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University Challenge S55E35
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00:28Hello and welcome to the
00:29semi-finals of this year's university challenge. Tonight the first two of our final four teams
00:34will be going head-to-head for a place in the series final. One is looking to take a step
00:38closer
00:39to a second trophy for their university. The other will be hoping to be the first ever from their
00:44college to get past this stage in the competition. The team from Edinburgh are yet to lose a match
00:49in this series but they came closest in their last game against Merton College Oxford. Both teams
00:53struggled to find their rhythm in that match and incurred eight five-point penalties between them
00:57but in the end Edinburgh were ahead when it counted and their other wins have been very convincing
01:02indeed as Newcastle, Trinity College, Cambridge and Manchester know to their cost. Music, film and
01:08philosophy are just a few of their many strengths and their average score so far is 170. Let's meet
01:13the team from Edinburgh once again. Hi I'm Partha Vishwar. I'm from Portland, Oregon in the United
01:18States and I'm starting for a Master's of Sustainable Lands and Cities. Hi I'm Johnny Richards. I'm from
01:25Los Angeles, California and I'm doing a PhD on Ancient DNA. And their captain. Hi I'm Alice Leonard. I'm from
01:31Portsmouth and I'm studying for a Masters in Environment, Culture and Society.
01:35Hi I'm Rehan Amjad. I'm from Dublin and Glasgow and I'm studying for a PhD in Computer Science.
01:41APPLAUSE
01:43The team from Darwin College Cambridge are also coming into this match off the back of a victory over Merton
01:48College Oxford, albeit a slightly more comfortable one.
01:51They've also beaten Green Templeton College Oxford, Morden College Oxford and Warwick on their way to this point, but they
01:56have lost once to Sheffield in their first quarter final.
01:59They've consistently answered well on literature, fine art, biochemistry and mathematics, but have occasionally shown a tendency to talk themselves
02:06out of right answers. And their average score is just under 160.
02:11Let's meet the team from Darwin for the sixth time.
02:14Hi, I'm Louis Strachan. I'm from North Lanarkshire and I'm doing a PhD in Parasite Birology.
02:19Hello, I'm Ruth Newver-Hurtig. I'm from Cork in Ireland and I study Education.
02:23And their captain.
02:23Hello, I'm Louis Cameron. I'm from London and I'm doing a PhD in English.
02:29Hi, my name's Jonathan White. I'm from Buckinghamshire. I'm studying for a PhD in Geography.
02:34APPLAUSE
02:37Welcome back. Just two wins from glory. Here we go then. Here's your first start for ten. Good luck.
02:43By a resolution of the 20th of December 2024, the Royal House of which country officially changed its coat of
02:51arms?
02:51The inner scutcheon contains the two bars of the dynasty's parent house, the House of Oldenburg, while the shield is
02:57divided...
02:58Darwin White.
02:58Denmark.
02:59It is Denmark, yes.
03:00Your bonuses then are on a phrase used in the UK Parliament.
03:04In January 2022, which Conservative former Secretary of State for exiting the European Union implored the then Prime Minister Boris
03:10Johnson to resign by telling him,
03:12In the name of God, go.
03:14David Davis.
03:14In 2005, he lost his party's leadership contest to David Cameron.
03:18David Davis.
03:18David Davis.
03:19David Davis.
03:20Yes.
03:20The MP Leo Amory finished an attack on Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain with the words,
03:25In the name of God, go.
03:26During a parliamentary debate of May 1940, discussing the military campaign in which country that had been invaded by Nazi
03:32Germany on the 9th of April.
03:34Norway.
03:34The debate is most commonly known by the name of this country.
03:38Yeah, Norway.
03:38Norway.
03:39Yes.
03:39Davis and Amory were both quoting which politician and military leader, who is supposed to have dissolved the Rump Parliament
03:45with the same words in 1653, the year which would also see the founding of the Protectorate?
03:51Oliver Cromwell.
03:52It is indeed.
03:52Yeah.
03:53Nice right question.
