- 21 hours ago
Ikuti ulasan Dr. Rowena Abdul Razak, Pensyarah Pengajian Sejarah, Pusat Pengajian Oriental dan Afrika (SOAS) University of London mengenai permulaan keamanan atau gencatan senjata sementara.
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00:00Intro
00:14Assalamualaikum, salam sejahtera
00:15Bulatan Awani Khas bersama saya Syafiq Syukri
00:17dan untuk waktu ini kita akan memberi fokus
00:20perkonflik di Asia Barat seperti
00:21yang kami laporkan di Estrawani pada sebelah
00:24pagi tadi, Donald Trump mendakwa
00:25perjanjian awal untuk tamat perang
00:28sudah pun dimeterai bersama dengan pihak
00:30Iran dan laporannya di sini di mana Presiden
00:32Amerika Syarikat Donald Trump mendakwa satu
00:33perjanjian awal untuk menamatkan perang
00:35di teluk telah dimeterai antara
00:37Amerika Syarikat dan Iran namun
00:39butiran penuh perjanjian itu masih belum
00:41didedahkan kepada umum. Trump membuat
00:43kenyataan itu sejurus tiba di Perancis
00:45untuk menghadiri sidang kemuncak
00:47kumpulan 7G7 sambil
00:49memaklumkan bahawa naib Presiden
00:51Amerika Syarikat jadi Vance
00:53akan menghadiri majlis menandatangani
00:55perjanjian secara rasmi
00:57di Geneva pada Jumaat
01:01Menurut beliau, perjanjian berkenaan akan
01:03membuka semula selat hormos yang sebelum ini
01:05disekat serta melanjutkan genjatan
01:07senjata selama 60 hari
01:09bagi membolehkan rundingan diteruskan
01:11berhubung isu-isu utama termasuk
01:13masa depan program nukle Iran
01:15Perjanjian tersebut dilihat sebagai
01:17perkembangan paling penting setakat ini
01:18dalam usaha menamatkan konflik yang dilaporkan
01:21ragut sekurang-kurangnya 7,000 nyawa
01:23kebanyakannya di Iran dan Lubnan
01:25selain menggugat kestabilan pasaran tenaga dunia
01:28bagaimanapun banyak aspek perjanjian itu masih belum jelas
01:31pegawai Amerika Syarikat dan Iran berkata
01:33perjanjian berkenaan berpotensi membawa
01:35manfaat ekonomi besar kepada Iran
01:37melalui pelonggaran sekatan
01:39pembebasan aset yang dibekukan di luar negara
01:41serta penubuhan dana pemidaan semula
01:43bernilai 300 bilion dolar
01:45yang akan dibiayai sekutu negara-negara teluk
01:48namun pegawai Amerika yang enggan dikenali berkata
01:51Iran perlu memenuhi tuntutan Washington
01:53untuk tidak membangunkan senjata nuklear
01:56dan menghentikan sokongan terhadap kumpulan bersenjata
01:59proksi seperti Hezbollah
02:00sebelum menikmati manfaat tersebut
02:02mengenai selat hormos
02:04Iran memberi bayangan bahawa ia akan terus berkongsi
02:06kawalan laluan strategik bersama Oman
02:08Sebaliknya, Amerika Syarikat menegaskan
02:11selat berkenaan akan dibuka
02:13tanpa sebarang bayaran selama 60 hari
02:15dan berharap syarat itu dimasukkan
02:18dalam perjanjian muktamad kelak
02:19dalam perkembangan berkaitan konflik
02:21antara Israel dan Hezbollah
02:23yang disokong Iran di Lubnan
02:24turut menjadi antara isu yang belum diselesaikan
02:30Seterusnya, Donald Trump menerusi satu hantaran
02:33di platform Truth Social
02:35mendakwa Iran telah bersetuju
02:36untuk tidak memiliki senjata nuklear
02:38Telah menghantaran sama
02:40Presiden Amerika Syarikat itu juga menyifatkan
02:43laporan Amerika Syarikat membayar
02:44300 juta dolar kepada Iran sebagai palsu
02:48Menurut Trump, perjanjian yang sedang dibincangkan
02:50sebenarnya melibatkan dana pembinaan semula
02:53sebanyak 300 bilion dolar
02:54dan bukan 300 juta dolar
02:56Dana ini jelasnya akan dibiayai oleh
02:58negara-negara teluk jiran
03:00yang menempatkan pangkalan tentera Amerika
