- 3 months ago
The discussion continues through Romans 16:21–27, outlining the chapter’s greeting structure and identifying Paul’s ministry companions (Timothy, Lucius, Jason, Sosipater), his scribe Tertius, and Corinthian believers sending greetings (Gaius, Erastus, Quartus), with notes on wealth and influence in the early church and an archaeological inscription for Erastus. The group explores what it means that Tertius “wrote” the letter, how amanuenses might take dictation and edit style, and how this relates to inspiration, manuscripts, textual variants, and the meaning of “infallibility.” They debate what “scripture” refers to (Tanakh versus New Testament), interpret 2 Timothy 3:16 in its historical context, and emphasize reading genres differently (Torah law vs histories as pastoral counsel). The closing doxology is examined, including “establish/strengthen,” “my gospel,” the “mystery” now revealed, obedience of faith, the role of the Holy Spirit, warnings about cults and traditions, and the need for humility and personal study.
From Jay Carper at Common Sense Bible Study (https://CommonSenseBibleStudy.com) and American Torah (https://www.AmericanTorah.com).
This content is free, but I accept contributions via Paypal at https://jaycarper.com/paypal.
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From Jay Carper at Common Sense Bible Study (https://CommonSenseBibleStudy.com) and American Torah (https://www.AmericanTorah.com).
This content is free, but I accept contributions via Paypal at https://jaycarper.com/paypal.
Follow me on X: https://jaycarper.com/twitter
Follow me on Facebook: https://jaycarper.com/fbat
Follow me on Whole Bible Community: https://jaycarper.com/ttn
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LearningTranscript
00:00:02welcome june all right we are back in romans or still in romans romans 16 we're on verse 21
00:00:11tonight we got through all of those long greetings in the first half of chapter 16
00:00:17and we have another shorter set of greetings to go through tonight just as kind of a reminder of
00:00:23how this chapter is structured i talked about the five sets of greetings that are in this chapter
00:00:31and the first one is in verses one to two and that's introducing the courier who is phoebe
00:00:36and then verses three to 16 are greetings for the residents of rome verse 21 paul introduces his own
00:00:45ministry team his traveling companions and the very the next verse his scribe introduces himself
00:00:52and then paul sends greetings to the residents or from the residents of corinth so it's the courier
00:01:00going to rome greetings to those in rome greetings from the team from the his scribe and then from
00:01:09the residents of corinth and we are in the middle of that tonight so i'll go ahead and start reading
00:01:16oh and of course the romans chiasm we are way down there at the end in the final greetings
00:01:23verse 21 timothy my fellow worker greets you so do lucius and jason and sosipater my kinsmen
00:01:29i tertius who wrote this letter greet you in the lord gaius who is host to me into the whole
00:01:35church
00:01:35greets you erastus the city treasurer and our brother cordus greet you now to him who is able
00:01:41to strengthen you according to my gospel and the preaching of jesus christ according to the revelation
00:01:46of the mystery that was kept secret for long ages but has now been disclosed and through the prophetic
00:01:51writings has been made known to all nations according to the command of the eternal god to bring about
00:01:57the obedience of faith to the only wise god be glory forevermore through jesus christ amen
00:02:03so i'm pretty sure we'll be able to get through this chapter today if not that's okay
00:02:08it takes as long as it takes going back to beginning in verse 21 this is paul's ministry team
00:02:19introducing the band so some of these people we know some of them we're not really so familiar with
00:02:26timothy of course we know because there are two books of the bible named after him paul writing letters
00:02:31to him he was one of paul's most trusted protégés and paul trusted him with setting up a fellowship
00:02:38local probably a network of home fellowship and some of the things we know about him he had a jewish
00:02:46mother named eustace and his mother and his grandmother brought him up essentially as a jew but
00:02:54timothy's father was greek so biblically he was not part of israel but since he was raised in the
00:03:02faith it was hard to tell the difference except that he was not circumcised probably because his
00:03:07father was greek and would not have gone along with that you can only guess we don't really know
00:03:12paul actually had him circumcised which is an interesting thing because people make the argument from
00:03:20galatians and the things that paul says about circumcision there and in corinthians that
00:03:27circumcision is totally done away with somehow paul didn't get the word because he had timothy
00:03:32circumcised the next guy here is lucius which we can only take some guesses at there are two people
00:03:40who are in scripture that this could be one of them is lucius of cyrene who is mentioned in acts
00:03:4513 1
00:03:46as a prophet and then there's lucas who is also we know as luke who wrote the gospel of luke
00:03:54and the
00:03:54book of acts i think if he had to be one of these i would go with lucius of cyrene
00:04:00but i honestly don't
00:04:02think that he's either one send me if i can find my notes here lucius was apparently a very common
00:04:09name
00:04:09in the first century so paul could have known any number of men named lucius i doubt that he could
00:04:17be luke the gospel writer because this is paul the most of the letter is dictated by paul even though
00:04:24it was written down by this guy named tertius and paul didn't like using people's shortened names or
00:04:30familiar names he preferred using their formal names luke's name was lucas in greek not lucius which is a
00:04:37latin name i can't think of any reason that paul would call him luke in some places and then call
00:04:44him lucius here so i don't think it's the same guy i think this is somebody with a latin name
00:04:50could
00:04:51be lucius of cyrene no reason necessarily to believe it is no particular reason to believe it's not
00:04:58not really sure that it matters and then we've got jason jason was not a common name it wasn't unknown
00:05:05because there's jason the argonaut so there's a myth with a greek myth with a guy named jason in it
00:05:12and this was well known but it wasn't a real common name that people gave their children
00:05:17we do know that there was a jason in thessalonica who was a he was a jew who lived there
00:05:24and he was
00:05:25wealthy he was well known in the city had some influence and he hosted paul and silas while they
00:05:31were in thessalonica but they got into a whole bunch of trouble started a riot with the silversmiths
00:05:37all that kind of stuff and they arrested jason and some other people and then fined them a bunch
00:05:44of money essentially this was to act as a bond say you're going to stop preaching this yeshua character
00:05:52and we're going to hold on to your money just to make sure i suspect that it wasn't safe there
00:05:57for
00:05:58jason anymore and so when paul left thessalonica he took several people with him including timothy and
00:06:06silas and some others probably jason went with him too and he probably wanted to try to protect the
00:06:12rest of his wealth at least that's my guess we don't really know just yeah just best guess seems
00:06:20reasonable to me the next guy so suppose this name is only mentioned one time in scripture right here
00:06:27but the only thing we know about him is that he was a relative of paul there is a so
00:06:33potter the
00:06:34berean son of pyrrhus pyrrhus not sure how to pronounce that name it mentioned in acts 20 as part of
00:06:41paul's traveling group his entourage luke when luke writes in the book of acts he prefers familiar
00:06:51names while paul prefers using formal names so potter is actually a familiar form of sosa potter
