- hace 1 año
Categoría
🛠️
Estilo de vidaTranscripción
00:00Inspiration is the distinctive characteristic of the sacred scriptures.
00:12The inspiration of sacred books differs from other books written by men.
00:18The inspiration of the Bible cannot be compared to the inspiration of a painter, a
00:24musician or even a poet. We certainly find human works so beautiful that we can only...
00:31to think about the intervention of God's hand in them. Let's think, for example, of a chapel.
00:36The Sistine Chapel ceiling, a work of art like the Pietà, or a beautiful symphony. Yet none of them
00:44These works can be compared to the divine character imprinted on the sacred author through
00:50of the Holy Spirit and that only through him could it have been recorded in writing
00:57as God ordained. Inspiration from the word of God is a divine initiative; it is
01:04a supernatural action that respects the human author, his characteristics and qualities,
01:10But what He does is elevate them above themselves. The Holy Spirit does not annul
01:17Nor does it replace the action of the human author who retains full possession of their faculties.
01:23The human author doesn't just fall into a kind of ecstasy, losing consciousness at the time
01:29of writing. He is not a puppet in God's hands. The action of the Holy Spirit is directed
01:35to elevate natural powers to the supernatural order, in such a way that the result of the work
01:42Let every work of God also be written. To this action of God in the author, Saint Augustine
01:49It names it the instrumental cause. Dei Verbum declares in its eleventh paragraph the revealed truths
01:57The truths contained and manifested in Sacred Scripture were recorded by inspiration, as instructed by God.
02:03of the Holy Spirit. The Holy Mother Church, according to the apostolic faith, has as saints and
02:09The entire books of the Old and New Testaments, with all their parts, are canonical, because
02:15writings inspired by the Holy Spirit have God as their author and as such
02:21They have been entrusted to the same church. But in the writing of the sacred books, God
02:27He chose men whom he used, employing his own faculties and means, so that by acting
02:34He wrote in them and through them, as true authors, everything and only what he
02:40wanted to.
02:42Therefore, everything that inspired authors or agiographers assert must be considered as asserted.
02:49through the Holy Spirit. It must be confessed that the books of Scripture teach firmly,
02:56faithfully and without error, the truth that God wished to record in the sacred letters for
03:01our salvation. Thus, all Scripture is God-breathed and useful for teaching,
03:10to convict, to correct, to educate in justice, so that the man of God may be
03:16Perfect and equipped for any good project.
03:21We said then that the books of the Bible were written down by inspiration of the Spirit
03:26Holy. They have God as their author and the Church considers them, according to faith, to be saints and canonical.
03:34Apostolic tradition enabled the Church to discern which writings constitute the list
03:39of the holy books. This comprehensive list is called the Canon of Scripture. It comprises
03:4746 books for the Old Testament and 27 for the New Testament.
03:52In ecclesiastical literature, the word canon was used by the early Church Fathers
03:59of the Church to signify the norm of faith and truth, that is, the received doctrine
04:05by the apostles and how this doctrine is manifested in a special way in the councils
04:11and in Sacred Scripture. Hence, the definitions of councils were called from
04:17In the 4th century, the Canons, and the books of Sacred Scripture, were called Canonical.
04:23and to the collection of biblical books, the Canon of Holy Scripture.
04:31A book is inspired by the fact that it has God as its author and is canonical insofar as
04:37It was recognized by the Church as inspired. Therefore, canonicity also implies
04:44of inspiration, the Church's official declaration of the inspired character of a
04:50book. Over the centuries, several canons or lists of
04:56Sacred books, from the time of the Persian Empire to the Council of Trent. We see how
05:03The history of the Catholic Bible canon is linked to the history of the Hebrew canon.
05:08The translation we mentioned earlier, the translation from the seventies, contains the
05:13original texts of some of the so-called deuterocanonical books, books that are missing
05:20to Protestant Bibles, and the canonical basis of others, either in part or completely.
