- 7 hours ago
- #brightside
- #brightsideglobal
In this video, we will explore the consequences of such a hypothetical scenario, which would be devastating for life on our planet. We will also see how far Earth could go before it becomes completely uninhabitable.
#brightside #brightsideglobal
TIMESTAMPS:
0:01 What if Earth shifted away from the Sun
08:45 What if Columbus never reached the Americas
17:37 What if we lived on a planet with no Sun
This video is made for entertainment purposes. We do not make any warranties about the completeness, safety and reliability. Any action you take upon the information in this video is strictly at your own risk, and we will not be liable for any damages or losses. It is the viewer's responsibility to use judgement, care and precaution if you plan to replicate.
#brightside #brightsideglobal
TIMESTAMPS:
0:01 What if Earth shifted away from the Sun
08:45 What if Columbus never reached the Americas
17:37 What if we lived on a planet with no Sun
This video is made for entertainment purposes. We do not make any warranties about the completeness, safety and reliability. Any action you take upon the information in this video is strictly at your own risk, and we will not be liable for any damages or losses. It is the viewer's responsibility to use judgement, care and precaution if you plan to replicate.
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FunTranscript
00:00It's becoming colder by the minute.
00:02The temperature drops below zero very quickly.
00:05And although there's no snow, the cold is becoming unbearable.
00:10Hoarfrost appears on the ground, the grass, and the trees.
00:14And ice forms on bodies of water at an incredible rate.
00:19Shivering people all over the planet raise their eyes to the sky.
00:24And their jaws drop in disbelief.
00:27The sun has become twice as small as it used to be.
00:31It now looks like a distant speck.
00:34And it won't be able to heat the earth any longer.
00:37But the worst thing is, there's a huge blazing rock coming right at the horrified spectators from the sky.
00:43And the impact with that thing will undoubtedly do a lot of damage.
00:49Okay, let's go back to our objective reality.
00:52The earth is exactly in the sweet spot of our solar system.
00:56It's neither too close nor too far from the sun.
01:00Making the temperature on our planet not just tolerable, but rather pleasant.
01:06Scientists often call Venus, the second planet from the sun, our earth's evil twin.
01:12Because it's so hot and inhospitable that no life is possible on it.
01:17Of course, there are thick clouds in its atmosphere that rain acid.
01:22And the greenhouse gases raise the temperature on the surface to unbearable values.
01:27But even if Venus didn't have those, nothing would still be able to live there because of the proximity to
01:33the sun.
01:34If there was any liquid water, it would evaporate too quickly.
01:39Leaving life no chance to develop.
01:42On the other hand, Mars, going next in line after Earth, is a bit too far away from the sun,
01:49which makes it cold and lonely.
01:51The temperature on its surface is below freezing, and it never warms up enough for water to stay liquid for
01:57long.
01:58That's not to mention the lack of atmosphere on the red planet, the element that provides the Earth with breathable
02:05air.
02:06So, if our planet shifted closer to or farther away from the sun, its temperature would either rise or fall
02:15respectively.
02:16A few hundred miles wouldn't make much difference.
02:20The circling of Earth around the sun is uneven anyway, and we constantly get nearer to our star or fly
02:27a bit away from it.
02:29The distance that would matter is measured in millions of miles.
02:33And, yeah, just like I showed you at the beginning of this video, we'd see the sun a lot smaller
02:39than we do now if we went that far.
02:41The temperatures might not fall at the exact moment of the shift, as there would still be some warmth left.
02:48But in the following winter, our planet would probably stay cold forever.
02:52However, the oceans would be covered with ice, and the overall sea level would drop.
02:59And, ultimately, the ice would reflect more of the sun's heat back into the atmosphere and space,
03:05not allowing the surface of our planet to get the necessary warmth.
03:10And more ice means less water vapor in the atmosphere.
03:15Water vapor captures heat, too, creating clouds.
03:19So, the colder it is, the less rain.
03:21The cold and the lack of rain would not let any plants survive for long.
