- 18 hours ago
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00:01Just minutes after taking off from Lima
00:03We declare an emergency
00:05The pilots of Aero Peru Flight 603 get mixed messages from their plane
00:11I caught the engines but the speed is increasing
00:15Having erroneous airspeed indications now puts into your brain
00:18Am I climbing, am I not climbing
00:20They seek assistance from the ground
00:22Can you tell us our altitude please?
00:24You're a 9,700 feet according to my radar
00:27But nothing makes sense
00:29We're in the water, pull up
00:34All 70 people on board are killed
00:38Investigators compare the cockpit voice recording
00:41We will maintain 10,000 feet
00:4310,000 feet
00:45With the flight data recorder
00:46Captain doesn't realize how close they are to the water
00:48And suspect a single faulty sensor
00:51Prevented the crew from averting disaster
00:54It violates the laws of physics
00:56Airplanes just don't do that
01:23It's nearing 1am at Jorge Chavez International Airport
01:28In Lima, Peru
01:33Thick clouds blanket the sky
01:35As Aero Peru 603 taxis to the runway
01:42The weather in Lima, Peru is a very stable environment
01:45Especially this time of the year
01:49The captain is 58-year-old Eric Schreiber
01:52He's highly experienced
01:54Having logged almost 22,000 flight hours
01:57Aero Peru 603, authorized to Santiago
02:01Initial level 29,000 feet
02:03And afterwards on course
02:05Transponder 5603
02:1042-year-old first officer David Fernandez
02:13Has flown nearly 8,000 hours
02:16Correct, Lima Tower
02:17He will be the pilot flying the aircraft tonight
02:21Roger
02:24He's doing double duty by also operating the radio
02:30Lima Tower, Aero Peru 603, runway 15
02:34Ready for takeoff
02:38Aero Peru 603, wind calm
02:41Clear for takeoff, runway 15
02:45There are 61 passengers
02:48And seven flight attendants on board
03:00Takeoff at 41 minutes past midnight
03:03On the dots
03:05What precision?
03:07Like the Suez
03:08Let's go
03:18The crew is extremely professional
03:21They accomplished their checklists and procedures
03:23As what would be expected
03:24And they were basically an on-time machine
03:44Flight 603 will fly out to the Pacific Ocean
03:48Before heading south to Santiago
03:51The aircraft is a 4-year-old Boeing 757-200
03:56The Boeing 757 is a long narrow-bodied aircraft
04:00Twin engine
04:01It's simple in its design
04:04Simple in its instrumentation
04:05Just an overall comfortable airplane to fly
04:10The passengers settle in for the three-and-a-half-hour flight
04:18In the cockpit
04:21The first officer spots a potential problem
04:25The ultimators are stuck
04:31Windshear, windshear, windshear
04:34The pilots also get a windshear warning
04:39This is new
04:41The windshear is an alert
04:42That we're entering into an environment
04:44Of undesirable winds
04:46That could be highly critical
04:49In the safety of the aircraft
04:50Those type of winds are just very uncommon in that area
04:53And we're not forecasted at night at all
04:58Flight 603 climbs into the thick clouds above Lima
05:02The pilots lose sight of the ground
05:06The speed
05:08They now discover another instrument isn't working
05:13Yeah, right
05:15Flying in the clouds at night
05:17Without knowing how fast they're going
05:20Or their height above the ground
05:21The pilots face a potentially dangerous situation
05:26Am I climbing?
05:28Am I not climbing?
05:29Am I near mountainous terrain?
05:30Which is very close
05:31To the coastal line of Peru
05:35Tower Aero Peru 603
05:37Flight 603 updates the tower controller
05:41Aero Peru 603, tower, go ahead
05:43We have no altimeter and no airspeed
05:46Declaring an emergency
05:52When a pilot declares an emergency
05:54With air traffic control
05:56The controller is going to give that aircraft
05:58Priority handling
06:00Roger, change frequency to 119.7
06:03For further instruction from radar control
06:05Switching to 119.7
06:12Before contacting radar control
06:14The captain takes over from the first officer
06:17Okay, I have control
06:19The captain may decide to take over the flying role
06:23And tell the first officer
06:25To talk on the radio and work procedures
06:27Lima 603
06:30We request vectors for ILS runway 15
06:33The pilots request directions
06:35For a return to the airport
06:37Roger, we suggest a right turn
06:39Heading 330
06:41It was a good call
06:42To ask air traffic control
06:43Give us vectors
06:44We're so busy up here
06:45Dealing with everything else
06:47You can certainly help us out
06:48If you tell us which direction to turn
06:50And guide us back towards the airport
06:53Turn right, heading 330
06:56A heading of 330
06:58Will take the plane north
07:00To a position where it can then
07:02Make the turn back to Lima
07:05But two and a half minutes later
07:07Aero Peru 603
07:10You're showing level 9200
07:12What is your heading now?
