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Short filmTranscript
00:01Terrible Tudors, gorgeous Georgians, slimy tours, far Victorian
00:04Wokeful wars, ferocious fights, stingy castles, daring knights
00:07Horrors that divide description, cutthroat cults or bull egyptians
00:10Vicious vikings, cruel crime, punnish and frownation dimes
00:12Roman rotten, rank and ruthless, cavemen, savage, beers and tubeless
00:15Groovy Greeks, brainy sages, need a miss in middle ages
00:18Gory stories, we do that, and your host a talking rat
00:23The past is no longer the mystery
00:26Welcome to Horrible Histories
00:31Empires
00:33Nations that conquer other nations and take them over
00:37Enslaving or crushing the people as they go
00:40Like the Roman Empire
00:42Oi! Clear off! This is my home!
00:44I am so sorry, I had no idea
00:46Oh, well, fair enough, I didn't know
00:48Just kidding! It's part of my empire now
00:51And, once you're the subject of an empire, you can kiss goodbye to your rights
00:55Oh, come on!
00:57Your money, your natural resources
00:59And, in some cases, your lies
01:02The Roman Empire crushed all in its power
01:05From Northern England to Egypt
01:07Yes, empires become huge territories
01:10Each under one supreme ruler
01:12Like the Persian Empire
01:14That smashed its way from Greece to India
01:18And Luxembourg's Luxembourgish Empire
01:21Hang on
01:23No empire for you, little Luxembourg
01:26You're not mighty enough
01:28Unlike Spain's empire, that was so powerful
01:31It destroyed other empires
01:33Like the Aztecs and the Incas in the Americas
01:36And what about Belgium's colonial empire in Central Africa?
01:40They brutally forced Africans to work for them
01:42And killed anyone who stood in their way
01:45Hang on, what's happening here?
01:47No, you're too small, Luxembourg
01:51And at the head of empires, emperors and empresses
01:55Like Emperor Napoleon of France
01:57Alexander the Great of the Macedonian Empire
02:00And finally, empress of the largest empire the world has ever known
02:05Queen Victoria and her British Empire
02:08Oh, yeah, go back
02:10Me and all the other powerful emperors and empresses throughout history
02:14Not you, Luxembourg
02:16Oh
02:17Yeah, it's good to rule an empire
02:19Loved universally by all your conquered people
02:21Empires are rubbish
02:23Strange, is it possible that not everyone likes being conquered?
02:27Why not?
02:28Welcome to the rise and fall of enormous empires
02:33So, empires are basically powerful nations that keep taking over less powerful ones
02:40Alexander the Great's massive Macedonian Empire stretched across three continents
02:46And his brilliant battle tactics saw him conquer more and more land
02:51Nothing seemed to slow him down
02:53Well, almost nothing
02:57It's 329 BC
02:59And Alexander the Great is seeking to expand his empire further into Asia
03:05For Alexander the Great
03:08For the Macedonian Empire
03:11Oh, no
03:12What are you doing, sir?
03:13No, nothing
03:14Carry on
03:15Right, stop
03:16As I was saying, for the Macedonian Empire
03:32Sorry, sir, what was that?
03:34What was what?
03:35You running off mid-battle
03:36Is this one of your brilliant strategies?
03:38Er, yeah
03:39Sure, yeah
03:40Like that time we were fighting on a day that the calendar said was unlucky
03:43So you change the calendar
03:45Huzzah!
03:46Yeah
03:47What's your brilliant strategy this time?
03:49Are you meeting with secret allies behind the book?
03:51Are there hidden troops back there?
03:52Oh, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no, no
03:54Just, er, part of my secret hidden strategy
03:57Feel another strategy coming
04:00Ah!
04:01Ah!
04:02Ah!
04:03Ah!
04:04Ah!
04:05Ah!
04:06Ah!
04:07Ah!
04:08Ah!
04:09Ah!