03:26So, the areas of icy and barren landscape would grow fast, leaving only the areas along the banks of rivers
03:34intact for a while.
03:37After some time, the rivers would stop running, too, either frozen or dried out because of losing their sources, lakes,
03:45and seas,
03:46which would, of course, freeze as well.
03:48Any life dwelling near them would disappear.
03:52Plants first, and with them, everything else, since plants produce both food and breathable air.
03:58And with that, the Earth would become a frozen wasteland.
04:04As for the giant blazing rock I mentioned, it was an asteroid coming from outer space because of the shift
04:10of our planet's orbit.
04:12Jupiter, the largest planet in our solar system, acts as a natural shield for us against space rocks.
04:19It has a huge mass, and most asteroids flinging from outer space get caught in its gravity and fall on
04:25its surface.
04:26There's no life possible on Jupiter, and its surface is gaseous, so asteroids tend to disappear in it without a
04:34trace.
04:36Still, some manage to get past Jupiter, where Mars comes into play.
04:41It also contributes to our defense by holding the asteroid belt between itself and Jupiter in place.
04:48The two planets' combined mass creates a gravitational field that doesn't allow the asteroids from the belt to fly in
04:55random directions,
04:57hitting everything in their path.
04:58If there was no Mars between us and the belt, we'd be used to meteor showers almost more than actual
05:05rains.
05:08Say the Earth has replaced Mars in its orbit, and now we're hundreds of millions of miles farther away from
05:15the Sun.
05:16The mass of the Earth is more or less similar to that of Mars, so the asteroid belt is still
05:22in its place.
05:23The temperatures will still fall, though, and life will soon go extinct.
05:28But if Mars stayed where it is, and the Earth just shifted away, it would be a recipe for disaster.
05:35There's no chance the planets would orbit the Sun at the same rate, because their mass is not equal.
05:41At some point, they would collide with each other.
05:45Taking their speed into account, they'd both crack and shatter, perhaps creating another asteroid belt in our solar system.
05:53It would be no more hopeful for us if the Earth decided to jump closer to the Sun.
05:59Apart from the star seeming more like a giant pitiless blazing ball in the sky,
06:04its heat would melt the glaciers on our planet, making sea levels rise abruptly.
06:10The water would flood major parts of the continents, and more surfaces of the planet would be covered with water,
06:17which means more heat absorption.
06:19That would bring about a further rise in the temperature.
06:22Also, those large bodies of water would evaporate like crazy,
06:27releasing tons of water vapor and carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.
06:32Carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas that absorbs heat, and so does water vapor.
06:38Together, they would trap more and more of the Sun's warmth,
06:42creating thick, roiling clouds in the sky, almost like on Venus, but without the acid.
06:48And that thick blanket of clouds would also contribute to heating the surface of our planet.
06:55In the end, the entire Earth would heat up so much that life on its surface would become unbearable for
07:02most.
07:03Only the sturdiest of creatures would be able to survive temperatures so high.
07:07Those that dwell in our deserts, for example.
07:11Despite the rainfall, which wouldn't cease as in the cold scenario,
07:15plants would still have difficulty adapting to the new and hot environments.
07:20The ones in the cooler regions of the planet would be the first to wilt and go.
07:25But then, plants from the moderate and, finally, tropical climes would also give up.
07:31And, yet again, the Earth would turn into a barren ball of rock,
07:35only this time an overheated one rather than frozen.
07:40Our planet's distance from the Sun, its tilt, its speed of rotation around its own axis,
07:46its orbit around the Sun, and even the presence of the Moon in its skies.
07:51All of that is crucial for life on Earth to exist.
07:55For instance, if the planet wasn't tilted relative to the Sun,
07:59it would be unbearably hot on the equator and impossibly cold at the poles.
08:04The seasons would also stop changing,
08:06dividing the Earth into strips of endless summer and winter.
08:12Our planet is heated up evenly from all sides,
08:15with the current tilt and rotation, like you would roast a barbecue.
