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00:00Well then,
00:29So, let's move on to this last part of this first moment in which we are trying to explain what justice is within this section: justice, justification, and grace.
00:41We have been seeing how justice, that is, justice as Paul understands it, right?, is not Aristotelian justice.
00:49Justice, in the New Testament sense, cannot do without the fulfillment of the covenant and the law.
00:56It is not enough to be good or just in an Aristotelian sense, but to add much more, as is evident in Matthew 19, verses 16 to 17, where we read the following.
01:11The man asks her what she has to do.
01:37We notice the Pharisaical thinking of the time, doing works, which would speak of being good, and thus, regardless of the life one leads, obtaining salvation.
01:52Jesus answers, the good things you have to do are to obey the commandments.
02:01I would say, oh, Carlitos, obey the commandments.
02:06With this, he refers the topic back to the alliance and the central commandments, which have nothing to do with doing, but with being.
02:19That is, to love God with all our strength and our neighbor as ourselves.
02:24This demonstrates that we cannot do it by ourselves, which is the central argument of Paul in the first seven chapters of the Letter to the Romans.
02:36God, I cannot fulfill the law and the covenant.
02:41Because?
02:42Because the law and the covenant lead me to the supreme standard, which is to love God with all my mind, with all my strength, and with all my heart.
02:51And I can't do it.
02:53I cannot love my neighbor as myself.
02:58And that's why, if we continue reading that text we just mentioned, it will introduce us to the topic of who my neighbor is.
03:05I mean, it's something, I'm going to try to avoid it.
03:08Because?
03:10Because this is practically impossible.
03:12That is why it is the center of Pablo's entire thesis.
03:16Man is sold to sin.
03:18And with that, as Saint Paul perfectly declares in his Letter to the Romans, see Romans 7:24, he is ruined.
03:28He is ruined because sin dominates him.
03:31Only God can deliver him through the sanctifying grace received through Christ.
03:38Therefore, this text from Romans, in chapter 7, where it will practically conclude its entire exposition and culminate with a flourish in chapter 8,
03:50Chapter 7 ends, where he has spoken of this force that pushes our lives and prevents us from being good, being just, being good in the sense that God expects.
04:03because within us there is this force that is always pushing us.
04:08And that is why verse 24 says, for I am ruined.
04:12Who will deliver me from this body of sin?
04:14Who will free me from this force that compels me to do what I don't want to do?
04:19And that's why verse 25 is masterful.
04:24Only God.
04:25Who can make me fair?
04:29Who can give me the possibility to act justly according to God's plan?
04:37Only God.
04:38If God does not act in my heart, I am completely ruined.
04:45Woe is me, says Paul in that tremendous verse 24.
04:49Who will deliver me from this body of death?
04:52And that's what we're asking ourselves.
04:54Who will deliver me from this body of God?
04:55Only God.
04:57Therefore, without the grace of baptism, without that participation of God in us,
05:04There is no possibility of salvation, because we will always do bad things.
05:10Our lives will always be pushing us towards evil.
05:14In this way we verify that the commandment of the law that God gave to Israel was holy.
05:19Because?
05:19Because God is holy.
05:20The commandment is righteous because it is perfect; it is perfect in justice.
05:27In other words, that's what we should do.
05:29And it is good because it is beneficial to everyone, to all those who observe it.
05:36Now, can we do this naturally?
05:38If we wanted to be fair, it was enough that these elements of the law were fulfilled.
05:46But the man is unable to do so.
05:50Okay, so with this we have, well, I hope the topic of justice is becoming a little clearer.
05:59Who is righteous?
06:01And why are we fair?
06:02What justifies us?
06:05Let us now consider the justice of God.
06:08And well, that's another term that's important to know and understand.
06:12What is God's justice?
06:14Let us begin by saying that God Himself is called the dwelling place or the place where justice dwells,
06:24as we might read in Jeremiah 57.
06:27Therefore, He is just.
06:30In this sense, He is holy, He is perfect, He is good.
