
00:17:34But even further east, on the banks of the Volga,
00:17:38He was regaining his strength.
00:17:39A dark yellow band covered the sky and hid the sun.
00:17:55August 25.
00:17:57A gigantic cloud of smoke floated over Stalingrad all day.
00:18:02The entire city must be on fire.
00:18:06In the darkness, the sky bursts into flames.
00:18:10During the night, there were incessant air raids on Colcos and its surroundings.
00:18:15force us to sleep in the trenches.
00:18:19The evacuation of women, children and the elderly is finally ordered.
00:18:25The first wave of bombing of the city lasted a week.
00:18:30No one knows how many victims it has claimed.
00:18:34The city is destroyed, it is burning.
00:18:37Local authorities, district committees, executive committees are caught off guard.
00:18:43On the proposal of Comrade Malenkov,
00:18:46An extraordinary commission has been created, of which I have been appointed chairman.
00:18:49We got to work.
00:18:52We need to put in place an evacuation of people from the other side of the river.
00:18:55Tens of thousands of people are gathered on the shore
00:18:59and the Germans are bombing.
00:19:00There are many victims.
00:19:02We must bury the dead, feed the living.
00:19:06There is no water, no electricity.
00:19:09Most industrial bakeries,
00:19:11mills, canneries and warehouses
00:19:14are destroyed and set ablaze.
00:19:16Drastic measures have been taken against the looters
00:19:19and the grave robbers.
00:19:21They can now be shot on the spot.
00:19:45In his office,
00:19:47the secretary of the party's regional committee,
00:19:50Alexei Chouyanov,
00:19:52works under the watchful eye of the camera.
00:19:53Because the defense of Stalingrad will be shown on screen.
00:19:57The camera is rolling.
00:20:03...
00:20:11...
00:20:12...
00:20:13...
00:20:15...
00:20:15...
00:20:15...
00:20:17...
00:20:47“Here you go, you're going to be Stalin!
00:20:50“In the city полный порядок.
00:20:54“There is no need for bombs,
00:20:58“Works normally.
00:21:00“Istrebitel battalions,
00:21:02“non-restricted parts,
00:21:05“work on private property
00:21:07“It's a short and concise language.
00:21:11“Be careful, you're talking about Stalin,
00:21:13«borotься беспощадно
00:21:15“panickers and trumpets
00:21:16“budet выполнено.
00:21:19“Stalingrad is not the city.
00:21:22“So you’re going to see Stalin!”
00:21:50“Stalingrad burned.
00:21:52"It would take too long to describe."
00:21:54“Stalingrad burned.
00:21:56"It burned."
00:22:15"
00:22:18"Gigantic buildings,
00:22:20"monuments,
00:22:21"squires,
00:22:22"piles of cables,
00:22:24"a cat sleeping by a window,
00:22:26"a little bit of glass in the planters.
00:22:31"In the midst of the behemoths"
00:22:33"of burning stones"
00:22:34"half destroyed,
00:22:35"miraculously rises
00:22:36"a wooden pavilion,
00:22:37"a kiosk where they sold
00:22:39"Sparkling water."
00:22:41"It looks like Pompeii,"
00:22:43"surprised by death"
00:22:44"A day of great activity."
00:22:45"Trams,
00:22:47"cars without windows,
00:22:49"burned buildings"
00:22:51"still bearing commemorative plaques,
00:22:53"Joseph Stalin did here
00:22:55"a speech in 1919.
00:22:58“Children are wandering the streets,
00:23:00"Many are smiling,
00:23:01"Many look half-crazy."
00:23:07"The sun sets over the square."
00:23:10"A spectacle of strange beauty,"
00:23:12"frightening."
00:23:13"The pale pink sky appears"
00:23:15"across thousands,
00:23:16"tens of thousands of windows
00:23:18"be empty.
00:23:20"A huge sign in drab colors"
00:23:22"proclaim it towards the light."
00:23:25"A feeling of calm after a long torment."
00:23:29"The city is dead,
00:23:31"like the face of a deceased person"
00:23:33"who reportedly died of a painful illness"
00:23:35"and would have found peace in eternal sleep."
00:23:39"And the bombings are starting up again."
00:23:42"The bombing of a city that was already dead."
00:23:47“Zuka starts at Stalingrad.
00:23:58“Unter uns starten weitere Wellen.
00:24:05“Tag and Night liegt die starke Wolga-Festung
00:24:07“im Hagel der deutschen Bomben.
00:24:09“Heer- und Luftwaffe have starke Krafte
00:24:11“Zum Sturm auf Stalingrad angelesetzt.
00:24:38"It is Sunday, August 30th.
00:24:41“We have been living in a trench for a week now.
00:24:44"Since the bombing of the 23rd.
00:24:47"All that remains of Stalingrad are charred stones"
00:24:50"and many innocent victims were killed."
00:25:03"September 1st.
00:25:05"In a few days, the Germans made new breakthroughs.
00:25:09"Our forces are retreating."
