- 3 months ago
Disaster Transbian episode 70
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00:00Johann Schiff, trans lady sex worker, arrested in 1932 for nicking women's clothes from a
00:06department store in Berlin. We've always been here. Not even book burnings can truly erase it.
00:13We've always been here, committing misdemeanors. I'm glad they let her wear her gay little hat for
00:18one pick.
00:48We need to close the eyes, with no doubt. Just because you're with me, let the song go.
00:57So I'm glad you're with you. Yes, you are the wind. Never lose the heart. Just because you're with me.
01:07I'm glad there's always been a miracle.
01:15These images seen on national TV counselors say parents should monitor what children are watching.
01:26Dora Rudolfin Richter, born April 16, 1892, date of death unknown, was a German trans woman
01:35and the first known person to undergo complete male-to-female gender-affirming surgery.
01:41She was one of a number of transgender people in the care of sex research pioneer Magnus
01:48Hirschfeld at Berlin's Institute for Sexual Research during the 1920s and early 1930s. She
01:55underwent surgical removal of the testicles in 1922, followed in 1931 by removal of the
02:02penis and vaginoplasty. It is unclear what happened to Richter after 1939 and both the
02:08cause and date of her death are unknown. Richter was born as the second child of seven
02:15in Siphon, a small town in the Bohemian Ore Mountains region, to a poor farming family on April 16,
02:231892. Her mother was Antonia Richter and her father, Josef Richter, was a musician. She was baptized
02:32into the Catholic Church on April 17, 1892. Early in childhood, Richter displayed a, quote,
02:41tendency to act and carry on in a feminine way. At the age of six, she apparently tried to remove
02:48her penis with a tourniquet. In 1909, after a baker apprenticeship, she left her small town and moved
02:59to a bigger one, where she continued to dress as a girl in her free time. She joined a wandering
03:05theater troupe and moved to Leipzig, where she stayed for two years. In 1916, she got drafted to
03:13the army, but was discharged in just two weeks. From Leipzig, she came back to her hometown, where she was
03:20encouraged by a friend to go to Magnus Hirschfeld's practice in Berlin. While living in Berlin, Richter worked
03:27as a cook and waiter at hotels, using her birth name and presenting herself as a man. She was arrested
03:34several times in Berlin for dressing in women's clothes in public and was sent to male prisons.
03:40In 1922, Richter underwent an orchiectomy, a surgical removal of the testicles, performed by Berlin
03:49surgeon Irvin Gorbant at the Charité Université des Médecins. From May 1923, she worked with other
03:58transgender people as a domestic servant at Magnus Hirschfeld's Institute for Sexual Research,
04:05one of the few places where a trans person could be employed where she was affectionately nicknamed
04:10Dorschen by Hirschfeld. The Institute für Sexualwissenschaft was an early private sexology research institute
04:34in Germany from 1919 to 1933. The Institute was a non-profit foundation situated in Tiergarten, Berlin.
04:45It was the first sexology research center in the world. The Institute was headed by Magnus Hirschfeld,
04:52who, since 1897, had run the world's first homosexual organization, Wissenschaftlich Humanitarist
05:01Committee, Scientific Humanitarian Committee, which campaigned on progressive and rational grounds
05:07for LGBT rights and tolerance at the start of the first homosexual movement that would flourish
05:14in interwar Weimar culture. The committee published the long-running journal
05:20Jarbusch für Sexualwissenschaften. Hirschfeld built a unique library at the Institute
05:27on Gender, Same-Sex Love, and Eroticism. The Institute pioneered research and treatment
05:34for various matters regarding gender and sexuality, including gay, transgender, and intersex topics.