04:10It's okay
04:11I'm fine
04:12We all heard the poo noise
04:13Even we heard the poo noise
04:15And we're on the other side
04:16Oh, I'm fine
04:18Ah!
04:19Look, I didn't want to tell you guys, alright
04:20But I may have drunk some dodgy water
04:22Because I've got like a teeny bit of diarrhea
04:26Oh, no!
04:27Ew!
04:28Don't overreact
04:29I knew I smelled something when we were crossing the river
04:30You said it was just funny smelling mud
04:32Oh!
04:33Oh!
04:34It's like a waterfall coming out of my bum
04:35Oh, come on!
04:36Oh!
04:37Oh!
04:38Oh!
04:39Oh!
04:40Oh!
04:41Oh!
04:42Man!
04:43The Sidians are retreating!
04:44The day is ours!
04:45Huzzah!
04:46Come!
04:47Let us embrace
04:49Actually, I think I lost my sword somewhere, so I'll probably go look for that.
04:54Well, we're here among the dead. Come, let us search together.
04:58Actually, I've got a huge battle tomorrow, so I might have an early night.
05:05Fine. I was washing my hair anyway.
05:12Headteacher Ruth Thomas has had to find a replacement geography teacher
05:16after Mr Napoleon declared himself Emperor of France and invaded Italy.
05:21Welcome to Historical Educating.
05:24I mean, he's a huge historical figure, but maybe a Mongol warlord
05:28shouldn't be put in charge of 11-year-olds. I'm going to keep an eye on this one.
05:32Class 7F's new geography teacher is Genghis Khan.
05:36Good morning, Mr Genghis Khan.
05:40You know, I had a tough life growing up.
05:42My family lost their home when my dad was killed by another tribe.
05:45Oh.
05:46I dedicated myself to protecting my family and bringing the Mongol clans together
05:50so they would never be fighting between us again.
05:53I'll leave you to it.
05:56One of the ways I brought the clans together was by killing the Anabedas!
06:00Did I mention I also killed my own brother over a hunting row?
06:04Maybe write that down too.
06:05Mr Genghis Khan is a bit more violent than our usual teachers.
06:09Apart from Mr Johnson, he threw a pencil at Josie Hillage.
06:12Now, who knows what this country is?
06:15China!
06:15No, that's part of my Mongol Empire.
06:18And what about this?
06:19Iran!
06:20Nope, that's mine too.
06:21And that's mine, and that's mine, and that's mine, and that's mine.
06:22In just 25 years, I conquered more lands than the Romans did in their whole history.
06:28What's wrong, young man?
06:29Cheer up.
06:30I'll let you drink some horse blood at break time.
06:33Yeah!
06:34What?
06:35It'll make you strong.
06:36Will it make me as strong as Kit Lam from 7D?
06:39He picks on me.
06:40Where is this land of the 7D you speak of?
06:43I think I may have misjudged Mr Genghis Khan.
06:47Sorry to bother you.
06:48Class 7F have just invaded 7D.
06:50Um, excellent.
06:52I'd better.
06:53Sorry.
06:53Mr Genghis Khan, we do not allow violence in this school.
06:59Please make sure it doesn't happen again.
07:01No more violence.
07:02Got it.
07:03Come on, children.
07:04Shuffle.
07:06Shuffle.
07:07One way to avoid violence is to utterly destroy your enemy cities.
07:12Who wants to burn down the canteen?
07:14Yeah!
07:16Mr Genghis Khan has not been asked back,
07:19and Mrs Thomas is once again looking for a new geography teacher.
07:23Ooh, tomato juice.
07:24And a new canteen.
07:26But that's tomorrow's problem, here on Historical Educating.
07:32You might think being an emperor's easy,
07:34and that once you've got all the conquering out of the way,
07:37you can just sit back and chill.
07:39Well, bad luck,
07:41cos keeping hold of power is hard work.
07:44Take Emperor Justinian II, ruler of the Byzantine Empire.