00:25:11"The Germans are at the gates of the city in several places.
00:25:16"On August 27, they bombed the Barricade factory.
00:25:21"Our air force is hardly effective, especially our fighter jets.
00:25:25"The Germans are above the city all day."
00:25:30“Today, I was able to observe closely, from about a kilometer away,
00:25:34"Our tanks in action."
00:25:36"They are advancing directly towards the enemy's mines and anti-tank guns.
00:25:40"They are sacrificing themselves for nothing."
00:25:44"In the space of 20 or 30 minutes, the Germans annihilated about fifteen of our T-34s.
00:25:49"While we only neutralized two of their tanks."
00:25:59"September 4th. I don't know when all this will end."
00:26:03"How many tears have been shed in the last 13 days?"
00:26:06"The bombing continues even though there is nothing left to bomb."
00:26:10"This lasted all night and just before sunrise,"
00:26:13"They threw firebombs in our street."
00:26:16“We found ourselves in a circle of fire,”
00:26:18"But thank God, we came out of it unharmed."
00:26:21"Oh Lord, will we survive all this?"
00:26:25“Barricades are being erected in the streets.”
00:26:27"The worst nightmare is clearly yet to come."
00:26:30"I am writing this on a step of the staircase that leads to our underground shelter.
00:26:35"Dear diary, when will all this suffering end?"
00:26:41"Under a carriage entrance, on a pile of miscellaneous objects,
00:26:44"The residents of a burned-down building are eating cabbage soup."
00:26:48“On the ground, an example of humiliated and offended.”
00:26:52"A fighter said to them in passing, you too are humiliated and offended.
00:26:58"A young girl replies, offended yes, humiliated no.
00:27:03"The day in our shelter unfolded like this.
00:27:09“In the morning, with the sun barely up and calm restored,
00:27:13“Mother would come out of the trench and go to the kitchen.”
00:27:16"We heated the kettle, which was full of rust-colored water,
00:27:20"We baked good bread."
00:27:22"And when everything was ready, we sat down to eat."
00:27:25"When there was no water, we had to go and fetch some from the Volga,"
00:27:29"which was not always possible."
00:27:31“During the day, when planes were circling in the sky”
00:27:34"and as the anti-aircraft gunfire rang out,"
00:27:37"We admired the spectacle, even though it wasn't very pleasant.
00:27:41"Quiet days were very rare."
00:27:43“Most of the time, we were forced to stay at the back of the shelter,”
00:27:47"listening to the terrible rumble of the bombings"
00:27:50"and the explosions that made everything shake."
00:27:53"Sometimes, the rocket-propelled quests or barges would take up positions at intersections.
00:27:58"The shells, as they crossed the sky, left behind a black smoke during the day."
00:28:02"and a trail of fire at night."
00:28:13“On September 13, Oleg’s family managed to cross the Volga
00:28:19"on board a motorboat."
00:28:21"He will survive the war and become a renowned linguist."
00:28:25" .
00:28:28Subtitling by Radio-Canada
00:28:58Stalingrad is in danger of falling; all available forces must be mobilized immediately; any form of delay is tantamount to a crime.
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00:38:05The division is perfectly supplied. Hot meals, clean clothes, chocolate, condensed milk, the wounded are evacuated in an exemplary manner.
00:38:14We have reserves for three days and reinforcements in men, Uzbeks.
00:38:21Massive offensives have been replaced by sniper fire. Warfare is constantly evolving.
00:38:28A building is stormed by a group of ten men armed with a few bottles.
00:38:31A reinforcement group, ammunition, six days' worth of supplies, a trench dug in case of encirclement.
00:38:39The division spread out among the different buildings, like on a chessboard, facing the Germans.
00:38:45Gathering intelligence is very difficult. Morale is low, but I'm okay.
00:38:50Lice are gotten rid of by hitting the braziers with a heated iron.
00:38:54We live in cellars, apartments, or covered trenches.
00:39:00People, people, people are precious.
00:39:05First, they launched an attack against the Germans who were approaching the river.
00:39:10They took Mamayev's gourd at a rate of 10-15 attacks per day.
00:39:18By the end of October, the Wehrmacht had gained a foothold in six out of seven districts.
00:39:23The industrial complexes in the north of the city are particularly contested.
00:39:28This is also where Seraphima Voronina is trapped.
00:39:33October 25th. We are in the shelter and we are not leaving it.
00:39:38A few problems. The lice are eating us alive.
00:39:41At night, we sleep sitting up because the shelter is cramped and there are a lot of people.
00:39:45My God, when will our torment end?
00:39:48Yesterday at dawn, an old man came by to tell us that our forces were stationed on a narrow strip of land.
00:39:53which runs from the railway line to the Volga
00:39:56and which passes through the place where we are.
00:39:59We are on the front line.
00:40:02We cannot leave.
00:40:04We can only leave it to fate.
00:40:07As I write these lines, the bombs continue to fall.
00:40:11They are bombing the factory.
00:40:13It's burning on that side.
00:40:15Ultimately, the Germans can't be that strong after all.