05:43In addition, it offered various other services to the general public. This included treatment
05:49for alcoholism, gynecological examinations, marital and sex counseling, treatment for venereal
05:57diseases, and access to contraceptive treatment. It offered education on many of these matters
06:04to both health professionals and laypersons. The Nazi book burnings in Berlin included the archives
06:12of the Institute. After the Nazis gained control of Germany in the 1930s, the Institute and its libraries
06:21were destroyed as part of a Nazi government censorship program by youth brigades who burned its books
06:28and documents in the street. The Institute of Sex Research was founded by Magnus Hirschfeld and his
06:36collaborators Arthur Kronfeld, a once famous psychotherapist and later professor at the Charité and Friedrich
06:44Bertheim, a dermatologist. Hirschfeld gave a speech on July 1, 1919, when the Institute was inaugurated.
06:54It opened on July 6, 1919. The building, located in the Tiergarten district, was purchased by Hirschfeld
07:03from the government of the Free State of Prussia following World War I. A neighboring building was
07:10purchased in 1921, adding more overall space to the Institute. As well as being a research library and
07:18housing a large archive, the Institute also included medical, psychological, and ethnological divisions
07:26in a marriage and sex counseling office. Other fixtures at the Institute included a museum for
07:32sexual artifacts, medical exam rooms, and a lecture hall. The Institute conducted around 18,000 consultations
07:42for 3,500 people in its first year. Clients often received advice for free. Poorer visitors also received
07:51medical treatment for free. According to Hirschfeld, about 1,250 lectures had been held in the first year.
08:00In addition, the Institute advocated sex education, contraception, the treatment of sexually transmitted
08:08diseases, and women's emancipation. Inscribed on the building was the phrase,
08:13per scientium ad justitium, translated as, through science to justice. This was also the personal model
08:22of Hirschfeld, as well as the slogan of the Scientific Humanitarian Committee. The Institute was financed
08:29by the Magnus Hirschfeld Foundation, a charity which itself was funded by private donations.
08:36Along with Magnus Hirschfeld, a number of others, including many professional specialists, worked on the
08:42staff of the Institute at different points in time, including Felix Abraham, psychiatrist, August Bessinger,
08:50radiologist, Carl Geis, archivist, Berndt Goetz, psychiatrist, Hans Graz, naturopath and medical doctor,
09:00Friedrich Hopstein, administrative director, Kurt Heeler, lawyer, Max Hoddan, sex educator, Hans Wilhelm Karl Friedenthal,
09:10anthropologist, Hans Kreiselmeier, gynecologist, Arthur Kronfeld, psychologist, Yvonne Lausch,
09:17medical assistant, Ludwig Levy-Lenz, gynecologist, Eugen Littar, altolaryngologist, Frantz Prange,
09:26endocrinologist, Ferdinand von Reichenstein, ethnologist, Edelheim Renhock, housekeeper,
09:33Arthur Roser, librarian, Bernard Shapiro, dermatologist and andrologist, Arthur Vail,
09:40neuroendocrinologist and neuropathologist, and Friedrich Wertheim, dermatologist.
09:47Some others worked for the Institute in various domestic affairs. Some of the people who worked at
09:52the Institute simultaneously lived there, including Hirschfeld and Geis. Affiliated groups held offices
09:59at the Institute. This included the scientific humanitarian committee, Helen Stoker's Deutsche
10:06Bund für Mutterschutz und Sexual Reform, and the World League for Sexual Reform, WLSR. The WLSR has
10:15been described as the international face of the Institute. In 1929, Hirschfeld presided over the
10:23Third International Congress of the WLSR at Vigmore Hall. During his address there, he stated that, quote,
10:32a sexual impulse based on science is the only sound system of ethics. Divisions for the Institute
10:40included ones dedicated to sexual biology, pathology, sociology, and ethnography. Plans were allotted for
10:49the Institute to both research and practice medicine in equal measure, though by 1925 a lack of funding
10:56meant the Institute had to cut its medical research. This was to include matters of sexuality, gender,
11:03venereal disease, and birth control. The Institute aimed to educate both the general public and specialists
11:11on the topics of focus. It became a point of scientific and research interest for many scientists of sexuality,
11:18as well as intellectuals and reformers from all over the world. One particular fixture at the Institute,
11:25which aided its popularity, was its Museum of Sexual Subjects. This was built with both education and
11:32entertainment in mind. There were ethnographic displays about different sexual norms across different
11:38cultures internationally. It included exhibits about sexual fetishism and sadomasochism. A collection of
11:45phallic artifacts from around the world was also exhibited. Additionally, there were presentations
11:52regarding the diversity of human sexual orientation, particularly with regards to homosexuality.
