00:00Frauen wollen lernen, wie zu schießen und wie zu weapons benutzen.
00:05Würdest du als Frau für dein Land in den Krieg ziehen oder es anderweitig verteidigen?
00:09Für Finninnen stellt sich diese Frage eigentlich gar nicht.
00:12Aber nicht alle Finninnen teilen dieses Mindset.
00:30Zum Beispiel Taya, sie arbeitet im Sami-Museum SIDA in Inari, Lapland.
00:34Wahrscheinlich hast du von den Sami noch nie gehört, obwohl sie das einzige indigene Volk Europas sind,
00:39mit Mitgliedern in Finnland, Schweden, Norwegen und Russland.
00:42Ein Krieg zwischen Finnland und Russland würde für die Sami hier bedeuten, sie müssten gegen ihr eigenes Volk kämpfen.
01:00Ich bin eine Woche lang durch Finnland gereist, um herauszufinden,
01:02wie sich das Land und seine Menschen auf einen möglichen Krieg mit Russland vorbereiten.
01:06Im Süden habe ich Frauen getroffen, die in Trainingscamps lernen, wie man im Ernstfall richtig handelt,
01:10im Norden Angehörige der Sami gesprochen.
01:12Schnell wurde mir klar, landesweite Debatten darüber, wer im Ernstfall kämpfen würde,
01:16wie wir sie aus Österreich oder Deutschland kennen, gibt es hier nicht.
01:20Ich bin hier in einer finnischen Militärbasis und hier findet drei Tage lang ein Nasta Trainingslager statt.
01:26Frauen können sich für verschiedene Kurse anmelden und dort von Survival Skills, Cyber Security und Krisenmanagement einiges lernen.
01:32Die Nasta Trainingscamps wurden für Frauen gegründet, die sich auf Krisensituationen vorbereiten wollten.
01:48Darunter fallen aber nicht nur Outdoor Survival Situationen, sondern es gibt auch einen Kurs über psychisches Wohlbefinden oder eine Simulation eines Cyberangriffs.
01:54Jährlich finden vier bis fünf Übungen an verschiedenen Orten in Finnland statt, mit 150 bis 350 Teilnehmerinnen pro Übung.
02:03Geplant und durchgeführt werden sie von freiwilligen Frauen in enger Zusammenarbeit unter anderem mit dem finnischen Militär.
02:08Die Kurse stehen allen Frauen offen und kombinieren praktische Übungen mit Wissensvermittlung, um Sicherheit und Handlungskompetenz zu stärken.
02:15Bei dem Kurs, den ich besuche, nehmen Frauen zwischen 20 und 80 Jahren teil. Ein Wochenende kostet knapp 50 Euro und beinhaltet neben den Kursen auch Kost und Logis.
02:24Das beruht auf der Idee, dass nicht nur der Staat, sondern auch BürgerInnen Verantwortung tragen.
02:39Jeder soll im Krisenfall wissen, was zu tun ist, ob bei Krieg, Blackout oder Naturkatastrophen.
02:44Every citizen is a security actor and you are supposed to have some kind of basic skills so that the official security authorities can focus on their tasks.
02:54So I wanted to do my share and this was my motivation.
02:57This organization, this emergency preparedness for women, we are not military at all, we don't use guns.
03:04On the other hand, this other organization is arranging also weapon courses for women and they are very popular.
03:12I don't want to shoot anybody, I don't want to use weapons.
03:16But if things happen and that is needed of me, I know I can use them.
03:22At the moment we have a 1400 km common border with Russia and it is divided to four different border guard districts.
03:33And at the moment we are in our district headquarters in the city called Imatra and from here to the actual Finnish Russian border is about 20 km.
03:44We have always been prepared for any kind of attacks from Russia that information war and cyber war is already on even though you don't see the green men and the tanks and the guns, but the guns are in cyber.
03:59After the Second World War, everybody in Finland somehow has understood that Russia is Russia.
04:06In the First World War, Sami were not enlisted in the armies.
04:09The idea behind that was that because Sami live across all the borders here, it wouldn't be fair to make Sami people fight other Sami people on the other side of the border.
04:18And by the time Second World War rolls around, it's time to enlist everybody.
04:22We have stories from the Second World War from Saabi people that they knew that they were fighting against other Sami.
04:29They could hear the other Sami talking in Sami on the other side, but they couldn't do anything about it.
04:36When there is our people on the other side of the border going against your own people, that's just wrong.
04:43In the school system here, they don't really teach anybody about the Sami.
04:47The Finnish people learn more about the Navajo, the Cherokee in the US than they do about the Sami.
04:53When we're talking about Sápmi, which is our name for the Sami land, it isn't just in Finland, because it's also in the Norwegian and Swedish, a little part of Russia.
05:03That area that goes across the borders feels more like a home compared to Finland as a whole.
05:08Russia is only 60 kilometers that way.