03:02Bagaimanapun, beliau mengakui
03:04butiran perjanjian itu belum dimuktamadkan
03:06Trump sebelum ini mengesahkan perjanjian
03:08untuk menamatkan perang sudah ditandatangani
03:10Perjanjian tersebut akan melanjutkan
03:12genjatan senjata yang diumumkan pada April
03:14selama 60 hari lagi
03:15serta membuka semula selat hormus
03:18yang telah disekat oleh Iran
03:19sejak Amerika Syarikat dan Israel
03:20melancarkan serangan ke atas Iran
03:22pada Februari lalu
03:28Baik, untuk waktu dan jam ini
03:30wajar juga untuk kita melihat situasi ini
03:32berdasarkan laporan semasa yang telah kami bawakan
03:34dan saya akan bersama dengan
03:36Dr. Rowena Abdul Razak
03:38Pensyarah Pengajian Sejarah
03:39Pusat Pengajian Oriental
03:41dan Afrika SOAS University of London
03:43dan untuk sama-sama kita memahami
03:45adakah ini merupakan satu permulaan keamanan
03:48ataupun genjatan senjata
03:50secara sementara
03:52dan kita membuat pembacaan
03:54di banyak artikel dan juga laporan
03:55yang dikeluarkan oleh media antarabangsa
03:57juga mengenai banyak kekeliruan
03:58berdasarkan daripada
03:59kenyataan yang dikeluarkan oleh Presiden Trump ini
04:02tapi soalan saya yang pertama kepada Dr. Rowena
04:04terima kasih kerana sudi bersama dengan kami
04:06untuk waktu jam ini Doktor
04:08bagaimana Doktor melihat perjanjian ini
04:10adakah ia sebenarnya
04:12satu mekanisme untuk
04:15memperoleh keamanan yang berkekalan di Asia Barat
04:18atau sekadar genjatan senjata
04:20sebelum konflik yang lebih besar akan berlaku
04:25Terima kasih banyak-banyak ya
04:27pertama kali ini
04:29ini adalah satu memorandum of understanding
04:32di antara Iran dan US
04:34ini bukan peace deal yang kita ingat dulu
04:39ini adalah satu memorandum of understanding
04:43maksudnya
04:45the details of the peace treaty
04:48is not yet in
04:50we don't know yet
04:51what is going to be in the peace treaty
04:53it is just the first step
04:55in something long-lasting
04:56so we cannot say that
04:58the Iran-US memorandum of understanding
05:02is a deal in itself
05:04it's not
05:04because there's a lot of details
05:06that we don't know yet
05:07a lot of details that the US and Iran
05:11have not reached to an understanding yet as well
05:14so that means that
05:16what we do know
05:17is that there's going to be a ceasefire
05:19between US, Iran and Israel
05:22in Lebanon
05:22we know that Iran has allowed
05:28IEAE
05:28so nuclear agents to come in
05:31to check and to assess
05:34Iran's nuclear capabilities
05:35we also know that
05:37there will be a ceasefire in Lebanon
05:38and we also know that
05:39the Straits of Hormuz will be open again
05:41but at the same time
05:42we don't know the details
05:44Iran and the US
05:45are giving conflicting opinions
05:48about what is going to be in the deal
05:49but yeah
05:51so it's maybe the start
05:53of what we hope
05:54to be a long-lasting peace deal
05:55but history has shown us
05:57that
05:58that doesn't mean much
06:00because we know
06:01even in the last time
06:02Iran and the US
06:04were negotiating a deal
06:05US attacked Iran
06:06so a lot can happen
06:08until something more permanent happens
06:11Doktor, ada satu yang menarik juga
06:13kalau kita lihat ya
06:15boleh saya quote sikit
06:16berdasarkan laporan media antarabangsa
06:18yang menyebut di sini
06:19Trump said
06:20in a social media post
06:21that a deal with Iran
06:22was scheduled to be signed on Sunday
06:25and the Straits of Hormuz
06:26would be immediately open to all
06:28Iranian Minister of Foreign Affairs
06:31spoke person however said