11:59Upon visiting the Institute, Dora Russell reflected that it was, quote, where the results of research into
12:06various sex problems and perversions could be seen in records and photographs.
12:10The neighboring property, purchased in 1922 by the Institute, had an opening ceremony on March 5, 1922,
12:20after which it became a place for the Institute's staff to interact with the public in an educational
12:25capacity. Lectures and question and answer sessions were held there to inform laypersons on topics of
12:33sexuality. The public especially tended to ask questions regarding contraception. One focus of the Institute's
12:42research and services was sexual and reproductive health. A subdivision of the Institute, called the
12:48Eugenics Department for Mother and Child, offered marital counseling services. And the Center of Sexual
12:54Counseling for Married Couples provided access to contraception. It was especially a goal of the Institute to make
13:02contraceptive services acceptable to the poor and working class of Germany. This was despite a
13:09prohibition on advertising birth control in the Weimar Republic's constitution. Following looser regulation
13:17on advertising contraceptive methods, the Institute published an educational pamphlet on the matter in 1928,
13:25which ultimately reached a distribution of about 100,000 copies by 1932. Hirschfeld and Haddan developed pioneering strategies
13:35for sex counseling services that would inspire later practices. The Institute also offered general gynecology services
13:44and treatment for venereal diseases. Experimental treatments for impotence were also implemented.
13:51At the Institute, Magnus Hirschfeld championed the doctrine of sexual intermediacy. This proposed form
13:59of classification said that every human trait existed on a scale from masculine to feminine.
14:06Masculine traits were characterized as dominant and active, while feminine traits were passive and
14:12perceptive, an idea similar to those also commonly held by his contemporaries.
14:17The classification was further divided into the subgroups of sex organs, physical characteristics,
14:44sex drive, or sexuality, and psychological characteristics.
14:49Hirschfeld's belief was that all human beings possessed both masculine and feminine traits,
14:55regardless of their sex. In fact, he believed that no one was fully masculine or fully feminine,
15:02but rather a blend of the two. A man with a female sex drive, for example, would be homosexual,
15:09whereas someone with male sex organs, and mostly female psychological characteristics,
15:15would likely be transgender. Someone with exceptionally androgynous sex organs would be
15:20intersex. Hirschfeld originally used the term sexual intermediaries in the late 19th century to refer
15:29mostly to homosexual men and lesbians. However, this later expanded to include intersex people,
15:36cross-dressers, and transsexuals. His concept of broad sexual intermediaries among humans has been traced
15:45to roughly similar ideas held by Charles Darwin and Galen of Pergamon. Magnus Hirschfeld coined the term
15:53transsexual in the 1923 essay, De Intersexual Constitution. That's a pretty hard title.
16:00This identified the clinical category, which his colleague, Harry Benjamin, would later develop
16:07in the United States. Only about 30 years after its coining by Hirschfeld did the term enter wider use
16:14with Benjamin's work. Hirschfeld also originally coined the term transvestite in 1910, and he sometimes
16:24used the term extreme transvestites or total transvestites to refer to transsexuals. Where are my
16:31extreme transvestites at? Get the bars, works and parties, and get me transvestites. I need transvestites.
16:38Transgender people were on the staff of the institute as receptionists and maids, as well as being among the
16:45clients there. Various endocrinologic and surgical services were offered, including an early modern sex
16:53reassignment surgery in 1931. In fact, quote, a majority of transvestites expressed, quote, the wish to be
17:02castrated. According to one PhD student that studied there. Hirschfeld, originally advised against sexual
17:11reassignment surgeries, but came to support them as a means of preventing suicide among transsexual patients.