03:54In which city is the open-air architectural museum, Pobla Espanol, or Spanish Town, an artificially constructed village containing 117
04:02full-scale recreations of characteristic buildings from different parts of Spain?
04:07The Pobla was created for the International Exposition of 1929, held in this city, and is located near other notable
04:14attractions built for that expo, including the Magic Fountain of Montjuic, and a pavilion...
04:19Venebra Richards.
04:20Barcelona.
04:21It is Barcelona, yes.
04:22Your bonuses are three questions on a sign language.
04:25For what do the letters P-I stand in the abbreviation P-I-S-L, used to designate a sign
04:31language commonly used as a lingua franca between indigenous peoples in large parts of pre-Columbian North America?
04:38Also known as hand talk, it has been the subject of numerous revival efforts in recent decades.
04:43Is it Pacific something?
04:44It doesn't make sense.
04:45No.
04:45Is it Pacific something then?
04:47Is it...
04:48Pigeon...
04:49Is it Paraguayan indigenous?
04:51I think there's a...
04:51Sure, sure.
04:52Let's go with that.
04:53Paraguayan indigenous.
04:54No, it's Plains Indian.
04:56Sorry.
04:56In their studies of P-I-S-L, linguists including Lamont West and Brenda Farnell have used what word by
05:03analogy with phoneme to describe, quote, a unit of movement or a shape of the hand, for example, that provides
05:09a constituent part of a sign.
05:12Okay, so what's that?
05:14Moni?
05:14Oh, for hand.
05:16Movement.
05:16Magistration.
05:17Sorry, that's Latin.
05:19Movement, yeah.
05:20Oh.
05:20It could be manim.
05:21I need a good idea.
05:22Let's go with that.
05:23I don't know, Greek for hand and stuff.
05:24Let's keep it moving.
05:25Manim.
05:27Oh.
05:27George Drillard, a part Shawnee man from Missouri, served as a translator of several languages, including P-I-S-L,
05:34for which two men during their early 19th century expedition across the newly acquired Louisiana territory?
05:40Lewis and Clark.
05:41Nominate Amjad.
05:42Lewis and Clark.
05:43It is indeed.
05:44Well done.
05:44Let's start the question.
05:46In his poem, Whispers of Immortality, of which Jacobean dramatist does T.S. Eliot...
05:51Darwin Cameron.
05:52Webster.
05:52It is John Webster.
05:53Well done.
05:54John.
05:54Your bonuses are on a European river.
05:57Sometimes referred to historically by the German name Memel.
06:01The Nerman is the longest river of what European country?
06:04It flows roughly south-east to north-west, draining into the Curonian, or Courland, lagoon.
06:10This I don't know.
06:12So you could try, I don't know, like, Hungry Slovenia or Hungary maybe?
06:19Something real German name?
06:21Yeah, German.
06:21Slovenia.
06:22No, it's Lithuania.
06:23Located on the river Neiman, north-west of Vilnius, what city was the capital of independent Lithuania from 1920 to
06:301940, when Vilnius was under Polish occupation?
06:33Try Kanaus.
06:34Kanaus is another city in Lithuania.
06:36Kanaus?
06:37No, bad luck.
06:38The city is Kanaus, so I can't accept that.
06:40Oh.
06:41A western stretch of the Neiman forms the border between Lithuania and what Russian oblast?
06:46Uh, Kaliningrad.
06:48Nominate White.
06:49Kaliningrad.
06:49It is indeed, yes.
06:51Let's start your question.
06:51There's a picture round now.
06:53And for your picture starter, you will see a map of the Holy Roman Empire in 1618, on the eve
06:58of the Thirty Years' War.
07:00For ten points, name the polity in black.
07:07Prussia.
07:08No, you can have a bit more time, Darwin, but not much.
07:13Brandenburg.
07:13It is indeed.
07:14Well done.
07:15Following on from that map of the Holy Roman Empire in 1618, you will see three more maps from the
07:20same time, on which electorates of the Empire have been highlighted.
07:24Five points for each you can name.
07:26First, in blue.
07:27Um, okay, so this is in, like, Western.
07:32You could try Palatinate, maybe.