00:06:57so it's possible that so potter the berean is the same as sosa potter here and since he was traveling
00:07:04with paul i think that's a pretty reasonable guess but there's no proof it's just possible that it's the
00:07:12same guy i think the idea since jason and sosa potter are both mentioned together and so potter
00:07:19was with paul in thessalonica this seems like they probably both left thessalonica with him
00:07:25as paul travels around he seems to try to select the most promising people wherever he's at
00:07:32and take them under his wing or teach them somehow he sets them apart this is what happened
00:07:40with timothy and titus and silas people that he just picked up along the way actually silas was
00:07:45in the faith before him so that one doesn't really count and i think that's what what's happening here
00:07:50with jason and sosa potter also and paul calls these his kinsmen in that verse and as we talked
00:07:59about before there are a bunch of people in this chapter who are jewish and paul does not call them
00:08:04his kinsmen so i don't think that's what that means i still think when paul says my kinsmen
00:08:10he means that these are from the same tribe these are benjaminites they're scattered all over the roman
00:08:17empire so i doubt that they're his close relatives they might be distant cousins or something
00:08:23but i don't think he means they're his first cousins or his brothers or something like that
00:08:29they're just the same tribe that's my best yes they all have greek names the three men that he calls
00:08:35his kinsmen so solid would have been the greek form of paul's hebrew name it doesn't seem like his
00:08:45family was super hellenized because he had a hebrew name and he was sent to study in jerusalem
00:08:53but since he lived in a greek province it's certainly possible that a lot of other benjaminites
00:08:58were scattered all through that region and were mostly hellenized and so giving their kids greek
00:09:02names all of this is still guesswork just reasonable guesses in verse 22 we get to tertius
00:09:12says tertius who wrote this letter somebody might read this and think oh paul didn't write this letter
00:09:18tertius did except the beginning of the letter says this is from paul tertius was paul's scribe in greek
00:09:24called an amanuensis and this was pretty common because parchment or whatever it is you were
00:09:31writing your letters on was expensive not like you can just go down to the corner store and buy
00:09:37a case of 5 000 pages of printer paper this was really expensive stuff and you didn't want to ruin
00:09:46it
00:09:46so you hired a professional to write your letters for you especially if it was going to be really long
00:09:51and romans is the longest of paul's letters so it makes sense that he hired a professional to do this
00:09:59and tertius is most likely a believer he's part of the fellowship there in corinth
00:10:06but we don't really have any solid proof about who this guy was other than that there are some guesses
00:10:14some people believe that this is luke and that when luke gives his own name he gives he describes himself
00:10:20as tertius i have no idea why he would do that that doesn't make a lot of sense to me
00:10:25this is a
00:10:27latin name and luke was greek wrote in greek so i don't that i don't really buy that one another
00:10:36possibility is that tertius is another name for silas who was a constant companion of paul yeah they
00:10:43were in prison together the reason for this is that tertius means third in latin and silas sounds
00:10:49very close to the hebrew word for third shelishi or shelishi but that seems like it might be a
00:10:56little bit of a stretch silas was definitely in paul's company and likely with him at the time
00:11:02and not mentioned elsewhere in the letter so it seems possible but maybe a stretch one argument that's
00:11:12in favor of this tertius being another name for silas is that in first peter 5 12 peter says that
00:11:20he wrote by sylvanus and sylvanus is usually taken as another form of the name of silas but does that
00:11:29mean peter sent the letter with sylvanus as a courier or that he used sylvanus as his own amanuensis
00:11:35we don't really know the actual words are ambiguous so maybe not in verse 23 we get to gaius gaius
00:11:46was
00:11:46a resident of corinth because he's hosting paul yeah we park on that one for a second
00:11:51so we've referenced paul's writings you've just referenced was it luke that also had a scribe
00:12:03probably not luke probably wrote his own stuff peter may have used a scribe
00:12:08actually if you look at peter's two letters first peter and second peter are very different in
00:12:13writing styles so it's very likely that one of those he used a scribe and the other one he wrote
00:12:19himself okay any others not that i know of but they don't necessarily put their name in it when they
00:12:27do
00:12:27okay so i have always looked at the bible as god-inspired and god-breathed and holy spirit
00:12:39inspired this concept of it being written through a scribe is i never really gave it much thought
00:12:45until you just brought this up i have a question as to when a scribe is writing would they
00:12:55listen to what is being divulged by paul or whomever else or peter and write down verbatim what they
00:13:07were translating or what they were scribing or would they have inserted their own style and such and if so
00:13:19the god-inspired the the bible being the word of god going through a filter is it's a unique thought
00:13:27i've not really pondered that before any comments or i'm not i don't really have a question it's just
00:13:34my mind's sort of yeah triggered right now i'm like oh yeah that's a good thought
00:13:40there's there are other cases in the bible where there are similar questions for example there are
00:13:47some places in genesis where it appears that somebody long after the fact went in and edited
00:13:53some place names so there's a place named dan in the book of genesis but that place wasn't called
00:14:00dan that we know of until many years later when the tribe of dan conquered this little area way in
00:14:05the north and renamed it so was this a different place named dan or is this somebody like later
00:14:12later on in the time of the judges of the kings or something who went back and edited it tradition
00:14:17says
00:14:18that during the time of ezra and nehemiah ezra updated the torah to the modern hebrew language modern
00:14:25at the time and so trying not to change anything in meaning just translating the king james version to
00:14:33you the new king james version essentially like that and and in the process changing a few names to
00:14:39make sure that people in his day understood what places he was talking about and does that if that's
00:14:45true and i don't know if it's true or not there's some evidence to support it but i don't know
00:14:52but if
00:14:54that's true does that mean that the torah was compromised by being rewritten or changed from what
00:15:00moses wrote not necessarily because ezra was also a prophet and if god can work through moses to write
00:15:07the original then god can work through ezra to make sure that it's transcribed in a way that's
00:15:12meaningful to the people of that day and carries the same meaning not changing the meaning in any way
00:15:19i i'm not comfortable with that idea but i can see the argument for it and in this case a
00:15:27scribe
00:15:27would normally just take dictation and write down exactly what he was told but a professional scribe
00:15:34would also be a translator and the a real professional who does this for a living would
00:15:41be an expert in oration and grammar and he would be a professional writer and so just like when you
00:15:48hire
00:15:48a ghost writer if you write down your story your life story and then you hand it to a ghost
00:15:55writer
00:15:56he's going to do some editing because chances are you're not a you're not a professional writer you
00:16:01don't know how to word things in a way that things flow correctly or maybe especially if you're writing
00:16:08something that's not your native language you may not use quite the right words so then your scribe may
