- hace 25 minutos
En mai 1492, Christophe Colomb arrive à Palos de la Frontera dans le but de réquisitionner des navires. Il rencontre les frères Pinzón, propriétaires de la Pinta et de la Niña. Avec la Santa Maria, l'expédition quitte l'Espagne le 3 août dans le but d'atteindre Cipango.
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00:00America, crossing the Atlantic, here are the Americas
00:07Once upon a time, there were the Americas; that's the story I'm going to tell you.
00:12From Cyprus to the Pacific, ancient people began to walk
00:19They carved oceans, they crossed continents
00:26Pursuing their dream of freedom
00:33The adventure was sometimes dramatic, often it was the end of the heroes
00:40It's not easy, but it's magical to make a brand new, beautiful watch
00:47They all took up the torch, going further, going higher.
00:54And their dream of seeing it come true
01:00They are now here, the Americas, just as you imagined them.
01:08It's up to you to create this fantastic world, the one we've all dreamed of one day.
01:13Now everything is in hand, to reach the end of destiny.
01:21On this earth without hope
01:27A land of brotherhood
02:01Subtitling by Radio-Canada
02:09Royal Order
02:11By order of their gracious Catholic majesty
02:14Queen Isabel and King Ferdinand
02:16The inhabitants of the city of Palos
02:19They are required to provide and arm two of their ships
02:23Within ten days
02:25And to make them available to Lord Columbus present here
02:29We clearly stated within ten days
02:34Look, my boat needs three months of repairs
02:37Come back when he is fit to sail again.
02:40Requisition my ships, good lord, but it's impossible
02:43They are in England for weeks
02:49In the name of their majesty, we have come to requisition your boats
02:54Requisition my ships, my lord
02:55Take them, take them, I'll give them to you
03:12Welcome, Lord
03:25Mr. Colomb, why don't you go and talk to Father Pérez about it?
03:29He is very well-regarded in the region, you know that?
03:33Yes, undoubtedly very great riches to be conquered
03:36And countless souls for our holy church
03:39What do you think, Martin Pinson?
03:40Lord Columbus, do you really believe that the lands of the East, if Pango, could be so close to the
03:47'west ?
03:47I'm going to talk to Vincente, my brother, I think he'll agree
03:50Personally, I'm tempted by the adventure.
03:53In Pinta, the Ninia, they are small but sturdy and they hold up well.
03:57I will take command of the first and my brother of the second
04:04And we managed to convince one of our Basque friends
04:08He's going to give in to us for the adventure, the Marie Galante
04:15Yeah !
04:18Yeah !
04:19No, that's all very well, but our crews are far from complete and we need more
04:23men
04:24However, there are many unemployed people in the region.
04:27It's because all men know that there is a very high mortality rate in this kind of...
04:31'shipping
04:31Even J.P. Potence doesn't want to get involved.
04:34This is what makes the undertaking difficult
04:37Don't panic, I'll sort it out for you.
04:40If Pango goes, all his ships and a city with golden roofs, it seems
04:43There will be wealth for everyone
04:46Each man will receive a pound of biscuits every day.
04:50300 grams of meat or fish
04:53Oil, vinegar, cheese, dried vegetables and onions
04:56Real onions
04:58And what's more, get this, you'll get wine, two liters of wine every day
05:02May the Lord forgive me
05:03It's not about the wine, but I...
05:05That interests me
05:06You heard right, two liters of wine a day
05:09And you will receive a bonus in advance.
05:12Yeah, the bonus interests me, I'm in.
05:21I'm serious, I'm a man now
05:24I want to get involved, yes, sign me up
05:26I want to leave
05:32I will go, I will go, I will go, I will go
05:34My father doesn't want to hear about it, so
05:36I need to arrive, I want to leave
05:38But he thinks you're much too young.
05:40For adventure and then for travel
05:42I'm telling you, I'm going to leave anyway, you'll see.
05:53I will go, I will go, I will go, I will go
06:28Oh no, not that
06:53My purse, thief!
07:02Thank you, my little one, you are a good boy
07:16But why are they doing this to them? What have they done?
07:18But we have to kill them all by hand!
07:20Poor Jean, look, they don't really seem mean.
07:22They are Jews, conversos; it is the holy acquisition they want.
