- 9 hours ago
- #brightside
- #brightsideglobal
In this video, we will imagine the consequences of such a scenario, which would be nothing short of catastrophic. We will see how Jupiter's immense gravity, radiation, and atmosphere would affect the Earth, the Sun, and the rest of the solar system. #brightside #brightsideglobal TIMESTAMPS: 0:01 Replaced Moon 08:02 Replaced Sun 17:32 No Sun This video is made for entertainment purposes. We do not make any warranties about the completeness, safety and reliability. Any action you take upon the information in this video is strictly at your own risk, and we will not be liable for any damages or losses. It is the viewer's responsibility to use judgement, care and precaution if you plan to replicate.
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00:00The Moon is the Earth's closest space neighbor and its only natural satellite.
00:05It likely formed when a huge, Mars-sized object crashed into our planet billions of years ago.
00:11I wasn't around then.
00:13This catastrophe turned Earth into a scorching ball of molten rock.
00:17It also pushed some material into its orbit, creating the Moon.
00:21Now, this heavily cratered sphere moves around our planet.
00:25This causes high and low tides around the globe.
00:28A bit more than one-fourth the size of Earth is the fifth-largest natural satellite in the solar system.
00:34The Moon has several phases.
00:36For example, new, full, or crescent Moon, first and last quarter.
00:41But whatever the satellite looks like, you can always find it in the night sky, and sometimes even during the
00:47day.
00:48But imagine waking up at night and noticing that the Moon looks somewhat different than usual.
00:55It seems brighter and bigger.
00:57It's hardly noticeable, especially when you're half-asleep.
01:01You go back to bed, unaware that instead of the Moon, you've just seen Mercury.
01:07Close up, this planet, the nearest to the Sun, is similar to our natural satellite.
01:12Its surface is littered with craters left by space rocks.
01:16Mercury is about two-fifths the size of our planet, but it's still a bit larger than the Moon.
01:21That's why the planet would have a greater influence on Earth.
01:25Nights would become brighter.
01:27High tides would become higher.
01:29And low tides, what do you think, lower?
01:31Yep.
01:31The lunar cycle, that's the time the Moon, or rather Mercury now, needs to go through all the phases, would
01:38become 14 hours shorter.
01:40But all in all, such a replacement wouldn't have any drastic consequences for our planet.
01:45But then, how about Venus?
01:48What if, instead of the familiar satellite, we swap in the third-brightest natural object after the Sun and the
01:54Moon?
01:55It's often called Earth's sister planet, because their mass and size are nearly the same.
02:01Venus would be as large in our sky as Earth once appeared to the Apollo astronauts when they looked at
02:06it from the Moon's surface.
02:07The morning star would be much brighter than the Moon.
02:11For one thing, the planet reflects six times more sunlight.
02:14Plus, it would occupy an area at least 16 times larger.
02:18That's why nights on Earth would be as bright as early twilight now.
02:22If you looked at Venus, you'd spot vague, swirling patterns in the planet's yellowish-white cloud cover.
02:29Venus wouldn't become Earth's satellite.
02:31The two planets would likely orbit around their common center of mass, and this orbit would be quite eccentric.
02:37Like me.
02:38But if Venus moved with the same speed as the Moon has now, the two planets would crash into each
02:44other in the nearest future.
02:46Uh-oh.
02:47Okay, let's pull another switcheroo.
02:49If Mars was up there in the sky instead of the Moon, you'd surely notice it.
02:54Even without a telescope, you'd be able to marvel at its unusual color and dark spots on its surface.
03:00And even if you didn't see the red planet, you'd still feel something unusual.
03:05Mars is half of Earth's size, but several times larger than the Moon.
03:10Replacing a smaller space body with a much bigger one would upset the delicate balance on our planet.
03:16If you were unlucky to be at the seaside when Mars took the Moon's place, you'd have to evacuate as
03:22soon as possible.
03:23Massive waves would rise in the oceans under Martian influence.
03:27They would crash against the shoreline like the largest tsunamis.
03:30Mars would be reflecting more sunlight than the Moon.
