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En 1603, le roi Henri IV, charge une expédition d'explorer davantage le Canada, pour la première fois depuis Jacques Cartier. Champlain accompagne François Gravé dit Pont-Gravé dans ce voyage. Durant plusieurs années, ils vont explorer les terres, fonder des colonies, comme la ville de Québec, et découvrir les Grands Lacs à la recherche d'un passage vers l'ouest.
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00:00America, let's cross the Atlantic, here are the Americas
00:07Once upon a time, I was in the Americas; that's the story I'm going to tell you.
00:12From Sypheria to the Pacific, ancient people began to walk
00:19They carved oceans, they crossed continents
00:26Pursuing their dream of freedom
00:33The adventure was sometimes dramatic, often it was the end of the heroes
00:40It's not easy, but it's magical to make a brand new, beautiful watch
00:47They all took up the torch, going further, going higher
00:54And their dream became reality.
01:00The Americas are here now, the Americas, just as you imagined them.
01:08It's up to you to create this fantastic world, one we once dreamed of.
01:14It's all about walking in your hand, to go to the end of destiny
01:21On this earth without hope
01:27A land of brotherhood
01:391589
01:39Henry of Navarre becomes King of France
01:43Ah, Sully
01:44North America interests him, but only since the incursions of Jacques Cartier half a century ago
01:48All French attempts at establishment have failed
01:50Henry summons his old comrade-in-arms, the commander of chaste
01:53And tasked him with trying again to colonize his lands
02:021603
02:03Three ships leave the port of Honfleur
02:05First and foremost, good reputation
02:07On board, the captain's name is engraved on the bridge.
02:09Ten engraved bridges
02:11Alongside him was Samuel Champlain, sent on a mission by the king, and for whom this would be his first journey.
02:15We're going to have a grain
02:17For the men on deck, the same applies to those in the stern.
02:34Look, seagulls! Land isn't far away now.
02:48We finally got around that ice monster
02:51I thought we wouldn't see any.
02:52Here, finally, is the St. Lawrence River.
02:54Oh, I've never seen a river so wide, come and see!
03:00In reality, Bitt is here
03:02Here is Saint-Guenay and Tadoussac
03:06Look, there it is, Tadoussac
03:08What? Is that all there is to it?
03:09After 72 days of travel, here we are in the Anse du Saint-Guenay
03:13And the very next day
03:16Greetings to you, O great chief Anadabijou
03:18Hello, great white chief, thank you for bringing my boys
03:24Your pots against that
03:27Given
03:28It's a large country with enormous tipis.
03:31They are all different and very strong
03:34They have a very powerful army and a generous leader.
03:40I am pleased that your king has offered the mountaineer his friendship and help in fighting his enemies.
03:51To you, great white chief
03:58The ribbons are the main directions from which all spirits blow.
04:02Who is but one, the father of all
04:04Our one God
04:06But tell me, your god, how did he create white men?
04:10Well, he first started by creating a lone man
04:15But since he was bored
04:17He removed his seventh rib
04:20And... there you have it.
04:26I like your religion, I like it
04:41Our women are truly the most beautiful
05:00Our friends will travel up the Saguenay River for 18 kilometers
05:03This is where the foundations of trade will be established.
05:05And for the first time, our friends will hear about...
05:09The river! This way!
05:11Is a vast salty sea the ideal passage to China?
05:14We travel up the St. Lawrence River to Trois-Rivières.
05:17This will be the ideal place to meet with the Native Americans.
05:20For trade and for friendship, thought Champlain
05:24It's time to go home
05:26But on this day, in June 1603
05:29In front of the Trois-Rivières site
05:32Champlain begins to dream and invents Canada
05:37Upon their return to France, our friends learned of the death of the commander of Chaste
05:41On their urgent recommendation, Pierre Duguay-des-Monts was appointed Lieutenant General of Cadie, Canada and other territories of the
05:49New France
05:49With the exclusive privilege of trading in pots, the proceeds of which will finance the colonization of the land
06:00Silence! The king has just granted the fur trade monopoly to New France.
06:05And what about us? So, what will become of us?
06:07No one will stop me from trading.
06:09Let's use all our connections, we're not going to let them get away with this!
06:12Champlain's Second Expedition
06:14In April 1604, a 150-ton ship left Le Havre under the command of Duguay.
06:19With Champlain, cartographer and observer of the king
06:22Poutrincourt, an eminent gentleman
06:24From a priest, Abbot Aubry, from a craftsman, from settlers
06:27Another ship, under the command of Pont-Gravé, will depart three days later.
06:31And after a month-long crossing
06:32Captain, look, a ship!
06:35There's a ship to starboard, Captain!
06:37Fur smuggling
06:39This time, we've got them, it's a cross of a
06:52Oh dear!
06:55Your furs have been confiscated.
07:01In the end, gentlemen
07:02It is there, on this island that we will call Holy Cross
07:05That we are going to hibernate
07:16Bye !
07:18Bye !
07:21Bye !
08:03A welcome change
08:10The wood ran out
08:13Then the food
08:23Here, have some cider.