07:38Welcome aboard, Admiral
07:41Welcome, Mr. Controller
07:43Mr. King's Notary
07:47The King's Butler
07:49Mr. Equipment Supervisor
07:52Welcome, Mr. Food Warden
07:54Welcome, Mr. Interpreter
07:55Mr. Interpreter?
07:57Yes, same here, who speaks Greek, Hebrew, Arabic?
08:00That's what they say, the mother of all languages
08:12In the name of God, hoist the sails!
08:15In the name of God, hoist the sails!
08:17In the name of God, hoist the sails!
08:27Bye !
08:32Bye !
08:36Bye !
08:41Bye !
08:44We're going straight ahead, following the 28th parallel
08:48At your service, Admiral
08:58Admiral, we have a rudder failure.
09:00We need a port to repair
09:02Straight ahead, heading for the Canary Islands
09:13Greetings, sir, I am the governor of the island.
09:15Where is your commander?
09:18Your boats entered the port without authorization
09:20This is a case of force majeure.
09:22Look, you can see clearly, this ship was adrift
09:25Sorry, I am obliged, pending instructions from His Majesty, to have you committed.
09:29Please follow us
09:30Oh, because you think we're just going to let ourselves be treated like that?
09:33Absolutely not!
09:34No, but you see, I meant that I should lock you up.
09:37But of course, since it's a case of force majeure.
09:39Well, I don't know...
10:01But come on, Petio, how did you manage to get on board? Tell me
10:04I wanted to enlist, but nobody wanted me, so...
10:08But what have you been eating? All this time, huh?
10:11I think you were sneaking around a bit at night while the others were asleep.
10:14You have nothing left, I'm sure of it.
10:15Okay, listen, we're going to help you, we're going to give you food
10:19I'm going to inform a few men I trust completely.
10:22You can come onto the bridge in the evening or at night
10:24But the admiral mustn't know.
10:27He's in a bad mood right now
10:31Yes ?
10:31Still no land in sight, the men are getting nervous, difficult to control
10:35Admiral, admiral, come and see
10:42Look
10:44That's a good sign, my friends, land can't be far away.
10:52Earth, earth!
11:17According to your calculations, Admiral, we should have reached land a long time ago.
11:21In my opinion, we need to change course; we need to go more west-southwest.
11:24The earth must be close
11:25For what ?
11:26Watch the birds fly
11:29We must let ourselves be guided by them
11:34By declaring their agreement that they have just decided not to discover America
11:37But just a tiny island in the Bahamas, that's fate.
11:40Why did he do that? Explain it to us, maestro.
11:43Oh, you have to understand it
11:45They left two months ago
11:47He doesn't really know where he stands.
11:48He has no bearings
11:49So all the signs seem good to him
11:52I get the impression he has serious problems with the crew.
11:54Oh, well, you can say that again.
11:57We have plenty of others like this cheap admiral.
11:59Yeah, that's true, he doesn't even know where he's going
12:01Yeah, what a strange adventure, he dragged us along!
12:04None of us will come back, that's for sure.
12:07So what are we waiting for to hang it short?
12:10No, what are we waiting for to throw it into the water?
12:13And then, you saw, all those guys from Pinta and Lignin, they're not messing around, are they?
12:17Yes, those from La Pinta, especially
12:21Oh, look, there
12:29My friends, thank you all.
12:31You have shown patience
12:33Earth is close now
12:35It's a matter of hours.
12:36And the first one who spots him
12:38Will receive an annuity of 10,000 marvels
12:40From our queen
12:52Oh, hey, come all and see, come, come quickly, look!
12:58Unfurl the sails, unfurl the sails
13:09Earth! Earth!
13:12Hooray! Hooray!
13:14Have you found a land?
13:15Not me, but one of my men, Ron Rodriguez
13:18Hoist the sails, get to work
13:27Admiral, oh, admiral
13:33I knew it, I knew it, Lord Columbus
13:35You will think of the reward for my sailor, Ron Rodriguez.
13:37What reward?
