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GE was on the verge of bankruptcy when CEO Larry Culp began orchestrating what would become one of the most striking corporate turnarounds in recent history.

On his first day in 2018, GE’s market cap had fallen to just $96 billion. Today, the valuations of its three enterprises total $689 billion.

Fortune Senior Editor-at-Large Shawn Tully sat down with Culp to unpack his playbook, which runs from the factory floor, not the boardroom.

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Transcript
00:00GE was on its deathbed and then a new CEO took over and engineered what may well be the biggest
00:06comeback in business history. GE was a legendary company that was founded by Thomas Edison in the
00:1219th century, yet this company went on very hard times around 2018. It had a debt load of $150
00:20billion and its other businesses weren't making enough money to pay down any of that debt.
00:25Larry Culp was called up by the board in this emergency situation to save GE essentially from
00:31bankruptcy. Part of the skills that turned GE around were the lean manufacturing techniques
00:37that Larry Culp first learned early in his career where he spent a week building air conditioners
00:43in a Japanese plant and as he told me, unless you've been yelled at in Japanese while building
00:48air conditioners in Tokyo, you haven't lived. His next move was dismantling the most famous
00:54conglomerate of all time by splitting it into three companies. Larry Culp wanted to change the
01:00GE culture, which he characterized as a shoot the messenger culture where you got in trouble if
01:05you brought up problems. He wanted to encourage the workers and the executives to bring up problems
01:10to find solutions mainly from the factory floor up. When Larry Culp took over as CEO of GE,
01:17its market cap had shrunk 80% from the peak to about $90 billion. That market cap today is approaching
01:25$700 billion, which would make the three companies combined the second largest industrial enterprise
01:31in America. For more on Culp's career, you can check out my full article on fortune.com.

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