08:19It turns to the Sun with one side to warm it up,
08:22while the other cools down during the night.
08:25Were there no change of night and day,
08:27we'd probably only live in some areas of our planet,
08:31where constant, never-ending twilight would be.
08:34Just imagine our life without those beautiful sunrises and sunsets.
08:38Maybe we'll just let it stay as it is, okay?
08:44It was hot in the tropics,
08:47a type of heat unknown to the men aboard the Niña,
08:50the Pinta, and the Santa Maria ships,
08:52led by Italian explorer Christopher Columbus.
08:56It had been months since these men left their home cities in Europe,
09:00and until then, Europe was all they knew.
09:03They were given a difficult and even dangerous task.
09:06Spain hired Columbus to find a new western route to Asia.
09:10They needed new routes for trading and buying spices,
09:13but it was far from a simple job.
09:16I mean, crossing the ocean never is.
09:20Little did those sailors know that their lives were about to change forever.
09:24Land in sight!
09:26Someone must have shouted on board.
09:28But when they finally stepped on that new foreign land,
09:31they discovered they were not in Asia.
09:33They had landed in the Americas.
09:37You've probably heard this tale before.
09:40Historically speaking, Columbus arrived in the Americas in 1492.
09:44But what would have happened if Columbus' ship had faced a lethal storm in the Atlantic Ocean
09:50and had never made it to the new land?
09:53What would today's history look like?
09:56First things first, nobody discovered anything.
10:00When we say that the Americas were discovered,
10:02we're kind of ignoring the millions of people who already lived there.
10:06You see, the Americas were only discovered from Europe's point of view.
10:10Columbus would only have discovered something if when he got there,
10:14he was faced with acres and acres of empty land.
10:18But that was not the case at all.
10:20Second, Columbus was not the first explorer to land in the Americas.
10:25Believe it or not, the Vikings approached American shores in the 10th century.
10:30Their expeditions have been well documented and accepted by scholars.
10:35Here's what might have happened.
10:37Around the year 1000 CE,
10:39Viking explorer Leif Erikson sailed to a place called Vinland.
10:43Cute name, huh?
10:44It's now a region in Canada called Newfoundland.
10:48But his crew didn't stay too long.
10:50They arrived to find 10 Native Americans napping under their overturned canoes.
10:55They attempted some trade,
10:57but I'm guessing the Vikings weren't too friendly,
10:59and the Americans didn't really like them.
11:01The Vikings' account of the encounter shows they felt outnumbered and menaced.
11:06So they sailed away back to their land.
11:09That makes sense, right?
11:11As I said earlier,
11:13there were millions of people living in the ginormous continent of the Americas.
11:17Any foreigner would be outnumbered there.
11:20Now take a look at what North America looked like before our buddy Chris got there.
11:25It was not divided into the normal states we're used to.
11:29And if Columbus had never arrived,
11:32the United States would probably never have been united to begin with.
11:35After all,
11:37there were hundreds of first Americans living in these lands,
11:39and they lived amongst their own tribes.
11:42Quite different from the Europeans.
11:45It's not accurate to think that there were no political systems going on in the Americas
11:49before Europeans arrived.
11:51We just need to understand that they were different from what we're used to today.
11:56When Europeans arrived,
11:57they imported their belief systems with them,
12:00from religious beliefs and language systems
12:02to things as simple as clothing habits.
12:05If the Americas had developed on their own,
12:08maybe their sense of fashion would be completely different today.
12:11You see,
12:12Europeans had a developed sense of fashion by the time they arrived in the West.
12:17They wore things such as this and this.
12:20But those don't really work in the tropics, do they?
12:23For them,
12:24fashion had to do with showing a certain economic status.
12:27While in the Americas,
12:29that didn't exist.
12:32For Native Americans,
12:34clothing was mainly functional and related to the weather.
12:36In warmer climates,
12:38Native people would wear short-like cloths to cover their intimate parts.