08:25Hair
08:27Oh dear, that's scurvy!
08:28What are we going to do?
08:31The price of the first Acadian river
08:3335 of the 80 French people will perish
08:35And the survivors are hardly in better condition.
08:39And what are they doing? We're already halfway through June.
08:51There's no way I'm spending a second winter in this place.
08:54We've had enough losses as it is.
08:55Next winter, we will all spend it in Port-Royal
08:58It's a more sheltered and more clement place.
09:18The news that our friend Pont Gravé has given us is worrying for the future of the colony
09:22I believe it would be best for me to return to France to ensure our defense as soon as possible.
09:29Back in France, Duguadémon will encounter intrigues
09:33Conspiracies
09:35He then asks his friend Poudrincourt to help him in his endeavor
09:39I am returning to the lands of America, will you accompany me, Master L'Escon?
09:42America, America is a wonderful country
09:44If you want to know everything, I've dreamed about America very often.
09:48And the adventurous life I could lead there
09:51Think about my age.
09:52Oh no, I'm a bit too far ahead now.
09:53It doesn't matter, if I accept my thoughts, then of course I accept America for both of us.
09:58The reason is that the king is hesitant to renew the concession.
10:00I'm making this my king's business
10:03So, we, we, had everything
10:06So
10:06We, we, we slept there
10:10You see, we're still here, aren't we?
10:12Yes, okay, I've got it covered.
10:15Yes, powerful interests are at stake.
10:17And I don't believe our enemies will disarm.
10:26Here is my ship, the Jonas, it's a beautiful beast, isn't it?
10:29In a few days, at the beginning of April, we should be able to set sail.
10:36Spring is near
10:37And our men are in very, very bad shape.
10:40The ships, with their crews, should arrive shortly.
10:42Has this winter been as devastating, and how many more will we lose?
10:45A few deaths, but alas, far too many illnesses
10:50All right
11:18Everything is training way too much, isn't it?
11:20Get your men moving, we have no time to waste
11:24I wonder what they're doing, it's already mid-May
11:32I have...
11:33Sir
11:39You want a priest for the colonies, but I don't have one available at the moment.
11:43Do you want a priest? Alas, our priests hate traveling.
11:47Okay, but come back at Easter.
11:52We will finally be able to lift the ink
11:54Now all we have to do is wait for a good tide.
12:00But what are we waiting for, Captain?
12:02Every day, you find reasons not to leave
12:04For what ?
12:05Because my former bosses are completely against the trip.
12:09In that case, leave the bar immediately
12:12And tell your friends that we can manage without you.
12:16I've already been there, something must have happened to him.
12:20We will have to leave the colony
12:25We are the vanguard, Mr. Poutrincourt's ship is arriving
12:32So this is the situation
12:35My friends, if you want to survive in this country
12:37You need to learn to rely primarily on yourself.
12:40Clear, sow and plant
12:42You will have fresh vegetables
12:43And you will no longer be sick.
13:10And at the Ascension, a ship arrives from France.
13:16But the news is disastrous.
13:18The concession is cancelled.
13:19More crew changes and more supplies
13:22This time, we have to go back
13:34Behold, Your Majesty, the harvest of New France
13:38Don't you think, Your Majesty, that this is the most precious thing?
13:42That one can bring back from any country whatsoever
13:46Ah, what a fine harvest this is, my friend!
13:49I have studied the reasons that led you to make such a decision.
13:53They are non-existent and worthless, that's true, Your Majesty
13:56They're really bad
13:57Not one of those merchants you favor will lift a finger to help you.
14:02While we, Your Majesty, have conquered a country
14:04You know very well, Your Majesty, that we have no desire for a profile.
14:09And the only thing that matters to us is your greatness and your kingdom, Your Majesty
14:18These merchants have the ships and the lords that the state needs.
14:21How can you, Your Majesty, give them priority?
14:24To them, to their gold, to vulgar commerce
14:28It's settled, my friends, you've won.
14:30Your privileges have been renewed.
14:32From today onwards, and for the one-year-old knot
14:40Just a moment longer, Master
14:43How, my good friend, can we ensure that gold does not reign supreme in the affairs of the
14:47'State ?
14:48My God, he would say that life is so short
14:50In 1610, Ravaillac, a religious fanatic, assassinated this excellent king in the middle of a street in Paris.
14:55The very image of tolerance
14:59Two years earlier, our friends had left
15:02Poutrincourt's mission was to reclaim Acadia.
15:05Pont Gravé was to lead the negotiations with the Indians.
15:07And bring back to France the boats loaded with pelt
15:09Champlain, for his part, was in charge of leading and governing the colony sent to Quebec.
15:15Five years later, on July 3, 1608
15:19Champlain returns to the landscapes of Quebec
15:22But where to build a city? he wonders.
15:29This is the perfect place.
15:33This is where it needs to be built
15:35On this spur overlooking the St. Lawrence
15:38And controlling the entire valley
15:41This is the place that will need to be inhabited and populated.