07:14The radar controller notices
07:17That flight 603
07:18Hasn't turned back towards the airport
07:24Heading 205
07:25We're heading away from the shore
07:27Affirmative
07:30We will maintain 10,000 feet
07:32Set it
07:3310,000 feet
07:34The captain decides to fly
07:36Further out to sea
07:37Before returning to Lima
07:40They go out over the ocean
07:42Which is one of the best decisions
07:44To possibly do
07:44They don't now have to worry about
07:47Other aircraft
07:48In the Andes mountains
07:51In the cabin
07:52Passengers are unaware
07:54Of what's happening in the cockpit
08:01Safely away from shore
08:02According to the radar
08:04You're crossing radial 230
08:07From Lima
08:08Distance west
08:09Southwest
08:10Is 37 miles
08:11Flight 603
08:13Finally starts turning north
08:15To begin the approach to Lima
08:17And needs to begin its descent
08:19To the airport
08:20I'll try to descend
08:22With the power card
08:30He was going to descend
08:31At idle thrust
08:32Which is a good way to descend
08:34It's nice and steady
08:35In a 757
08:36And keeps the airspeed
08:38Under good control
08:46I cut the engines
08:47But the speed is increasing
08:50Even with power to the engines
08:52Cut
08:52The airspeed indicators
08:54Show that the plane
08:55Is accelerating
08:58Can you tell us
08:59The speed please
08:59I have 320
09:02We have 350
09:06They'll need to use
09:07A different strategy
09:08To descend
09:12Getting to the lower altitude
09:14Hopefully getting into
09:15Some clearer areas
09:16To see the coastal line
09:17Could give them more comfort
09:19For a safe landing
09:20Take the speed brakes out
09:25That is another great way
09:27Of slowing the aircraft
09:28And getting better control
09:30Of the airspeed
09:34But deploying the speed brakes
09:36Has the opposite effect
09:41Over speed
09:42A new warning tells them
09:44They're flying far too fast
09:47The airplane's above
09:48Its maximum allowable airspeed
09:50It's in danger of breaking apart
09:52If they don't do something
09:53Right now
09:59But I have the speed brakes out
10:01And all the power is cut
10:02This can't be right
10:05What more possibly
10:06Can be confusing
10:07And going wrong right now
10:11Seconds later
10:12They get a contradictory warning
10:14That the plane's flying
10:15Far too slow
10:19The stick shaker
10:21Indicates to pilots
10:22That if the airplane
10:23Gets any slower
10:24It's going to be
10:25In a stall condition
10:28Are they going too fast
10:29Or too slow
10:31The pilots must decide
10:32Which alarm to react to
10:36We're stalling
10:43The captain decides
10:44To increase the speed
10:46By pitching the nose down
10:47Silencing the stall warning
10:54But they're not out of danger yet
10:58With conflicting warnings
11:00And no reliable airspeed
11:02Or altitude readings
11:03The pilots of flight 603
11:06Urgently need help
11:09Is there any plane
11:10That can take off
11:10To rescue us?