13:38But, finally, the one you promised to the first man who was there
13:42Ah yes, but I was the first to see the Earth's glow
13:45Ask these gentlemen
14:00Oh, it can only be one of the islands surrounding Sipango
14:03Oh, it can only be one of the islands that is
14:49To make us equal to an escobel of our royal land
14:52From the moment dated by our most Catholic majesties
14:54We declare on their behalf
14:56To take possession of these lands which we call San Salvador
15:01Oh, yes
15:02Oh, yes
15:18Oh, yes
15:19Hervant
15:47Ask them if they know Sipango,
15:49the city with the golden roof.
15:52Do you know Sipango, the city?
15:54The city which has plata dwellings.
16:01He says that by going south, we'll find it.
16:04Tell us, where can we find gold?
16:10Yes, in the south.
16:11He says that in the south, there is a king who owns a base of gold.
16:14Tell me, friends, do you want to come with us on our boats?
16:17Ask others too.
16:22After exploring the Bahamas,
16:24Colón set sail for what he believed to be Sipango
16:26and which was in fact Cuba.
16:30There, he encountered natives who were inhaling grass smoke.
16:37This will be one of the finds he brings back from America.
16:41I don't know what he did best.
16:44Finally, there it is.
16:54We will call this land "Hispaniola".
16:56We are actually in Haiti, in the Dominican Republic.
17:11I don't think these Indians are very Asian.
17:20On Christmas night, the crew might have been a little merry that evening.
17:25The Santa Maria will run aground on a coral reef.
17:28We'll have to leave it there.
17:30And since there isn't enough room to fit everyone in,
17:33We will found a colony.
17:35The Villa of Navidad.
17:36Your life will be easy.
17:38The people here are very gentle.
17:40So don't mistreat them.
17:42Gather some gold, a barrel or two, and some spices.
17:45When we return, we will resume the conquest of these lands.
17:47Rest assured, Admiral.
17:49I will personally see to it.
17:51Bye !
17:55In March 1493, 224 days after his departure,
17:59Christopher Columbus returns to the port of Palos.
18:01He discovered a prodigious continent.
18:03He doesn't bring back gold, but corn, cassava, and tobacco.
18:07And Indians.
18:09Ah, the Indians!
18:18Chocolon!
18:51Your Majesty, Your Majesty.
18:53A seat.
18:55Ah, thank you.
18:57Well, we've left.
18:59It was a great trip.
19:00I naturally took the opportunity to bring along a few elected officials.
19:11Admiral, here is the message that their most Catholic majesty asks me to convey to you.
19:16The more we understand the grandeur of your design,
19:18The more we measure the scientific evidence you have demonstrated, the better we can measure it.
19:21and that one could not have supposed in any mortal.
19:27Admiral, do you believe that there are no men in Spain capable of carrying out this undertaking?
19:31Sir, would you like to play a little game?
19:33Look at this egg, can you make it stand upright?
19:35My goodness, you'll hold on, you'll hold on...
19:41I could do that.
19:46I could try it myself.
19:49Ah, well yes, of course, that's too simple.
19:51There you go, gentlemen.
19:54Of course, it's easy to know how to do everything when others have done it before you.
19:58What do you think?
20:00My opinion on this, my opinion on this, is...
20:01Less later, in September, it's a veritable fleet
20:04which departs from Cadiz under the command of colonists.
20:0617 caramels, 1200 men including farmers
20:09and all trades.
20:1020 riders, sheep, seeds, tools.
20:13His two brothers and six monks, including Bernard Boyle.
20:16Your young friend Pierrot is here too.
20:18This time he managed to get hired as a cabin boy.
20:47Cannibals.
20:50These people must be punished.
20:51We will enslave them.
20:58And here we are back in Española.
21:00But where are the settlers?
21:02The city of Navidad.
21:04Where is she?
21:05Well, what could have happened here?
21:08What happened ?
21:09Oh, it's simple.
21:10The warden and his men showed themselves
21:12Too rapacious, too greedy.
21:16And the kind Indians eventually got fed up
21:18to mistreat too much.
21:28Well, we're going to found a colony right here.
21:31We will name her Isabella.
21:32And since there is no maneuver,
21:34We will work with our hands.
21:35How can we work with our hands?
21:37But you're not thinking about that?
21:38Me, work?
21:39I prefer to return to Spain.
21:41Dear friends, these lands belong to you.
21:44As for me, I have to leave to give
21:46of our news to their majesty.
21:47But I will return as soon as possible.