07:48He got overthrown, had his nose cut off,
07:51and was banished from his home.
07:53Then, ten years later, he was back on the throne.
07:58Picture the scene.
07:59You're Justinian II, ruler of the Byzantine Empire.
08:03It's kind of a continuation of the Roman Empire, but based here.
08:06In Constantinople, instead of here, in Rome.
08:10Things are going great, when suddenly...
08:12This happened.
08:14My rival's stolen my throne,
08:17and cut off my nose,
08:18so that no one would ever let me be emperor again.
08:20Uh-oh.
08:21Having no nose is a big no-no for a Byzantine emperor.
08:25They're expected to look physically perfect, like gods.
08:28Whoa!
08:28What happened, man?
08:30You pick your nose with an axe,
08:31some emperor you'd be.
08:33God, I guess there's nothing I can do.
08:35Not so fast.
08:36Here at Byzantine Bling, we've got the solution for you.
08:39A golden nose.
08:42Wow!
08:43It's so shiny and heavy.
08:46Oh.
08:47I've got a nose again,
08:48and it's not just perfect,
08:50it's solid gold.
08:51No, no-one can say you don't look good enough to rule again.
08:55Hey, great 24-karat conk,
08:57you can rule over my empire any time.
09:00Thanks, Byzantium Bling.
09:02Order your golden schnoz today,
09:04and Byzantium Bling will throw in a free set of Imperial Raves.
09:09Wow!
09:10Get your golden nose at Byzantium Bling today.
09:13My emperor's got no nose.
09:16How does he smell?
09:17Fabulous.
09:20No refunds.
09:21Make way for Qin Shi Huangdi,
09:26first and probably only emperor of China,
09:29for he will live forever,
09:30thanks to the magic potion he's been drinking.
09:33He's in the prime of life.
09:34Sir,
09:35the emperor's been very quiet in there.
09:38Do you think we should check on him?
09:39Okay.
09:40He's probably just thinking about how healthy he is.
09:47Yep.
09:48Still dead.
09:49He's fine.
09:51Off we go.
09:52Really?
09:52Yeah, he's just got a sore throat so he can't talk.
09:54May I see?
09:57Yes, your majesty.
09:59He says no.
10:00I thought you said he couldn't talk.
10:01He said it with his eyes.
10:03Off we go.
10:04If the emperor is ill,
10:06then shouldn't we call for his oldest son, Fusu?
10:09No, we are not calling for Fusu.
10:11I know you don't get on with him,
10:13and yes, he will sack you if he takes charge, but...
10:16No, the emperor is perfectly healthy.
10:19Well, the emperor did write this letter
10:21that says Fusu should take over if he were to die, so...
10:25We don't need that.
10:26The emperor's full of beans.
10:27In fact...
10:29Uh-huh.
10:30Yeah.
10:31Mm-hmm.
10:32Uh-huh.
10:33Yeah.
10:33The emperor says destroy the silly letter
10:36and carry on with the parade,
10:38which he will enjoy quietly from inside his litter.
10:42Oh, what's that smell?
10:44That will be the fish.
10:47The emperor never goes anywhere
10:49without his lucky cut of fish.
10:51That smells awful.
10:53So it's not like it's the kind of smell
10:55you'd use to cover up the stink of a dead body or anything.
10:58Are you sure he's okay in there?
11:01Oh, fine.
11:02I'll go and get him.
11:03Come on, sire.
11:04I want your part.
11:07I want you to write a new letter
11:09telling Fusu I hate him
11:11and that he should stab himself to death.
11:13Well, if you insist, sire.
11:16OK, let's get this tour back on the road
11:18before everything falls apart,
11:20including the emperor.
11:22Make way for Qing Shi Huangdi of China
11:25who's feeling great.
11:28Running a truly massive empire isn't easy,
11:32and every empire that rises must one day fall,
11:35even the most famous empires of all.
11:38Take the Roman Empire.