00:16:15say okay i know you said this word but maybe you meant this one and suggest changes like that and
00:16:21i think
00:16:22that the author would be working with the scribe to make sure that the real meaning is getting across
00:16:28and the scribe would not have leeway to just rewrite things any way he wanted it would be just like
00:16:34if
00:16:35you have a good editor as an author today you and the editor go back and forth if we're talking
00:16:40non-fiction something serious you and the editor go back and forth to make sure that the final product
00:16:46is both readable sellable and still conveys accurate meaning so i suspect it was something
00:16:53like that with paul his scribe probably just took dictation just wrote it down exactly as paul said it
00:16:59with peter he probably had to do some editing peter was a fisherman from galilee he was not an educated
00:17:07man by the time he was writing his letters he had more education than he did obviously because he spent
00:17:13years with yeshua and then he spent years reading the scriptures for himself so he would have gained
00:17:18a lot more understanding of how to write and how to convey a message in print but greek wasn't probably
00:17:26wasn't his native language and he probably didn't use it every day so writing a letter in greek would
00:17:31have been a challenge for him and hiring a scribe who can do some editing along the way would make
00:17:37sense
00:17:37and if he if sylvanus acted as that scribe sylvanus is one of the second generation apostles and this is
00:17:46he was a believer before paul so i think he would be qualified to do it yeah it's just it's
00:17:54disconcerting
00:17:55to me if we're saying okay let's go through this whole book of romans like we've just done
00:18:00and we're going to go to the nuance and the the parallelisms and all of that and to learn that
00:18:09oh that may have been cleaned up by
00:18:14tavanus is the extent of our study affected by that it's just interesting thought to me
00:18:22yeah and i don't necessarily know what to do with that i don't really have a problem with it but
00:18:29it's not an entirely comfortable thought either i don't know because scott mentioned something that
00:18:35actually bothered me for a lot of my christian life and it i think it turns away a lot of
00:18:39christians
00:18:42what what is scripture what is paul just said this is my opinion does that mean it's now scripture
00:18:49yeah that's more of a debate about the nature of scripture than right than what is scripture if you
00:18:55look at how the word is used pretty much everybody in the first century would have called everything
00:19:01in the old testament the scriptures they are scriptures they are set apart writings that doesn't mean
00:19:08they're all the same kind of writing and you've got you've got the torah which is this is god's law
00:19:18it's an accurate record by one of the greatest prophets of god's interaction with israel in the
00:19:24wilderness and all the events leading up to it and then you've got things like isaiah which is mostly
00:19:33a prophet saying thus saith the lord thus saith yodeh vavhe that's the clearest the purest form of
00:19:42scripture is here is what god told me to tell you and then he spells it out without editing
00:19:50and then you've got things like the psalms and the proverbs which are mostly not literal there's a lot
00:19:57of literal stuff in it where they really mean what they say but it's spoken in a very or recorded
00:20:03in a
00:20:03very poetic kind of way so there's hyperbole and a lot of literary devices and other things
00:20:12and you have to read these different kinds of writings with that in mind this was written
00:20:18one was written to as a message from god the other was written as a poetic expression
00:20:26from a prophet of god but not necessarily delivering a message straight from god
00:20:32does that mean it's not inspired by god i don't think so i think god guided them in what they
00:20:39wrote i
00:20:39don't think that i think the idea that god dictated every word of scripture is misguided there's
00:20:45nothing in scripture that even says that that some people have a kind of a weird idea that the whole
00:20:52idea of infallibility gets into some weird territory what does infallible mean and which manuscript are we
00:21:00talking about because there can be a hundred different variations in words or spelling in a particular book
00:21:09between various manuscripts so if we're going to go that it has to be the absolute infallible word of god
00:21:17then only one of these manuscripts can be correct all the rest are fakes and i think that's just not
00:21:24the way that it works
00:21:25it's not infallible in that way it's the meaning that it's conveying and even then you have to take
00:21:32into account the style of writing why it was written the context because infallible and what does infallible
00:21:40mean the meaning that it's trying to get across to you is reliable i really the term reliable more than
00:21:50infallible because infallible gets people into some weird places and i would go to the same place with
00:21:56paul's letters where he is not writing thus saith yode vave that was not his point he is writing advice
00:22:04to people there's this congregation out there who has this problem and he has a mission given by god
00:22:13to help these people understand who the messiah is and their relationship to him and what god expects of
00:22:19them and he is writing them advice on how to solve a particular problem or a set of problems and
00:22:26his
00:22:26advice is reliable and accurate and perfectly in line with the rest of scriptures which is how peter
00:22:33describes his writing he says that people twist paul's writings as they do the other scriptures so even
00:22:41peter seems to seems to put paul's writings in the category of scripture but i think that term
00:22:47covers all of these different kinds of writings and not necessarily just the things that are thus
00:22:53says yode vave i get that that's a really lot of that's a lot of words yeah i can digest
00:23:01what
00:23:02you're saying enough that i disagree with it on on some levels i'm not going to get into nuance of
00:23:07it but
00:23:07i think that calling the new testament scriptures it is that's i think that's really how i say putting
00:23:18the when they say the scriptures like paul wouldn't call him his own letters to the church's scriptures
00:23:25he would say i am defending my position like he says in thessalonians or what in act 17 he defends
00:23:34his
00:23:34position using the scriptures jesus depended his position using the scriptures otherwise
00:23:39who cares what jesus said yeah okay he did miracles and stuff so oh yeah we got to do that
00:23:44but he came proclaiming the scriptures and so that's why i'm super careful about calling what i call the
00:23:52scriptures and then on on the infallible fallible thing the only thing that was infallible was the
00:23:58original authored sapphire tablets right as soon as somebody gets their mitts on it and puts it on
00:24:05some papyrus it like you say it could have a yote out of place it could have a tittle out
00:24:10of place
00:24:11here and there or something like it yes i know god's word is preserved etc but the it's the an
00:24:18original authorship that i think was declared there are literally 900 000 variants and
00:24:25the fragments of the new testament yeah almost none of them actually change any meaning but
00:24:31it does call into question what some people believe or how some people apply this term of
00:24:36infallibility yeah and even some of the greeks were arians so if you weren't careful you'd find
00:24:44fragments that led to messiah losing his divinity losing his create creator authority name of all names
00:24:53because they wrote things in a little way like that kind of veered you up off the trail a little
00:25:01bit
00:25:01but yeah but i i mean i can but i'm gonna stick with the term scriptures because
00:25:07everybody knows what i'm talking about scott doesn't scott's struggling with it i'm just telling you i
00:25:14every every christian struggles with it so then they're like then they're then they feel free to