17:19But really the main reason and why I started doing it was suicidality. Now, 41 percent of transgender people
17:25will attempt suicide by age 30. Just let that, like, that's an enormous number. Like, 41
17:31percent of them will try and kill themselves. They commit suicide at a rate higher than every
17:36other medical condition there is combined. Cancer, HIV, all of those diagnoses that are horrible,
17:41chronic pain, they don't still don't kill themselves anywhere near as much as gender dysphoria.
17:46This is pretty much the most conclusive thing that I can use to point to bigotry and be like,
17:51you're wrong. When people are like, these people are mentally ill. I'm like, nope, here you go.
17:55No, they're not. They're not. Their brains are literally wired structurally to look like their
18:02preferred gender before the taking of any hormones whatsoever. So if I take a 18 year old female who
18:10says I identify as male, transgender man, and I scan his head in an MRI machine, the MRI machine will spit
18:16back to me, this is a male brain. We can actually do that. And we've been able to do this over and over
18:21again, starting in 2009 up to 2015 is the most recent time the studies were done. It's been repeated
18:26four times, same findings every single time. We structurally can see gender identity on neuroanatomy
18:31and neural architecture now. So as I have said, this is definitely not a thing. And people are always
18:37like, these people are mentally ill. We should be treating them, you know, with therapy and helping
18:40them out. We can't do that. We've tried, extensively attempted to use counseling and SSRIs and everything
18:48else to make these people feel better and congruent with their gender. But it would be no different
18:52than basically telling someone who has red hair that we don't accept your red hair and you have to dye it,
18:56which is basically what they do in society until they come out. There's nothing they can do about
19:01it. They're stuck this way. Their neural architecture is wired this way. So the best that we can do for
19:06them in medicine is to at least make their external appearance congruent with how they feel about
19:09themselves. Secondary to that, taking the hormones actually gives them the sense of wellness that does not
19:16seem to come with the hormones their other previously assigned. So what's really strange
19:19is not only just does giving them estrogen give them more testosterone in the body that they want,
19:24when they're on that hormone, depression and other psychiatric things go away. The patient feels more
19:29well, which is really neat because whenever I meet a new trans patient and they come in with severe
19:33depression and they want to transition, I never start an SSRI before I start hormones because the
19:38overwhelming majority of them don't eat it. Once they start hormones, the depression issue goes away.
19:42In early 1931, Richter had a panectomy performed by institute physician Ludwig Levy-Lenz and in June
19:52that year, an artificial vagina was surgically grafted by Gorbant, making her the first transgender
20:00woman of whom records remain to undergo vaginoplasty. In 1931, Felix Abraham, a psychiatrist working at the
20:10Institute published a paper about Richter's and Tony Abel's gender-confirming surgeries as a case study in
20:18Seyschrift für Sexualwissenschaft und Sexualpolitik. Quote, her castration had the effect, albeit not very
20:25extensive, of making her body become fuller, restricting her beard growth, making visible the first signs of
20:33breast development and giving the pelvic fat pad a more feminine shape. In late 1931, Richter was working
20:42as a chef at Restaurant Kempinski, Modern Hotel Bristol at Kurfürstendam 27. In 1933, footage of Richter and two
20:52other of Hirschfeld's trans patients, Tony Abel and Charlotte Sherlock, all anonymously and uncredited, were
20:59used as a documentary segment in the Austrian film Mysterium Geschlektis, Mystery of Sex, directed by
21:07Lothar Golt and Karl Kurtzmeier, about contemporary sexology.
21:22Hello there! We're going to call you, Lily.
21:31Ludwig Levy-Lenz, the Institute's primary surgeon for transsexual patients, also implemented an early
21:41form of facial feminization surgery and facial masculinization surgery. Additionally, hair removal
21:50treatments using the Institute's x-ray facility were developed, though this caused some side effects,
21:56such as skin burns. Professor of history Robert M. Beachy stated that, quote, although experimental
22:04and ultimately dangerous, these sex reassignment procedures were developed largely in response to
22:09the ardent requests of patients. Levy-Lenz commented, quote, never have I operated upon more grateful patients.