03:34Nights would be lighter.
03:35Terrestrial landscapes would have an eerie red tint.
03:38And you'd be able to admire the tallest mountain in the solar system, Olympus Mons, through a telescope.
03:45Mars isn't large enough to change the Earth's orbit dramatically.
03:48But with time, the two planets would probably begin to orbit each other, creating a binary planet system.
03:55And since Mars would literally be next door, voyages to this planet would become a reality.
04:01Okay now, think really big.
04:03If Jupiter replaced the Moon, Earth, as an independent planet, wouldn't exist anymore.
04:09It would instantly turn into another Moon of the largest planet in the solar system.
04:13The only positive moment in this transformation?
04:16People would have an awesome sky view.
04:19Jupiter is dozens of times larger than the Moon.
04:22A gigantic, beautifully striped sphere would cover nearly all the horizon.
04:26If you had time to enjoy the show, you'd see yellow, brown, red, and white clouds floating in Jupiter's atmosphere.
04:33Sadly, the gas giant's gravitational pull would instantly cause severe earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, and tsunamis.
04:41Earth's mantle and crust would be drawn toward Jupiter, which would break the planet apart.
04:46It'd be stretched and compressed with such force that its surface would bulge back and forth by more than 300
04:53feet.
04:54Unfortunately, Earth's speed is only 10% of the speed needed for us to stay in Jupiter's orbit.
05:00That's why our sluggish planet would crash into the gas giant in less than a day.
05:05Well, that sounds unpleasant.
05:07So let's not do that.
05:07Now, if Saturn were to replace the Moon, it would be a sight to behold.
05:13The planet is more than 35 times larger than our satellite.
05:17It means the giant golden globe would cover 18 degrees of the sky.
05:21And its rings would stretch even further, from horizon to horizon.
05:26Hey, if you like it, then you should have put a ring on it.
05:29Earth would be a bit further away from the gas giant than its own Moon, Dion.
05:33And since Saturn is way more powerful than our planet, Earth would turn into its satellite, not the other way
05:40around.
05:41Unfortunately, Earth's rotational speed wouldn't be enough to keep up, and we'd most likely crash into the much larger planet
05:47within a day or two.
05:49But before burning up in Saturn's atmosphere, we'd have to pass through its magnificent rings.
05:54They're made up of pieces of comets, asteroids, and shattered moons.
05:58It wouldn't be an easy feat to get through the space debris.
06:01Plus, our planet would have to avoid Saturn's moons, all 53 of them.
06:06But what if the fall didn't happen, and Earth did turn into Saturn's 54th moon?
06:12Then the gas giant's gravitational pull would lead to massive tectonic shifts all over our globe.
06:18They would be tearing the planet's crust apart until there's nothing left.
06:22Hmm, not good either.
06:23Both Uranus and Neptune are ice giants.
06:27These planets are of the same size, larger than Earth, but smaller than Saturn and Jupiter.
06:32They both have icy interiors, deep atmospheres, and similar color.
06:36Very beautiful bluish-green.
06:39If either of these planets replaced the Moon, the consequences would be the same.
06:43So, let's flip a coin.
06:45Okay, it would be Neptune you'd see in the sky one day.
06:48Neptune is 14 times larger than the Moon.
06:51The planet would look like a bright blue hot air balloon in the sky.
06:55Not only at night, but during the day, too.
06:57It would appear to be 15 times larger than the Sun.
07:01If everything else remained the same, a solar eclipse would seem to continue for ages.
07:06Once the Sun vanished behind Neptune's edge,
07:09our planet would be plunged into complete darkness for no less than an hour and a half.
07:14Neptune is 17 times the mass of Earth, and its gravitational pull is much stronger.
07:20That's why our planet would end up as a satellite.
07:23Yep, again.
07:24It would orbit Neptune slightly further than its own largest moon, Triton.
07:29By the way, there would be a great risk of Earth colliding with this space body.
07:33But let's assume we were lucky enough not to cross paths with Neptune satellites.
07:38Even so, there would be more than enough problems on our hands.