05:28The translation of the seventies is the one that was used in the time of Jesus Christ and the apostles.
05:33The Alexandrian or Septuagint version, with the seven deuterocanonical books included,
05:40It spread widely and was the one generally used by Jews in the apostolic era.
05:46For this reason, it is not surprising that this was the translation used by Christ and
05:52The New Testament writers. In fact, 300 of the 350 references to the Old Testament.
05:59The references made in the New Testament are taken from the Alexandrian version.
06:05Therefore, there is no doubt that the apostolic church of the first century accepted the deuterocanonical books
06:12as part of its canon, that is, the books recognized as the word of God.
06:17On the one hand, we have the Alexandrian canon, which is the translation of the seventy into Greek,
06:24made before Christ and accepted by all Christians and many Jews, which contains
06:30the deuterocanonical books. On the other hand, we have the Palestinian canon, compiled in the
06:37Council of Javnia, a Hebrew translation made after Christ.
06:41Historians place the date on which the canons of translations were established at
06:46Alexandria and Palestine in the 2nd century AD. Bishop Melito of Sardis
06:53He recorded the first known list of the Alexandrian canon in the year 170 AD.
06:58of Christ. It contained forty-six books, hence the name long canon. The Palestinian canon
07:05It contained only thirty-nine books, since it did not have the seven deuterocanonical books,
07:11Also known as the short canon. The first translation of the Bible from Greek to Latin
07:17It was written by Saint Jerome and was called the Vulgate in the 4th century AD.
07:23Latin was then the common language in the Mediterranean world. Saint Jerome based his
07:29translation in the Hebrew text of the Palestinian canon, but translated from the Alexandrian canon
07:34the books that were not in the Palestinian canon. That is why the Vulgate has all
07:40the forty-six books of the Old Testament. The canon of the New Testament was defined in
07:47The 4th century, after a long and difficult process of discernment. The very name of New
07:53Testaments were not used until the 2nd century. The criteria used to determine
07:59The canon of the New Testament consisted of three elements. Number one, its apostolicity, that is, that
08:07had its origin in an apostle or one of his collaborators. Number two, its use in the
08:14Public reading, especially in the liturgy in the apostolic churches. Number three, the
08:21conformity with the living faith of the church, that is, they preserved the orthodoxy of the faith.
08:27It was under these criteria that some gospels attributed to the apostles, for example, the
08:34The Gospel of Thomas, the Gospel of Peter, and the Protoevangelium of James were rejected.
08:40All Catholics accepted the canon of the Bible established by the councils. And as
08:46This canon was not a cause of serious controversy until the 16th century; it did not need to be defined
08:52the canon of the Bible as infallible truth. It is at this time that, in response to the Reformation
08:59Promoted by Luther, the definitive canon of the Bible was decreed. This work was carried out within the
09:05The work of the Council of Trent in 1546. Its promulgation required a great deal of time.
09:13discernment among the council attendees. Ten general assemblies and fifteen assemblies were held.
09:20theologians and a special session. In short, almost two months of hard work.
09:27In 1534, Martin Luther translated the Bible into German and grouped the seven books together.
09:34deuterocanonical books under the title of apocryphal, noting, these are books that are not available
09:41They are considered equal to the Holy Scriptures, yet they are useful and good to read. It happens
09:47that these books contained too many truths that conflicted with his mistaken theses,
09:54For example, the catechesis on the existence of purgatory, which they rejected, and which
09:59We find it in 2 Maccabees, chapter 12, verse 46. It is good and holy to pray for the
10:06dead so that they could be freed from their sins. That is how the Protestants arrived
10:12to consider the deuterocanonical books as not accepted in the canon, that is, as apocryphal books.
10:20History proves that what Luther said is not true. All Bibles of any kind
10:25Protestant denominations, following Luther, lack these books of the Old Testament
10:31And if they have them, they place them as an appendix. Luther not only eliminated books from the Old Testament
10:38Testament, but he also dared to make some changes to the translation of the New Testament.
10:55Thank you!