07:35Palatinate.
07:36It is the county of the Palatinate.
07:37Well done.
07:38Secondly, in purple, with its central city marked.
07:42Uh, so this is also, what's German, so is this Mainz or, yeah, it could be Mainz, yeah.
07:49Mainz?
07:50No, that's the Archbishopric of Trier.
07:52Oh.
07:52And finally, the red region circled?
07:55Bavaria, I guess, so I'm not sure.
07:57Um, yeah, to try Bavaria.
08:00Yeah, try Bavaria.
08:01Bavaria?
08:01No, that's Bohemia.
08:02Bad luck.
08:02Okay.
08:03Another starter question.
08:04What short surname links all of these?
08:07An Austrian chemist who developed a process to convert bauxite into aluminium oxide in the 1880s.
08:13The German author of a 1603 Star Atlas whose designations, for example, Alpha Centauri, are still in use.
08:20And the German chemical company that first marketed aspirin.
08:23Darwin Stricken.
08:25Bosch.
08:26Darwin Afraid you lose five points.
08:27And whose headquarters are in...
08:29Edinburgh Ishwa.
08:30Bayer.
08:31Bayer is correct, yes.
08:32Your three questions, Edinburgh, are on physics.
08:35In physics, a parity transformation takes the coordinate x to minus x, y to minus y and z to minus
08:42z.
08:42What four-letter word describes a function or property which does not change under a parity transformation?
08:48Is it an identity or no?
08:50It's a four-letter word.
08:51Four-letter word.
08:52So, something that doesn't change.
08:54Like...
08:54Fix.
08:56Zero.
08:58Yeah, we should keep moving.
09:00It's even.
09:01In 1956, Qian Xiong Wu led a collaboration which conducted experiments showing that parity is not conserved in Beta Decay,
09:09for which she was later awarded the inaugural Wolf Prize.
09:12Which of the fundamental forces governs Beta Decay?
09:16It's B.
09:18The weak was strong.
09:19Yeah.
09:19Let's go with...
09:20I feel like...
09:21Which one do you feel more comfortable about?
09:23Weak?
09:23Yes, it is the weak force.
09:25The CPT theorem states that physical laws are symmetric under the combination of three transformations,
09:30with P referring to parity.
09:32Name either of the other transformations referred to in the CPT theorem.
09:37CPT.
09:38Comforty.
09:39I like complement.
09:40Charge.
09:42Is that a transformation?
09:43It's a type of transformation.
09:43It's a type of transformation.
09:45I mean, I'm just going to...
09:45Just as I can describe it.
09:46I think it would be charge.
09:48Charge.
09:49No, I can't accept that, I'm afraid.
09:50It's charge conjugation.
09:51Oh, come on.
09:52Sorry.
09:53But, like, another starter question.
09:54In what present-day landlocked country is the town of Kodok, known historically as Fashoda?
10:01In 1898, an expedition led by Jean-Baptiste Marchand provoked an international crisis when
10:06it raised the French flag there, attempting to forestall a British force from opening a...
10:11And a British what?
10:12India?
10:12No, I'm afraid you'll lose five points.
10:14Opening a corridor between Egypt and southern Africa.
10:16The crisis was resolved by demarcating British and French spheres of influence along the
10:21watersheds of the Congo and Nile rivers.
10:26Darwin White.
10:27Central African Republic.
10:28Bad, that is.
10:28South Sudan.
10:29Now, let's start the question.
10:30What noun, in either the singular or plural, appears in the titles of all of the following
10:35video games?
10:36A 1999 game developed by Acclaim Studios, the title of which is the alter ego of player character
10:42Michael Leroy?
10:44A 2005 game created by Fumito Ueda and developed by his studio, Team Ico.
10:50Shadow.
10:51Yes, those two games were Shadow Man and Shadow of the Colossus.
10:54Your bonus is Edinburgh, three questions on a novel.
10:57First published in 1952, Player Piano is the debut novel of which American writer?
11:02It's depiction of widespread unemployment caused by automation was inspired partially
11:06by this author's time working for General Electric.