11:12Yes
11:12We're coordinating immediately
11:15At this point
11:17It was a totally
11:18Out of the box
11:19Thought by the first officer
11:22To ask for
11:23This type of assistance
11:25Which would have given them
11:26A visual reference
11:28Right next to them
11:29With altitude
11:30Airspeed
11:31Also communications
11:32And we have somebody
11:34Alongside of us
11:35Holding our hand
11:36To the airport
11:38The plane is now
11:3950 miles
11:40From Lima's airport
11:43Aero Peru 603
11:45You are heading
11:45270
11:4710,000 feet
11:48While they wait
11:50For a rescue plane
11:51The captain attempts
11:52To join the approach path
11:53To the runway
11:55I'll try to intercept
11:56The ILS
11:57And then descent
11:59Lima
11:59Aero Peru 603
12:01We will try to intercept
12:02The ILS
12:03Roger
12:04Aero Peru 603
12:05They think they're flying
12:06At a nice safe altitude
12:08And they think
12:09That they pretty much
12:10Have airspeed under control
12:11They probably thought
12:13They were in a pretty
12:13Darn good position
12:17Soon after
12:18The radar controller
12:20Provides an update
12:21On the escort flight
12:22Aero Peru 603
12:25There is a 707
12:26About to take off
12:27Starting to move now
12:33It seems to be flying well
12:37Can you tell us
12:38Our altitude please
12:39You are at 9,700 feet
12:42According to my radar
12:44Terrain
12:44Too low
12:45Terrain
12:48Too low
12:49Terrain
12:50Terrain
12:519,700 feet
12:52But we're getting
12:53A terrain warning
12:55Pull up
12:56Pull up
12:57If he's telling you
12:57To pull up
12:58Terrain
12:59We're hitting the water
13:00Pull up
13:09We're running over
13:10Pull up
13:2029 minutes
13:22After taking off
13:23Flight 603
13:24Crashes into the Pacific Ocean
13:2648 miles from Lima, Peru
13:36Within hours
13:37A Navy aircraft
13:39Discovers debris
13:40From flight 603
13:44The accident occurred
13:46At night
13:46And the wave conditions
13:48Were very high
13:49So the first few ships
13:50That went out
13:51To look for the wreckage
13:52Really struggled
13:53To find it
13:55Heavy fog
13:57Also hampers
13:58Recovery efforts
14:14By the end
14:15Of the first day
14:16The bodies
14:17Of only 13
14:18Of the 70 people
14:19On board
14:20Are recovered
14:21There are no signs
14:23Of survivors
14:27Those who haven't been found
14:28Are believed to be
14:29Inside the fuselage
14:31On the seabed
14:45It's up to air crash investigators
14:48From Peru's
14:49Accident Investigation Board
14:50To find out why
14:52A plane
14:52Last observed
14:53Flying nearly
14:5410,000 feet
14:55Above the sea
14:56Suddenly crashed into it
15:04We have the military radar
15:05With the underwater wreckage
15:08Still beyond reach
15:09Investigators get their first lead
15:11From the Peruvian military
15:15Any coastal nation
15:17Will have military radar
15:18That's constantly scanning
15:20For any approaching aircraft
15:21So by querying
15:23The Peruvian military radar
15:25We were able to get some data
15:27About the altitude
15:28And position
15:29Of the accident flight
15:32So after taking off
15:33They follow the approved flight plan
15:35Over the ocean
15:35And then they start heading north
15:39Yeah, they're headed back
15:40Towards Lima
15:43The flight climbs to 13,000 feet
15:46And then it starts to descend
15:49And now
15:52In the last seven minutes
15:54The flight has a series
15:55Of erratic climbs
15:56And descents
15:57Before it crashes
15:59It appears
16:00They lost control
16:06It becomes
16:07Just a rollercoaster ride
16:10Of altitudes
16:10Because they don't have control
16:17What could have caused
16:18The pilots to lose control?
16:21When you start
16:22Putting an investigation together
16:24You start putting
16:25The what ifs on the table
16:26What if this failed?
16:28What if that failed?
16:29What if this went wrong?
16:30What if the crew made a mistake?
16:33Pre-takeoff seems okay
16:35Investigators scrutinize
16:36The communications
16:37Between air traffic control
16:39And the pilots
16:40Look at this
16:41The crew reported problems
16:43With airspeed
16:43And altitude readings
16:44Only two and a half minutes
16:45Into the flight
16:47Tower, Aero Peru 603
16:50Aero Peru 603
16:51Tower, go ahead
16:52We have no altimeters
16:54And no airspeed
17:00Faulty air data
17:03Sounds like an issue
17:04With the pitostatic system
17:08The pitostatic system
17:10Uses tubes and sensors
17:12Mounted on the plane
17:13Which measure air pressure
17:14To calculate airspeed
17:16And altitude
17:19Wasn't there a recent crash
17:20Involving the pitostatic system?