07:42Tides on our planet would become a thousand times more powerful than those caused by the Moon.
07:47Neptune's gravitational force wouldn't pull Earth apart, but it would heat our planet up.
07:53The seismic activity would increase, setting off earthquakes and volcanic eruptions.
07:58And probably louse up the Internet, too.
08:01Arcturus, a huge red star.
08:03It's just bursting from inside out.
08:06The red sea of plasma on its surface rages and pulsates.
08:10The star burns anything that comes close to it.
08:13And now, flop!
08:15Arcturus is gone.
08:16But at the same moment, it reappears at the center of our solar system, replacing the Sun.
08:22What we see in the sky isn't a small yellow dot anymore, but a giant red ball.
08:28It's 25 times wider and 30% heavier than the Sun.
08:33Even though Arcturus is a little cooler, it's still a total nightmare for Earth.
08:38The distance from our planet to the star is now 25 times less.
08:42All the water in the oceans and rivers begins to evaporate.
08:46What used to be rainforests are quickly turning into a lifeless desert.
08:51But sunsets and sunrises now look amazing.
08:54Imagine yourself on the roof of the Empire State Building, watching the sunrise.
08:59First, you see the light over the horizon.
09:01It almost blinds you, because Arcturus is 110 times brighter than the Sun.
09:06Then, the star gradually climbs over the surface.
09:10The thick dot on the horizon gets wider and wider.
09:13It continues to grow until the red star is everything you can see.
09:19Arcturus is now so close that you can even see storms of hot plasma on its surface.
09:25There are periodic outbursts and mass ejections.
09:28Huge amounts of matter are ejected from the surface of the star at speeds of up to 1,200 miles
09:34per second.
09:35The matter takes the form of a loop attached to the star at both ends.
09:40And you have to wear a super-advanced space suit.
09:43You have to be able to observe such a sunrise.
09:45Life on Earth ceased to exist long ago under these conditions.
09:49And it's going to get worse over time, because every eight days, Arcturus' brilliance increases.
09:55And soon, our planet will become more like Venus.
09:58It's so close to the Sun that the high temperature makes any life there impossible.
10:05Okay, let's let our planet cool down a bit and put Proxima Centauri in the center of our solar system.
10:12It's not a red giant, but a red dwarf.
10:15This star is almost seven times smaller than the Sun and almost nine times lighter.
10:21Now, our oceans and rivers are not evaporating, but freezing over.
10:26Forests and jungles are covered with snow.
10:29In about a week, there won't be a single place on Earth where the temperature is above freezing.
10:33Even plants that are used to the cold will cease to exist.
10:38They mostly feed on the Sun's energy.
10:40Now, they begin to starve.
10:43But there will still be water deep beneath the ice layer.
10:46It'll be heated by the hot core of our planet.
10:50Microorganisms will still be able to survive.
10:53It's much darker on Earth, too.
10:55It's like an endless twilight here.
10:57Oh, and we can barely see the Moon.
11:00The thing is, it doesn't produce its own light, but reflects it from the bright Sun.
11:05With Proxima Centauri instead, the Moon will lose its brightness.
11:11Hop on the Bright Side of Life together with our brand new tees, hoodies and more.
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11:17But an even bigger problem would be with our orbit.
11:20The Sun has a certain gravitational force, and it keeps us just in the sweet habitable zone,
11:26where we're not too hot and not too cold.
11:29Proxima Centauri's gravity is much weaker, and Earth is slowly drifting away from the star.
11:35We now run the risk of encountering asteroids flying through space, or even other planets.
11:41But the worst-case scenario is if Proxima Centauri simply can't hold our planet,
11:47and we fly away into dark space.
11:49Then, you can forget about any forms of life here.
11:54Now, let's put Sirius at the center of our solar system.
11:58It's the brightest star in our night sky.
12:01It's only 70% bigger than the Sun, but almost twice as hot.
12:05So its glow is not only bright, it's sizzling.
12:09And its light is not yellow, but somewhere between blue and white.
12:13You couldn't go out in the city without sunglasses, or Sirius glasses.