11:09Is it one of the sci-fi guys like Kurt?
11:13Did it say the year?
11:1452.
11:1452.
11:15It's maybe a bit too late to be the first novel by Vonnegut.
11:20Bradbury?
11:21Maybe.
11:22I think it might be one of the two, but I don't know what it is.
11:24Go Bradbury.
11:25Bad luck it is Kurt Vonnegut.
11:26Bad luck.
11:27Player Piano is partially set in Ilium, a fictional town that also features in some of
11:32Vonnegut's other novels such as Cat's Cradle and Slaughterhouse Five and can be found
11:36in which US state?
11:37It is thought to be based on the real-life city of Schenectady.
11:41That's in New York, isn't it?
11:42Yeah, yeah, yeah.
11:43New York.
11:43Yes.
11:44In a 1973 interview, Vonnegut claimed that Player Piano, quote,
11:47cheerfully ripped off the plot of Brave New World, whose plot had been
11:51cheerfully ripped off from what novel by Evgeny Zamyatin?
11:54A we.
11:55OK.
11:56Nominate Amjad.
11:57Just we.
11:58Yes.
11:59Let's start with the question.
12:00In his book, The Embarrassment of Riches, historian Simon Sharma describes the depiction of a
12:05woman in a work by witch painter as, quote,
12:07The Embodiment of Domestic Virtues approach...
12:11Go and Cameron.
12:12Go and Cameron.
12:12I'm afraid you lose five points.
12:14By Worldly Weiss.
12:15Born in Harlem in 1609, the entirety of the artist's work was misattributed for over 200 years.
12:20In most cases, either to Franz Harls or to her husband, Jan Minzer Molinar.
12:27Edinburgh Leonard.
12:28Gentileski.
12:29No, it's Judith Leister.
12:30Let's start the question.
12:32In IUPAC notation, what two letters are used to classify stereoisomers...
12:37Don't win Strachan.
12:38R and S.
12:39I'm afraid you lose five points.
12:40Stereoisomers of alkenes, according to whether the higher priority substituent groups at each end of the double bond
12:46are on opposite sides of the bond or on the same side of the bond.
12:50The letters in question stand for the German words for opposite and together.
12:57Edinburgh Richards.
12:58A, M.
12:58No, it's E and Z.
13:00Fingers on buzzers.
13:01Here's another starter question.
13:02What name is shared by the early Christian leader who was the recipient of an epistle by Paul
13:07sent on behalf of his slave Onesimus and the figure in Greek mythology
13:11who unwittingly hosted the gods Zeus and Hermes in disguise and as a reward...
13:16Edinburgh Amchat.
13:18Philemon.
13:18It is indeed, yeah.
13:19Your bonuses, Edinburgh, are on work by Maurice Ravel that name other composers in their titles.
13:25A suite for solo piano by Ravel, completed in 1917, has the title Le Tombeau de...
13:30Which French Baroque composer?
13:32It has the form of a Baroque suite with its six movements dedicated to friends who died in World War
13:37I.
13:38Nominate Richards.
13:39Bernard.
13:40Yes.
13:40In 1909, Ravel composed a minuet on the name of...
13:44Which composer?
13:45To mark the centenary of his death.
13:46It uses a five note motif to represent his name.
13:49The first note of which is B natural, designated by the relevant letter in German notation.
13:54What was the year?
13:55A five letter A.
13:56I think B natural.
13:58Is that H?
13:59Is H.
14:00And a five letter A.
14:01Haydn.
14:02Yeah, Haydn.
14:03Well worked out, yeah.
14:04In 1922, Ravel wrote a basseuse on the name of which French composer who had been his teacher at the
14:09Paris Conservatoire?
14:10This composer wrote two well-known basseuses of his own, one of which forms part of his Dolly Suite.
14:17Debussy?
14:18I don't know.
14:19I don't recognise that as being Debussy.
14:20I don't know.
14:20I'm just guessing.
14:21He wrote a basseuse, but I don't think he...
14:23They wanted a French composer as well.
14:25I think Debussy.
14:25Go with Debussy.
14:26Sanson.