12:42They would walk bare-chested and use shoes known as moccasins.
12:46Yes,
12:47similar to the moccasins you probably own.
12:49In colder climates,
12:51they would resort to using leather and fur parkas.
12:54Of course,
12:54there was always the special clothing used for ceremonial purposes.
12:58So I'm guessing that if Columbus never reached the Americas,
13:02brands such as The Gap,
13:04Hollister,
13:04and Forever 21 would have never existed.
13:07But we could live with that,
13:08couldn't we?
13:10Here's a wild thought.
13:11Let's say that by the 1700s,
13:14Native Americans had developed complex engineering skills.
13:17They built big boats,
13:19maybe a bit smaller in size than the traditional European ships,
13:22and decided to venture across the ocean.
13:25Let's say they were the ones who arrived on European shores,
13:29in places such as Spain and Portugal.
13:32They carried gifts and goods with them for trading, of course.
13:35This was also a common practice amongst them back home,
13:39known as potlatch.
13:41Sure,
13:41they were received with suspicion by the Europeans,
13:44who had only ever traded with Asia.
13:46But with this inverted encounter,
13:48a different type of relationship began between Native Americans and Europeans.
13:54Since Europeans didn't claim ownership of the Americas,
13:57the people from the so-called New Land weren't considered inferior to them.
14:02Actually,
14:03they stood side by side as equals,
14:05each one with their own power and set of knowledge.
14:08Native Americans taught Europeans a new type of ruling system,
14:12a more decentralized one.
14:13So modern-day structures of government would look really different.
14:17Maybe Europeans decided that four years was a long time for someone to hold decision power.
14:23So they implemented smaller and more frequent elections.
14:28Oh,
14:28and the landscape of European cities also changed a lot.
14:31Instead of huge statues made of copper and bronze,
14:34showing men and ships on their way to the Americas,
14:37the Europeans built totem poles,
14:39in honor of their alliances with first Americans.
14:42In terms of medical and medicinal knowledge,
14:45they had a lot to exchange about.
14:47While Europeans were making advances in traditional medicine,
14:51Americans had developed an impressive knowledge of herbs that could heal a series of things.
14:56Before they knew it,
14:57Europeans were selling different varieties of plants in their pharmaceutical establishments.
15:02They had one big barrier, though.
15:05Language.
15:06Since Europeans never arrived on American shores,
15:09they also never taught their language to Americans.
15:12So maybe in this scenario,
15:14both cultures brought in their best linguists and tried creating a new language from scratch.
15:19Something that could be comprehensible from both perspectives,
15:22and that could encompass both of their worldviews.
15:26The implications of this on modern-day life would be really profound if you stopped to think about it.
15:32Let's say that this newly created language involved some symbols and drawings in it.
15:37You see, Native Americans often told stories using symbols known as pictograms.
15:43They were quite literal sometimes.
15:45As you can see, a mountain was represented by, well, a mountain.
15:49It's crazy to think that this system of communication has been around for 5,000 years,
15:54since it was actually invented by the Sumerians.
15:58And hey, maybe even our laptop keyboards would come equipped with these symbols,
16:02and you could write more visually hybrid and fun emails than the ones you write today.
16:08The American landscape would have also changed.
16:11You see, if neither Columbus nor any of the other European dudes that went after him reached the so-called
16:16new land,
16:17Central and Latin American cities would look completely different than they do today.
16:23Maybe the bustling empires of the time, such as the Inca, the Maya, and the Aztec, would have grown immensely.
16:30To be fair, they were already pretty big by the time Europeans got there.
16:34Some pre-Columbian Maya cities were as big as medieval London and Paris in terms of population.
16:41But oh my, the Mayan Empire would have grown so much that it could have spread out all over of
16:46Central America.
16:48They could have developed their pyramid building craft up to the point that they managed to build an even larger
16:53pyramid than the Giza Pyramid in Egypt.
16:56So tourists would come from all over the world to visit.