17:22Yeah
17:24Birgonaire flight 301
17:28Only eight months earlier
17:30Another Boeing 757
17:32Crashed soon after
17:33Taking off from Puerto Plata
17:35In the Dominican Republic
17:37The cause was a blocked pitot tube
17:41Some investigators were wondering
17:43If we had a similar situation
17:45To what we had in Birgonaire
17:46Wasn't entirely the same
17:48But it still involved
17:50Blockage or covering
17:51Parts of the pitostatic system
17:54Maybe that's what happened here
18:06Nearly two weeks
18:08Since Aero Peru
18:09Flight 603
18:10Crashed into the ocean
18:11A US Navy ship
18:13Helps the Peruvian Navy
18:15To track the pings
18:16From the Boeing 757's
18:18Two black boxes
18:19The wreckage is finally located
18:22At a depth of 680 feet
18:28Using remotely operated vehicles
18:31Investigators finally get their first view
18:34Of the wreckage site
18:37The wreckage is very concentrated
18:39The plane was intact
18:40When it hit the water
18:49The fact that all the major pieces
18:52Of the airplane
18:52Are in one concentrated area
18:54Really gives the investigators
18:56A much clearer picture
18:58Of how the airplane came down
19:00So it either came down
19:01In a flat spin
19:02Or it came down nose first
19:04Which is a very unusual accident
19:09There
19:10The black boxes are also located
19:15They're very very critical
19:17To get both recorders
19:18First you want to know
19:20How the airplane was behaving
19:21And then secondly
19:22What was going on in the cockpit
19:24Between the crew members
19:26Of the airplane
19:29They are packed in seawater
19:31And sent to Washington
19:32Where the NTSB
19:34The National Transportation Safety Board
19:36Will process their invaluable data
19:45That's it
19:46Keep moving that way
19:49The team also searches
19:51For evidence
19:52Of some kind of blockage
19:53Of the pitot tubes
19:54And static ports
19:56There
19:56Keep going
19:59They focus on a section
20:01Of the left fuselage
20:02Where the static ports
20:03Are located
20:04Okay now moving
20:10That's it
20:12The static ports were blocked
20:16They can see
20:17That the ports are covered
20:22When we saw
20:23That those static ports
20:25Were covered
20:25It was case closed
20:27Drop the curtains
20:28We knew exactly
20:30What happened
20:30In this accident
20:32How did such a critical device
20:35Which determines airspeed
20:37And altitude
20:37Get covered up
20:39And blocked
20:42Make sure you tag everything
20:45Investigators survey
20:46The recovered wreckage
20:47Of Aero Peru
20:48Flight 603
20:50To find out
20:51What is covering
20:52The static ports
20:56Look at that
21:00Looks like
21:01Filler tape
21:02Same color
21:03As Ofisovac
21:09Flyers
21:30Why were the ports
21:32Covered with tape
21:33And by whom
21:39It wasn't our job
21:41To assign blame
21:42Or liability
21:43But we wanted
21:43To understand
21:44The procedure
21:45To make sure
21:46That important step
21:47Of removing the tape
21:48Would never get
21:49Overlooked again
21:54So
21:54Let's check
21:55The last bug entry
21:56Okay
21:58Investigators
21:59Check maintenance records
22:00To understand
22:01Why the ports
22:02Were taped over
22:05Interesting
22:06Hey
22:08Bird strike
22:12During the plane's
22:13Last landing
22:14Before the accident
22:16The right engine
22:18Was struck by birds
22:20They replaced
22:21Two turbine blades
22:22The hydraulic pump
22:24Was repaired
22:24And they polished
22:25The lower front
22:26Of the 757
22:29Exactly
22:30Where the static ports
22:31Are located
22:33Did maintenance
22:34Personnel
22:35Follow the correct
22:35Procedures
22:36For polishing
22:37The 757
22:38When you're
22:39Performing work
22:40On the airplane
22:41Such as polishing
22:42Or washing it
22:43It's important
22:43Not to get any
22:44Debris
22:45Into the ports
22:46Because
22:47When you take off
22:48Temperatures go down
22:49They may freeze
22:50In place
22:51Which could cause
22:53Severe
22:53Instant problems
22:54To the airplane
22:56According to the
22:57Maintenance manual
