- hace 1 año
Categoría
🛠️
Estilo de vidaTranscripción
00:00What is Jesus?
00:30Let's not ask ourselves why it might be necessary to read the Old Testament.
00:34If this happens, it shows that we have not understood God's plan or his saving will.
00:42The Old Testament is not a collection of old, out-of-context, or legendary readings that have been superseded.
00:51These are not passages for our entertainment or to shock us.
00:56The story told in the Old Testament is the story of humanity in its constant journey to meet God.
01:05It is the story of human maturation, both individual and collective, in its relationship of friendship with God.
01:14The God who has revealed himself in the Old Testament and who has walked with Israel in its pilgrimage towards the maturation of faith, is the same one who speaks to us in Christ.
01:27All the questions that man has asked himself throughout his history are the same ones that he asks of Israel, and he finds the answers in his covenant with God.
01:39This God who has made a covenant of friendship with Israel is the same God who answers the doubts of humanity, illuminating the people of Israel in their process of growth in faith.
01:54Finally, we must not forget that Jesus came to bring to fulfillment the revelation contained in the Old Testament.
02:02That is why, when Jesus refers to the writings of the fathers, he calls them the scriptures, because he is aware that through them God has spoken and continues to speak to us today.
02:18A characteristic feature of the people of Israel is their awareness of being God's chosen people and, therefore, set apart from the rest of the peoples.
02:30This conviction stems from his own historical experience.
02:35God had called Abraham to make him the father of many nations, giving him numerous descendants and a land flowing with milk and honey.
02:47By fulfilling the promises made to him, he freed his people from slavery in Egypt, guided them through the desert, and gave them his law as a sign of the covenant made with the people.
03:00But it originated when Abraham called and it really has its source in the creation of Adam and Eve.
03:10And as the crowning achievement of this story, he gave them the land he had promised to their parents.
03:14The traditions that were collected over time, along with the reflections of the writers, the oral tradition, and the wisdom of Ezra, look to the past to illuminate the present and project themselves toward a future in which God, the Lord, would fulfill all his promises and be the faithful ally of his people.
03:40In this way, the Pentateuch or Torah becomes the quintessential book of the Jews.
03:47For the Jewish people, the law is what shapes the people, and the history it tells is directed towards it or arises from it as an assessment of fidelity or infidelity to the law given by God to Moses.
04:04The history of the Israelite people developed in several states that still exist today.
04:14Its geographical area is not limited to the strip located between the Jordan River and the Mediterranean Sea.
04:21It includes, in addition to Israel, Lebanon, Syria and Jordan.
04:30The name Canaan became important in the history of Israel from its beginnings, when God called Abram to leave his land, Ur of Chaldea, and embark on a journey to the promised land.
04:44Canaan was the son of Ham, one of Noah's sons, and the land where his descendants settled took his name.
04:54According to Joshua, the land that Israel would inherit encompassed the entire area from the Jordan River to the Mediterranean Sea in a westward direction.
05:04God had told Abram that He would give him all the land that he could see in every direction.
05:12Canaan, the promised land, was not only occupied by the Israelites, but also by various settled and nomadic groups.
05:23It was towards the end of the 13th century BC that the first Israelite groups emerged.
05:30A little further on, the Philistines arrived in the southern region of Canaan.
05:35This region would be called Philistia by the Israelites, and later Palestine by the Greeks and Romans.
05:45By the 4th century AD, the Roman administration was already known only as Palestine.
05:54The history of ancient Israel spans from the 19th century BC until the deportation and diaspora in the first century AD.
06:06in an area between the Mediterranean Sea and the Sinai Desert, the mountains of Lebanon and the desert,
06:15during which time they had to suffer different interventions and dominations by foreigners.
06:22The sources for this period are primarily the biblical writings of the Old Testament, the Talmud, and the Ethiopian book Quebranagast.
06:34and writings of Nicholas of Damascus, Artapanus of Alexandria, Philo, and Flavius Josephus.
06:42Another major source of information is archaeological discoveries in Egypt, Moab, Assyria, or Babylon.
06:51as well as the remains and inscriptions in the study territory of these regions.
06:59Egypt.
07:00It has dominated Canaan since the second millennium.
07:03After the height of the New Kingdom, it declined and intervened in Canaan only through revolts.
07:10being himself dominated by the Assyrians, Babylonians, Persians and finally the Greeks.
07:17Assyria.
07:20It has dominated the Near East since the 9th century.
07:24He conquered Samaria in 722 BC and ended the kingdom of Israel.
07:32From 625 onwards it declined in the face of Babylon.
07:35Babylon.
07:38They were subjected to Assyria, which they managed to dominate from 625 BC onwards.
07:46They attacked the kingdom of Judah and conquered Jerusalem in 597 BC, which was destroyed in 587 BC.
07:56The Persians.
07:59King Cyrus, called the Great, conquered Babylon in 539 BC and created an empire that would fight against the Greeks.
08:13Greece.
08:13The great conqueror Alexander the Great achieved domination of the Persian Empire in approximately 333 BC.
08:24His generals divide his conquests among themselves.
08:27Judea would then be subject to the Lagids of Egypt and later to the Seleucids of Syria.
08:35Rome.
08:36Pompey triumphs over the Seleucids in 63 BC.
08:42Judea was incorporated into the Roman province of Syria.
08:46The Jewish revolts and the conquest of Jerusalem took place in 70 and 135 AD.
08:58The people who appear as protagonists alongside God in the Old Testament are called Israel.
09:06This is the name given by God to his patriarch ancestor.
09:10Therefore, all those members of this people are the children of Israel or the Israelites.
09:18Unlike the current members of the present state of Israel called Israelis.
09:24The term Israelite unites the tribes and inhabitants of the two kingdoms into which they were divided during the time of the monarchy.
09:33Israel and Judah.
09:35This was before the exile to Babylon.
09:38In the accounts of the book of Exodus and the judges, the Egyptians refer to this people more as Hebrews.
09:46The inhabitants of the kingdom of Judah before the exile and afterwards those of the province of Judea were called Judaites, which translated into English is Jews.
09:59The name is also applied to followers of the Jewish religion, that is, Judaism, who live abroad.
10:08It is common to speak of Israelites before the exile and of Jews after it.
10:15Regarding the value that reading and reflecting on the Old Testament has for Christians today,
10:24The dogmatic constitution of Dei Verbum declares the following in its numbers 15 and 16.
10:30The economy of the Old Testament was ordered above all to prepare, prophetically announce, and signify with various figures
10:41the coming of Christ, Universal Redeemer, and of the Messianic Kingdom.
10:46But the books of the Old Testament make known to all the knowledge of God and of man,
10:54and the ways in which God, just and merciful, acts towards men.
10:59Therefore, Christians should devoutly receive these books, which express the living feeling of God.
11:07and in which are contained sublime doctrines about God and a saving wisdom about the life of man
11:14and admirable treasures of prayer, and in which, finally, the mystery of our salvation is latent.
11:24God, therefore, the inspirer and author of both testaments, arranged things so wisely
11:31that the New Testament is latent in the Old, and the Old is present in the New.
11:37For although Christ founded the New Testament on his blood,
11:41However, the books of the Old Testament, received in their entirety in the evangelical proclamation,
11:48They acquire and manifest their full significance in the New Testament,
11:53illustrating and explaining it at the same time.
12:01Thank you!