17:00Ah, and in South America, let's just say the region could have turned into a huge forest, bigger than the
17:06Amazon.
17:07The Inca could have spread through the Andes and then into the mainland.
17:11Places such as Brazil and Argentina never existed.
17:14But in their place, there would have been dreamy tropical settlements, which would have become a worldwide reference in sustainable
17:23living.
17:25Ah, consider the rogue planet, the cosmic wanderer that nobody wants to take home.
17:31Basically, a rogue planet is a planet that has been ejected from its own star system and is now floating
17:37aimlessly through space like a cosmic loner.
17:40These planets aren't just a theory. Scientists have actually detected some in our galaxy.
17:46In fact, estimates suggest that there may be lots of these cosmic nomads floating around the Milky Way.
17:53And they aren't just small rocky worlds like Earth.
17:56Some of them are actually massive gas giants, many times larger than Jupiter.
18:01These behemoths could potentially have their own moons, and even their own mini-systems orbiting around them.
18:08For example, one of the most famous rogue planets we know of has a complicated name.
18:14Here, you read it for yourself.
18:16It's located about 80 light-years away from Earth, and it was discovered in 2013.
18:21This rogue planet is estimated to be around 6 times the mass of Jupiter, and is believed to be around
18:2812 million years old.
18:29And yes, just because these cosmic loners don't have a star, it doesn't mean they're super cold.
18:36They can still generate heat and light from their own internal processes.
18:40Some may even have magnetic fields and auroras, just like Earth.
18:44In other words, rogue planets could potentially be habitable, if they have the right conditions.
18:50So, what would life on such a planet look like?
18:54And could we potentially live in such a world?
18:57Well, living on a rogue planet can be a lonely existence.
19:01They have no warm sun to bask in, no cozy atmosphere to cuddle up in, and no cosmic neighbors to
19:08have barbecue with.
19:09That's why we'd have to get creative.
19:12Let's start with the most obvious problem.
19:14We'd have a hard time without light and heat.
19:17So, how do we fix this?
19:18Well, we'd probably have to invest in some really fancy space heaters and wear fashionable super-warm spacesuits.
19:26Or we could invent a whole new way to generate electricity without relying on solar power.
19:32For example, how about using geothermal energy?
19:36Now that's hot stuff!
19:37Each planet has an internal source of heat.
19:41Without it, they would all be nothing more than cold, lifeless rocks floating through space.
19:46This internal heat can be harnessed and used to power everything, from homes to factories to spaceships.
19:53It's like having a hot tub big enough to power an entire city.
19:57And that city, most likely, will be located underground, closer to the heat source.
20:03And as for light, well, we'd probably have to build some really bright flashlights.
20:09Or maybe even learn to genetically engineer some bioluminescent organisms to light up our homes.
20:15Just imagine, space space is overgrown with neon mushrooms and plants.
20:20By the way, speaking of plants, plant life would be pretty hard to come by without a star.
20:25So, what would we eat?
20:27Well, we could use the same geothermal vents that we talked about, or some chemical reactions, to sustain ourselves.
20:34And hey, maybe we'd develop a taste for sulfur-rich foods.
20:38Or we'd start fermenting our own drinks from the bubbling volcanic mud.
20:43Yum!
20:45But besides food, we'd have a more important problem.
20:48Living on a rogue planet would be breathtaking.
20:51Literally, we'd have no air.
20:53You see, not all rogue planets have good, stable atmospheres.
20:57It all depends on their size, composition, and other things.
21:01But even if our new home does have an atmosphere, it may be incredibly thin and unstable.
21:07We'd have no pretty blue skies or dramatic sunsets to admire.
21:12Instead, we'd be staring out into the infinite void of space, where the stars would be brighter than ever before.
21:19And forget about weather patterns.
21:21Without an atmosphere to create them, we'd have no rain, no snow, and no thunderstorms.
21:27And that's just some minor problems.
21:29What's worse, the temperature on the planet would be wildly fluctuating, swinging from unbearable heat to unbearable cold.
