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00:27What's up, brothers?
00:29Welcome to another lesson in our Synoptic Gospels course.
00:34Throughout our upcoming classes we will study the beautiful narrative of the Gospel of Saint Mark, in a way that
00:44which will allow us to break down and better understand its theology.
00:50We begin by saying that the work of Saint Mark has a great inclusiveness, since it begins in 1.1 talking about the
00:58good news of Jesus, Messiah and Son of God.
01:02And in 15.39 the Roman centurion, seeing the way Jesus dies on the cross, confesses that
01:10Truly this was the Son of God.
01:14By calling his work the Gospel, he is not designating a written work, but good news, good tidings that must be shared.
01:22to proclaim and announce to all men.
01:25Well, Jesus came to bring good news, to present us with the kingdom of God, and even more, he wants
01:41to establish his reign in the world.
01:44The idea of God's reign has its roots in Isaiah 61.1
01:49The good news that this prophet presents to us is the coming of the kingdom of God.
01:56There we are told that special attention is given to the poor, to whom a very good [promise/deal/is announced].
02:04news.
02:04It also speaks of helping the troubled, of liberating the captives, and of giving the
02:12Freedom for the imprisoned.
02:15Now, although Mark does not place special emphasis on the name of Jesus, as Matthew does in
02:23directly or indirectly, Lucas
02:26If he wants to make it clear that this salvation that God offers to his people, he accomplishes in a very special way.
02:35through Jesus of Nazareth,
02:38whose name means key saves.
02:42This name in itself is announcing, from now on and through the actions of Jesus, salvation and liberation.
02:51Salvation for all men who suffer and live in sadness, desolation, and despair,
03:01and liberation for those oppressed by the devil and his forces.
03:07Furthermore, brothers, Christ is a title given to Jesus and is the Greek translation of the word
03:15Hebrew Messiah,
03:16which means anointed.
03:19It is, therefore, a royal title, due to the history of Israel contained in the Holy Scriptures,
03:27although we also see it in other books about the culture surrounding Israel.
03:32The kings were subjected to a ritual of anointing with oil that symbolized divine election.
03:40In Israel, every king chosen by the Lord to rule God's people received the sacred anointing to
03:50to become the Lord's anointed.
03:53And according to the theology born in the times of David and Solomon, the king, by the very fact of being appointed
04:02king of the people of Israel,
04:04Through this same event, he became a son of God, for according to biblical tradition, the people of Israel were
04:13considered among all peoples as a special son of God,
04:18who was represented before God himself by the king whom the Lord gave them.
04:26Taking into account these two titles, Messiah and Son of God, with which Saint Mark opens his gospel,
04:34The author presents Jesus as king and a just man.
04:39But he also has in his mind faith in the divinity of Jesus, whom the church from the beginning
04:47He worshipped as the son of God.
04:51To present the ministry of the Baptist, Saint Mark rereads or updates three texts from Scripture,
05:01combining them into a single text, which he attributes to the prophet Isaiah.
05:06The texts are, firstly, Exodus, chapter 23, verse 20, in which God promises the people,
05:15Once he has given her the commandments of the covenant, send her an angel,
05:21He will go before Israel to guard them on the way through the wilderness and lead them into the land
05:29fiancee.
05:30Although the text speaks of an angel, it must be remembered that the word angel does not have the same meaning in the
05:37The Old Testament as we have it today,
05:40For while we think of a spiritual being as belonging to an order of spiritual beings,
05:48In the Old Testament, the word angel literally means messenger.
05:55That is, one who carries an important message from God that can bring health, peace, well-being, and blessing.
06:06The other text is Malachi, chapter 3, verse 1, which again mentions the word angel,
06:14But now translated by its concept of mission, that is, the text speaks of a messenger that God had
06:23to send
06:24so that he might prepare the way for God himself.
06:27The text, unlike what Mark does, does not speak of a messenger who prepares the way for his
06:35sent,
06:36but a messenger to prepare the way for God himself, who was to come to judge his people.
06:44Mark sees in this text an opportunity to speak about John the Baptist,
06:49like the messenger God has sent to Israel to prepare the people to receive the one sent or
06:57anointed of the Lord.
06:59And finally, in Isaiah, chapter 40, verse 3, it speaks of a voice that cries out or shouts
07:07that in the desert path a way be prepared for God to draw near to his people and also
07:15I saved him.
07:16The ultimate intention of the text is that God may come soon and without delay to meet with his chosen people.
07:26Marcos interprets these three texts in light of new and yet-to-be-realized events,
07:34That is, the appearance of John the Baptist in the desert as a precursor of Jesus.
07:41John is going to carry out the mission that Scripture entrusted to the messenger,
07:48the precursor of God and the voice that called in the desert to prepare a way for God to come forth
07:57to meet his people.
07:59Mark's main hermeneutical task is to deal with the texts of the Old Testament
08:05in relation to the Christian reality initiated by Jesus.
08:10Brothers, this means that from the very beginning the evangelist considers that everything that is going to happen,
08:19both the mission of John and that of Jesus,
08:22It will be nothing but the continuation of God's saving interventions since the first covenant.
08:29On the other hand, the idea of Saint Mark, based on the preaching of Jesus,
08:35It has an eschatological meaning.
08:37Insofar as it has its sights set on the definitive future,
08:42initiated by God at the very moment he enters into human history
08:48through his Son, Jesus of Nazareth,
08:51and contemplates the realization of salvation in the last days.
08:56John is the voice crying out in the wilderness,
08:59And Jesus is Lord,
09:01whose paths the forerunner prepares with a view to final salvation
09:07that both the Baptist and Jesus consider to be just around the corner.
09:13John's ministry is carried out through deeds and words
09:18that constitute a unit,
09:21baptism and the proclamation of conversion.
09:26John preaches to the people the need to return to God,
09:30conversion that takes place in the one who accepts his baptism with water
09:35and confesses his sins.
09:38These signs, baptism and confession of one's sins,
09:43who are apparently forgiven by accepting baptism,
09:47They are the clearest preparation for that definitive appearance of God
09:52in the history of human salvation.
09:55Three elements make up Juan's message,
09:59and they are conversion to God,
10:02the request for forgiveness of sins,
10:04and baptism as an external sign of the purification wrought by God.
10:12Mark presents John the Baptist as the one who continues the mission of the Old Testament prophets,
10:19whom God chooses to invite the people to conversion and to return to him with all their heart.
10:30The people accepted the Baptist's preaching
10:34And Saint Mark is pleased to describe the success of his preaching,
10:41Well, it tells us that the people from all over the region of Judea and all those from Jerusalem
10:46They came to him and were baptized in the Jordan River and confessed their sins.
11:08Thank you!
11:10Thanks for watching the video.