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00:27What's up, brothers?
00:29We are about to finish our Synoptic Gospels course and have left behind all that journey that according to the
00:38According to Luke's view, Jesus had begun his journey by leaving Galilee to ascend to God through his passion,
00:46death and resurrection in the holy city of Jerusalem.
00:51Starting with Luke 9:51, Jesus made the firm decision to go to Jerusalem.
00:59Apparently, knowing what awaited him there, he began from that moment the journey that Lucas providesntially calls
01:10His assumption, in the sense of being taken up to heaven by the hand and will of God.
01:18The destination is no longer on the road, but in sight. Jesus is at the gates of Jerusalem.
01:26Luke has inserted, between the passage of the blind man of Jericho and the triumphal entry into Jerusalem, the arrival of Jesus
01:35to the looting house.
01:37The one who lives in the same city of Jericho and the parable or parables of the noble man who leaves
01:46his country to receive the investiture of king and the parable of the mines.
01:52Mines, like drachmas, talents, and denarii, were coins used in the times of the
02:01Luke's church.
02:03These inserts break with the dynamic that Mark had intended when he said that the blind man of Jericho, once he
02:12He regained his sight and followed Jesus along the road.
02:16Implying that this path was the way of the cross, unlike the disciples and those who followed
02:24to Jesus, who, says Mark, were afraid.
02:28In contrast to Jesus, who walked ahead of them with a firm and determined step.
02:36However, in his theology, Luke presents how plunder, despite his lifestyle, upon receiving Jesus
02:45In his home, he has opened himself to the salvation that comes from God.
02:49In contrast, those who refuse to fulfill their obligations and responsibilities do not work with what they have been given.
02:59entrusted.
03:00So they are far from obtaining such salvation.
03:06Entry into Jerusalem
03:08This passage is one of the passages we find in the four gospels.
03:13Luke, following Mark, offers us only one visit of Jesus to Jerusalem, namely, that of his condemnation and
03:23death on a cross.
03:24For its part, the fourth gospel tells us of at least three visits by Jesus to the Holy City.
03:31John's perspective makes more sense, given that Jesus knows people in Jerusalem who welcome him into their homes.
03:41He also speaks of the times he wanted to gather his people together like a hen with her chicks.
03:49Which would have made no sense if Jesus had only gone to the Holy City once.
03:56Let us also remember that Jesus was a very pious and religious man who faithfully and devoutly followed the Jewish festivals.
04:09They gathered large crowds in the Temple of Jerusalem.
04:13Luke, like Mark, shows us a Jesus who has a certain knowledge about the future,
04:22or a deeper insight by sending two of his disciples to fetch a small, tied-up donkey from the outskirts
04:30of a house.
04:32Because the donkey has no saddle or mount, the disciples use their cloaks for Jesus to sit on.
04:40about them.
04:42Additionally, as a sign of honor, others spread their cloaks as the little animal passes by.
04:49These blankets, laid out on the road, would have the same meaning as what we now call the red carpet.
04:58through which a special welcome is given to renowned or important figures.
05:06Luke omits, as is his custom when avoiding Aramaic words, the use of the word hosanna,
05:14It comes from Psalm 118, and only uses the expression that the Psalm itself offers in its next verse.
05:23Through acclamation, blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord.
05:28This Psalm was recited when groups of pilgrims went up to Jerusalem,
05:34And the original text does not speak of the one who comes in the name of the Lord,
05:40but said he who enters the temple in Jerusalem in the name of Yahweh.
05:46In addition, Luke adds the expression he used during the birth of Jesus
05:52when the angels appeared to the shepherds and sang the glory, wishing peace for all men.
06:01That peace proclaimed when Jesus was born is the same peace that Jesus wanted to bring to Jerusalem
06:08and that the city was never able to accept.
06:11On the contrary, Jesus sees that the time of war is approaching.
06:17which will put an end to the city and its holy temple.
06:20That peace which Jerusalem has rejected is shown in the temple
06:26which has been defiled by vendors and bandits.
06:31God wants your house to be a place of prayer,
06:35where God shows his generosity and benevolence,
06:39and not a marketplace where men try to buy God
06:43so that he will turn a blind eye to their sins and evils.
06:48And once Jesus had cleansed the temple of merchants and bandits,
06:54He starts teaching people, who listen to him with pleasure.
06:59unlike the Jewish authorities who are looking for a way to get rid of him.
07:05The first step taken by the town leaders is to question Jesus' authority.
07:13since he has no formal education,
07:16has not been under the tutelage of a teacher of the law or a scribe
07:21or from a renowned teacher in their hometown,
07:25who could be considered a rabbi.
07:30Nor is he descended from priests,
07:32So, where can their authority come from?
07:36Jesus reminds them that just as John's authority...
07:40It was rooted in God's saving will,
07:44although they did not recognize it,
07:47His authority has also been confirmed by God,
07:51who has given him the ability to speak words that give life and actions that give health.
07:57The entire life and actions of Jesus bear witness that God has sent him.
08:03This rejection by the Jewish authorities is not against Jesus,
08:09but against God,
08:10And Jesus clarifies this through the parable of the murderous tenants.
08:16God entrusted his beloved vineyard to the people of Israel,
08:21and very dear,
08:22But when the time came to deliver the fruits,
08:25Those in charge refused to hand them over.
08:29and they even attacked the envoys sent by the owner of the vineyard.
08:34He finally sent his son,
08:37thinking that they would react favorably to him.
08:42But unfortunately for the owner and his own son,
08:46He was murdered and thrown out of the vineyard.
08:51Because the attack on Jesus' authority did not work,
08:55Now an attack is being orchestrated from the political front.
08:59The Jews,
09:01being subject to Rome,
09:03They delivered the tribute to the Roman prefect,
09:07as we know,
09:08in the time of Jesus,
09:10It is Pontius Pilate,
09:11who delivered the money
09:13to the capital of the empire.
09:15It was the way in which a subjugated people publicly expressed
09:20that was under someone else's authority.
09:24It is sent to a group so that, with a certain degree of malice,
09:28I asked Jesus if it was lawful for a Jew
09:32pay tribute to Tiberius,
09:35reigning Roman emperor.
09:37Jesus knows the bad intention
09:39and asks for a denarius,
09:41which had the image of the emperor
09:44and it had the inscription that stated
09:47that said coin was the possession of Caesar.
09:51Let us remember that when God created humankind,
09:54He made it in his own image and likeness,
09:57in such a way that man carries within his being
10:01the inscription that identifies him as a creature
10:05who owes everything to his Lord.
10:08This is what explains to us that Jesus
10:11ask about the coin
10:13and upon seeing an image and an inscription
10:16who say that said coin
10:18It is the property of the Emperor of Rome,
10:21Then Jesus concludes
10:23that the coins of Tiberius
10:25They must be returned to him.
10:28But human beings,
10:29which is God's property,
10:31It should not belong to anyone else
10:34than to his God and his Lord.
10:37Jesus does not refuse to pay taxes to Caesar,
10:41because the coins are his,
10:43but what it accepts
10:45that there is no authority higher than God,
10:48because God fashioned his image
10:50in all human beings,
10:52including Caesar and his defenders.
10:57Thank you!
11:14Thank you!
11:15Thank you!
11:16Thank you!