00:25:21have nobody hardly mistranslates the commandments that's pretty that's i haven't found somebody that
00:25:30says oh we can eat pigs or oh this or the the very basic of the stuff right that's rock
00:25:37solid but then
00:25:38if you have start having debates and soliloquies with who said what and how he said it and the book
00:25:46of
00:25:46romans and what was omitted and what was in this variation that variation and then you say oh and
00:25:52that's scripture then so they're equating those no people 97 of the population of christendom and
00:25:59probably 60 of the torah observers don't know how to apply and execute practice all the things that you
00:26:08had just said yeah and that is something that that is something that needs to be fixed because you
00:26:16can't read paul's letters the same way you can read deuteronomy they're not intended to be read and
00:26:21understood the same way no there's one scripture and one's talking about scripture i would say they're
00:26:27both scripture but one is codified law and one is pastoral advice and there's just different kinds of
00:26:36scripture and i would agree with you that there are not sure what the right term would be degrees of
00:26:44infallibility if that makes sense where if you are looking at the torah is most of it is pretty
00:26:52straightforward very simple it's codified law and it's designed to be easily understood but a lot of
00:27:00other scripture is written as art or is a recording of a conversation or is written in a conversational
00:27:07tone and that gets a very more a lot more difficult to interpret to translate and understand because
00:27:14there's so much humanity involved in that normal human communication is what we're looking at
00:27:21even if it was inspired by god it's still written by people to people intended to be understood by normal
00:27:27human people and not intended to be interpreted as a law code when people look at like they say the
00:27:36old
00:27:36law is done away with and now we've got this new law in the new testament they are really put
00:27:41putting
00:27:42themselves in a bind because there is nowhere in the new testament where anything is written as a code
00:27:47of law it's you can read it and it's obviously not intended that way so i think on that level
00:27:55i think
00:27:56we're in agreement that there is there are degrees of something i don't like the word infallibility but
00:28:03i don't have a better word right now i think okay so let's just let's just pull this train back
00:28:10a minute
00:28:11i would say that what i've taught when i've talked to people who are trying to work through it
00:28:17how i how i explain it to them is if they take the writers of the brit hadashah right who
00:28:25are trying
00:28:26who are trying to qualify or trying to express the collecting of the lost sheep if you're going
00:28:34through that you have to be the detective that you you determine how authoritative paul is by seeing how
00:28:42he's quoting the tanakh instead of saying paul did away with the law paul talked about 16 or 17 laws
00:28:51so which law if you want to actually investigate which law was he talking about and how is he relating
00:28:57to the context and who was he talking to at the time and all these other things and and why
00:29:01did he
00:29:01need to address this but it's like you have to be forensic it's like going into a crime scene paul's
00:29:08letters are like literally a crime scene a mass murder so you in order you've only got half the
00:29:13clues yeah yeah in order to solve it you got to find a hair in the carpet and you got
00:29:18to all this
00:29:19stuff and it's a lot of fun as long as you don't get your emotions involved in in your theology
00:29:26right
00:29:26you're like but can't be that because my pastor whatever like that stuff yeah but so what the cool
00:29:32part what i really love about even my put out these devotions i share like the most basic truth
00:29:40is i have this motto if you can't explain it to a seven-year-old you don't understand it yourself
00:29:45and i would have a very easy time telling him or her this is how we do this honey because
00:29:53god said see
00:29:54what god said he said we rest on saturday and we observe these times to remind us of the creator
00:30:01and
00:30:01his creation and keep whatever and this is how we have our house in order and all this other stuff
00:30:07i couldn't do that in that same way with much else the psalm has good principles proverbs of course
00:30:17everything's proverbial it says in the proverbs you're if you teach your kids truth at the beginning
00:30:22of in the in the time they'll never depart from it that is obviously a proverbial truism because
00:30:28it's a principle not a precept principle and then and then jesus said he's god and he's
00:30:36his the father is superior to him but they're all he blah blah blah all that yeah yeah let me
00:30:43just say
00:30:43one more thing on that one and then we'll move on the way that i kind of classify the scriptures
00:30:49and i know i'm going back to that word is the first book is essentially setting the stage
00:30:58the next four books are codifying the law these are the commandments then you've got
00:31:06books about how do these commandments work out in real life when israel gets into the promised land
00:31:13and then you've got books of poetry that are how does this work out in my life very much more
00:31:21personal
00:31:23and then you get to the new testament where you've got yeshua giving sermons about the law and about
00:31:30the prophets in the psalms how what's the real meaning behind this and then you got the epistles
00:31:38which are just advice commentary on the stuff that came before mostly commentary on the law but also
00:31:46commentary on the prophets in the psalms and whatever so each one seems to be in some ways
00:31:53zooming in on the real meaning of the law but in other ways backing out in giving commentary on it
00:32:01further away from the law but making it more personal with each kind of stage but the law is really
00:32:07the core
00:32:08of scripture that's the thing that everything is focused on the law in those first five books
00:32:14and then the living out of the law in the first five books of the new testament especially the first
00:32:21four
00:32:21but the acts is also in that category go ahead june so how do we look at the scripture in
00:32:32second timothy 3 16
00:32:38that all scriptures were inspired by god yes so paul wrote this in timothy now we were not there
00:32:54and at that time we didn't have the new testament now we have the new testament and the old testament
00:33:03right do we look at that particular scripture that all the scripture was inspired by god because
00:33:14even yeshua mentioned in matthew 26 that all that was taking place had to
00:33:23take place so that the scriptures of the prophets will be fulfilled sure he was referring to
00:33:35the prophets like the major prophets the minor prophets but how do we look at the new testament writing
00:33:46which included which includes and his work that he did when he was on the face of this earth
00:33:57that's recorded do we still look at just the tanah or the entire scripture
00:34:05because it says that all and yahweh being omniscient he knows that the new testament would have been
00:34:18included to conclude the entire writing there are two ways to look at that verse in second timothy
00:34:25first you have to consider what did paul mean by it and when paul wrote the letter to timothy
00:34:32he had what we would call the old testament and he probably had the first three gospels
00:34:41maybe the letter of james or something like that but most likely what paul was talking about
00:34:46because the gospels probably weren't considered scripture yet he's he would have been talking
00:34:51about the tanah so when he tells timothy all scripture is inspired by god what he had in mind
00:34:57was the tanah now that doesn't mean that the new testament books aren't scripture it's just not
00:35:04what paul was thinking of when he wrote that right i would say that all of the new testament writings