06:33the MOU will not be signed on Sunday
06:35but added that
06:35he does not rule out
06:36that it could happen
06:37in the coming days
06:38according to the state media
06:39jadi Doktor Rowena
06:41kalau kita melihat ya
06:42jelas isu
06:43banyak isu
06:43yang mungkin tidak didedahkan
06:45kepada public
06:46untuk waktu dan ketika ini Doktor
06:47jadi mengapa kedua-dua pihak
06:49dilihat masih
06:50ada percanggahan
06:52dalam tarikh-tarikh yang diumumkan
06:54Trump sebut hari
06:55Ahad
06:56namun berbeza
06:56daripada pihak Iran sendiri
06:57yang menafikan tarikh tersebut
06:59adakah ini petanda
07:00yang masih jelas
07:01wujudnya
07:03ketidakpercayaan
07:04yang mendalam
07:04di antara Washington
07:05dan juga Teheran itu sendiri Doktor
07:10I must understand
07:11that when it comes
07:12to negotiating
07:13there are many layers
07:14so there are the people
07:15doing the negotiating itself
07:17you have Kalibaf
07:18on the Iranian side
07:19for example
07:19and the US team
07:20so that is happening
07:21in Pakistan
07:22and then you have
07:24other layers
07:24on top of that
07:25being the
07:27the executive layer
07:29so you have Trump
07:30and as well as
07:31the Iranian
07:33supreme leader
07:34and so on
07:35sometimes these layers
07:36do not talk
07:37to each other
07:38so we have different
07:40information coming out
07:41because of that
07:42the deep trust
07:43deep mistrust
07:45between US and Iran
07:46has existed for a long time
07:47but the fact that
07:48they are negotiating
07:49I'm being optimistic here
07:51must mean that
07:52they are
07:53you know
07:53willing to
07:54to move forward
07:55but the fact that
07:56we are seeing
07:57a lot of different
07:58misinformation
07:58is probably because
08:00of the nature
08:01of the negotiating
08:02with many layers
08:03many different people
08:05and there's a lot
08:06of secrecy
08:06as well
08:07because what is
08:08happening in Pakistan
08:09is not necessarily
08:11what we hear
08:11outside
08:12everywhere else
08:13and as we know
08:14even though this
08:15memorandum of understanding
08:16has been signed
08:17a lot of the detail
08:18still needs to
08:19still needs to be
08:20ratified
08:21still needs to be
08:23looked at
08:23in more detail
08:24and then not to mention
08:25now with the G7
08:27summit happening
08:28the European leaders
08:30also want to have
08:31maybe what some
08:32say in the Iran deal
08:34so they're all trying
08:35to become involved
08:36that's why it's
08:37not quite concrete
08:39and that's why we
08:40don't really know
08:40100% what's going
08:41to happen
08:42but as far as we
08:43know
08:44JD Vance
08:45who is going to
08:46represent the US
08:47in the signing
08:48of the
08:48in the symbolic
08:50signing of the deal
08:51will be in Geneva
08:52on Saturday
08:54oh sorry
08:55on Friday
08:56together with
08:57Kalibaf
08:57the head
08:58Iranian negotiator
08:59so this is what we
09:00know officially
09:01everything else
09:01around that
09:03it's probably
09:04you know
09:05it's hard to sort of say
09:07Doktor kita menyentuh
09:08juga mengenai
09:09pengayaan uranium
09:10dan juga
09:11teknologi nuklear Iran
09:13antara benda
09:13antara perkara yang
09:14paling utama menjadi
09:15fokus dan juga
09:16center of focus
09:17to the American
09:18dan laporan saya
09:20sebutkan tadi
09:21Amerika mendakwa
09:22Iran bersetuju
09:23untuk tidak meneruskan
09:24program
09:25nuklear dan juga
09:26pengayaan uraniumnya
09:27Doktor
09:27tapi berdasarkan artikel
09:29yang saya baca
09:30juga ada menyebut