00:40:18to take so long to capture the city.
00:40:22These are the last lines of Seraphima Voronina's diary.
00:40:27A Red Army soldier will find it in the rubble and keep it.
00:40:31This is the only trace the young woman left behind.
00:40:42That is to say, it is the army of the army of the army of the army
00:40:46of the army of the army of the army of the army of the army of the army of the army of the army of the
00:40:52the army of the army of the army of the army of the army of the army of the army
00:40:52of the army of the army of the army of the army of the army of the army of the army of the army of the
00:40:56'army of the army of the army of the army of the army of the army of the army of
00:40:57the army of the army of the army of the army of the
00:41:04It started in October.
00:41:05It started in October.
00:41:06It started in October.
00:41:07They received support from October.
00:41:14In each stage, the battles are in place from October.
00:41:24There's an October coup.
00:41:26The victory of October.
00:41:32The victory of October.
00:41:49Cherov had noticed that it was easier for him to reach a man who was walking
00:41:53than when he was motionless.
00:41:55He then hit him right in the head.
00:41:57He had made another discovery that allowed him to remain unseen by his opponent.
00:42:02A shooter is most often spotted by the light when they take out their weapon.
00:42:07When he fired, Cherov always made sure to be in front of a white wall.
00:42:11Because on a white forehead, you can't see the glow of the discharge.
00:42:17He no longer wanted the Germans to march through the city with their heads held high.
00:42:20They drink clear water, have breakfast and then lunch.
00:42:24He only wanted one thing: to bury them underground.
00:42:28Young Cherov, who loved books and geography so much, who dreamed of faraway journeys,
00:42:34this loving son and brother who, as a child, refused to use a slingshot
00:42:38To avoid harming a living being, he had become a formidable killer.
00:42:43an exterminator of occupants.
00:43:08This report, filmed at the end of October and broadcast a month later
00:43:13in German cinemas, is the latest that the cinema news
00:43:17dedicate themselves to Stalingrad.
00:43:19After that, there was no more news about Stalingrad.
00:43:22«Zerstœurte Industriewerke.
00:43:40»Kampfpause hart am Feind.
00:43:42Die Essenholer haben Verpflegung herangebracht.
00:43:45Die Schlachtung Stalingrad stellt ungeheure Anforderungen an die seelischen
00:43:49et de körperlichen Kräfte jedes einzelnen Mannes.
00:44:11Those who resist on both sides can barely stand and continue to fight.
00:44:37November 7.
00:44:39Speech by the Commander-in-Chief on the anniversary of the October Revolution.
00:44:43“Stalingradskaya bit does not imitate its history.
00:44:49For a 90-day non-premium attack,
00:44:54This is based on the latest technology.
00:44:56Please note that the same thing happens to you.
00:45:01Вот уже три месяца противник атакует непрерывную
00:45:04Сталинградскую твердень.
00:45:06No big steel-bodied волей,
00:45:11protecting Сталинград, protecting его,
00:45:13и никогда не удастся фашистским гражданцам владеть этой тверденью.
00:45:25Stalingrad's army commanders,
00:45:28The railway station of Stalting was able to cope with the Hyperplane,
00:45:32It was designed for the 42-year-old campground.
00:45:35“It’s been said by our war”.
00:45:51Субтитры создавал DimaTorzok
00:45:52Субтитры создавал DimaTorzok
00:45:52Субтитры создавал DimaTorzok
00:46:21Субтитры создавал DimaTorzok
00:46:23"November 13th."
00:46:27A letter was found on the body of the fascist officer.
00:46:30killed in the sector of the 344th Regiment of the 138th Division.
00:46:36This is what he wrote on November 11th.
00:46:38"We only have one kilometer left to reach the Volga,"
00:46:43but we are unable to make progress.
00:46:45We have been fighting for this kilometer for more time
00:46:48that it didn't take much for us to conquer all of France.
00:46:50We have lost more soldiers here than in the capture of Sevastopol.
00:46:54But the Russians are resisting, like blocks of stone.
00:46:59Hitler's hawks have finally realized that they will not have Stalingrad
00:47:02and that the banks of the Volga will be their cemetery.
00:47:13Mid-November, the arrival of winter.
00:47:16The Wehrmacht occupies approximately 90% of the city.
00:47:19The Soviet 62nd Army still holds a narrow strip of land along the Volga.
00:47:28“On the front lines, we often talk about courage.
00:47:31Conversations on this topic usually turn into arguments.
00:47:36Some say that courage is a form of recklessness that one feels in combat.
00:47:41The others admit that in the most valiant acts, they experience genuine fear.
00:47:46They really have to pull themselves together and force themselves, through sheer willpower, to keep their heads held high.
00:47:52to fulfill their duties and face death.
00:47:57"The elite corps tell you they are courageous because they have convinced themselves that they are..."
00:48:02will always come out.
00:48:17Vassily Grossman would write his great novel about Stalingrad, "Life and Fate After the War".