22:58They're supposed
22:58To cover the static ports
22:59Whoever polished
23:01The plane
23:01Covered the static ports
23:02With tape
23:03And didn't remove it
23:07So why
23:08Wasn't the tape
23:09Removed
23:10After the area
23:10Was polished
23:13If you look
23:14At the
23:14Maintenance process
23:15On an airplane
23:17And cleaning
23:18Or polishing
23:18An airplane
23:19Is maintenance
23:20There's multiple
23:21Steps
23:21Multiple people
23:22And multiple looks
23:24The whole purpose
23:25Of that is
23:26To make sure
23:27That nothing
23:28Is missed
23:30Were the static ports
23:32Inspected
23:33As part of
23:34Flight 603
23:35The line check
23:35It was a crazy night
23:40Investigators
23:40Interview the line mechanic
23:42To determine
23:42If the static ports
23:43Were inspected
23:44After the work
23:45Was done
23:46The line chief
23:47Usually does it
23:48But he was sick
23:51So
23:53I did it
24:03So
24:04I guess you didn't
24:05See the tape then
24:10Aluminum tape
24:11Is pretty common
24:13And if you take it
24:14And just spread it
24:15Over those ports
24:16It blends in perfectly
24:18And it makes it
24:19Very easy
24:19For somebody
24:20To miss it
24:23Was he adequately
24:24Trained
24:25I would say
24:26The answer
24:27To that
24:27Is no
24:30Did you see
24:31Either pilot
24:32Do a pre-flight
24:33Check
24:34Yes
24:35The captain
24:38Did you know
24:39If he checked
24:40Them
24:43Couldn't tell
24:43You
24:46If I had a new
24:47Person on my crew
24:48I would tell them
24:49To watch the captain
24:50See what he's doing
24:52And it becomes
24:53Routine for mechanics
24:54To watch what
24:55The flight crew does
24:57Okay
24:58Thank you for your time
25:01There's at least
25:02One if not
25:02Two line checks
25:03That are done
25:03By supervisors
25:05Of the line maintenance
25:07And then
25:08One of the crew members
25:09Would do a walk around
25:10As they are obligated
25:11To do always
25:13So there are
25:14Several levels
25:15Where things
25:17Should have been
25:17Detected
25:18But weren't
25:19In this flight
25:23So
25:24Both the line mechanic
25:25And the pilot
25:26Missed
25:29Investigators
25:30Now know
25:31That despite
25:32All the safety checks
25:33That were meant
25:33To be performed
25:34No one spotted
25:36The silver tape
25:37Covering the static ports
25:38So we know
25:40What caused the fault
25:40Here
25:41Speeds and altitude
25:41But faulty air data
25:43Alone
25:44Doesn't cause a plane
25:45To crash
25:46So
25:47What did
25:56Investigators
25:56Turn to the cockpit
25:57Voice recorder
25:58From Aero Peru
25:59Flight 603
26:01There you go
26:02Thank you
26:02To determine
26:03How the pilots
26:04Dealt with faulty airspeed
26:06And altitude data
26:07Pick it up
26:08From the takeoff
26:30The plane is barely off the ground
26:32When the pilots identify
26:34The first problem
26:35The altimeters are stuck
26:37The captain's altimeter
26:39The first officer's altimeter
26:41The standby altimeter
26:43All three sources
26:45Were different
26:46And they were all wrong
26:50Keep V2 plus 10
26:51V2 plus 10
26:53It's quickly followed
26:55By a second issue
26:56The speed
26:57The airspeed
26:59Is also stuck
27:01Yeah
27:02Yeah
27:02Right
27:02Hold on
27:07They were only
27:08200 feet above the ground
27:09And they already knew
27:10That there were problems
27:11With altitude
27:12And airspeed
27:14In three different places
27:16In the cockpit
27:16They're seeing
27:17Unreliable airspeed
27:19And altitude
27:20According to the FDR
27:22They're still climbing
27:23Let's see how they handle
27:25That faulty data
27:29What's going on?
27:30We're not climbing
27:31I'm climbing
27:34Investigators hear
27:35The captain
27:36Continue to rely
27:37On the faulty data
27:38On his altimeter
27:39Climb
27:40Climb
27:41Climb
27:41I am climbing
28:00So in this initial moments
28:05Of the climb
28:06It seems like
28:07The first officer
28:08Was more in touch
28:09With what the airplane
28:10Was really doing
28:10What else do the pilots
28:12Do to handle the situation?