09:31di sini
09:33the Islamabad Memorandum
09:35which is being pursued
09:36focuses on
09:38ending the war
09:39and at this stage
09:40it has been decided
09:41that there will be
09:42no discussion
09:43about nuclear
09:43is
09:44nuclear issue
09:45and he said
09:46referring to the
09:47document negotiated
09:48with the mediation
09:49of Pakistan
09:49jadi Doktor
09:50itu antara kenyataan
09:52yang juga dilihat
09:53bertentangan
09:53dengan apa yang dikatakan
09:54oleh Presiden Donald Trump
09:55jadi jika isu nuklear
09:56hanya akan dibincangkan
09:57pada fasa kedua rundingan
09:59jadi
10:00bukankah ini bermakna
10:02punca utama konflik
10:03masih belum diselesaikan
10:04dan sejauh mana
10:05MOU tersebut
10:06boleh dianggap
10:06sebagai satu
10:07you know
10:08like
10:08kejayaan diplomatik
10:10Doktor
10:10tersebut
10:11yeah
10:12I think that's a good
10:13way to put it
10:14it's a first step
10:15because there are
10:16many phases
10:17because the US-Iran
10:18conflict did not
10:19just happen on
10:2028th of February
10:21this year
10:21this is an ongoing
10:23issue
10:23the nuclear issue
10:24it cannot be solved
10:25in a few weeks
10:26they've been trying
10:27for years
10:28to solve the nuclear issue
10:29So I think we need to understand it as first steps.
10:32If they are able to sign this pact or this MOU or this preliminary deal on Friday,
10:39then only then can we sort of see a longer term nuclear deal happen.
10:43The nuclear issue is very sensitive for Iran and for the rest of the world.
10:48For Iran, it is a question not of power but of national sovereignty.
10:52It is for them their right to have nuclear energy.
10:56They have never said that they want a nuclear weapon, never said this.
10:59So they've always only wanted nuclear power
11:02and the ability to enrich uranium for nuclear power for civilian use.
11:07So at the moment, we know that this is a sticking point
11:10because everyone has always said that Iran wants a nuclear weapon,
11:14but this is not true.
11:15But the fact that they are taking this first step
11:18probably indicates that there is some movement and some flexibility
11:24for both to accept that Iran can have its nuclear program,
11:28but under heavy regulations.
11:30I think hopefully Trump has now agreed not to completely dismantle Iran's nuclear program
11:35but rather to allow Iran to have its nuclear program
11:38without it developing a nuclear weapon, which was the main point anyway.
11:42And I think European powers are willing to step in,
11:45the US is willing to step in,
11:46and the international nuclear agency is also going to step in.
11:50So this is a good indication.
11:52So we must see this pact not as a solution for everything,
11:56but just a first step.
11:58Hopefully longer, a long-term peace deal.
12:02Doktor, sekali lagi, saya nak tanya juga, Doktor,
12:05banyak percanggahan dalam maklumat yang dikongsikan oleh President Donald Trump
12:09dan juga tentangan ataupun penafian daripada pihak Iran itu
12:13masih berlegar di media sosial pada ketika ini
12:16dan juga laporan-laporan utama outlet media di seluruh dunia pastinya.
12:20Jadi, Doktor, kalau kita melihat apa yang cuba dilakukan Trump ini
12:23dengan melakukan pengumuman-pengumuman yang hampir tidak pasti kebenarannya ini, Doktor,
12:27mengenai tarikh perjumpaan yang juga dinafikan oleh pihak Iran,
12:32adakah ini bermotifkan kepentingan politik domestik dan imej kepimpinannya
12:38atau benar-benar mahu mencerminkan kemajuan rundingan yang dikatakan berlangsung ini, Doktor?