14:27Sanson.
14:28No, it's 4A.
14:29Let's start the question.
14:30Music round now.
14:31For your music starter, you're going to hear a piece of popular music.
14:34Ten points if you can name the artist.
14:51.
14:56Edinburgh Richards.
14:57Marvin Gaye.
14:57No, you can hear a bit more, Darwin, but not much.
15:01.
15:05No, I'll tell you.
15:06It was George McRae.
15:07We'll take your music bonuses when we get the next starter right.
15:10Francois Villon's 15th century Ballad of the Ladies of Bygone Times is an example of a poem described by what
15:16two-word Latin literary term?
15:19This term takes the form of a question lamenting the transitory nature of life and means, where are they?
15:25Darwin Cameron.
15:26Quo Valdis.
15:27No.
15:28You may not confer Edinburgh.
15:30You can have a guess if you want to.
15:31Edinburgh, I'm checked.
15:32Ubisunt.
15:33It is Ubisunt, yes.
15:34For your music starter, you heard George McRae's 1974 single, Rock Your Baby, one of the early hits to make
15:40use of the drum machine.
15:41For your bonus, three more tracks that featured the drum machine in the 1970s.
15:44In each case, I need you to name the band performing.
15:48Firstly, this group.
15:59The voice first ready for me.
16:01Put up a guess or we should keep moving.
16:03Come on.
16:03Yeah.
16:04Pass.
16:04Suicide.
16:05The song was Dream Baby Dream.
16:07Secondly, this band.
16:19Can with spoon and lastly
16:31In physiology, what is the main ion that moves into cells through GABA A receptors?
16:37Which are opened in response to the binding of gamma-aminobutyric acid.
16:41The same ion can exit the cell through the CFTR channel, functional de...
16:46Don't want to strike it. Chlorine.
16:48I'm afraid you'll lose five points. Functional defects of which result in cystic fibrosis.
16:54Edible Richards. Calcium?
16:56No, it's chloride. Bad luck, Lewis. I asked the ion which is chloride, as you clearly know from the way
17:02you're shaking your head.
17:03Let's start the question.
17:03What given name is shared by the directors of all of the following films?
17:08The 2024 film, Time Stalker.
17:10The 2022 film, Saint-Omer.
17:12The 2023 film, La Chimera.
17:15And the director of the 1900 film, La Fée au Chou, or The Cabbage Fairy.
17:19One of the earliest known narrative films.
17:23Isabella?
17:24No, I'm afraid you'll lose five points.
17:25And the first film credited as directed by a woman.
17:28The surnames of the directors in question are Lowe, Diop, Rewakka and Guy Blaché.
17:34Anyone?
17:37No, I'll tell you. It's Alice.
17:39Let's start the question.
17:40Alberto Caillero, a bucolic poet.
17:43Ricardo Reyes, a doctor and classicist.
17:45And Alvaro de Campos, a naval engineer, are among authorial personas created by which Portuguese writer?
17:52Who called them his heteronyms?
17:53His major works include the poetry collection Mensagem, or Message, and the fragmentary Book of Disquiet.
18:00Edinburgh, I'm Jack.
18:01Pessoa.
18:01It is Pessoa, well done.
18:03Your bonuses, Edinburgh, are three questions on a cycle.
18:06Which two German scientists give their names to a cycle used to visually represent the total lattice enthalpy of an
18:12ionic compound?
18:14Have we got anything?
18:15No, nothing.
18:15Pass.
18:16Bourne and Harbour.
18:17The Bourne-Harbour cycle is sometimes also named for which Polish scientist, who developed his own version of it,
18:23contemporaneously to Bourne and Harbour.
18:25Alongside Otto Göring, he also first identified protactinium in 1913.
18:30Oh, who would a Polish chemist be?
18:33Protactinium.
18:35Well, Curie?
18:36Anthropole?
18:36Could it be?
18:38Yeah.
18:39Curie.
18:40No, that was Casimir Fayanz.
18:41The cycle is an adaptation of which 19th century scientist's namesake law,
18:46stating that the total enthalpy change during a chemical reaction is independent of the order of steps taken.