11:40It existed for hundreds of years,
11:42invading and taking over large parts of Europe, Africa and Asia.
11:47But they got a taste of their own medicine
11:50when Attila the Hun
11:51and his nomadic Hunnic Empire
11:53decided to invade.
11:57Hi, guys.
11:58You know, life in Attila's Hunnic Empire
12:00can be so hectic.
12:02But guess what?
12:03All that rush is no reason not to look plush.
12:06That's why today
12:07we're here with our friend from the Roman Empire, Octavius.
12:10Octavius, come on in.
12:12I can't.
12:13You've tied me to a trade.
12:15You know, we Huns are always making friends
12:18by attacking the Roman Empire
12:19and taking their Roman people away against their will.
12:22Can you untie me, please?
12:24They get to join our big multiracial Hun clan.
12:27Or die.
12:31Octavius of Rome,
12:32we're going to put the hip in your hippodrome
12:34and make you a Hun.
12:36You guys in the Roman Empire
12:48may call our leader Attila the scourge of God,
12:51but you guys are definitely
12:52the scourge of fashion.
12:55Honey, where did it all go wrong?
12:57It went wrong when you guys invaded
12:59and burned down my town.
13:00Makeover time!
13:01Let's start with, like,
13:06a simple, basic Hunnic head stretch.
13:08Sorry, did you say stretch?
13:09That's right!
13:10We're going to wrap your head
13:11so tightly and bandages
13:13that it stretches
13:13and goes all pointy like ours.
13:15And all that facial hair
13:17is going to come right off.
13:18Aw, we wouldn't really use that.
13:20No way!
13:21We're going to burn it off.
13:23Yay!
13:24Please don't burn me.
13:25Aw, you okay, Hun?
13:27So, I've been thinking mainly leathers
13:33and animal skins.
13:35They're warm, they're hard-wearing,
13:36and they look fantastic.
13:38On someone with muscles?
13:40Oh, talk about a Roman sadiator,
13:42am I right?
13:43And what better way to get fit
13:45than by fighting a bear?
13:46Fighting a what?
13:47OMG, you've got a bear.
13:49That is so you.
13:51It is.
13:51Oh, talk about being a barbarian.
13:56Oh, I think that bear really likes him.
14:00Oh, I've got the face!
14:04When we met Octavius,
14:05he was living happily with his family
14:07inside the Roman Empire.
14:09Whatever.
14:11But now, this Roman's gone from
14:13Emperor Zero to Hunnic Hero.
14:16Oh, Octavius, hun, you look fierce.
14:19Yeah, I'm furious.
14:22Look what you've done to my head!
14:23Work it, twerk it, strike a pose.
14:25Now, the big question is,
14:26are you going to come pillaging with us
14:28as we burn away across Europe?
14:30Or are we going to have to, like,
14:31kill you or something?
14:33Let's go raid the Roman Empire, hun!
14:36Yay!
14:37Let's all dance and then eat raw meat.
14:39See you next time!
14:40Woo!
14:41Woo!
14:44The British Empire was the biggest of them all.
14:47But it started life small.
14:49Hundreds of years before Britain
14:50had even existed
14:52when Queen Elizabeth I
14:53granted a royal charter
14:55to the East India Company,
14:57meaning they could travel the world
14:58searching for treasures
14:59they could sell back home.
15:01They brought lots of fancy new items
15:03back to England,
15:04like tea, cotton and silk,
15:06and delicious spices,
15:08which made them all very rich.
15:10It was trips like these
15:11that led Britain to become richer
15:13at the expense of the countries
15:15they'd visited.
15:16But that didn't mean
15:17those early trips
15:18were all successful.
15:20Coming soon,
15:21a band of plucky adventurers
15:23take to the high seas.
15:26With the backing of Queen Elizabeth,
15:27our small fleet of mighty ships
15:30will make history.
15:31the Red Dragon,
15:32the Hector,
15:33the Ascension,
15:34and the Susan.