00:35:10are also in that category that these are things inspired by god profitable for teaching and reproof
00:35:16and correction and training and righteousness i can't think of a single book in the bible that doesn't
00:35:21fit that description now the debate is whether or not we should call those books scripture that's
00:35:28like i said that's an academic question they are still inspired by god profitable for teaching
00:35:36for reproof correction etc now there's a debate about what inspired by god means
00:35:43does that mean that god dictated every word i don't think so i think paul and james and peter and
00:35:49john
00:35:50god gave them all leeway to write what they believed was needed to be said and to write it in
00:35:59their own
00:35:59words and god guided them to make sure that they wrote what we needed to hear but he didn't dictate
00:36:05to them exactly what to write he let them put it in their own voice in their own style addressing
00:36:13it to
00:36:13the people that they thought needed to hear it now one example of that is how matthew seems to write
00:36:19to
00:36:19jews whereas mark seems to write to more of the latin world just based on the things that they say
00:36:26and the things that they emphasize okay i wanted to find out you know because as you rightfully
00:36:34mentioned that when paul wrote that letter he was more or less focusing on what they had which was the
00:36:44but you know we have the tanac and the new testament so i just wanted to find out how do
00:36:53we look at it now
00:36:55right because i personally see everything as all the scripture because we read about the words that came from
00:37:04yeshua's mouth right and see the performance of the holy spirit in the people that yeshua chose the operation of
00:37:15the holy spirit
00:37:16right because it was the holy spirit that manifested in the disciples and those that follow yeshua to continue the
00:37:27work that he does why he said greater work that they will do
00:37:31because he started something and he left them to continue what he started so i personally look at the entire
00:37:42bible as scripture
00:37:43not everybody may think agree with me but that's my way of thinking yeah and i agree with that okay
00:37:52all right so
00:37:55that was that was about verse 22 and tertius being the amanuensis writing this the very next verse 23
00:38:04it says gaius who is host to me but there's a shift in perspective here in verse 21 you have
00:38:12paul talking about
00:38:13these are my fellow workers and my kinsmen 22 it's i tertius in 23 it's back to paul gaius who
00:38:20is host to me
00:38:21this isn't host to tertius this is host to paul and you can tell that by the tone of the
00:38:27rest of the
00:38:27letter from where how it goes from there did we talk about who gaius is yet well look at my
00:38:34notes here
00:38:35all right so gaius he was a resident of corinth because he's host to paul he's probably host to paul's
00:38:43entire entourage which means that he's got money he has a big house with rooms he's got property doesn't
00:38:50mean he's got a big fancy house necessarily because people tend to cram a lot more bodies
00:38:55into fewer rooms back then but more than likely he's a man of some means there's another gaius
00:39:03mentioned in acts 20 gaius of derby i don't think this is the same guy because derby is a long
00:39:10way from
00:39:10corinth and we know that people did move around paul is obviously moving all over the eastern roman
00:39:17empire and priscilla and aquila also moved around and apparently had multiple homes in different
00:39:24cities so it's possible that this is the same guy from derby i just don't think it is gaius is
00:39:30a
00:39:30really common name he's probably another believer who lived in corinth and had a home there not much
00:39:38else that we can say about that guy he he's host of the whole church so that the congregation in
00:39:46corinth at least part of it is meeting at his house and just like at rome there are probably multiple
00:39:52homes scattered around the city where believers are meeting the next guy is erastus this is another
00:39:57wealthy guy he's the city treasurer these are the kind of offices that you don't get just based on
00:40:03merit in the roman and greek world you don't get political office because you're the best guy for
00:40:09the job you get it because you are competent and you know the right people or you purchase the job
00:40:18so erastus is almost certainly a very wealthy man and one of the reasons that we can know this for
00:40:23sure
00:40:24is i mentioned this a couple weeks ago too is that archaeologists have actually found a plaque
00:40:30in the city of corinth with this guy's name on it and we know it's the same guy because this
00:40:35plaque
00:40:35dates from the first century and it says erastus the city treasurer paid to have this road paved
00:40:43so this guy is he's wealthy enough that he is funding public works in the city of corinth
00:40:49that seems pretty cool that paul this is a good friend of paul and he's also a wealthy and
00:40:55influential man in corinth and the next guy cortis i mentioned before that the romans had this
00:41:03bad habit of naming people numerically and i don't know whether this was just slaves that they did this
00:41:08with or they did this with all of their kids but primus secundus tertius cortis one two three four
00:41:19who names their kids number one number two number three and number four the romans did
00:41:24but cortis is another he's probably another wealthy guy because all three of the men in this or the
00:41:30other two in this verse are wealthy men in corinth cortis probably is too and the romans know who he
00:41:36is
00:41:36if they didn't know who he was then paul probably wouldn't put his name here says our brother cortis
00:41:42greet you and all the romans are like who now they they know who he is that which means that
00:41:47he's a
00:41:47well-known guy but this is the only mention we have of him no other record so we don't anything
00:41:56else
00:41:57that we could say about him would just be complete guesswork we don't even have any clues i think it's
00:42:04interesting though that he is singling out wealthy people in both rome and corinth phoebe who was in
00:42:12corinth and he sent to rome she was wealthy priscilla and aquila were wealthy there was another one
00:42:19earlier in the chapter i don't remember who it is and then you've got these three guys here
00:42:24there's a lot of wealthy people in this chapter and a lot of people who probably aren't paul just
00:42:29doesn't seem to discriminate if they're contributing to his cause into the kingdom
00:42:35they get a mention there are probably lots of people in both of these congregations who are
00:42:41contributing but paul is singling out the ones that the other everybody's going to know he's not
00:42:47going to be sending greetings from somebody that nobody in rome knows so these are people of more
00:42:52note than others so the equivalent of a roman influencer yeah yeah we don't know how cortis was but the
00:43:01romans
00:43:01right so the gaius that john mentioned in third third john tree or third book of john however you want
00:43:15to
00:43:15describe it he mentioned in the letter to the beloved gaius who is this oh yeah third john the elder
00:43:27to the
00:43:27beloved gaius yeah i don't know it's possible that's the same guy like i said gaius was a pretty
00:43:34popular name back then so there's no telling there's in acts 19 there's a riot and some people drag a
00:43:45guy
00:43:46named gaius and aristarchus these were men who were traveling with paul so maybe that's the same gaius
00:43:54and then later when paul is in thessalonica there's aristarchus again and secundus and gaius
00:44:02of derby so maybe gaius of derby is traveling along with paul and this is gaius
00:44:08in here paul is saying gaius was the host to him and the church in corinth and that's what makes
00:44:13me think
00:44:13this is not gaius of derby this is a different gaius because this guy lives in corinth and then
00:44:19in corinthians paul references the same gaius again saying that i baptized none of you except