28:14Keep playing
28:16Let's go to basic instruments
28:19But within a minute
28:20The captain stops
28:21Focusing on the faulty instruments
28:25He decides to use
28:26The pitch and power procedure
28:27That's good
28:29Very quickly on
28:30The captain says
28:31Basic instruments
28:32I believe he means
28:33The pitch and power procedure
28:38The pitch and power procedure
28:41The pitch and power procedure
28:42Requires reducing the pitch angle
28:43Of the aircraft
28:44To two degrees nose up
28:46And the throttles
28:47To 55%
28:48This should result
28:50In level flight
28:51By flying with set pitch
28:54And power
28:55And ignoring the unreliable
28:57Airspeed and altitude
28:58Gives the crew time
29:00To sort out what's going on
29:02And think through
29:03What might be causing
29:04The unreliable indications
29:07Then they declare
29:08The emergency
29:09Pick it up after that
29:10Let's see if they
29:11Did the procedure properly
29:17Switching to
29:181
29:1919.7
29:21Auto throttle
29:22Has it connected
29:23Auto throttle
29:24Has disconnected
29:25But instead of checking
29:27His attitude indicator
29:28And engine gauges
29:30Let's see
29:30Read that
29:32The captain focuses
29:33On the crew alerting screen
29:35Which is displaying
29:36More alerts
29:39Rudder ratio
29:40And max speed trim
29:41The rudder ratio
29:43And max speed trim
29:44Warnings were just
29:45The result of the
29:46Unreliable airspeed
29:47And altitude indications
29:49In the cockpit
29:49They shouldn't have been
29:51The primary focus
29:52Of the crew
29:54They're getting distracted
29:56By false alerts
29:57They ignore the
29:58Pitch and power procedure
30:01We're flying without speed
30:03Soon after
30:04Speed is zero
30:07All airspeed indicators
30:08At zero
30:13Investigators hear the pilots
30:14Turning their attention back
30:16To the erroneous airspeed
30:18And altitude readings
30:20The tape on the static ports
30:23Meant that the airspeed
30:24And altitude
30:25Were always wrong
30:27And they were always changing
30:29As the airplane
30:30Climbed and descended
30:32We will maintain
30:3410,000 feet
30:35Set it
30:3510,000 feet
30:37But at no point
30:39Did they disregard
30:40The unreliable airspeed
30:42And altitude
30:42They looked at them
30:44Constantly
30:4512,000 feet
30:46The crew never
30:47Switched their mindset
30:48To just using
30:49Pitch and power
30:53They climbed for
30:54Several more minutes
30:56But if they were climbing
30:58How did the crew
30:59End up hitting the ocean
31:00They can't keep
31:02Climbing forever
31:04We have problems
31:05Reading our instruments
31:07Investigators continue
31:08Listening to the cockpit
31:09Voice recorder
31:10Of Aero Peru
31:11Flight 603
31:12To determine
31:13How the crew
31:14Carried out the return
31:15To Lima
31:15With faulty instrument data
31:17Set the approach please
31:19I did
31:20I did
31:20Then let's go
31:24The captain
31:25He knew he had to
31:26To get down
31:27To Lima airport
31:28I'll try to descend
31:29With the power cut
31:31And the way to do that
31:32Was to reduce the power
31:36No sooner
31:37Do the pilots
31:38Cut the power
31:39Than they face
31:40Another problem
31:41The speed is increasing
31:43Why is the speed so high?
31:46Is it the real speed?
31:47That's what worries me
31:48I don't think so
31:52They think they're speeding up
31:54And they can only be slowing down
32:01The pilots don't know
32:03Whether to believe
32:04The faulty airspeed indicator
32:05That's showing
32:07They're going too fast
32:08After having pulled
32:09Their thrust levers
32:10Back to idle
32:12That'd be totally confusing
32:14For the captain
32:15He'd be saying
32:16This can't be happening
32:17It's impossible
32:18It violates the laws
32:19Of physics of aircraft
32:21But the captain's
32:23Thought process
32:23Is overtaken
32:24By what happens next
32:27Overspeed
32:30The faulty airspeed data
32:32Is now triggering
32:33The overspeed warning
32:35An overspeed warning
32:37Gets your attention
32:38Very quickly
32:39And
32:40You want to react to it
32:42But
32:43This is the time
32:44When he should have been
32:45Questioning
32:45Whether that was correct
32:49The first officer
32:50Makes a split second decision
32:53Take the speed brakes out
32:57And now
33:00With the power cut
33:01And the speed brakes out
33:04Slows the plane down
33:05To the point of stalling
33:07The erroneous
33:08Overspeed data
33:09Leads the pilots
33:11To reduce their speed
33:12Which puts their plane
33:13Into a stall
33:26The crew
33:27Instinctively lowered the nose
33:29And increased their actual airspeed
33:31Those are the steps
33:32That will keep you
33:34From stalling the airplane
33:37Responding to the stall warning
33:39Was the right move
33:41But after that
33:45They head further out to sea
33:47Instead of towards Lima
33:50Why would they do that?
