00:08What are gerunds and infinities?
00:13Gerunds and infinities are words with a verb meaning.
00:17They function as nouns in a sentence.
00:21Gerunds are formed by adding ing to the base form of the verb.
00:26For example, reading, singing, and walking are gerunds.
00:34Infinitive verbs are formed with the word to and the base form of the verb.
00:39For example, to eat, to sleep, and to study are infinitive verbs.
00:51The basic sentence pattern in English is subject, verb, object.
00:57Subjects and objects are usually nouns, but gerunds and infinitives can also function as
01:04the subject or object of a sentence.
01:06For example, in the sentence, snowboarding is her favorite sport.
01:12The gerund, snowboarding, is the subject of the sentence.
01:18In the sentence, he likes reading, the gerund, reading, is the object of the sentence.
01:27In the sentence, they need to study.
01:30The infinitive, to study, is the object of the sentence.
01:38How do we know when to use gerunds and infinitives in English?
01:43There are three basic rules for gerunds in English.
01:46There are also three basic rules for infinitives in English.
01:52Some verbs are always followed by a gerund.
01:56Common verbs followed by a gerund are consider, discuss, enjoy, finish, keep, practice, quit,
02:09recommend, and suggest.
02:12For example, they discussed having a party this weekend.
02:20He keeps forgetting to text me.
02:27Other verbs are always followed by an infinitive.
02:31Common verbs followed by an infinitive are agree, decide, hope, learn, need,
02:40offer, plan, promise, and want.
02:48For example, she decided to apply for a new job.
02:56They offered to help her move.
03:02There are a few verbs that can be followed by either a gerund or an infinitive with no difference
03:08in meaning.
03:10Common verbs followed by a gerund or infinitive are begin, continue, hate, like, love, prefer,
03:22and start.
03:25For example, I like listening to music.
03:35Let's continue talking about this or let's continue to talk about this.
03:45The subject of a sentence is usually a gerund.
03:48For example, gardening is my favorite hobby.
03:57Meeting new people isn't always easy.
04:03After an adjective, we usually use an infinitive verb.
04:07For example, I was sad to see my test score.
04:15Is it difficult to make a cake?
04:21After a preposition, we usually use a gerund.
04:25For example, I thought about taking piano lessons.
04:32Did you plan on calling me back?
04:39After a noun or pronoun, we almost always use an infinitive verb.
04:45For example, the librarian told the students to be quiet.
04:52We ask them to go to the beach with us.
05:08Look at the sentence and the verb provided.
05:11Say or write the sentence using a gerund or an infinitive verb.
05:16For example, call me when you finish cleaning.
05:31Now you try.
05:45The teacher told the students to study every night.
06:00The teacher told the students to study every night.
06:02the teacher told the students to study every night.
06:03He promised to take his sister to the beach.
06:10What?
06:18Singing always cheers me up.
06:34They considered moving to a new city.
06:49It is important to get enough sleep every night.
07:06We talked about starting our own business.
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