15:36Still wish we got a cooler sound
15:38in fourth, babe.
15:38Yeah, me too.
15:40The East India Company
15:41sets sail.
15:43Loose the top sails!
15:45Nothing can stop us now.
15:47Actually, it's a bit windy.
15:49Oi!
15:49Back to port!
15:51When they eventually set out
15:53two months later,
15:55it went really, really well.
15:57It'd take more than a little sickness
15:59to get this crew down.
16:00They laugh in the face.
16:02I can't take it anymore!
16:04Oh!
16:05Someone just jump off the boat.
16:07I think it's fair to say
16:08morale is a little low.
16:13Starring the commander of the fleet,
16:15James Lancaster,
16:16who will lead his men
16:18to foreign treasures
16:19in the East.
16:21Behold,
16:22our Indonesian treasure.
16:24Now we can go home!
16:26Dirtiest-looking diamonds
16:27I've ever seen!
16:28These aren't diamonds.
16:29This is pepper!
16:30worth its weight
16:31in gold at home,
16:32and now we've got
16:32a whole boat full!
16:34A-cham!
16:35A-cham!
16:35A-cham!
16:36A-cham!
16:36A-cham!
16:37A-cham!
16:38A-cham!
16:39But the journey home
16:41isn't easy.
16:42The red dragon
16:43is so badly damaged
16:46that we'll have to
16:47A-cham!
16:47A-cham!
16:48Tell her home
16:49with the Hector!
16:50What?
16:51A-cham!
16:51I sneezed a bit of
16:53we out!
16:54Finally,
16:55our adventurers
16:56return home
16:57to a new king.
16:58Your Majesty,
17:00we bring you
17:00the treasure of the Orient.
17:02Oh,
17:03excellent news.
17:04It'd be good to get
17:05something other than
17:06pepper.
17:06We've got tons of other stuff.
17:07Can't shift it.
17:08Oh,
17:09no!
17:11Great!
17:12More pepper.
17:13Just what we need.
17:13Well,
17:13I'm not paying for it
17:14and I don't want you
17:15selling it
17:15because I want to
17:16sell mine first.
17:17So how are you
17:17going to pay us
17:18if you can't sell
17:19the pepper?
17:20Huh?
17:21I'll pay you
17:21with the treasure!
17:22A-cham!
17:23A-cham!
17:24The East India Company
17:26set sail.
17:27Coming soon...
17:28I know it's got to
17:29manage to...
17:31A-cham!
17:31A-cham!
17:32A-cham!
17:32A-cham!
17:33A-cham!
17:34The East India Company
17:36sailed around the world,
17:38grew in wealth and size
17:39and 200 years later
17:41was more powerful
17:42than some countries.
17:44This laid the groundwork
17:46for the British Empire
17:47which ended up
17:48taking over countries
17:49entirely
17:50and forcing its ideas
17:52and rules
17:52on local people
17:53and that
17:54didn't make the empire
17:56very popular.
17:57Mm-mm-mm!
18:00Now, Jeff,
18:01in precisely one minute's time
18:03we're going to march
18:04as British soldiers
18:05fighting for the
18:06East India Company
18:07into battle
18:09at Syringapatta.
18:10Now, how do you like that?
18:11Any chance we can do it
18:11tomorrow, Colonel?
18:12Of course.
18:13No, we cannot do it tomorrow.
18:15We're doing it today.
18:16Can we have this conversation
18:17in the shade, sir?
18:18I think my hat
18:19has caught my head.
18:20No, we cannot talk
18:21in the shade.
18:22A British soldier
18:23stands where he must.
18:25Be that under fire,
18:26in the ice,
18:27or in the sun.
18:29Is that understood?
18:29Mm-mm-mm!
18:32He must be very strong.
18:34I think their leader
18:34just killed a man
18:35with his finger.
18:36Why are the British
18:39wearing such ridiculously
18:40hot and thick uniforms?
18:41You're going to march
18:42into someone else's country
18:43killing anyone who resists.