00:44:26christmas and gaius this since he's writing to corinth and he's mentioning gaius probably the same
00:44:31guy now is this the same person that john is writing to in third john he doesn't say and we
00:44:39really
00:44:39have no idea because he mentioned him as one of his children i have no greater joy than this to
00:44:49hear
00:44:49of my children walking in truth so it seemed that he was a younger person in faith if he's going
00:44:57to
00:44:57refer to this guy as one of his children yeah i'm trying to see if any of the i don't
00:45:07really have time
00:45:07to go through all the commentators albert barn says we don't know anything about this gaius whether
00:45:14he was the same or not john gill says it's definitely not the same guy who was who paul is
00:45:21mentioning in
00:45:21romans i don't know how he knows that oh he's saying that that john is writing to ephesus so if
00:45:30this gaius
00:45:31lives in ephesus that's across the the sea from corinth so there are probably a hundred gaiuses in
00:45:38corinth and a hundred more in ephesus yeah anyways that's just guessing there's no way to know all
00:45:45right any other thoughts about the names of the people in these verses okay let's move on all right
00:45:53verse 25 and now to him who is able to strengthen you according to my gospel and the preaching of
00:45:59jesus
00:45:59christ according to the revelation of the mystery that was kept secret for long ages
00:46:04some interesting phrases and stuff in here first to him who is able to strengthen you
00:46:11there's a little bit of a difference between translations in this verse
00:46:15the king james says now to him that is of power to establish you and even though that seems sounds
00:46:23a
00:46:23little archaic i think the king james is actually a better translation here because it's not so much
00:46:30about strengthening as it is about making you stand firm it is definitely related to being strong
00:46:37but to establish you now to him that it has the power to make you stand and i think that's
00:46:44better
00:46:45because if you go back to earlier in the book in chapter 14 paul is talking about who are you
00:46:50to
00:46:50question the other servants of god because the lord is able to make him stand and i think he's
00:46:58referencing the same idea yeshua has the power to make you stand and that's to stand trials to stand
00:47:06firm in your faith to persevere to the end any other thoughts on that concept of yeshua being able to
00:47:14strengthen us or to strengthen us or to make us stand that's truly in holy spirit because once
00:47:23you have accepted yeshua right he becomes your rabbi which is your teacher and when he was
00:47:35getting ready to go back to the father he said he will send the comforter that will teach us all
00:47:44saying said that the comforter is the spirit of truth and will guide us so once we accept him
00:47:56that comforter will live within us and that will be like yeshua is in total control of our lives
00:48:07with his spirit dwelling in us because we are we have become him and his spirit will work in us
00:48:19to lead us to guide us to teach us so that our walk will be in righteousness that's what i
00:48:28think
00:48:28in in in verse 20 that we will be able to cross satan under our feet i think that's what
00:48:38he says in
00:48:38verse 20 16 20 how are we going to do that says the almighty of peace will crush satan under
00:48:47your feet
00:48:49yeah the almighty will cross satan under your feet how will we get that privilege
00:48:57is through the indwelling spirit yeah through god working through us yes because the spirit is living in us
00:49:07yeah we're told that indwelling spirit we would not be able god will not
00:49:16i can't say god won't be able because god is able to do anything but will we have that privilege
00:49:23because we have to walk in his ways yeah if we remain faithful then if we remain faithful to him
00:49:30he
00:49:31is faithful to us and of course he's faithful to us whether we remain faithful or not because that's
00:49:36just who he is but sometimes his faithfulness involves making us putting us under somebody's heel for a
00:49:45while all right the next phrase is according to my gospel and paul used this phrase early on in
00:49:52chapter two and he's not saying that he has a different gospel than anything else he's just
00:49:58saying according to the good news that i'm bringing you according to my good news so if you go and
00:50:04visit
00:50:04family and you say i have news that's essentially the same thing as saying i have that this is my
00:50:10news
00:50:11paul isn't saying that the news is about him or belongs to him but he's just the one delivering
00:50:16it the good news that god has given him to deliver he also talks about this revelation of the mystery
00:50:24that has been kept secret for long ages this almost has a gnostic feel to it but i'm pretty sure
00:50:32that is
00:50:32not what paul is saying it's not that the things that he is telling us have been secret it's that
00:50:40people have just been blinded to it because of their own foolishness their own rebellion against god
00:50:47god spelled all this stuff out in the prophets it's all there already and so paul is spelling it out
00:50:56for
00:50:56people in words that they can understand better but a lot of the things about yeshua
00:51:04somebody might say they were secret because they were given through through prophetic stories
00:51:11for example you look at the story of abraham and the near sacrifice of isaac or the life of joseph
00:51:17and
00:51:18the purpose of the messiah is spelled out in these stories but god doesn't say oh hey look at this
00:51:25life this is the story of the messiah until much later and so paul is describing these things for
00:51:32people just as yeshua did on the road to emmaus with the disciples go ahead timothy dan daniel comments
00:51:39in this that the passage is placed after 1423 and some many texts and after 1523 1533 and others and
00:51:47omitted altogether and quite a few there are many reasons to question the passage but it seems the most
00:51:52fatal objection is the word it's a greek font i don't understand which denies the divinity of the
00:51:58son and though meyers tries to fix it or whatever but that's what i was saying earlier is that there
00:52:04was some arian there's some arian influences in some of these translations as well as some hellenized
00:52:12brothers in the faith who when working with the early translators didn't want yeshua to have the divinity of yahweh
00:52:23yeah so there's a lot of mucking about in these passages yeah especially in chapter 16 there were
00:52:31definitely some scribal shenanigans going on i completely forgot to mention this but i skipped over verse 24
00:52:39because the english standard version in most modern translations don't have that verse and the reason
00:52:45is because it's a repeat of something that's said in verse 20 but also the oldest and most complete
00:52:53manuscripts of romans don't have that verse so it's most likely a scribe at some point accidentally
00:53:04copied something twice or he inserted something where he thought it should be in different manuscripts
00:53:11will put this phrase in different places of the chapter and there are other things like this
00:53:16in this chapter and it's one of the reasons that some people believe that this entire chapter was
00:53:22inserted later that paul actually meant to end it at the end of chapter 15 i don't think so
00:53:30because that would leave the chiasm unfinished so i think at least through verse 16 and probably
00:53:38through verse 20 is definitely included in paul's original writings and it's possible that the ending
00:53:45from verse 24 on was something added later i'm fine with leaving it in because i don't have any problem
00:53:52with anything it says i think a plain reading i'm not sure who you're talking about timothy with the
00:54:00something in here that might deny the divinity of yeshua i'm not a greek scholar so if there's
00:54:08something in the grammar or something that i'm missing that could be yeah but i don't see anything