12:46Memang, memang.
12:47I mean, Trump wants a victory.
12:49He wants to say, oh, I won.
12:52But we know that it's not so easy because the military campaign in Iran
12:58essentially didn't do very much.
13:01Iran was able to defend itself.
13:04It was able to attack a US bases.
13:07So we know that Iran is actually quite strong and more resilient than expected.
13:12So the US cannot say that it has a military victory.
13:14So it wants to show that it at least has something.
13:17Something can come out of this deal.
13:19Something can come out of the conflict that happened with Iran over the last months.
13:23So this deal is probably a way in which Trump can show something.
13:28And, of course, a lot of it is tied to domestic politics.
13:32The US, you know, they have midterm elections coming at some point.
13:37The US also needs to ensure that it can prove, it can justify its international actions abroad
13:44to its public because the war was not popular in Iran, sorry, in the United States.
13:49Domestically, it was not a popular war.
13:51So Trump has to show that he has, you know, he has something to show for it.
13:56And also, you know, as a president, I think all presidents want to have a kind of legacy.
14:02and maybe he sees this deal as his legacy.
14:06So there's that.
14:06Even on the Iran side, the Iranian people also don't want to be involved in a war for a long
14:12time.
14:13So the Iranian government also needs to show to its people that it is interested in peace
14:19and it wants peace for its people.
14:21It wants to lift the sanctions and that it is able to be flexible to do that.
14:26So, yes, on both sides, domestic issues are very important.
14:30Maik, Dr. Rowena, kita akan berhenti rehat seketika.
14:34Kita akan menyambung semula perbincangan selepas ini
14:36melihat kepada fokus di selat hormus, Doktor.
14:39Dan kita berhenti dah seketika bertemu semula selepas ini.
15:02bertemu kembali anda masih bersama saya, Syaf Syukri.
15:05Dan ini, Bulutinah Wani Hass, memberi fokus kepada perkembangan terkini yang berlaku
15:08di Asia Barat, sesuatu dalam konflik antara Amerika Syarikat dan Iran.
15:13Dan kita melihat juga perkembangan terkini seperti laporan yang kami bawakan
15:16Trump mendakwa satu perjanjian ataupun MOU
15:19akan dimetrai bersama, telah dimetrai bersama dengan pihak Iran.
15:22Dan Iran sehingga kini masih belum mengeluarkan sebarang maklumat mengenai MOU tersebut.
15:27dan saya masih bersama dengan Dr. Rowena Abdul Razak.
15:30Dr. Rowena, saya nak quote juga one of the report
15:33that saya baca di atas talian juga.
15:37Menyatakan di sini,
15:38Trump on Saturday used all caps to describe the agreement with Iran
15:42as a wall to no nuclear weapon
15:45and said, Tehran will agree to never acquire a weapon
15:47whether through purchase, development or any form of procurement.
15:51Doktor, soalan saya mungkin pada waktu ini menjurus kepada melihat
15:56impak kepada MOU yang dinyatakan telah dimetrai ini, Doktor.
16:00Sebenarnya kalau diikutkan pada pandangan awal,
16:02pihak mana sebenarnya yang memperoleh kepentingan strategik melalui MOU ini?
16:07Adakah Amerika Syarikat sendiri atau Iran, Doktor?
16:11It's a very good question.
16:14In a way, both have some benefit to it
16:18in the sense that both can show to their own people
16:21that they are trying to find a solution,
16:23a peaceful solution.
16:25But the issue is also that
16:28because we don't know what is exactly in the deal
16:31and because we don't really know
16:33what Iran or the US have agreed to,
16:37both also seem to have a different understanding
16:40of certain issues, whether it's nuclear,
16:41whether it's even the Strait of Hormuz.
16:43Because even with the Strait of Hormuz,
16:45US has opened the blockade,
16:47which means that Iranian ships can come in and out
16:49and other ships can come in and out.
16:51But Iran still seems to think that it can charge tolls
16:55and that it can charge fees for ships to come in.