00:48:24But we would have to wait for Mireille Gorbachev and her perestroika.
00:48:28for the book to be published and become a huge worldwide success,
00:48:32well after the death of its author, who died in 1964.
00:48:54Preparations for the counter-offensive near Stalingrad,
00:48:57Operation Uranus.
00:49:00The Soviet high command mobilized strategic reserves,
00:49:04fresh troops from the hinterland.
00:49:06In total, more than a million soldiers.
00:49:11The objective was to encircle and eliminate the German 6th Army and its allies.
00:49:15Here we go.
00:49:17Here we go.
00:49:21Here we go.
00:49:29Here we go.
00:49:31Here we go.
00:49:44Here we go.
00:49:48Here we go.
00:49:49Here we go.
00:49:51Here we go.
00:49:53Here we go.
00:50:03November 19th.
00:50:05Today, our neighbors, the battalions of the Southwest and Don fronts, launched a decisive offensive.
00:50:12State information services are not talking about it yet.
00:50:15But we know for our part that this offensive is progressing well and that it has completely taken the Germans by surprise.
00:50:20by surprise.
00:50:23November 20th.
00:50:25It's our turn.
00:50:28Today, at daybreak, the Stalingrad front went on the offensive.
00:50:34We had been waiting for this day for a long time.
00:50:42On the battlefield, Gisun Roumain is one of us.
00:50:47The Romanian has a sheet of paper and a child's drawing on him.
00:50:52A rabbit and a boat.
00:50:54The Soviet, a letter.
00:50:57Hello, or perhaps good evening, Dad.
00:51:01And at the end of the letter,
00:51:03Come home quickly, Dad.
00:51:05The house is sad without you.
00:51:08I miss you so much.
00:51:10Come for at least an hour so I can see you.
00:51:13I am writing to you while crying my eyes out.
00:51:16Your daughter Nina.
00:51:36November 23.
00:51:38The Red Army formed a huge circle around the German 6th Army led by General Paulus.
00:51:45More than 300,000 men are trapped in Stalingrad.
00:51:50These images showing the joining of Soviet troops were staged for the camera.
00:51:56In reality, the connection was made in the late afternoon, in the dark.
00:52:02While crossing the Volga, we saw steamboats passing by, towing barges filled with
00:52:09Romanian prisoners.
00:52:13Dressed in worn-out capes and tall white hats, they stamped their feet and rubbed their frozen hands.
00:52:21"There they are, they've seen the Volga!" exclaimed the sailors.
00:52:30As a general rule, 200 prisoners are transported by two or three Red Army soldiers.
00:52:39The Romanians march with discipline.
00:52:42Sometimes even in formation, marching in step, rattling their mess tins and water bottles,
00:52:47breasts made of ropes and bits of wire, shoulders covered with brightly colored blankets.
00:53:10The Romanian Third Army, allied with the Germans, was annihilated.
00:53:1529,000 soldiers are taken prisoner.
00:53:39November 24th.
00:53:41Now it's our turn to be trapped, for the first time.
00:53:44There remains a small breach to the southwest, but it is out of reach.
00:53:48because we are stuck at the other end.
00:53:51100 Juncker U-52s provide us with air supplies.
00:53:56At 9:30 a.m., we received a telegram from the army corps.
00:54:00Order to prepare for the destruction of all superfluous devices, luggage, files and vehicles.
00:54:06The retreat and abandonment of Stalingrad are therefore a done deal.
00:54:10We are all saddened, for there is nothing more depressing than destroying what we have built.
00:54:14built
00:54:15and to abandon a position won through blood, sacrifice, and superhuman effort.
00:54:30November 26.
00:54:31Fighter jets are attacking our command post.
00:54:35A few bombs fall between the bunkers without causing damage.
00:54:38The planes dropped leaflets with a special communiqué from the Russians.
00:54:42Drilled and operated over a width of 30 km and a depth of 70 km.
00:54:47German tropes surrounded at Stalingrad.
00:54:50The Führer will not abandon us after ordering us to stand firm.
00:54:55By evening, we knew for sure.
00:54:57Our entire sixth army is surrounded.
00:55:01We weren't supposed to tell the men anything, which only added to the anxiety.
00:55:12In early January 1943, Major Von Lossow was wounded and evacuated by plane.
00:55:18His detachment numbered approximately 400 men.
00:55:22Only four will survive.
00:55:26That is to say, there are
00:56:01December 9
00:56:03When will the fighting finally end?
00:56:06I terribly miss working in peacetime.
00:56:09Even though I know it won't be easy
00:56:12The city is destroyed
00:56:14Many factories are being demolished
00:56:17Hitler's troops looted and ransacked the neighborhoods they occupied.
00:56:21We are preparing short-term plans
00:56:24The hardest part is behind us.
00:56:26The German army is blocked in Stalingrad
00:56:29But tough battles still lie ahead.
00:56:32And there is still much to be done to achieve total victory.
00:56:47Last night in Rheilgorod
00:56:48We received a visit from our German friends.