00:54:12there like that yeah i saw i also saw a debate i used to back when i enjoyed cortisol poisoning
00:54:21i used
00:54:21to watch a lot of debates on divinity and other things and they would of course people would get
00:54:28their proof text and then try to whatever and this was shoved in there at one point or another with
00:54:34someone who knew greek and shook expounded on it and stuff but yeah i'm not much of a fan of
00:54:41debates
00:54:41these days either any other thoughts on verse 25 which ends at kept secret until the world or since
00:54:50the world began yeah and i think it's not that yeah i i already said this but just to recap
00:54:56i don't
00:54:58think that paul means it was kept secret like god didn't want anybody to know but it was something that
00:55:04was obscure and people didn't understand he made it of the information available for those
00:55:11who were willing and able to see it and hear it but most people just aren't just like yeshua talking
00:55:18in parables he's not saying anything in secret he's saying it in such a way that only those who are
00:55:24ready for it will understand it and even that could be taken the wrong way on in gnostic teachings because
00:55:31the whole idea of gnosticism is that only the people who have the right anointing or induction or
00:55:41whatever it is only those people will really understand the truth which that there's never
00:55:47there's no end to that there's always another layer like the 30 some layers of levels of
00:55:54the freemasonry it's like there's always another layer of secrets yeah secret signs and you just
00:56:00won't know that somebody's making a secret sign unless you've been initiated that's the word i was
00:56:04looking for only the people who have been properly initiated will really know the truth
00:56:09that's not what paul is saying it's the people who have the right heart with god if your heart is
00:56:15right in seeking god with the right humility not with the right initiation and the right secret code
00:56:21words with the right humility a softened heart then you're going to be open to the things the spirit
00:56:28has to say and you're going to see his message in the scriptures where somebody who is not willing to
00:56:33see it somebody like bart ehrman will have no clue he will read the same scriptures that we do
00:56:40and be totally baffled they're meaningless to him you said something that really struck me
00:56:47hard and that was it's not about your intellect it's about your heart you said something like that
00:56:53i just put it like this and boy is in that it that is the absolute truth and then on
00:57:01the tail end of
00:57:02that you hit this bart guy who probably knows a lot of things but it is it is such a
00:57:07matter of heart
00:57:08no matter who you're talking to about things if they're not ready to hear it and it's if they're
00:57:15not ready to hear something their heart their soil their heart is your soil if it's not ready to be
00:57:20planted that's or yeshu was talking about those parable of the four soils that i run into that
00:57:29almost every day talking to people about things and if you're a person who maybe knows a little bit
00:57:35more than a couple of other people or whatever the biggest thing that you have to know is how to
00:57:41read the room and understand where that person's heart is at and which is only going to happen if you
00:57:47have an actual desire or love for them where you can pump the brakes on what you're going to go
00:57:53back
00:57:54to where we were and then just enjoy that time of fellowship of whatever it is wherever they're at
00:58:01because the heart is going to be the heart is either ready to hear the spirit teach them or not
00:58:08yeah very true the spirit will make it manifest yeah and by the scriptures of the prophets according
00:58:17to the commandment of the everlasting god made known to all nations for the obedience of faith
00:58:21now here is something there's five places in romans that completely contradicts the mainstream
00:58:30interpretation of the book of romans the commandment of the everlasting god made known to all nations
00:58:38where are the commandments of the everlasting god the word isn't singular here but that is the bible
00:58:45frequently does that it uses commandment singular but commandment is just it means the same thing as
00:58:54the law it's the whole thing the instruction of god in the modern church we'll argue he's written it on
00:59:02your heart those are the commandments it's whatever you want that's where they're wrong yeah whatever god
00:59:09has led you to do that's the law which is nonsense that means whatever you've led you to do right
00:59:17and he's made it known to all nations for the obedience of faith the obedience of faithfulness and
00:59:23you can interpret this as belief or faithfulness either way it amounts to the same thing if your
00:59:29belief doesn't lead you to obedience then how can you say you really believe it's the same thing that
00:59:34james said show me your faith by without your works and i'll show you my faith by my works if
00:59:39your faith
00:59:40doesn't have works it's not really faith it's pretend or at least you have more faith in something else
00:59:46which is contrary to the commandments you will have no other gods before me okay and we have one verse
00:59:55to go in the book of romans so that's next week right oh no we're gonna do it right now
01:00:02to the only
01:00:03wise god be glory forevermore through jesus christ amen and here is another place where different
01:00:08manuscripts have extra text and the king james shows this there's a whole nother sentence after that
01:00:15in the king james written to the romans from corinthus and sent by phoebe servant of the church
01:00:20at centria it doesn't add anything at all that's really more of a subscript probably added by a scribe
01:00:28later saying oh and don't forget this is the letter that paul wrote to the romans from corinth and it
01:00:33was
01:00:33sent by phoebe servant of the church at centria and i don't think there's anywhere else where paul is
01:00:39explicit that he was writing this from corinth but there's a lot of evidence and this was probably
01:00:45just some well-meaning scribe who added this in the margin saying that he wrote from corinth just so
01:00:51you know and then a later scribe thought oh this is probably supposed to be down here and just added
01:00:56it
01:00:56and so the tendency you get with ancient manuscripts is that over time they tend to grow
01:01:03they rarely shrink and it's not that they grow like massively just a word gets inserted here or there
01:01:13usually it's a scribe adding something a parenthetical thought like thus he declared all foods clean
01:01:19something like that and it's not in the original it's just a scribe was making a little commentary
01:01:25and then a later scribe confused the commentary for the original writing and eventually nobody knows
01:01:35the difference and so the original text tends to grow by a word here a sentence there so it's not
01:01:42always true that the shortest manuscript is the most accurate that's not a that's not a valid rule
01:01:49but there is a tendency that shorter manuscripts will be older more complete and thus more likely to be
01:01:57closer to the original there's no guarantee just more likely does that make sense 100% amen
01:02:05i think this last sentence we really didn't talk about this last sentence very much
01:02:11to the only wise god be glory forevermore through jesus christ
01:02:17all of the other gods are fools all of them every single one whether it's you or apollo or buddha
01:02:26or
01:02:26whatever they can sound wise and they might actually say some wise things now and then but the wisdom that
01:02:33you can find through false gods is intended to it's intended as bait to lure you in and then when
01:02:41you're in
01:02:42then you start believing all the nonsense and this is how all cults work almost all cults the worst cults
01:02:50they start by finding some obvious error in orthodoxy it's pretty clear that the sabbath was not moved to
01:02:59sunday you can just read the scriptures and see this there is no place in the bible that says the