22:17Herchfeld worked with Berlin's police department to curtail the arrest of cross-dressers and transgender
22:29people through the creation of transvestite passes. These were issued on behalf of the Institute to
22:36those who had a personal desire to wear clothing associated with a gender other than the one assigned
22:41to them at birth. A compilation of works about homosexuality could be found at the Institute.
22:50The Institute's collections included the first comprehensive such compilation of works about sexuality.
23:00Different from the Others, a film co-written by Herchfeld that advocated greater tolerance for
23:07homosexuals, was screened at the Institute in 1920 to audiences of statesmen. It also received a screening
23:15at the Institute before a Soviet delegation in 1923 who responded with, quote, amazement that the film had
23:23been considered scandalous enough to censor.
23:39This is the basic 눈 rallied at the Institute of the Institute for Centauros.
23:46To be continued in on the other hand, the Institute was received a screening of the Institute for
23:52America. The Institute was a dietician copywriter, the Institute for Centauros, and the Institute of
23:55Worldwide Department of Research at the Institute for Hire. The Institute for Centauros will be
23:57part of the Institute for Centauros and the Institute for Co- dampenagem. The Institute for Centauros
24:00used in Beijing's здесь for Centauros were attached to the Institute for Centauros. The Institute of
24:03道 determining the Institute for Centauros were challenged by the Institute of transactalists, the Institute of
28:45a bit differently. I was born with typically female sex characteristics even though I was meant to be
28:53male. It was something that I did feel deeply deeply shameful about. In my eyes I was a bit
29:01of a failure of a female. I'm Mimi, I'm 26 and when I was 21 I learned that I was intersex.
29:10When I was born doctors had told my parents that I was a perfectly healthy baby girl.
29:17My childhood was fairly typical except I had these yearly medical checkups but didn't know why.
29:27When I was 12 I was sat down in the doctor's office with my parents and the the doctors let me know that
29:35I had this variation called 17 beta hydroxy steroid dehydrogenase deficiency. I couldn't even read
29:43it let alone comprehend it. It meant that I had XY chromosomes but I'm deficient in an enzyme
29:51which converts the testosterone to develop typically male. They told me I wouldn't be getting my period,
29:59I couldn't have kids and that I had internal testes when I was very little that had to be removed and
30:11that's why I had to now start taking hormone replacement therapy or as I was told this drug
30:17for the rest of my life. I remember my whole vision going white and feeling like I just wanted to burst into tears.
30:30Throughout the conversation though I remember being reassured that I was definitely female
30:36and that I was a girl. I just wasn't able to do the things that typical girls can do. I was also told
30:44that I couldn't tell any of my siblings or any of my friends about this. In their eyes it was to try
30:51protect me from potential bullying but for me I really took this sign of secrecy and internalized it as
30:59shame and it was something that I did feel deeply deeply shameful about. I was trying to meet all of
31:08the milestones of normal teenage girls going out with boys and kissing them and doing all of these
31:15like normal girly things. I would make up stories about how I got my period and it was almost like I
31:24was worried that people would ask questions and if they'd ask questions they'd find out that
31:29I was broken. In my eyes I was I guess a bit of a failure of a female.
31:40When I was 21 I stumbled on this video by Emily Quinn who is this intersex activist and it just clicked
31:49something. I was like I think I might be intersex. I called my parents up and I said hey um
31:59am I intersex and they go yeah we told you you have 17 beta hydroxysteroide hydrogenase deficiency.
32:06For me that wasn't the same thing and for me learning that I was intersex was just absolutely
32:13mind-blowing. It made me feel that no I wasn't a failure of a female because I'm not a female in the
32:20first place. It made me so so happy that there were other people like me and not only just a few
32:29there were actually so many other people like me. About 1.7 percent of our population is intersex.