00:56:51Walter Ulbricht, Erich Weinhardt and Willy Bredel
00:56:55We welcomed them warmly and fraternally.
00:56:58They want to address the surrounded German-fascist troops.
00:57:02To convince them that it is pointless to continue resisting
00:57:10December 16
00:57:12The technicians are trudging down the slope
00:57:15To bring the loudspeakers as close as possible to enemy lines
00:57:19I put all my persuasive power into my words
00:57:23A semi-improvised poem to conclude my speech
00:57:27Has God abandoned you?
00:57:29So let those who want to die die?
00:57:31But you, say stop while there's still time
00:57:33Faced with imminent massacres
00:57:35Leave your trenches unarmed
00:57:37Three men have already left
00:57:39Those who surrender choose life
00:57:42And they will see their motherland again
00:57:46Excerpts from letters written by German soldiers
00:57:49Surrounded at Stalingrad
00:57:52None of them arrived at their destination.
00:57:55My dear mother
00:57:56Will I ever be near you again?
00:57:59Will I ever find your tenderness and the gentleness of your gestures again?
00:58:01This happiness seems barely imaginable to me today.
00:58:06No one here is wondering what the new year will bring us.
00:58:09We no longer have any requirements
00:58:10And we no longer expect much.
00:58:12For fear of being too disappointed
00:58:16Sometimes I pray that my situation will improve.
00:58:18And sometimes I curse him
00:58:20When nothing makes sense anymore
00:58:22I await deliverance
00:58:23But I don't know when or how she will arrive.
00:58:26My dear parents
00:58:28Send me food if you can
00:58:30It pains me to write it
00:58:31But my hunger is too great
00:58:34If you could see us
00:58:36Me and my friends
00:58:37You would think that death was standing right in front of you
00:58:42Today
00:58:42A supply ship collapsed due to weakness.
00:58:45After fifty steps
00:58:46He was dead before we could bring him back to the bunker.
00:58:50The number one enemy remains hunger
00:58:53She makes us suffer so much
00:58:54Let us search the Russian corpses
00:58:56Looking for bread
00:58:58We often find chickpea flour
00:59:00Which we cook with hot water
00:59:01Without that one of course
00:59:03So
00:59:04You can imagine how hungry we are.
00:59:09A German military cemetery near Volgograd
00:59:1361,700 soldiers are buried here
00:59:18January 8, 1943
00:59:21Dinner with the general
00:59:23He told me that an honorable surrender
00:59:25It was going to be proposed to Paulus
00:59:27An ultimatum must be sent tonight.
00:59:29To the surrounded Germans
00:59:32As it is written in German
00:59:33I am asked to read it over the microphone.
00:59:42All German troops were surrounded.
00:59:43You and the general staff at your head
00:59:45All resistance must cease
00:59:48All the forces of the Wehrmacht
00:59:50Must go simultaneously
00:59:53We await your written reply by January 9, 1943.
00:59:56At 3:00 PM Moscow time
01:00:02The Germans fire on the Soviet negotiators
01:00:05It was only on the second attempt
01:00:08The day after
01:00:08That the text can finally be transmitted
01:00:27The Soviet generals see their ultimatum rejected by Paulus
01:00:31January 10th
01:00:32The offensive against the Stalingrad pocket
01:00:35Stalingrad is launched under the name Operation Coltso
01:00:38Ring in Russian
01:00:43I must tell you very sincerely
01:00:44I would prefer a quick ending
01:00:46Rather than a slow and inevitable death
01:00:48To put it with dignity
01:00:58The situation is becoming increasingly difficult.
01:01:00We're at our wits' end
01:01:02If nothing happens quickly
01:01:04We are all going to perish
01:01:07We are already losing courage
01:01:09Because we were promised outside help
01:01:11But fate decided otherwise.
01:01:15Please stay calm
01:01:16And don't act hastily.
01:01:19We will fight to the end
01:01:20And from then on
01:01:21God will not refuse us his help
01:01:24I really hope so
01:01:25That we will see each other again
01:01:31This is the last letter
01:01:33That I can send you
01:01:35We were unlucky this time.
01:01:37When these lines reach you
01:01:39Your son will no longer be here.
01:01:42I mean
01:01:43That he will no longer be of this world
01:02:02January 14
01:02:04The strength of the offensive is not weakening
01:02:07We have learned of a gigantic breakthrough
01:02:10Isolated the western part of the pocket
01:02:11Up to Karpovka
01:02:25Karpovka is a large village
01:02:27Which resembles a huge flea market
01:02:31They are just inverted cannons.
01:02:33Tanks jammed
01:02:34Abandoned trucks in the middle of the roads
01:02:37They even left the machine guns behind.
01:02:40Ammunition is piling up everywhere
01:02:41Grenades, bombs
01:02:44They had to leave their holes
01:02:45In the rush
01:02:46Who looks like a Kris
01:03:17A detachment of prisoners is dragging itself along the main street.
01:03:21Half of them are limping, their feet are so frozen.
01:03:25Filthy faces stare at me with vacant eyes.