18:52Yeah, that makes sense.
18:54Gibbs.
18:55No, that was Jermaine Hess.
18:56Oh.
18:56Let's start the question.
18:58What 14-letter word is used to indicate all of the following?
19:02In engineering, the component of a bridge that bears the live weight of a load.
19:06In sociology and philosophy, the cultural, religious and political institutions contrasted with the economic base.
19:12And in...
19:13Edinburgh Amjet.
19:14Super structure.
19:15It is indeed.
19:16Well done.
19:17Your bonuses, Edinburgh, are three questions on a citrus fruit and its descendants.
19:21Of uncertain origin, what is the common name of citrus maxima, a large citrus fruit native to Southeast Asia that
19:27is roughly pear-shaped with a thick, loose, yellow or greenish rind?
19:31Pomelo.
19:32Yes, correct.
19:33Which other large citrus fruit is believed to have originated in the West Indies through crossing a pomelo with a
19:38sweet orange?
19:39The juice of this fruit can block the action of some intestinal enzymes, meaning it can interfere with many medications.
19:45Grapefruit.
19:45Yes.
19:46A hybrid of a pomelo and a mandarin orange, citrus ex-orantium, or the bitter orange, is also commonly known
19:52by the name of which European city?
19:54Oh.
19:55Oh.
19:55Oh.
19:56Oh, my God.
19:57Oh, it's not Jaffa.
19:58Is it Seville?
19:59Seville, I know.
20:00Seville, yeah.
20:01Seville.
20:01Yes, it is.
20:02Well done.
20:03Picture round now.
20:04And for your picture starter, you're going to see a painting.
20:07For ten points, I need you to name its artist.
20:11Darwin Cameron.
20:13Titian.
20:13It is Titian.
20:14Well done.
20:15For your picture starter, you saw Titian's Diana and Action, one of a series of works the artist created for
20:20Philip II of Spain.
20:22For your picture bonuses, three more works of art made for rulers of countries that are not the country the
20:26artist was originally from.
20:28In each case, I need you to name the artist.
20:30First, the sculptor of this piece intended for Francis I of France.
20:35Cellini.
20:36Yes.
20:37Secondly, the Italian-born painter of this portrait of the Chanlong Emperor.
20:41Pass.
20:42That's Castiglione.
20:42Lastly, the artist behind this portrait of Anne of Cleves.
20:46Holbein.
20:46Yes, specifically Holbein Miranda.
20:49Let's start the question.
20:50From the Latin for to turn, what words original usage in English denotes a rendering of some text from one
20:56language into another
20:57and is represented in the abbreviations NIV and KJV?
21:02Darwin Cameron.
21:03Version.
21:03It is indeed.
21:04Your bonuses are on French road bicycle racing terms.
21:08All three answers begin with the letter P.
21:09What term is used to describe a powerful rider who can accelerate quickly and who specialises in short, sharp climbs?
21:15Examples of this type of rider include Peter Sagan and Philippe Gilbert.
21:20Pass.
21:20I'll tell you, that's Puncher.
21:22What term is used to refer to a professional cyclist's racing achievements denoting both overall race and stage wins?
21:28Collective or something like that.
21:30It begins with P.
21:32Pass.
21:32I'll tell you, it's Palmares.
21:34Finally, what term is used to describe a type of uneven terrain associated with a Paris-Roubaix and Tour of
21:39Flanders races?
21:40I don't even know if there's a lot of theories.
21:43Pass.
21:44I'll tell you, it's Parve.
21:45Fingers on puzzles.
21:46In graph theory, which Swiss mathematician gives his name to a path that visits every edge exactly once?
21:53Darwin, Niva, hair take.
21:55Oh, in there?
21:55Yes, it is.
21:56Your focus is on a few questions on pairs of names of places and people where one can be made
22:01by doubling a letter found in the other.
22:04Name and spell both from the descriptions.
22:07First, a national park in North Rhine-Westphalia named after the plateau region that extends into eastern Belgium and northern
22:13Luxembourg
22:13and the surname of a French engineer born in 1832 who specialised in metal structures.