06:33And the justice of His creatures will depend on their relationship with Him.
06:40A person will be more just, will be holier, to the extent that they have more or less relationship with the source of justice and holiness.
06:53Of God, for example, it is written,
06:55Justice and judgment are the established place of your throne.
06:59To understand this, we have to go to the fact that He is the existence of everything.
07:07We are holy because He is holy.
07:09He is the one who sanctifies us.
07:12We are good because He is the essence of love.
07:16And by being in us, it sanctifies us and fills us with love.
07:21And this makes us good.
07:24Man without God cannot be good.
07:28Similarly, this applies to justice, even in the Aristotelian sense.
07:33It is God who justifies us.
07:36He is the one who makes us righteous.
07:39We are not the ones who can make us just, nor can anyone else, but only the source of justice itself.
07:47This is something that happens in our minds and we begin to think about justice, precisely by giving, seeking, giving to God what belongs to Him.
08:01Love, power, glory, praise, our works, our life, etc.
08:07But if God does not exercise that justice in us, we cannot advance on the issue of justice.
08:16For God upholds justice while exercising mercy.
08:21This is something only He can do.
08:23This is the great mystery of God.
08:26This is, in a way, part of the unfathomable mystery of God.
08:31How, then, can God do justice while exercising mercy?
08:37Either I am fair, in an Aristotelian way I give each person what they deserve,
08:42Or I give to each according to their works and at the same time exercise mercy and forget about justice.
08:50As?
08:52To illustrate this great mystery, and how his Father operates, and how God does justice while exercising mercy,
09:00He proposed the case of the man who hired day laborers, and gave each one what was fair.
09:08And he gave everyone a denarius.
09:12"From an Aristotelian perspective, it's not fair," those from the beginning thought.
09:16But Jesus speaks to them of a justice that considers the salvation of man,
09:22in which every man may be happy, which was the denarius that each one needed to live.
09:27He gave each one what he needed to live, not because of the time he had worked, but because of what he needed.
09:38In other words, while administering justice, he gives each person what they need.
09:43He exercises mercy, seemingly giving more to the one who worked less.
09:49But for him, that's not the standard of justice.
09:54This, as I said a moment ago, is a mystery to us.
09:59How does God exercise both emet and geset at the same time?
10:04While he is just, he is also merciful.
10:09And there are many examples of this in Sacred Scripture.
10:14Jesus continually presents this situation when referring to the Father.
10:21In other words, while the prodigal son leaves and spends all the money,
10:26because in justice he was not entitled to anything.
10:28Therefore, the older son who stayed at home says to him,
10:32What's wrong with you, Dad? He's already left and spent all your money, get him out of here.
10:36I mean, that's fair.
10:37But the Father is just in sending him back home because He is exercising mercy.
10:44And we could mention many more cases.
10:47Whenever the Father appears, particularly in Luke,
10:51The geset and the emet of God are always united.
10:55Thus we see that God shows no partiality in dealing with his creatures,
11:00but accepts all those who fear him and practice justice
11:04and bestows his blessing upon them all.
11:08Individuals or entire nations receive punishment or reward according to their actions.
11:14But in all of them there is always the principle of mercy
11:18which is inherently God's.
11:22His emet and his geset always go hand in hand.
11:26However, on the other hand, there is the justice, fairness, holiness, and purity of God
11:35are such that they cannot minimize any sin,
11:40as is evident, for example, in Isaiah 6, verses 3 to 5,
11:45in Abacuc, verses 1 to 13, in 1 Peter, 1 to 15.
11:50Therefore, I could not forgive the sins of humanity without satisfying justice.
11:58that is, without a legal basis.
12:02That is why His infinite mercy provided the payment,
12:08That is to say, the justification of man through undeserved grace.
12:13And so He made this just provision by offering His Son as a sacrifice
12:20in order to bring about, that is why it is the propitiatory place,
12:23or to cover up sins, to settle the debt that man owed him.