21:37It would be like living in an oven that's always being turned on and off.
21:41And finally, we'd be exposed to all kinds of space debris and cosmic radiation.
21:46So, if you don't want to get crispy, you might want to invest in some serious SPF.
21:52So, how do we fix it?
21:54Well, we'd have to find a way to generate our own oxygen, and probably create something like a space-age
22:01biosphere.
22:02For example, we could grow some plants that could produce oxygen.
22:06Or we'd learn to filter the air like a high-tech air purifier.
22:10Finally, we have the last most important problem, finding water.
22:15And here's where the underwater oceans come to our aid.
22:18Now, we're really diving deep into the possibilities.
22:21Nyuk nyuk.
22:22But seriously, scientists suggest that some of these planets may indeed have underwater oceans.
22:28It would be like living on a giant water balloon that's been buried underground, with the ground beneath your feet
22:35made of ice and rock.
22:37In other words, we could just tap into these underground oceans.
22:40They could provide us with a source of water for drinking, farming, and manufacturing.
22:45Maybe even with some other resources and materials we've never seen before.
22:49And by the way, who knows what kind of strange creatures might be lurking in those underground seas.
22:56But don't worry.
22:57Even if we don't have any underground oasis, there are also other options.
23:03We could get some water from comets, ice mining, and even from the atmosphere, the one we just created before.
23:10Finally, we need to find and mine some resources to build our homes and other stuff.
23:15And a rogue planet might not have the same kinds of resources as a planet that orbits a star.
23:21It's like trying to find some treasures in a desert.
23:24Not exactly a sure thing.
23:26We may have to rely on resources from nearby asteroids and things like that.
23:31And if we want to extract resources from the planet itself, we might need to drill down through miles of
23:37ice and rock.
23:38But hey, if you're up for the challenge, there'll always be a chance you'll strike it rich on a rogue
23:44planet.
23:44And who knows?
23:46Maybe you'll discover some new resources that are even more valuable than gold or diamonds.
23:51Great!
23:52Looks like we've solved the most important problems.
23:55Now, there may be other small difficulties.
23:57For example, we'd also have to deal with some seriously long days and nights, depending on how fast our planet
24:04was rotating.
24:05And we wouldn't have a normal, regular day-night cycle.
24:08The rotation of our planet could be wildly unpredictable.
24:12Maybe we'd have weeks-long nights, followed by weeks-long days, which could really mess with our sleep schedules.
24:19We might have to develop some really strong coffee to keep us going through those long, dark nights.
24:24But, hypothetically, we can adapt to all these things and overcome all the challenges.
24:30And now, finally, welcome to the rogue planet, where the sun never rises, but the adventures never end.
24:37Thanks to our advanced technology, we've managed to create a comfortable and habitable environment in this once barren world.
24:45The sky above us is now a beautiful shade of blue, filled with fluffy white clouds and the occasional flock
24:52of flying creatures.
24:53Don't ask.
24:54As we venture out from our underground habitats, we're greeted by a world that's full of surprises.
25:01Strange plants and animals have adapted to the unique conditions of this planet, some with bioluminescent features that glow in
25:08the dark.
25:09And be careful if you want to go swimming in the underground ocean.
25:12They might be home to some bizarre creatures who want to feast on…
25:17Well, we'll come back to that.
25:19Maybe.
25:20As you can see, we've created sprawling cities and thriving communities, powered by the planet's geothermal energy.
25:27We also created a bunch of artificial light sources that keep things bright throughout the dark, chilly nights.
25:34Of course, we still have some problems with navigation and timekeeping.
25:38But things aren't as dull as they used to be, are they?
25:40Overall, living on a rogue planet would definitely have its challenges.
25:45But it could also be a pretty exciting way to experience the universe.
25:50And who knows?
25:51Maybe someday we'll find such a planet and actually turn it into a bustling intergalactic metropolis someday.
25:58But until then, let's enjoy and tidy up our dear Earth.
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