01:03:04sabbath
01:03:04is moved to sunday so a lot of cults will begin by saying this is a really obvious thing that
01:03:11we
01:03:12the sabbath is still on the seventh day of the week what we call saturday so let's do that and
01:03:17a lot of
01:03:17people will say yeah that's true i agree with that so let's do that and these people must have the
01:03:22truth
01:03:23because they're seeing this obvious truth in the bible and then they get their prophetess who starts
01:03:29predicting that jesus is coming back in this year or that year and it doesn't happen and so they say
01:03:34oh
01:03:34i misread the ether or whatever it was they misread and so it's actually going to be next june 12th
01:03:41and you have to sell all your stuff and give it to the church because if you don't your heart
01:03:45won't be
01:03:45right and then june 12th comes and of course jesus didn't come back and this happens over and over again
01:03:53that somebody will latch on to some truth that the rest of the church is getting wrong and they'll
01:03:59bring in they'll get lots of followers because of that one truth but then those people will follow
01:04:04them into a lie and it's the same with every religion they start with a kernel of truth and
01:04:11then pile a bunch of lies on top of it and it's the same with just about every christian denomination
01:04:16too and i'm not saying that they're not all saved they're not all disciples of yeshua most of them
01:04:22are certainly trying and they're reading the same bible we are but then they pile on their creeds and
01:04:28their doctrinal statements and their catechisms and all of this stuff that obscures the truth
01:04:36and these are just man-made traditions god is the only really wise being listen to him and if any
01:04:44tradition of man or of some other god contradicts what yod-he-vav-he says they're wrong he's right
01:04:52the end i when i think about deuteronomy chapter 13 where it mentions that if a prophet
01:05:07prophesies prophesies something and it comes to pass right and if that same prophet will come now
01:05:15and tell you let's go solve other gods right we were warned against such work or action or beliefs
01:05:29because some people come with a word of prophecy and it comes to pass
01:05:41but what happens after is that they shift the focus from the word to them and i think that's how
01:05:52a lot
01:05:52of course are being formed because they start with the truth but then they just you know make a turn
01:06:02around and they go off on a tangent so that they're the ones that the focus must be on so
01:06:12people get
01:06:13tied up with that yeah very true yeah i think having some personal experience with that not
01:06:20i wouldn't say being in a cult but but definitely being led into something that
01:06:27started with some truth and being immature enough and not discerning enough at the time
01:06:34it was like it started with truth and then you build that trust because somebody is demonstrating
01:06:42they have some knowledge of what's true or they're aligning with what's true and then they go off and
01:06:51you will make a million different excuses for that person if you've built some kind of trust and that's
01:06:59pretty dangerous because certainly doesn't mean we shouldn't trust people at all but it's it means
01:07:04that we shouldn't trust people when they have started moving in a different direction from
01:07:13the truth of god no matter what they've aligned with before or have gotten right in the past it's there
01:07:21and i'm talking about big things obviously we all get stuff wrong every once in a while but
01:07:27talking about the biggies yeah the big part of recognizing those things and either not falling
01:07:37for the traps or finding your way out of it once you're into it is maintaining a an attitude of
01:07:43humility towards the scriptures and say i don't necessarily know everything but i know that there's
01:07:52truth here and make sure that you have that same attitude towards other people towards bible teachers
01:07:59they don't know everything the truth is in the scriptures and the truth is in god's spirit and
01:08:08i i can read the bible a hundred times and i'm still going to get things wrong but if the
01:08:15scriptures are
01:08:16really clear about something and somebody is telling you you're getting this totally wrong and you have
01:08:23to just listen to me because i'm the only one really qualified to interpret this for you there's a big
01:08:30warning sign this person is putting himself ahead of the scriptures obviously people still get
01:08:37people completely misinterpret things in scripture and they think it's very clear when it's really not
01:08:43you have to have some common sense there too but when they get themselves into those kinds of positions
01:08:49it's usually a problem with pride in thinking i know what this says and nobody can dissuade me
01:08:58no evidence to the contrary will ever change my mind even if god himself were to appear before me and
01:09:05say
01:09:06that's not what this means you've got that wrong i would still believe i would stick with what i believe
01:09:12out of the scriptures so it seems like a little bit of a conundrum there that you should have confidence
01:09:18if you are being humble in your approach to the scriptures you should have some confidence that you
01:09:23can understand them but also the humility to say i might be misunderstanding you have to hold both of
01:09:30those in your mind at the same time and it's a difficult place to be but i think that's key
01:09:35to
01:09:35staying out of those traps where people lead you into all kinds of crazy nonsense hopefully that makes sense
01:09:41it does i remember i remember when i was living in trinidad this jehovah witness person came and was
01:09:54witnessing to me and i can't remember the scripture but she misquoted it and i'm like thinking where can i
01:10:11go to read this scripture that tells me something different to what she was saying and when i was standing
01:10:24there
01:10:24talking to her because she was actually going down the steps and i couldn't remember that scripture
01:10:33as soon as soon as she left my saturn and i said where the scripture is to show that what
01:10:41this woman was
01:10:41telling me is wrong i know the holy spirit led me to the scripture so we have to be very
01:10:50careful when we
01:10:52listen to people how are we going to ingest what they tell us we have to start that's why it
01:10:59says that
01:11:00study to show yourself approved because if you study the word you will know what the word says and when
01:11:08they
01:11:09come to you with all this nonsense you will take it with a grain of salt and we must start
01:11:16scripture
01:11:16with scripture to be able to understand what yah wants us to know when you want to sit down and
01:11:23in the pew and
01:11:25everything the preacher say amen hallelujah and you don't even understand what he's saying or she is
01:11:35saying and go home and it's like you just wasted your time and a lot of these mega churches
01:11:45that's what is going on people go to church sunday after sunday and wasting their time
01:11:53yeah they are yeah it looked like you had something you wanted to add scott yeah in the stock market
01:12:01you have a lot of it's called fud you have a lot of people that get on and they they
01:12:06put
01:12:07misinformation out about the institutions you're invested in and the fallback is often
01:12:16trust your own due diligence trust what you have derived yourself from your research
01:12:23and that's your that's your fallback because you're getting hit with lies or misinformation or
01:12:30just skewed data all the time it's the same with word trust your own due diligence your own
01:12:37studying your own appropriation for what your beliefs are have an opinion and be willing to learn but
01:12:48you have to appropriate it for yourself not let somebody else lead you on yeah in being willing to
01:12:54learn means being willing to accept new information and change course based on what you've learned right
01:13:07so
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