12:20Still, you wouldn't want to walk the streets, where the asphalt is boiling anyway.
12:24You could literally fry eggs on the curb.
12:27Of course, by this time, all life on Earth has long since disappeared.
12:32But it's not just because of the temperature.
12:35Sirius emits enormous amounts of radiation.
12:38Our atmosphere serves as a shield against the Sun.
12:41But in the case of Sirius, that shield wouldn't be enough.
12:46Now, why don't we take a more bizarre approach
12:49and make ourselves a double star system?
12:52These are two stars that revolve around a common center.
12:55And there's our Earth, safe and sound.
12:58It's all about the size and brightness of the stars.
13:02These two aren't too big, and they give off as much light as our Sun.
13:06All that matters to us is that our planet is in the safe zone of the double star system.
13:11At sunrise, you first see one star appear from below the horizon.
13:16And then, a couple of minutes later, the other.
13:20The only problem is that this beauty may soon explode with enormous force.
13:25In binary systems, one star is always heavier than its companion.
13:30Sooner or later, it starts pulling matter away from the smaller star.
13:34Gradually, the bigger star just eats its neighbor.
13:38Then the big brother can reach a critical mass.
13:41And explode!
13:42This explosion would be about as strong as a supernova.
13:46It would destroy our entire solar system.
13:49The light from this explosion would be visible for hundreds of light years away.
13:53And after that, there would be a huge nebula in the place of our star system.
13:57It's stardust and particles that are left from our world.
14:02Going to the realm of the crazy now, a black hole.
14:06Yes, there's one at the center of our solar system now.
14:10We know black holes are scary, mysterious objects that pull in everything in their path.
14:16But even around a black hole, there is a habitable zone.
14:19You just have to be far enough away so that it doesn't drag you down into its black abyss.
14:24Mercury and Venus would be too close to the black hole.
14:27So, most likely, they'd be torn apart and then head for the event horizon.
14:33This is the last stop before hitting the singularity, the heart of the black hole.
14:38There are only two problems, light and time.
14:42A black hole pulls light in instead of emitting it.
14:45So, the Earth will quickly become dark and cold.
14:49And time goes slower around heavy objects.
14:52Near a black hole, one second can be equal to weeks or even months away in outer space.
14:58We won't feel this difference, but the entire universe around us will develop faster relative to us.
15:05Any object can become a black hole if it's compressed to a certain size.
15:10For example, the Sun can become one if it's shrunk to a width of 3.7 miles.
15:16And even the Earth, if you squeeze it to a width of 0.7 inches, it becomes a black hole.
15:23Oh, now there's some little rock lurking in the center of our solar system.
15:27It's a neutron star.
15:29It's about 18 miles wide.
15:31Some meteorites are much bigger than that.
15:34But it has a mass comparable to the Sun.
15:37So, its gravitational force is about the same.
15:40And our planet's orbit is intact.
15:42But the problem is that neutron stars emit next to no visible light.
15:47So, it's now permanent night on Earth.
15:50Still, it gets very hot here.
15:53When a neutron star is born, it can be several times hotter than the Sun at first.
15:57But it quickly cools down to the temperature we're used to.
16:00So, there's a chance that all life on Earth hasn't yet been scorched.
16:06Another problem is that these little guys are rapidly spinning and can become pulsars.
16:11It's kind of like a powerful spotlight on two sides of a spinning star.
16:16Neutron stars also eject radiation at tremendous speeds.
16:20These rays will make our planet literally sterile.
16:24No life form would be able to exist under these conditions.
16:28And now, it's time for the biggest star ever known.
16:32Stevenson 218.
16:34This red giant is 2150 times larger than the Sun.
16:39And if we place it at the center of our solar system, its edge will lie on Saturn's orbit.
16:45So, Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, and Jupiter are already swallowed by the huge star.
16:52Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune are roasting like chestnuts on a fire and will soon evaporate.
16:59In fact, this could happen to our Sun as well.
17:02The older it gets, the redder and bigger it becomes.