01:03:29"That was horrible, sir," a tall individual with a thick, woolly black beard told me.
01:03:33"Until the end of my life, I will remember that shelling. I don't know how I
01:03:37I got through it.
01:03:39"Then why didn't you surrender before the offensive began, you bunch of idiots?" I told them.
01:03:43?
01:03:44"And now they all start moaning like a bunch of old women. But sir, if
01:03:49We had had a choice, we would have made it a long time ago. But how do you expect a simple soldier to go
01:03:54against the orders of his officers?
01:04:31January 15th. The offensive is progressing rapidly. The pocket is now divided into several parts.
01:04:39In some places, they would still put up a desperate resistance. Elsewhere, they would abandon everything and disappear at the first artillery fire.
01:04:50The air vibrates again. There must be terrible clashes not far from here.
01:05:06The noose is tightening around Stalingrad. The airlift, set up to supply the Sixth Army, is collapsing.
01:05:24On January 25, the Stalingrad pocket, which now measured only 24 km by 15 km, was breached and cut off
01:05:32in two.
01:05:33The old town to the south, the industrial zone to the north.
01:05:40The cameramen were spread out among the different combat units, so that no sector would be overlooked.
01:05:46So that in these historic times, not a single episode escapes the cameras.
01:05:50In recent days, while two small, encircled German groups were still resisting,
01:05:54But knowing their time was limited, the cameramen filmed continuously.
01:05:58not wasting a minute of these short winter days.
01:06:01On January 25th, the industrial zone to the north.
01:06:39Hitler's radio messages from January 24, 1943.
01:06:43The army holds its position until the last man, until the last round of ammunition.
01:06:48Thanks to her heroic tenacity, she made a memorable contribution to the construction of the defensive front.
01:06:54and to the safeguarding of the West.
01:07:13January 27.
01:07:15Prisoners are pouring in from all sides.
01:07:19Specters wrapped in rags, wandering and limping.
01:07:23This is what Napoleon's grenadiers must have looked like after crossing the Berezina.
01:07:30The main problem now is housing and feeding these shipwrecked people.
01:07:35while waiting to transfer them elsewhere.
01:07:37The bravest among them must immediately set off, a loaf of bread under their arm.
01:07:42to the central depot in Karpovka.
01:07:44A journey of 25 kilometers.
01:07:47General Rokossovsky, commander of the Don front.
01:07:52In 1945, he conquered East Prussia and Pomerania.
01:08:01The weakest, those suffering from frostbite,
01:08:04are temporarily piled up in all available bunkers and sheds.
01:08:09Supplying food to these thousands of men is particularly difficult.
01:08:14Especially since the trucks are making slow progress through the snow.
01:08:25In July 1943, Erich Weinhardt was appointed president of an organization of German prisoners of war.
01:08:32created under the auspices of Stalin.
01:08:35The National Committee for a Free Germany will be a breeding ground for cadres for a future German state.
01:08:44Soviet tanks occupy the city center of Stalingrad.
01:08:48The end of suffering is near.
01:08:49The end of suffering is near.
01:09:05General Rokossovsky, General Rokossovsky.
01:09:17General Rokossovsky.
01:09:19General Rokossovsky.
01:09:41the guerrillas, the usilies insofar as they denied and
01:09:45the deniss the arrival front against the arrival camp.
01:09:51They denied the arrival of the camp at the arrival point.
01:09:54the deniss the arrival of the arrival camp.
01:09:57They sat down in the finish line camp,
01:09:58and I'm sure that the last last
01:10:02is the camp of the arrival of the arrival against the arrival
01:10:24In April 1945, Chuikov played a leading role in the capture of Berlin.
01:10:33These exhausted victors still have a long way to go.
01:10:44The corpses of German soldiers are being gnawed by animals.
01:10:48190,000 fell during the Battle of Stalingrad.
01:10:59Alongside the fighting, it was necessary to film the very large number of German soldiers and officers who were surrendering their weapons.
01:11:04And the capitulation of the generals who had dispatched their negotiators all over the place.
01:11:18In a sector in the western suburbs of Stalingrad, we filmed the surrender of the commander of the 376th
01:11:25division, General von Daniels.
01:11:28When the general was told where the front line was now, his eyes widened.
01:11:35In
01:12:05January 31st. We filmed Paolos upon his arrival at the command post of the battalion he had taken prisoner.
01:12:13A car from the German general staff arrived.
01:12:15Paolos got out, looking gloomy and unshaven.
01:12:20If Field Marshal himself looked so defeated, what could be expected of these soldiers?
01:12:31From the window, we saw a group of cars approaching.
01:12:36"Well, apparently here they are!" exclaimed General Shumilov, standing up.
01:12:41His youthful face suddenly displayed an expression that was both worried and vaguely triumphant.
01:12:47A thin soldier dressed in a threadbare tunic was brought in.
01:12:51It was German Field Marshal Paolos.
01:12:54He was accompanied by his aide-de-camp, Colonel Adam.