22:19So is that Eiffel or is...
22:22Eiffel and...
22:22Eiffel and...
22:23Eiffel with WF.
22:25Yeah.
22:25Eiffel and Eiffel.
22:27E-I-F-F-E-L and E-I-F-E-L.
22:30Correct. Well done.
22:32Second, an influential New York rapper who released his debut album Illmatic in 1994 and the county town of Kildare
22:38in Ireland.
22:40Nominate Niva Hurtig.
22:41Naz Anais, N-A-A-S.
22:44N-A-S for the first one.
22:45Correct.
22:46Finally, the surname of an English cardinal and the last Roman Catholic Archbishop of Canterbury,
22:50a position he held during the reign of Mary I and a coastal town in Dorset adjoining Bournemouth to its
22:55east.
22:55Is it Poole?
22:56Poole and Poole with double O.
22:57OK.
22:58P-O-L-E and P-O-O-L-E.
23:01Well done. Fantastic.
23:02Let's start the question.
23:03A vegetation-covered sandy ridge known as the Great Barrier separates which body of water into its northern and southern
23:10portions,
23:11the latter of which receives the vast majority of its water from the Komodugu Yobe and Shari rivers?
23:18Edinburgh Richards.
23:19The Yokovingo Delta.
23:20No.
23:22Darwin White.
23:23The Gulf of Thailand.
23:24No, it's Lake Chad.
23:25Another start of the question.
23:25In mechanics, what effect, represented by the Greek letter tau, is calculated by multiplying the applied force by its distance
23:33from a fulcrum?
23:34One of its names is taken from a Latin word meaning to twist or turn.
23:38No, it needs a headache.
23:39Twition.
23:40No, I'm afraid you lose five points.
23:42And gives its name to a type of wrench.
23:44Edinburgh Leonard.
23:45Torque.
23:46It is torque.
23:46Bad luck, darling.
23:47Bad luck.
23:48Three questions for you, Edinburgh, on physical geography.
23:50In hydrology, what seven letter term of Latin origin is used to denote a layer of underground permeable rock that
23:56stores a significant amount of groundwater?
23:59Yes.
23:59Aquifer.
24:00Yeah.
24:01Aquifer.
24:01Yes.
24:02What short name is given specifically to a type of water supply system developed in ancient Iran, and found across
24:07the Middle East,
24:07that involves digging a deep well to an aquifer in elevated land, and channeling the water downhill through a series
24:13of sloping tunnels?
24:15Nominate Ishaar.
24:15Kanat.
24:16Correct.
24:16Well done.
24:17After a historical area of northern France, what word describes a well into which water flows from the aquifer without
24:23pumping?
24:24That is, by natural pressure.
24:25I know this.
24:26I know this.
24:26It's not like Normandy or Brittany or anything like that, is it?
24:29Oh, my God.
24:30I know this.
24:30Come on.
24:32Brittany.
24:32No, it's artesian.
24:33Another starter question.
24:34The Decemberist revolt of 1825 was a failed uprising in St. Petersburg by liberal dissidents against which new Tsar, who
24:43was to ascend to the throne following the death of his brother, Alexander I?
24:48Alexander II.
24:49No, anyone from Darwin?
24:51Nicholas I.
24:53Nicholas I.
24:53Is correct.
24:54Your three bonuses are on people who are the subjects of essays in the 2023 Adam Schatz book, Writers and
24:59Missionaries, Essays on the Radical Imagination.
25:01Five points for each person that you can identify.
25:04First, an American writer born 1908 whose works exploring race relations in the USA include the 1940 novel Native Son
25:10and the 1950s.
25:11Richard Wright.
25:12Yes.
25:12Secondly, an Algerian writer and journalist born 1970, his 2013 novel The Merceau Investigation is a continuation of Camus' L
25:19'Etranger that gives a name and identity to the man murdered in that novel.
25:23Pass.
25:23That's Carmel Daoud.
25:25And finally, a Palestinian American academic and literary critic born 1935 whose works include The World, The Text and The
25:30Critic, Culture and Imperialism.