15:43This is the cradle and the future of this country
16:04A very beautiful house
16:07I wonder, Mr. Champlain, how it will evolve in the future
16:12Later, I'm sure she'll be like that
16:17You don't like it?
16:18Well, if you don't like it
16:19We can also see it like this
16:32Excuse me, Mr. Champlain
16:34My name is Testu, I am the pilot
16:35And I wanted to warn you that there was a plot against you
16:38They want to kill you, to seize the house
16:40And it pays well, apparently.
16:42Powerful interests are at stake
16:47The defendants were found guilty of treason and attempted murder.
16:51And they have no mitigating circumstances for the court
16:54There is only one possible verdict
16:56Death
16:59The verdict is correct
17:00But we must avoid making martyrs of them.
17:03We must make an example of this
17:07I agree
17:08One will suffice
17:21Before winter and as planned
17:22Pont Gravé will return to France with the prisoners and its cargo
17:32Once again
17:33The colony suffered heavy losses during the winter.
17:38As agreed
17:39Pont gravé returned in the spring
17:41With reinforcements and supplies
17:55One blanket, two pots
17:57Three blankets, one pot
18:16It's been a long time.
18:17You promised us help
18:18If we had to fight against our enemies
18:20The Iroquois are a cruel people
18:22Our two tribes are at war
18:24You must come with us
18:25And unleash the thunder of your weapons
18:29If the Iroquois are the enemies of the Algonquin people
18:32They are also our enemies
18:34And this is how we will fight them.
18:46July 1, 1609
18:48So we go to war
18:50We go back up the river
18:51Meeting the Iroquois
18:53We discover a lake
18:55Who will be baptized?
18:56Lake Champlain
19:15Look there
19:34Meeting the Iroquois
20:02Thanks to the victory at the Battle of Cowpoint,
20:04Champlain has just won the unwavering friendship of the Algonquins,
20:07but he has also just jeopardized France's position on the continent.
20:11Because the Iroquois were formidable warriors,
20:13will be, and henceforth for a century, the allies of the English.
20:16And their weight in the battle that the two powers will wage will be decisive.
20:21Another battle against the Iroquois where Champlain is wounded.
20:27And another victory.
20:34Let us forget the countless trips back and forth to that ungrateful France where Champlain found only indifference for this beautiful country.
20:40It is only here that our tireless woodsman feels at home,
20:44always ready to overcome incredible difficulties.
20:50The purpose of the expedition this time,
20:53despite the reluctance of the Indians,
20:55going up the Ottawa River.
20:57As far as this sea, it was reported to him to the north.
21:00Could this be the gateway to China?
21:11So, what do you think of my project, chief?
21:16I await your response.
21:18You are going to your death, you must not leave.
21:19Please, chief.
21:21But listen, despite all his insistence,
21:24The Indians will stubbornly refuse to lead him north.
21:27He will therefore have to return.
21:31Champlain embarks on his third campaign,
21:34undoubtedly the most fruitful,
21:35because it will allow him to discover the great lakes and the Huron and Iroquois countries.
21:42One of Champlain's finest discoveries,
21:45Lake Huron and its arm, Georgian Bay.
21:48In August, we arrived in Kayagué.
21:50one of the largest villages in Huronis.
21:53Do you realize, Mr. Champlain,
21:55This will be the first Franciscan mission in Canada.
21:59Did my men rise to the occasion, Father?
22:08We are going to war.
22:10We are expecting 2500 warriors.
22:13You can count on us.
22:16Oh, Chatéquin, my brother, how are you?
22:18You, Brother Blanche, in full, may God protect you.
22:21Oh.
22:37Oh.
22:55Oh.
22:56Oh.
22:58Oh.
23:19No, wait! Come back! No, come back, that's not how you attack, come back!
23:50Back! Back!
23:58Order! Discipline!
24:06The tide has turned, and it's in our favor this time. We're going back into battle, but this time in
24:11good order.
24:11Look!
24:16Don't leave, we can still win, it's serious if we run away, don't leave!
24:21But what is it...
24:26Champlain would long be haunted by this defeat he failed to prevent. All those battles in France and Canada
24:31It only interests the merchants, why bother with all this? A less hardy nature would have given up long ago.
24:47But Champlain would continue for years, with indomitable energy, to discover and structure this country.
24:53Here he is, disembarking in Quebec with his very young wife. Nearby, the Mayflower is unloading its cargo.
25:00from Purita.
25:01England declares war on France. In Quebec, there's no one left to resist it.
25:06The Peace of Saint-Germain returned Canada to France. In 1635, Champlain died in that
25:13Quebec, which he is putting on.
25:14At that time, there were 150 French people in Canada. By the end of the century, there would be 12,000, compared to 250.
25:20000 English.
25:21The Frenchman, too comfortable at home, thus let slip one of the great opportunities in his history.
25:28America, in Switzerland, they waited for him. Here are the Americas, from North to Pacific. Here are the Americas.
25:42Once upon a time, I was in the Americas, that's the story I told you.
25:48Once Upon a Time in the Americas.
25:51The Americas.
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