33:56Shortly after the stall warning ends
33:58Too low, terrain
34:00A new warning tells them
34:02They are dangerously close
34:03To terrain
34:04Too low, terrain
34:05The captain doesn't realize
34:07How close they are to the water
34:08Too low, terrain
34:10On the 757
34:11A radio altimeter
34:13Measures the plane's altitude
34:14When below 2,500 feet
34:16And sounds the ground proximity warning
34:19When the plane drops too close
34:21To the terrain
34:22The ground proximity warning system
34:24Is separate from the pitostatic system
34:26It was telling them the truth
34:28Too low, terrain
34:30Too low, terrain
34:32And now we've induced a terrifying alert
34:36Of I'm about to hit a mountain
34:39The pilots thought they were near a mountain
34:41When they were actually approaching
34:43The surface of the ocean
34:44Too low, terrain
34:48Let's go left
34:49Too low, terrain
34:58Radar shows you're turning left
35:01You're heading to the west
35:03We're heading 250
35:05We're heading out to sea
35:07Because we have a low terrain warning
35:09Too low, terrain
35:12He knew that the water
35:14The ocean
35:15Is to the left
35:16And that's going to be my safe environment
35:19Tink rate
35:21Tink rate
35:22No sooner do they deal with the terrain warning
35:25Than the pilots are confronted by an alert
35:28Telling them they are descending too rapidly
35:30Tink rate
35:32Tink rate
35:33Let's climb
35:33Let's go up
35:35Too low, terrain
35:39Now, going up
35:41Was the right call
35:42They were descending at 3,000 feet per minute
35:44They climbed to 4,000 feet
35:46And they stayed there for
35:49Approximately one minute
35:56So what led to the final plunge into the sea?
36:00Let's go back to Lima
36:01I'll try to intercept the ILS
36:03And then descend
36:05After 25 harrowing minutes
36:07The captain initiates a turn back to Lima
36:10Lima, Aero Peru 603
36:13We will try to intercept the ILS
36:16Can you tell us our altitude?
36:18Is our altitude
36:199,700 feet?
36:21Roger
36:21Aero Peru 603
36:23You're showing level at 9,700
36:27Too low, terrain
36:29But when the terrain warning activates
36:31Investigators know the plane was below 2,500 feet
36:36They both had the wrong altitude
36:41Investigators discover the controller
36:43Was also providing flight 603
36:46With incorrect altitude information
36:49The assumption was the controllers
36:51Can tell us our altitude
36:52But the flaw in that is
36:54Is that that altitude
36:55Is actually being sent to the controller
36:57From the aircraft itself
36:58Terrain
36:59If the information on board the aircraft
37:01Is incorrect
37:02Then the information that's being sent
37:05To the radar
37:05Is also going to be incorrect
37:09Investigators speak to the controller
37:11To understand why
37:12He relayed the faulty readings
37:14Back to flight 603
37:17So it looks like you were providing
37:18The crew with altitude data
37:20Yes
37:21They said they didn't have any altimeters
37:23So I told them what I was seeing
37:24On my radar screen
37:27Were you using SSR in mode C?
37:30Yes, that's right
37:31Your radar's altitude is coming
37:33From the plane's transponder
37:38When the controller
37:39Confirmed the altitudes
37:41For the pilots
37:42I think it gave them
37:43A false sense of hope
37:45That at least one of our problems
37:46Has been solved
37:47The altitude problem
37:49When in fact
37:50That was tragically incorrect
37:57But even with
37:58The faulty altitude readings
38:00Could the pilots
38:01Still have landed
38:02Their planes safely?