25:31Saeed.
25:32Yes, Edward Saeed.
25:33Let's start the question.
25:34What surname is shared by the following literary characters?
25:37Kathleen, the runaway former mistress of a king in F. Scott's Fitzgerald's The Last Tycoon.
25:41Robert, a Yorkshire mill owner in Charlotte Bronte's Shirley.
25:45And the twice...
25:46Darwin Cameron.
25:46Moore.
25:47Yes.
25:47Your bonuses are on fashion houses name checked in the 1979 Sister Sledge song, He's the Greatest Dancer.
25:53In each case, I need you to name the house from a description.
25:56First, the Italian maker of jeans and casual wear who is said to have, quote,
25:59made me hardcore according to the title of a 1999 work of video art by Mark Lecky.
26:04Its founder and namesake died in 2015.
26:06Versace.
26:07No, it's Fiorucci.
26:08Secondly, the house founded by a name for the mononymous American designer known for creating Jacqueline Kennedy's pillbox hat and
26:13his use of the material ultra-thuede.
26:15What?
26:15OK.
26:17A pass.
26:17Halston.
26:18Lastly, the fashion house founded in Florence in 1921, whose notable designs include the 1947 bamboo handbag.
26:24Anything...
26:24Ishiwashi.
26:25It's Gucci.
26:26Another starter question.
26:27With examples including the Sandmeyer, the Hel-Wolhard-Zalinski and the Hunsdike reactions, what name is given to the category
26:34of substitution reactions in which fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine is introduced...
26:40Edinburgh M chat.
26:41Halogenation.
26:41It is halogenation.
26:42Your bonus is Edinburgh.
26:44Three questions on UNESCO World Heritage Sites in Mexico.
26:46Bordering Guatemala, Veracruz and Oaxaca, what southern state is the location of the Mayan city Palenque, which flourished between 500
26:53and 700 CE?
26:54What were the three states?
26:56What were the three states?
26:57Yeah, that's Chiapas.
26:58Nominate Richards.
26:59Chiapas.
27:00A UNESCO site south-eastern Mexico City comprises a number of 16th century monasteries on the slopes of which volcano,
27:06the second highest peak in the country?
27:07I don't know the name.
27:09I don't think.
27:10It's Popocatepetel.
27:11A biosphere reserve north-west of Mexico City is named after what large species of the order Lepidoptera the insects
27:16spend winter and is reserved before migrating to eastern Canada?
27:19It's monarch butterfly.
27:20Definitely monarch.
27:21Yes.
27:21Monarch butterfly.
27:22Another starter question.
27:23Consider the regnal names of French monarchs between 1500 and 1790.
27:28In total during this period, how many kings named Louis occupied the throne?
27:32And out of the ball, Darwin have 110 and Erdogan have 155.
27:40Well, the answer, I'm afraid, sorry, Louis, was five.
27:44Oh, Darwin, what a run you've had.
27:46Just a couple of starters where I totally understand why you went for the interruptions because you were behind.
27:53And chlorine chloride.
27:54So you knew that.
27:55And there were a couple of others that you had to have a punt on.
27:57But you were brave to do it and you were right to do it.
27:59But you were beaten by a fantastic team, playing brilliant well, which I know is not much consolation.
28:03But have you vaguely enjoyed the experience?
28:06Very much.
28:07It's been great, yeah.
28:07Fantastic.
28:08Well, we've loved getting to know you.
28:09Thank you so much for being such great players.
28:11Edinburgh, congratulations.
28:12I mean, 155 at this stage of the competition with such a strong performance against a team of that calibre.
28:17It's brilliant.
28:17You've made it through to the final.
28:19Congratulations.
28:19We shall see you again.
28:21I hope you can join us next time for the second of this year's semifinals.
28:24But until then, it is goodbye from Darwin College, Cambridge.
28:27Goodbye.
28:28It's goodbye for now from Edinburgh.
28:29Goodbye.
28:30And it's goodbye from me.
28:31Goodbye.
29:01Goodbye.
29:02Bye.
29:02Bye.
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