05:10Sami connections to the Russian side have been cut off completely since the war in Ukraine,
05:17because it reflects badly on them if they are caught having connections to the Western world.
05:22So the cooperation have been completely cut off.
05:26For many Sami is the idea, Finland to defend, complex.
05:29Sie identifizieren sich oft stärker mit ihrem Volk als mit einem Staat, der sie jahrzehntelang marginalisiert hat.
05:34Bis in die 1970er Jahre wurden Sami-Kinder in Internaten umgeschult, ihre Sprache verboten und ihre Kultur unterdrückt.
05:40Diese Assimilationspolitik führte dazu, dass viele sich ihrer Herkunft champten und ihre Identität versteckten.
05:46There's much more pride now.
05:48People are actually proud to be Sami and call themselves Sami.
05:51When I was younger, I'm only 32 now, I wouldn't tell people willingly that I was Sami.
05:57I grew up in the city, so I knew that I would face a lot of jokes and discrimination if I told them I was Sami.
06:05It's amazing to hear teenagers and children walking the streets and actually talking Sami amongst themselves.
06:12Whereas in my youth, even the Sami who had the language, they only spoke Sami at home with parents.
06:18But when we were meeting up as friends together, nobody spoke Sami. It was always Finnish.
06:24Politisch haben die Sami in Finnland keinen festen Platz.
06:26Zwar gibt es das Sami-Parlament mit 21 gewählten Mitgliedern, doch die politische Repräsentation ist begrenzt und umstritten.
06:32In Finnland gilt für alle Männer, auch für Sami die Wehrpflicht, für Frauen ist sie freiwillig.
06:37Eigenverantwortung und Vorbereitung gelten im Land als selbstverständlich.
06:41All the women who are serving in the finnish bodyguard has to go through the conscription service.
06:47There's like a autonomic island region for southern Finland which is demilitarized and the people from there don't have to do the conscription.
06:57But then the Sami people differ from the rest of the country much more than the people in the Åland Islands.
07:05Like they still have to be a part of defense forces or to go through the training.
07:09Like in Finland we say the first defense line it is between your ears.
07:13If you think that there's nothing to worry about you probably are victim of information war.
07:19Because you have not been alerted of the situation that is worsening and you should start preparing for even worse things.
07:28It's not only a military threat. It could be a natural disaster or a terrorist attack.
07:34I'm challenging myself. I need to spend two nights in a forest. Would I make it? Would I cry? Don't you want to know?
07:44I would encourage everyone to join in the army if they have even a tiny, tiny interest.
07:51All the land border crossing points between Russia is closed. We had a huge amount of people working in those border crossing points.
07:58But now all our personnel are doing border surveillance tasks, patrolling on the green border area in the forests and roads.
08:08And majority of the personnel is doing preparedness training as a military exercise.
08:14Our mindset is built on that way that we are not afraid because we have always managed to survive alone.
08:24We have to be ready alone. Of course the NATO membership have increased the confidence among the Finnish people.
08:32Finnland is a land in the man from klein auf lernt Verantwortung for that gemeinsame to übernehmen
08:36und notfalls das Heimatland zu verteidigen.
08:38Doch zwischen den Sami im Norden und den übrigen Finnern gibt es Unterschiede in dieser Bereitschaft.
08:43The Finnish government still states that they have never colonized anybody.
08:48In their eyes colonization means going to Africa or Asia or the Caribbean.
08:54The concept that they moved up north to colonize the land that the Sami traditionally lived in, it doesn't exist.
09:00They don't realize that that's colonization as well.
09:03And there's never been an apology from the government for anything that they've done.
09:07The reason why we as a foreign medium here had to be done is, so the organization explained it to me,
09:12that they want to travel abroad, also in the European countries.
09:15That preparation is important, also for women who have no military background.
09:20I had the privilege of living for some time in Austria and I realized that how cozy it is to be surrounded by those beautiful mountains
09:29and it maybe creates a feeling of security.
09:33But at the same time life is unpredictable and I think it's good for everyone to build some basic skills.
09:42This young girl, she's participated in some of the courses and she said,
09:47I enrolled in this course because I was inspired by you.
09:52And I'm going to start crying, but it's wonderful because something that you do inspire other women to join and learn new skills.
10:02I don't want to sound like a person who's just calling for the wolf and you know,
10:07you should be aware of these things and this is bad.
10:10Why we are so calm and collected here is because we are so prepared.
10:14And I'm kind of worried that one day something might hit you in a bad way.
10:21And if you are not calm and collected, you go bonkers.
10:25It doesn't really help you if you just turn the blind eye and say,
10:28I'm not seeing this, please start preparing.
10:31Open your eyes to the reality that is already out there,
10:35rather than denying everything and thinking that, okay, it's not going to hit you.
10:40It has already hit you. You just don't realize it.
10:43I really wish that we don't have to use those skills that we have learned.
10:49But if the day comes, then we do what we have to do.
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