16:59So it still wants to have control
17:01over the Strait of Hormuz.
17:02So unless we know the details of what exactly is in the deal
17:06and how both sides understand these elements in the deal,
17:12we're not really sure who is going to benefit.
17:15Even at the moment, I suppose the main benefit
17:18is actually also to some extent Lebanon
17:21because Lebanon is also in the deal
17:23and Lebanon, the Lebanese president
17:25has also said that he's very relieved
17:28that there is going to be at least a ceasefire.
17:30But even then, we know that Israel
17:33continues to occupy parts of southern Lebanon.
17:36So we know that at the moment,
17:37we should see the memorandum understanding
17:39as a kind of breather,
17:41a time in which everyone can kind of rest
17:44and try and rethink what they want.
17:46But at the same time,
17:47we're still unclear about how each side understands the deal.
17:51so it's hard, it's not yet time to say
17:54who is going to benefit completely from it.
17:58As you were saying,
18:00you're focusing on the Lebanon and also the Hezbollah.
18:03Soalan saya di sini, Doktor,
18:05jika kita tahu juga Israel telah mengeluarkan reaksi
18:08yang agak tidak selesa dengan apa yang tindakan
18:12yang dilakukan oleh Presiden Amerika Syarikat
18:14terhadap pengumuman yang dibuat pagi tadi.
18:18Dan soalan saya, Doktor,
18:21jika perjanjian ini turut menyentuh
18:24Lebanon and Hezbollah,
18:27adakah ia menandakan sebenarnya konflik
18:29di antara Iran dan juga Amerika Syarikat ini
18:31tidak lagi sebenarnya bukan sahaja
18:33sebenarnya memfokuskan kepada isu nuklear semata-mata
18:35tetapi berkembang menjadi rundingan
18:38kepada keseluruhan kesusunan keselamatan
18:41di Asia Barat itu sendiri, Doktor?
18:44Ya, that's very true.
18:46It's not just a nuclear issue.
18:48It's other people are involved.
18:50It's not also US and Iran.
18:51I've always said that any kind of US-Iran deal
18:55cannot be bilateral.
18:56It has to include other parties as well
18:59because Israel and US have been waging
19:03a long-term campaign on Iran
19:06to weaken Iran's regional position
19:07in Lebanon, in Syria
19:10and in Yemen to some extent as well.
19:13So we know that the conflict
19:15is not just about Iran in Iran
19:17but Iran's influence in the region.
19:19So I've always said that
19:21any kind of US-Iran deal
19:23cannot work unless it has
19:25other pihak in the deal.
19:31So we know that
19:33and we have seen that this is the case.
19:35This is why Iran was very clear
19:38in putting Lebanon as part of the deal
19:40because it also wants to protect
19:41its allies in Lebanon
19:43and it also wants to show
19:44Iran wants to show
19:45that whatever happens to Iran
19:46has consequences in the wider region.
19:49So it's not just the nuclear issue
19:52that's true
19:52but we must understand
19:53that it's a very big package
19:54with many different elements to it.
19:57It's not so clear-cut.
19:58It's not just one thing.
19:59It's actually many things.
20:02Okay, Dr.
20:03Now we're focusing on
20:04kita akan cuba memberi fokus
20:05kepada selat hormus juga.
20:06Kita tahu dalam merundingan ini
20:08Iran dilihat seolah-olah
20:11Iran menjadikan selat hormus itu
20:12sebagai alat tekanan utama
20:14kepada Amerika Syarikat
20:15dan adakah pembukaan semula laluan itu
20:17sebenarnya memberi indikasi
20:19bahawa Teheran mengalah
20:22ataupun sebaliknya
20:24membuktikan bahawa
20:25strategi tekanan Teheran
20:26terhadap Amerika Syarikat itu
20:27berjaya memaksa Washington
20:28untuk kembali ke meja rundingan, Dr.
20:32Yes, I think there's an element of that.
20:35Iran has used the Straits of Hormus
20:36very effectively.