01:12:57And from the Chief of Staff, Schmitt.
01:13:00The door to the next room was opened.
01:13:02There were about twenty correspondents there.
01:13:05The room was small and they were all standing huddled together, trying to see something.
01:13:11Shumilov, your papers please.
01:13:16Paolos, I have my military service record.
01:13:20A document proving that you are indeed a general, promoted to field marshal?
01:13:25I don't have any.
01:13:28There is a telegram about this.
01:13:31I was notified by radio of the Führer's decision.
01:13:37At the beginning of the interview, Paolos said he was annoyed by the presence of all his correspondents, photographers and filmmakers,
01:13:43and asked that the conversation continue without them.
01:13:48Shumilov replied, "Your press is showing all of Germany our captured soldiers and officers."
01:13:54We must therefore show the whole world the Field Marshal we have taken prisoner.
01:14:03Finding myself face to face with Paolos, I couldn't help but ask him through an interpreter
01:14:08Why had they destroyed Stalingrad with such ferocity, with such savagery?
01:14:14"War is war," Paolos replied, "and I was only following orders."
01:14:20From above.
01:14:22The day before, Hitler promoted Paolos to the rank of Field Marshal, the second highest rank in the army.
01:14:29'German army.'
01:14:30Because never in the history of Germany had a field marshal surrendered.
01:14:35A promotion that effectively ordered Paolos to either die a hero or commit suicide.
01:14:43The small house that housed the headquarters of the Soviet 64th Army still exists.
01:14:50Paolos has surrendered, but the battle is not over.
01:14:54Fighting continues in the northern pocket, around the factories.
01:14:59February 2nd.
01:15:02Today, troops on the Don front launched their final assault against the enemy.
01:15:07entrenched in the Stalingrad factory district,
01:15:10particularly in the workshops of the city's tractor factory.
01:15:13This factory is therefore the place in Stalingrad where the fighting lasted the longest.
01:15:19A unit of the people's militia led the first fighting there on August 23, 1942.
01:15:24And on February 2, 1943, Soviet troops sealed the total defeat of the fascist invaders there.
01:15:35The Battle of Stalingrad is over.
01:15:41Alexei Chouyanov remained party secretary in Stalingrad until 1946.
01:15:48He died in 1977.
01:15:51He is buried at the memorial erected on Mamayev Hill in Stalingrad.
01:16:20Images taken by cameramen have been pouring into the front headquarters for the past few hours.
01:16:24From all sectors of Stalingrad.
01:16:27Early in the morning, we dropped off approximately 2000 meters of film at the airfield.
01:16:32where a specially chartered plane was waiting.
01:16:35This film was sent to the central studio to be developed as soon as possible.
01:16:42Romain Carmen and his camera were on all fronts.
01:16:47In Spain during the Civil War, in China, at the Siege of Moscow, at Stalingrad, in Berlin, in Indochina and in
01:16:54Cuba.
01:16:55He chronicled the wars and conflicts of the 20th century in images.
01:17:06Returning to a city in ruins.
01:17:26February 3rd.
01:17:27The thermometer still reads -30.
01:17:31In the afternoon, we walked about a hundred meters along a narrow path to reach the summit of
01:17:36Mamayev Hill.
01:17:39Between the shattered trunks of the fruit trees lay helmets, cartridges, and grenade fragments.
01:17:47A few patches of snow covered the broken and frozen ground.
01:17:51I didn't see any dead bodies.
01:17:53Only a large skull, blackened by time, whose white teeth gave us a mocking smile.
01:18:00Did it belong to a Russian or a German?
01:18:03A major explained to us that the Russians had been buried,
01:18:06but that 1500 Germans were still crowded together on the other side of the hill.
01:18:14Tours of the devastated city are being organized for foreign journalists based in Moscow.
01:18:31It was clear that Stalingrad had once been a modern city.
01:18:34The center, like the factories, was recent, built in the last 10 to 12 years.
01:18:40In the central square, large apartment buildings now gutted,
01:18:45administrative buildings and the destroyed train station.
01:18:49It had changed hands several times during the violent fighting in September.
01:18:54In the middle of the square, a fountain.
01:18:58Half-destroyed, the statues of children continued their joyful dance around the frozen fountain.
01:19:06In one corner of the square, a huge pile of debris had been gathered.
01:19:11Letters, cards, and books.
01:19:13Photographs of German children and German women looking contentedly across the Rhine.
01:19:19A Catholic prayer book with a green cover.
01:19:22A letter from a boy named Rudy that said
01:19:25"Now that you have conquered the great fortress of Sevastopol,
01:19:29The war against those damn Bolsheviks will soon be over.
01:19:43More than 90,000 German soldiers were taken prisoner.
01:19:47Only 6,000 of them will return to Germany.
01:19:57February 3rd.
01:19:58After taking a bath, Paulus rejoins the other generals.
01:20:02They don't know they are being filmed.
01:20:05But the cameramen are already waiting for them near the building.
01:20:08"Paulus, all of this is useless."