17:06It'll eventually run out of its fuel, hydrogen.
17:08And the Sun will start to burn heavier elements in its core.
17:12This will cause it to expand.
17:14Then we'll see more beautiful sunsets and sunrises.
17:17But the temperature will become too high.
17:20In theory, the Sun will get so big that it'll swallow the Earth.
17:24And then, it'll explode in a supernova, leaving nothing of our entire solar system behind.
17:31Shiny!
17:33Ah, consider the rogue planet.
17:35The cosmic wanderer that nobody wants to take home.
17:39Basically, a rogue planet is a planet that has been ejected from its own star system
17:44and is now floating aimlessly through space like a cosmic loner.
17:49These planets aren't just a theory.
17:51Scientists have actually detected some in our galaxy.
17:54In fact, estimates suggest that there may be lots of these cosmic nomads floating around the Milky Way.
18:01And they aren't just small rocky worlds like Earth.
18:04Some of them are actually massive gas giants, many times larger than Jupiter.
18:09These behemoths could potentially have their own moons and even their own mini-systems orbiting around them.
18:16For example, one of the most famous rogue planets we know of has a complicated name.
18:22Here, you read it for yourself.
18:23It's located about 80 light-years away from Earth, and it was discovered in 2013.
18:29This rogue planet is estimated to be around 6 times the mass of Jupiter and is believed to be around
18:3612 million years old.
18:38And yes, just because these cosmic loners don't have a star, it doesn't mean they're super cold.
18:44They can still generate heat and light from their own internal processes.
18:48Some may even have magnetic fields and auroras, just like Earth.
18:52In other words, rogue planets could potentially be habitable, if they have the right conditions.
18:58So, what would life on such a planet look like?
19:02And could we potentially live in such a world?
19:05Well, living on a rogue planet can be a lonely existence.
19:09They have no warm sun to bask in, no cozy atmosphere to cuddle up in, and no cosmic neighbors to
19:16have barbecue with.
19:17That's why we'd have to get creative.
19:20Let's start with the most obvious problem.
19:22We'd have a hard time without light and heat.
19:25So, how do we fix this?
19:27Well, we'd probably have to invest in some really fancy space heaters and wear fashionable super-warm spacesuits.
19:34Or we could invent a whole new way to generate electricity without relying on solar power.
19:40For example, how about using geothermal energy?
19:44Now that's hot stuff!
19:45Each planet has an internal source of heat.
19:49Without it, they would all be nothing more than cold, lifeless rocks floating through space.
19:54This internal heat can be harnessed and used to power everything, from homes to factories to spaceships.
20:01It's like having a hot tub, big enough to power an entire city.
20:05And that city, most likely, will be located underground, closer to the heat source.
20:11And as for light, well, we'd probably have to build some really bright flashlights.
20:17Or maybe even learn to genetically engineer some bioluminescent organisms to light up our homes.
20:23Just imagine, space space is overgrown with neon mushrooms and plants.
20:27By the way, speaking of plants, plant life would be pretty hard to come by without a star.
20:33So, what would we eat?
20:35Well, we could use the same geothermal vents that we talked about, or some chemical reactions, to sustain ourselves.
20:42And hey, maybe we'd develop a taste for sulfur-rich foods.
20:46Or we'd start fermenting our own drinks from the bubbling volcanic mud.
20:51Yum!
20:52But, besides food, we'd have a more important problem.
20:56Living on a rogue planet would be breathtaking.
20:59Literally, we'd have no air.
21:02You see, not all rogue planets have good, stable atmospheres.
21:05It all depends on their size, composition, and other things.
21:09But even if our new home does have an atmosphere, it may be incredibly thin and unstable.
21:15We'd have no pretty blue skies or dramatic sunsets to admire.
21:19Instead, we'd be staring out into the infinite void of space, where the stars would be brighter than ever before.
21:27And forget about weather patterns.
21:29Without an atmosphere to create them, we'd have no rain, no snow, and no thunderstorms.
21:35And that's just some minor problems.
21:37What's worse, the temperature on the planet would be wildly fluctuating, swinging from unbearable heat to unbearable cold.