32:37It's actually approximately the same statistic as the amount of redheads. You most likely will be walking
32:45down the street and be walking past intersex people. It also helped me shatter this narrative of
32:53heteronormativity. You need to be a girl. You need to identify as a woman. You need to be attracted to
32:59males. It gave me the opportunity to question my sexuality and eventually come out as gay.
33:07The surgeries that I had as a young girl definitely still leave a big impact on my life. Now we know
33:19that this surgery was not necessary. I now have to take this medication which potentially I didn't have
33:25to and being essentially sterilised from such a young age is really damaging. Luckily I've got an amazing
33:34support network and I know that everything that happened to me was with the best intentions possible
33:41and I really hold no anger to my parents. They do wish that they'd been given the support to delay
33:50the surgeries. As much regret that they may feel I think it's something we just need to hold together.
33:57A lot of people confuse it with gender diversity or being trans and I think that really boils down
34:04to this conflation of sex and gender thinking that male is a man and female is a woman whereas it's only
34:13when you you disconnect these two concepts that you can understand you can be male and a woman and
34:19that would be a trans woman or in my case be born intersex but identify as a woman. Experiencing
34:27difficulty has led me to be such a strong advocate for change. There's this saying you can't be what
34:35you can't see and I think that's so true. Hopefully I can be that person who is intersex and is open
34:43and doesn't hold shame around that so that other intersex people can see me and know that they're able
34:49to be proud of who they are.
34:57Trans people have been represented have suggested that we're mentally ill that we don't exist and yet here we are
35:27and we've always been here.
35:32The Nazis burned books on trans healthcare and research. Why are you so desperate to uphold their ideology around gender?
35:38I just, how? How did you type this out and press send without thinking I should maybe check my source for this
35:46because it might have been a fever dream.
35:50A Tennessee lawmaker says he would burn books banned from school libraries.
35:56Representative Jerry Sexton made the statement when asked about a bill increasing the legislative oversight of books in school libraries.
36:04The measure requires the speakers of the House and Senate to appoint a librarian to the state's textbook commission.
36:10It would then make guidance for materials in school libraries. Here's part of the lawmakers' conversation.
36:16Let's say you take these books out of the library. What are you going to do with them?
36:22Are you going to put them in the street? Light them on fire? Where are they going?
36:26I don't have a clue, but I would burn them.
36:31I don't have a clue, but I would burn them.
36:35I don't eat fish because they don't have any feeling.
36:44Something in the way.
36:53Something in the way.
36:56German men and women
37:19The age of a jüdic intellectualism is now at the end.
37:29And the breakthrough of the German Revolution
37:33made the gas again free from the German way.
37:37And the coming German...
37:40I pledge undivided allegiance to the flag of the United States of America
37:51and the republic for which it stands,
37:55one nation indivisible with liberty and justice for all.
38:02There's my plan to stop the chemical and emotional mutilation of our youth.
38:11On day one, I will revoke Joe Biden's cruel policies
38:16on so-called gender-affirming care. Ridiculous.
38:20I will sign a new executive order instructing every federal agency
38:24to cease all programs that promote the concept of sex and gender transition at any age.
38:32The Department of Justice will investigate Big Pharma
38:36and the big hospital networks to determine whether they have deliberately
38:40covered up horrific long-term side effects of sex transitions
38:45in order to get rich at the expense of vulnerable patients.
38:50We will promote positive education about the nuclear family,
38:54the roles of mothers and fathers,
38:56and celebrating rather than erasing the things that make men and women different and unique.
39:01I will ask Congress to pass a bill establishing that the only genders
39:06recognized by the United States government are male and female,
39:10and they are assigned at birth.
39:12No serious country should be telling its children that they were born with the wrong gender,
39:18a concept that was never heard of in all of human history.
39:22Nobody's ever heard of this, what's happening today.
39:25It was all when the radical left invented it just a few years ago.
39:30He's lying.
39:31He's lying.
39:32It's not like a great name!
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