18:45Least you could do
18:45is dress appropriately.
18:47We're struggling
18:47with the sun, sir.
18:48I mean, we all are.
18:49We're not used to it.
18:50All the fevers,
18:51all the water,
18:52all the food.
18:53Ooh!
18:54Sorry, I've got a dysentery, sir.
18:56Ooh, all right.
18:56Hey, whoa, whoa, whoa!
18:58That was a close one.
18:59I don't care
19:00if it's a bit hot.
19:02I don't care
19:03if you've got
19:04a runny bottom.
19:05I don't care
19:07if anyone's got
19:08a little bit
19:09of fever.
19:10Lemons,
19:11badgers,
19:11soup fairies!
19:12That's just fever.
19:13He's seeing things.
19:14Ha, ha, ha, ha, ha, ha, ha!
19:16Wow!
19:17Promise I'm trying
19:17to keep them in.
19:18Can you hear gum fire?
19:20I think some of them soldiers
19:22are dropping bottom bombs.
19:23They can't handle food
19:24with flavour.
19:25It goes straight through them.
19:26It is a mystery
19:27why they keep
19:27stealing food from us.
19:29When they finally leave,
19:30it is going to take an age
19:31to clean up after them.
19:32And to rebuild
19:33all the cities they burned.
19:35You lot are a disgrace.
19:37Now, you need to be
19:38ready to march.
19:38March!
19:39I am standing
19:40dead still
19:41and flinching my bum.
19:42But if I march,
19:44there's going to be carnage.
19:46Perhaps you'd like
19:47to be excused
19:47from battle today.
19:50You shower of toilets!
19:53The British Empire
19:54covers one-sixth
19:55of the world's land.
19:56The British soldiers
19:57are feared around the globe.
19:59Do you really think
19:59a bit of heat
20:01gut-churning
20:02is going to stop us?
20:03Oh!
20:05That might slow us down, Ashley.
20:07Go on!
20:09Get any new uniform?
20:11I just can't believe
20:12we're losing this war
20:13to these guys.
20:14They'll go eventually.
20:16They'll have to.
20:16They'll run out of underwear.
20:21Hello!
20:23What do you want?
20:24Well, I know you chaps
20:25don't like change very much.
20:27If by change you mean
20:28being invaded by you,
20:30you're right.
20:30We don't.
20:31Well, I actually have
20:32some very good news.
20:34Yeah!
20:34When are you leaving?
20:36Yeah!
20:36Hmm!
20:39No, we're not going anywhere.
20:41But I am bringing in
20:42a new money system.
20:43It's a special
20:44West African version
20:45of the British colonial
20:46currency system
20:47used across the Empire.
20:49And we have it in Britain too.
20:50Fun fact.
20:51Now, Johnson,
20:51if you would.
20:53Behold!
20:53A penny.
20:55OK, sounds simple.
20:56Two happenies
20:57make a penny
20:58and a tuppence
20:59is two pennies.
21:00Thanks for explaining
21:01the coins.
21:02Just getting started.
21:03Twelve pennies
21:03make a shilling
21:04and twenty shillings
21:05make a pound.
21:06So a pound
21:07is 240 pence.
21:08If you do keep interrupting,
21:09we will be here all day.
21:10Wouldn't it be easier
21:11if we could divide
21:12it all by ten?
21:13And use the French
21:14decimal system.
21:16God damn!
21:17Anyway,
21:18there's more.
21:18One florin
21:19is one tenth
21:20a pound,
21:21also two shillings.
21:22There are five shillings
21:23in a crown,
21:23so obviously
21:24there are four crowns
21:25in a pound.
21:26Used to be 21 shillings
21:27to a guinea,
21:27but we don't really
21:27use those anymore.
21:28Twenty-one?
21:29Yes.
21:30A penny is also one D.
21:31A shilling is known
21:32as a bob.
21:32A throppence is three pennies
21:33or a throppily bit.