01:20:12"Schmitt is more than useless, he's a scandal."
01:20:16They turn away from the objective.
01:20:20They get in the car and drive to the building where the other generals are located.
01:20:27The remaining officers arrived in several cars.
01:20:30including General Walter Heitz.
01:20:32The cameramen feverishly film the reunion.
01:20:36Paulus shakes hands, one after the other,
01:20:39addressing a few words.
01:20:41"Hello my friends."
01:20:43Let us show compassion and dignity.
01:20:47Lieutenant Tarabrine was placed at the disposal of General Feldmarshal.
01:20:52The prisoners are unaware that he understands and records all their exchanges in writing.
01:21:06The cameras keep rolling.
01:21:08The generals, divided into several groups, are talking animatedly.
01:21:12The conversations essentially revolve around the question of who is here and who is not.
01:21:19Paulus is calm.
01:21:20He looks straight into the camera.
01:21:23Schmitt is nervous and tries to look away from the camera.
01:21:26When a more enterprising cameraman approaches him and touches him,
01:21:30with a sarcastic smile,
01:21:32He covers the lens with his hand.
01:21:35The other generals barely reacted to the cameras.
01:21:39Some people are apparently trying to be filmed.
01:21:41in particular next to Paulus.
01:21:43A colonel circulates among them, constantly repeating,
01:21:47"It's nothing, it's nothing."
01:21:49Let's not get upset.
01:21:50The important thing is that we're all alive.
01:21:54Nobody pays him any attention.
01:21:56Filming has wrapped.
01:21:58People are dispersing.
01:22:00Paulus, Adam and Schmitt return to their barracks.
01:22:03Schmitt, a piece of cake.
01:22:06A sure way to catch a cold after a bath.
01:22:09Everything is designed to make us get sick.
01:22:11Paulus, the worst thing is his cameras.
01:22:14A disgrace.
01:22:16The marshal is probably unaware of this.
01:22:19"This is an attack on dignity."
01:22:22But what can you do, I'm a prisoner.
01:22:24It's a good thing that we can't predict our destiny.
01:22:27If I had known that one day I would be a field marshal and the next a prisoner,
01:22:31a play on such a subject,
01:22:34"You wouldn't even believe it."
01:22:39Paulus remained a prisoner of war in the Soviet Union until 1953.
01:22:45He then lived in East Germany until his death in 1957.
01:22:57February 4th.
01:22:58The entire city was literally devastated.
01:23:01Only ruins remained.
01:23:02I don't know if any buildings were intact.
01:23:05Destroyed military equipment was visible everywhere.
01:23:08Primarily German.
01:23:10Many corpses as well,
01:23:11which had not been collected.
01:23:13And very few people alive.
01:23:16The inhabitants walked like shadows,
01:23:19emaciated and gripped by hunger.
01:23:40A young boy of 12 or 13 years old suddenly appeared out of nowhere.
01:23:44"How did you survive here?"
01:23:46He was filthy, covered in rags.
01:23:49I managed.
01:23:51I ate carrion.
01:23:53Afterwards, at the tannery, there were still plenty of pots left.
01:23:55lots of products.
01:23:57I took a pot, I cut it up,
01:23:59I boiled it, I ate it,
01:24:01and I drank the broth.
01:24:02That's how I survived.
01:24:13The sight of the city was appalling.
01:24:28A meeting was organized.
01:24:31I spoke.
01:24:37Nikita Khrushchev announces the reconstruction of Stalingrad.
01:24:41He succeeded Stalin upon the latter's death in 1953.
01:24:46As part of de-Stalinization, the city will be renamed Volgograde.
01:25:10The hill of Mamaïef, point 102, on the military maps,
01:25:15had been fiercely contested, occupied several times by the Wehrmacht
01:25:19and recaptured by the Red Army.
01:25:21From its summit, you have the entire city in your field of vision.
01:25:25and in their sights.
01:25:29The call of the Motherland.
01:25:31One of the largest statues in the world.
01:25:34More than 470,000 Soviet soldiers died
01:25:38during the battle of Stalingrad and Stimton.
01:25:4135,000 are buried here.
01:25:59Subtitling by Radio-Canada
01:26:42Subtitling by Radio-Canada
01:26:45In the summer of 1942, the city had 750,000 inhabitants and war refugees.
01:26:52In the aftermath of the battle, they numbered a little over 32,000.
01:26:57Civilian casualties are estimated at over 180,000.
01:27:06The fighting lasted 200 days and cost the lives of more than a million human beings.
01:27:30February 23.
01:27:33Today is the first ball.
01:27:35The girls and I couldn't believe it.
01:27:39And then we wondered what we were going to wear.
01:27:42Tonia is afraid of nothing.
01:27:44She went and cut pieces of coat off the corpses of the Germans.
01:27:48We made slippers out of the fabric.
01:27:51And then we made a really thick sugar syrup
01:27:54to coat the slippers and make them shiny.
01:28:00I just hope Mom doesn't find out what I did with the sugar.
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