20:38It has been able to sort of bring
20:40the whole global economy
20:42as part of its negotiating strategy
20:45and also the rise of oil prices
20:47and so on is very, you know,
20:50it affects not just governments
20:51but the ordinary people
20:52and ordinary people
20:53when they're under pressure
20:54they start to get upset
20:56so obviously no government
20:58wants its people too upset.
21:00So Iran has used it effectively
21:02but also I think it also shows
21:04that Iran is, you know,
21:06a smart negotiator.
21:07Even when it closed
21:08the Straits of Hormus
21:09it was very careful.
21:10It didn't, it also allowed
21:12other, its allies
21:13so it rewarded
21:15countries that stood by it.
21:16So for example,
21:17Malaysian tankers
21:18were allowed to go through
21:19the Straits of Hormus.
21:20So we know that
21:21Iran is not unreasonable.
21:23It is reasonable.
21:24So it wanted to really,
21:25even when it was closing
21:26the Straits of Hormus
21:27it really only wanted to target
21:28the people
21:29or the governments
21:30that were attacking them.
21:32but it rewarded its allies.
21:34So we know that
21:35Iran is actually
21:37quite a rational actor.
21:38In international matters
21:39it's generally
21:40quite a rational actor.
21:42So we can see
21:44even when it uses
21:44the Straits of Hormus
21:45strategically
21:45it still remained
21:47rational and reasonable.
21:48As we can see
21:49it used it as a negotiating tactic
21:51and once the
21:51once the negotiations
21:53are happening
21:53they have reopened
21:55the Straits of Hormus.
21:56Not to be cakap juga
21:58mengenai strategi Iran.
21:59Kita tahu Iran
22:00adalah antara
22:02salah satu negara
22:03yang berdepan
22:04dengan sekatan
22:06yang paling
22:07besar di dunia.
22:09Iran is the most
22:11heavily sanctioned
22:12country in the world
22:13as of now
22:13and dalam laporan
22:15di sini juga ada
22:16menyebut
22:16Iran has insisted
22:18on
22:18an end
22:20to the sanctions
22:21regime
22:21while the US
22:22has shown a willingness
22:23to work on
22:24lifting it
22:24in the face
22:25and conditional manner
22:27but the differences
22:28over how to do this
22:29linger.
22:30Jadi
22:30do you think
22:32adakah doktor berpendapat
22:33Amerika Syarikat
22:34akan
22:35cuba
22:36untuk menarik
22:37sekatan itu
22:37secara perlahan-lahan
22:38bagi memastikan
22:39rundingan
22:40dan juga
22:40apa jua bentuk
22:41MOU
22:42yang akan dipersuju
22:43dengan Iran ini
22:44akan berjaya
22:44direalisasikan doktor?
22:48The sanctions
22:49is a very important
22:50matter
22:50because
22:51even for the
22:52Iranian government
22:52this has been
22:53its main
22:54criticism
22:56towards its
22:57people as
22:57well
22:57because
22:58in a certain
22:59way
22:59it has
22:59sanctions
23:00and therefore
23:00the people
23:01suffer
23:01so
23:02the Iranian
23:03government
23:04lifting the
23:04sanctions
23:05is going
23:05to be
23:05very important
23:06and very
23:06symbolic
23:07because
23:08it's been
23:08under
23:09sanctions
23:09for many
23:09years
23:11but at
23:12the moment
23:12as we
23:12understand
23:13it
23:13the MOU
23:15has not
23:15really
23:16mentioned
23:16sanctions
23:17it's only
23:17said
23:17that
23:18if
23:18things
23:19go
23:19well
23:19then
23:19sanctions
23:20can
23:20be
23:20lifted
23:21but
23:21even
23:21then
23:22we