38:11Pick it up
38:12During their final descent
38:13To determine if the pilots
38:15Had any other options
38:16To save their plane
38:18Investigators listen
38:19To the final moments
38:20Of Aero Peru
38:21Flight 603
38:24It seems to be flying well
38:27Can you tell us our altitude?
38:29You're at 9,700 feet
38:31According to my radar
38:349,700 feet
38:36But we're getting a terrain warning
38:39The crew can't understand
38:41The conflicting information
38:44But there was a way
38:46For the pilots
38:47To determine their actual altitude
38:49And save the plane
38:50If they check the radio altimeter
38:52They would have realized
38:53How close they are
38:54To crushing
38:58When the ground proximity
38:59Warning system
39:00Activated in the cockpit
39:01The crew could have referred
39:03To the radio altimeter
39:05And that would have given them
39:06The truth data
39:07About how high they were
39:08Above the ground
39:09Too low
39:10Terrain
39:11Too low
39:12But they never check
39:14Their radio altimeter
39:15Pull up
39:16Too low
39:18Terrain
39:19Pull up
39:20Pull up
39:26We're hitting the water
39:29When an aircraft
39:31Has its wing
39:32Touch the water
39:33In a bank attitude
39:35The situation is hopeless
39:39Pull up
39:40Pull up
39:47The pilots try to get the plane
39:49Back in the air
39:53But the plane banks left
39:55And falls back
39:56Towards the sea
39:58We're running over
40:11They really had no idea
40:13How low they were
40:14And all those alarms
40:16Fall so real
40:16Just made matters worse
40:29The situation in the cockpit
40:30Was so confusing
40:35It was hard for either crew member
40:37To understand which cautions
40:38And warnings were true
40:40And important
40:41And there didn't seem
40:42To be a good balance
40:43Between the two crew members
40:45In sorting that out
40:48For investigators
40:49There's one final
40:51Unanswered question
40:53Were the pilots
40:55Properly prepared
40:55To handle an emergency
40:56Like this
40:58They examine
40:59The quick reference handbook
41:01Which provides guidance
41:02In emergency situations
41:04As well as
41:05Aero Peru's
41:06Training procedures
41:10Well there's nothing here
41:11Anything in the
41:13Training procedures
41:14Not one single word
41:16On how to handle
41:16Erroneous air data
41:20The lack of training
41:22Worked against them
41:26A big takeaway
41:27From this accident
41:28Was that flight crews
41:29Need to be better trained
41:31To get to pitch
41:32And power
41:33In the event of
41:34Unreliable airspeed
41:35And altitude
41:40Investigators needed
41:41Only two months
41:42To solve the mystery
41:44Of flight 603
41:45They now know
41:47That blocked static ports
41:49The ultimate resistance
41:51Created faulty air data readings
41:55Overspeed
41:56And those faulty readings
41:58Created so much confusion
42:00In the cockpit
42:01But I have the speed brakes out
42:03And not the power is cut
42:04That can be right
42:05That the overwhelmed crew
42:08Was unable to separate
42:09The false alarms
42:10From the true ones
42:14They really needed
42:16To develop a laser focus
42:17On just flying the airplane
42:19But they never got there
42:22The captain's failure
42:23To react to the ground
42:24Proximity warnings
42:25In time
42:27He's telling you to pull up
42:29He's telling you to pull up
42:30We're hitting the water
42:31Pull up
42:31Pull up
42:32I am
42:32Pull up
42:34Contributed to the death
42:35Of 70 people
42:53There's nothing highly technical
42:55About tape
42:55But boy did it start
42:57A chain of events
43:02The investigation's report
43:04Outlines a number
43:05Of recommendations
43:06But chief among them
43:08Is for more training
43:09To ensure crews
43:11Know how to deal
43:12With inaccurate air data
43:15And implementing the use
43:17Of eye-catching
43:18Static port covers
43:19While a plane
43:20Is being maintained
43:22Remember
43:23It's the simple things
43:25That cause problems
43:28And we need to keep that
43:30In everybody's mind
43:31Attention to detail
43:33If you perform that detail
43:35Whatever it is
43:37You're not going to get problems
43:42This accident
43:44Was one of the pillars
43:46Of safety procedures
43:51Our training changed
43:53Our pre-flight procedures changed
43:55Our attention to details changed
43:58And it still lives
44:00To this day
44:00It's a good point
44:27It's all going to flow
44:30Gracias por ver el video.
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