21:45It would be like living in an oven that's always being turned on and off.
21:48And finally, we'd be exposed to all kinds of space debris and cosmic radiation.
21:55So, if you don't want to get crispy, you might want to invest in some serious SPF.
22:01So, how do we fix it?
22:02Well, we'd have to find a way to generate our own oxygen and probably create something like a space-age
22:09biosphere.
22:09For example, we could grow some plants that could produce oxygen.
22:14Or we'd learn to filter the air like a high-tech air purifier.
22:18Finally, we have the last most important problem – finding water.
22:23And here's where the underwater oceans come to our aid.
22:26Now we're really diving deep into the possibilities.
22:29Nyuk nyuk.
22:30But seriously, scientists suggest that some of these planets may indeed have underwater oceans.
22:37It would be like living on a giant water balloon that's been buried underground,
22:41with the ground beneath your feet made of ice and rock.
22:45In other words, we could just tap into these underground oceans.
22:48They could provide us with a source of water for drinking, farming, and manufacturing.
22:53Maybe even with some other resources and materials we've never seen before.
22:57And by the way, who knows what kind of strange creatures might be lurking in those underground seas.
23:04But don't worry.
23:06Even if we don't have any underground oasis, there are also other options.
23:11We could get some water from comets, ice mining, and even from the atmosphere, the one we just created before.
23:18Finally, we need to find and mine some resources to build our homes and other stuff.
23:23And a rogue planet might not have the same kinds of resources as a planet that orbits a star.
23:29It's like trying to find some treasures in a desert.
23:32Not exactly a sure thing.
23:34We may have to rely on resources from nearby asteroids and things like that.
23:39And if we want to extract resources from the planet itself,
23:43we might need to drill down through miles of ice and rock.
23:46But hey, if you're up for the challenge,
23:49there'll always be a chance you'll strike it rich on a rogue planet.
23:52And who knows?
23:54Maybe you'll discover some new resources that are even more valuable than gold or diamonds.
23:59Great!
24:00Looks like we've solved the most important problems.
24:03Now, there may be other small difficulties.
24:05For example, we'd also have to deal with some seriously long days and nights,
24:10depending on how fast our planet was rotating.
24:13And we wouldn't have a normal, regular day-night cycle.
24:16The rotation of our planet could be wildly unpredictable.
24:20Maybe we'd have weeks-long nights, followed by weeks-long days,
24:24which could really mess with our sleep schedules.
24:27We might have to develop some really strong coffee to keep us going through those long, dark nights.
24:32But, hypothetically, we can adapt to all these things and overcome all the challenges.
24:38And now, finally, welcome to the rogue planet,
24:42where the sun never rises, but the adventures never end.
24:45Thanks to our advanced technology,
24:47we've managed to create a comfortable and habitable environment in this once barren world.
24:53The sky above us is now a beautiful shade of blue,
24:56filled with fluffy white clouds and the occasional flock of flying creatures.
25:01Don't ask.
25:02As we venture out from our underground habitats,
25:05we're greeted by a world that's full of surprises.
25:09Strange plants and animals have adapted to the unique conditions of this planet,
25:13some with bioluminescent features that glow in the dark.
25:17And be careful if you want to go swimming in the underground ocean.
25:20They might be home to some bizarre creatures who want to feast on…
25:25well, we'll come back to that.
25:27Maybe.
25:27As you can see, we've created sprawling cities and thriving communities,
25:33powered by the planet's geothermal energy.
25:35We also created a bunch of artificial light sources
25:38that keep things bright throughout the dark, chilly nights.
25:42Of course, we still have some problems with navigation and timekeeping.
25:46But things aren't as dull as they used to be, are they?
25:49Overall, living on a rogue planet would definitely have its challenges.
25:53But it could also be a pretty exciting way to experience the universe.
25:58And who knows?
25:59Maybe someday we'll find such a planet
26:01and actually turn it into a bustling intergalactic metropolis someday.
26:06But until then, let's enjoy and tidy up our dear Earth.
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