23:22don't
23:22know
23:22the
23:22details
23:23of it
23:23we
23:23do
23:24know
23:24that
23:24the
23:24European
23:25powers
23:26especially
23:26France
23:27Germany
23:27even
23:28the UK
23:29has said
23:30that
23:30if
23:30all
23:30goes
23:31well
23:31they
23:31are
23:31ready
23:32to
23:32lift
23:32sanctions
23:33and
23:33this
23:34sanctions
23:34means
23:34trade
23:35with
23:35Iran
23:36and
23:37I'm
23:38not
23:38sure
23:38if
23:38this
23:38is
23:39also
23:39going
23:39to
23:39include
23:39the
23:40unfreezing
23:41of
23:41Iranian
23:41assets
23:42so
23:43even
23:43then
23:43the
23:43details
23:44are
23:44not
23:44very
23:44clear
23:44but
23:45if
23:45all
23:46goes
23:46well
23:46then
23:47and
23:47if
23:48all
23:48negotiating
23:48parties
23:49show
23:50that
23:50they
23:50are
23:50doing
23:50so
23:50in
23:51good
23:51faith
23:51then
23:52there
23:52is
23:52no
23:53reason
23:53why
23:53sanctions
23:54shouldn't
23:54be
23:54lifted
23:55in
23:55the
23:55past
23:56sanctions
23:56have
23:56already
23:57been
23:57lifted
23:57at
23:58different
23:58degrees
23:58from
23:59even
24:00the
24:00Bill
24:01Clinton
24:01administration
24:02they
24:02already
24:02started
24:03to
24:03lift
24:03sanctions
24:03there
24:04when
24:04relations
24:05between
24:05US
24:06and
24:06Iran
24:06were
24:07getting
24:07better
24:08under
24:08Obama
24:09as
24:09well
24:09I'm
24:09not
24:09quite
24:10sure
24:10but
24:10when
24:12negotiations
24:13were
24:13happening
24:13for
24:13the
24:14JCPOA
24:14we
24:15know
24:15that
24:16there
24:16was
24:17some
24:17easing
24:18of
24:19trade
24:19and
24:23relations
24:23with
24:23Iran
24:24so
24:24we
24:24know
24:24that
24:25in
24:25the
24:25past
24:25the
24:26US
24:26is
24:26able
24:26to
24:26lift
24:27sanctions
24:27it
24:27may
24:28not
24:28be
24:29immediately
24:29it
24:30may
24:30not
24:30be
24:30all
24:30of
24:31it
24:31in
24:31one
24:31go
24:31but
24:32it
24:32might
24:32be
24:32in
24:32stages
24:33because
24:34there
24:34is
24:34a
24:34lot
24:34of
24:34technicalities
24:35behind
24:35lifting
24:36sanctions
24:37thank you so much
24:38terima kasih sekali lagi
24:39saya ucapkan kepada Dr. Rowena Abdul Razak
24:42atas perkongsian tersebut
24:43satu perkongsian yang cukup komprehensif
24:45untuk sama-sama kita
24:46melihat kepada perkembangan
24:48semasa
24:49berdasarkan kenyataan dikeluarkan oleh
24:51Presiden America
24:52Donald Trump
24:52dan sebentar tadi kita memberi fokus
24:54kepada permulaan keamanan
24:56atau genjatan senjata sementara
24:58dan sebentar tadi Dr. Rowena Abdul Razak
25:00merupakan pensyarah pengajian
25:01sejarah pusat pengajian oriental
25:03dan Afrika
25:04SOAS
25:04University of London
25:05dan terima kasih sekali lagi Dr.
25:07atas perkongsian tersebut
25:07dan pastinya perkembangan terkini
25:09mengenai konflik di Asia Barat
25:10akan terus kami bawakan
25:11dari semasa ke semasa
25:12di semua platform
25:14Media Social Astro Awani
25:15di saluran 501
25:16dan juga
25:17di astroawani.com
25:19jadi saya kira
25:20sekian perbincangan kita
25:21untuk Bluten Awani House
25:23memfokuskan kepada
25:23konflik di Asia Barat ini
25:24saya Syaf Shukri
25:25Assalamualaikum
25:26Salam Hormat
25:27kita jumpa lagi
25:37Terima kasih telah menonton!
25:40Terima kasih telah menonton!
25:41Terima kasih telah menonton!
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