21:49During my absence, my brothers Diego and Bartolomeo
21:52will take good care of you.
22:04After two years of penance,
22:05that we can finally set off again for our third trip.
22:09He has 300 volunteers with him.
22:11including 30 women, to establish a lineage in Isabella.
22:14This time we will travel along the Venezuelan border.
22:16then that Hispanic man.
22:20I'm looking forward to seeing Isabella again after all this time.
22:23I am of course eager to see what has become of our colony.
22:33Is that what a broom is?
22:35Finally, you!
22:37Diego!
22:38What joy!
22:39Dear brothers,
22:41Bartolomeo, for the love of God,
22:43What's going on?
22:43They refuse to obey us.
22:45to obey Genoese people whose ideas...
22:46We had no authority over them.
22:48We couldn't do anything.
22:49And they mistreat the Indians,
22:50They confiscate their jewelry.
22:51And they hunt down their wives.
22:53And then there were illnesses.
22:55But what am I going to say to their majesty?
22:57Do you think my situation is easy?
23:00Nothing is easy,
23:01But you have ships,
23:02Let's send them slaves.
23:17But what has he been up to now?
23:19that crazy colonist?
23:21Majesty,
23:22what we should do to these poor people
23:24so that they would be treated this way.
23:25Let all these unfortunate people be freed
23:27and that they be taken back home to Hispaniola
23:29and have me ask my palace
23:31Francisco de Baudabilla.
23:34I appoint you governor of Hispaniola
23:36in place of the colonial viceroy.
23:37You will investigate the situation there.
23:39without the slightest leniency
23:41and you will send me your report.
23:43Come on.
23:47On August 24, 1500,
23:49Baudabilla arrived in Hispaniola.
23:51His first action was to throw him in prison
23:53Diego and Bartolomeo.
23:59And where is Christophe the colonist?
24:02Governor, we have arrested him.
24:03Was he put in irons?
24:04No, it's just that nobody here
24:06He didn't dare, Governor.
24:07Heh heh, I'm doing fine.
24:09Give it to me, I have the iron.
24:11Heh heh.
24:19Um, allow me,
24:20I'm going to get rid of you
24:21of these irons, admiral.
24:22No, I prefer to keep them.
24:23How ?
24:25Thank you, my friend.
24:26But it's better this way.
24:27Poor colonist,
24:28So there he is, disembarked.
24:29chained to Cadiz.
24:31Fortunately,
24:31An order from the queen freed him.
24:33And Isabella received it
24:34with apologies.
24:36Baudabilla had overstepped the mark.
24:37his orders.
24:38But that was no longer the case.
24:39for our friend
24:40to be viceroy
24:41or governor.
24:42He withdrew
24:43in a Franciscan convent
24:45and began
24:46a long period
24:46of penance.
24:49Poor colonist,
24:50So that's it, it's over.
24:51For him, expeditions?
24:52Well, no.
24:52in 1502,
24:53He will leave again
24:53a fourth and final time.
24:55And it will be
24:55the most painful
24:57from his travels.
24:58Typhoon,
25:02disease,
25:05treason,
25:06famine,
25:06revolt of subordinates,
25:08everything, finally.
25:10He also makes Indians.
25:13Nothing will be spared him.
25:18Oh, I don't have any more
25:19a hair that is not white.
25:20My body is exhausted
25:21and can't take it anymore
25:22quickly
25:23our old land of Spain.
25:24I need rest so badly.
25:25Two years after his return,
25:27Queen Isabel was dying.
25:28Two more years
25:29and Christopher Columbus
25:29He too will die.
25:31Almost blind,
25:32paralyzed
25:33and wretched,
25:34abandoned by everyone.
25:36Not almost all of them.
25:39What a pity,
25:40What a pity,
25:41the children,
25:41that I lacked the time.
25:42We saw that the islands
25:43Cipangou were
25:44on the point
25:45of being discovered.
25:46Just a little longer,
25:48the children.
25:50Not funny.
25:50the end of life
25:51of a conqueror.
25:52Right, children?
25:53I have to tell you
25:54that it is the will
25:54and perseverance
25:55of that man
25:56who opened the world
25:57the doors
25:57of a fabulous continent.
26:00America,
26:02This is the story I told you.
26:20I was further away,
26:22Once upon a time, there was America.
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