21:34Half a shilling
21:34is a sixpence
21:35or a tenar.
21:36Not to be confused
21:37with a ten-pound note,
21:37which is known
21:38as a ten-er.
21:39And a fourpence
21:40used to be known
21:40as a groat.
21:41All clear?
21:42Permission to lie down, sir?
21:43Permission denied!
21:45Can we not just keep
21:46using the curry shells
21:47and the goddess?
21:48It's more simpler.
21:50Shells?
21:51Who uses shells to trade?
21:52At times,
21:53most of Africa,
21:54Asia,
21:55North America
21:55and Australia
21:56and the Middle East.
21:58And I bet
21:59it's not as heavy
21:59as carrying around
22:00all those coins.
22:01Ah, yeah, well,
22:03that's why we also
22:03have paper money.
22:05Flexible
22:05and lightweight.
22:07And easy to damage.
22:08You can't use
22:09your paper money
22:09around here.
22:10The termites
22:11will have it for lunch.
22:12Hey!
22:12Give me that back!
22:13It's got a king's head on it!
22:14Not anymore, it doesn't.
22:15It's treason, isn't it, Red?
22:17I want these termites shot!
22:18Or I can organise
22:19a really small
22:20firing squad, sir.
22:20Yeah, get a tiny
22:22firing squad in!
22:23Look, look, look,
22:24we'll take the coins.
22:25Excellent.
22:25And we'll melt them down
22:26to make something
22:27more useful.
22:28Jewelry,
22:29decorations,
22:31maybe even
22:31a bum scratcher.
22:32What?
22:33You can't use
22:34the king's head
22:35as a bum scratcher!
22:36I mean,
22:36why would he need
22:37a bum scratcher?
22:38For the termites,
22:39you're standing
22:40on their nets.
22:43May I have a bum scratcher?
22:45I only take shells.
22:47I wasn't just
22:51Queen of Great Britain,
22:52you know.
22:52I was also
22:53head of the British Empire.
22:55Look how big it was.
22:57Surely,
22:57such a huge empire
22:59would last forever.
23:00Some chance.
23:01It turned out
23:02quite a lot of people
23:03were unhappy
23:03being ruled by us
23:04and many of them
23:05started fighting us
23:06for their independence.
23:08In India,
23:09Mahatma Gandhi
23:10came up with a new tactic,
23:11not to fight at all.
23:12He launched a series
23:14of peaceful protests
23:15which were rather effective.
23:16Although, of course,
23:17he didn't do it alone.
23:25Namaste, Gandhi.
23:27Sarojini Naidu is,
23:28politician,
23:29protester,
23:30poet.
23:31How's that vow
23:32of silence going?
23:33I hear you're not
23:34going to talk on Mondays
23:35until India
23:36is free from Britain?
23:37It's a powerful idea.
23:38I shall do the same
23:40starting right now.
23:42How long was that?
23:44A few seconds.
23:46Well, what can I say?
23:47My ugly angel.
23:49I like talking.
23:53May I remind you
23:54that I am a major figure
23:56in the Indian independence movement,
23:58so maybe lose
23:59the silly nicknames.
24:00If the British thought
24:01their prince's visit
24:02was going to make them
24:03more popular in India,
24:04they have had a rude awakening.
24:06Our strikes and closures
24:07have shut the country down.
24:10But we do need to organise
24:12one of our peaceful protests
24:14for Prince Edward's visit
24:15to the Uttar Pradesh University.
24:20Okay, Gandhi,
24:21no more nicknames.
24:22My little Mickey Mouse.
24:24Don't worry about
24:24the prince's visit
24:25to the university.
24:26All the students
24:27are walking out in protest.
24:28It'll be so embarrassing
24:30for the prince
24:31and Britain
24:32when he turns up
24:33and there's nobody there.
24:35Hang on.
24:36Prince Edward
24:37has just posted a story.
24:41Good afternoon.