12:28In this way God can show mercy to sinners,
12:35handing over Jesus the righteous,
12:36an act of mercy that accepts this provision without overlooking justice.
12:45In other words, I have to administer justice.
12:49In other words, you owe me,
12:52But they have nothing with which to pay me,
12:54Then I'm going to give them the money so they can pay me.
12:58And I'm going to sacrifice my own money so that you can pay off a debt you owe me,
13:03And it turns out I receive my own money.
13:04That's illogical, because it's not for God.
13:09For God, that is justice.
13:12He did administer justice, yes.
13:14He forced us to pay him what we owed him, yes.
13:17And how did he pay for it?
13:18With the blood of his own son.
13:21In other words, the righteous one justified our actions.
13:27It was the propitiatory,
13:29And with His same grace He paid our debt.
13:36That's why we need Jesus.
13:40In other words, if Jesus doesn't justify you,
13:43if the blood of Christ had not made us righteous,
13:48We would have no way to repay God.
13:52That's why Pablo says he cancelled the charge note
13:56that existed against us with the blood of Jesus Christ.
14:02He dispensed justice.
14:05God was paid with the blood of Christ,
14:09while out of mercy he gave us his own son.
14:15Paul expresses this in Romans 3:21-26 when he says the following,
14:26But now, without the mediation of the law,
14:30God's justice has been revealed.
14:33This righteousness from God comes through faith in Jesus Christ,
14:37For all have sinned and fall short of the glory of God.
14:41But by his grace, they are justified freely.
14:46through the redemption that Christ Jesus accomplished.
14:50God offered him as an atoning sacrifice
14:54which is received by faith,
14:57to demonstrate its justice.
14:59God has offered Jesus Christ to manifest his justice.
15:04In this way, God is just,
15:07and at the same time the one who justifies those who have faith,
15:10in Jesus.
15:13Therefore, the justice of God
15:15It is balanced with mercy,
15:18and gives men and nations an opportunity
15:21to turn from their sins
15:23and escape execution
15:25of their adverse judgments.
15:28God, if he were to judge us directly,
15:31we would be ruined.
15:34That is to say,
15:34Salvation is found only in Christ.
15:38For He is the righteousness of God.
15:41When man deserved death for his sins,
15:44God rescues him,
15:46offering Christ as a sacrifice,
15:48through Him,
15:49and only through Him.
15:51And He,
15:52and in Him,
15:53we can find God's mercy,
15:56because apart from Him,
15:58who rejects it,
15:59He will ultimately have to face
16:01God's judgment,
16:03from which he will not be able to escape
16:05and it will end up being
16:07found guilty
16:08and worthy of punishment
16:10that his sins
16:11they have,
16:12well,
16:13deserved,
16:14that were not covered,
16:15which were not covered
16:17through the blood of Christ.
16:19And so,
16:20will deserve
16:21the condemnation.
16:23Well,
16:24we leave it here
16:24our study.
16:28We will continue
16:28in our next class
16:30with the topic
16:31of the justification
16:32to keep moving forward
16:34in this chapter
16:35of justice,
16:36justification
16:36and grace
16:37in order to understand
16:39completely
16:39these concepts.
16:41As you can see,
16:42the axiological theme
16:43There's a little bit left here
16:44out of context
16:45And we need to move forward more
16:47in the biblical tradition
16:49and above all
16:50in what Paul
16:51because he sought to propose
16:52as elements
16:54in order to obtain
16:55eternal salvation.
16:57So, well,
16:58Well, that's all for now.
16:58our class.
16:59See you
17:00at our next meeting.
17:01Blessings to you
17:02and your family.
17:03I'll be waiting for you.
17:04here in the virtual classroom
17:05of Active Evangelization
17:07to continue
17:07our module 3
17:09Letter from Galatians
17:10and Romans.
17:11Until next time.
17:24Thank you!
17:26Thank you!
17:27Thank you!
17:28Thank you!
17:29Thank you!
17:30Thank you!
17:31Thank you!