24:43Except it is not
24:43a good afternoon.
24:44I have just visited
24:45your university
24:46and I must say
24:48I am not happy.
24:50If your little walkout protest
24:51was bad enough,
24:52the university governors
24:53are trying to make it seem
24:54like the students
24:55are still there
24:56by filling the halls
24:57with Europeans
24:58and children
24:59like this one.
25:01Me?
25:02A child?
25:03I'm 59 and three quarters.
25:05I'll be writing to the king
25:06to tell him
25:07that this trip
25:07cost millions of rupees
25:09and you have turned it
25:10into a farce!
25:12It worked!
25:13The royal visit
25:15is a disaster!
25:16We must keep the pressure up.
25:17More burning
25:18of British imported cloth
25:19and more strikes.
25:21More no talking on...
25:22Oh.
25:24It's Monday.
25:26Oh no,
25:26I shouldn't be...
25:28That's it, Gandhi.
25:32We'll show them.
25:33No more talking
25:34until India is independent.
25:36Go!
25:37Is India independent yet?
25:39No.
25:40Shh.
25:40Oh.
25:42Oops.
25:44Despite Gandhi
25:45and his comrades' hard work,
25:47India didn't gain
25:48its independence
25:49until 1947.
25:51Other countries
25:52also fought
25:53to rule themselves
25:54and so the sun
25:55began to set
25:56on the British Empire.
25:57just as it had
25:58on all the other
25:59empires before.
26:00Here to explain more
26:01is Augustus of Rome,
26:02Napoleon of France
26:03and Britain's
26:05Queen Victoria.
26:07Augustus at your service
26:09heir to Julius Caesar.
26:12I was the first
26:13Roman emperor,
26:14one of history's
26:15greatest leaders.
26:18Beat all my enemies,
26:20I sure gave them
26:21what for.
26:22Grew the Roman Empire
26:24and did our civil war.
26:27When I departed,
26:29we just started
26:30adding countries
26:31to the list.
26:32No chance to reason
26:34with well-armed legions,
26:36how could they resist?
26:38But
26:38empires rise
26:39and empires
26:40and empires fall.
26:41Talk to Gengsha!
26:43The same fate
26:44awaits them all.
26:47Explore Gengsha!
26:48Invading tribes
26:50were a sign
26:51of the Roman Empire
26:52in decline.
26:54The writings
26:55of the war
26:56rise and fall.
27:00la folie
27:05and bonaparte
27:06first emperor
27:07of France
27:09during the French
27:10revolution
27:12my prospects
27:13were enhanced.
27:15Grew the first
27:16French empire
27:16from Mali
27:18to Martinique
27:19until Europe
27:21got together
27:21and we were
27:22forced
27:23to retreat.
27:25When I was boss
27:26three million lives
27:27lost
27:27I brought back
27:28slavery too.
27:30So those
27:31who grieved
27:31were pretty pleased
27:33when I met
27:33my Waterloo
27:34cause
27:35empires rise
27:37and empires fall.
27:39Domination
27:40The same fate
27:42awaits them all.
27:45Occupation
27:45A bit of more
27:47than I could chew.
27:48Britannia
27:49Oh, that to you.
27:51The writings
27:52on the wall
27:54rise and fall.
27:56By the time
27:57I came along
27:58my empire
28:00ruled the seas.
28:02All around the globe
28:03we founded British colonies
28:06But things started changing
28:09and once one
28:10was off the scene
28:11People wanted freedom
28:14Independence
28:15was their dream
28:16Empires rise
28:18and empires fall
28:20Liberation
28:22The same fate
28:23awaits them all
28:25Our own nation
28:27Taking other lands
28:29to increase our size
28:30Never mind the cost
28:31Keep your eyes
28:32on the prize
28:33But throughout history
28:34we've found
28:35Once you reach the top
28:36The only way is down
28:38The writings
28:39on the wall
28:41Rise and fall
28:45Therav subscribe
28:55to our channel
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