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00:00The Nobel Prize
00:14Do what you can, with what you have, where you are
00:18Theodore Roosevelt
00:20Theodore Roosevelt was born on October 27, 1858 in New York
00:27into one of the old Dutch families, which had settled in America in the 17th century
00:33At 18, he entered Harvard College and spent four years there
00:38dividing his time between books and sport and excelling at both
00:42After leaving Harvard, he studied in Germany for almost a year
00:46and then immediately entered politics
00:49He was elected to the Assembly of New York State
00:53holding office for three years and distinguishing himself as an ardent reformer
00:58In 1884, because of ill health and the death of his wife
01:03Roosevelt abandoned his political work for some time
01:06He invested part of the fortune he had inherited from his father
01:10in a cattle ranch in the badlands of Dakota Territory
01:14Expecting to remain in the West for many years
01:17He became a passionate hunter, especially of big game
01:21and an ardent believer in the wild outdoor life
01:24which brought him health and strength
01:27In 1886, Roosevelt returned to New York
01:30married again and once more plunged into politics
01:34President Harrison, after his election in 1889
01:37appointed Roosevelt as a member of the Civil Service Commission
01:41of which he later became president
01:44This office he retained until 1895
01:47when he undertook the direction of the Police Department of New York City
01:52In 1897, he joined President McKinley's administration
01:57as Assistant Secretary of the Navy
01:59While in this office, he actively prepared for the Cuban War
02:03which he saw was coming
02:05and when it broke out in 1898
02:07went to Cuba as Lieutenant-Colonel
02:10of a regiment of volunteer cavalry
02:13which he himself had raced among the hunters
02:16and cowboys of the West
02:18Elected Governor of the State of New York in 1898
02:22he invested his two-year administration
02:25with the vigorous and business-like characteristics
02:28which were his hallmark
02:29He would have sought re-election in 1900
02:32since much of his work was only half done
02:36had the Republicans not chosen him
02:39as their candidate for the second office of the Union
02:42He held the Vice Presidency for less than a year
02:46succeeding to the Presidency
02:49after the assassination of President McKinley
02:52on September 14, 1901
02:54In 1904, Roosevelt was elected to a full term as President
02:59In 1902, President Roosevelt took the initiative
03:02in opening the International Court of Arbitration at The Hague
03:07which, though founded in 1899
03:10had not been called upon by any power
03:13in its first three years of existence
03:16In 1904, the Inter-Parliamentary Union
03:20meeting in St. Louis, Missouri
03:23requested Roosevelt to call another international conference
03:26to continue the work begun at The Hague in 1899
03:31Roosevelt responded immediately
03:34and in the autumn of 1904
03:37Secretary of State John Hay
03:39invited the powers to meet at The Hague
03:42Russia, however, refused to participate in a conference
03:46which engaged in hostilities with Japan
03:49After the peace of 1905, the matter was placed in the hands of the Russian government
03:55which had taken the initiative in convening the first Hague conference
04:00In June 1905, President Roosevelt offered his good offices
04:05as mediator between Russia and Japan
04:08asking the belligerents to nominate planipotentiaries
04:13to negotiate on the conditions of peace
04:15In August they met at Portsmouth, New Hampshire
04:20and after some weeks of difficult negotiations
04:23concluded a peace treaty in September 1905
04:27Roosevelt was an historian, a biographer, a statesman, a hunter, a naturalist, an orator
04:34His prodigious literary output includes 26 books, over a thousand magazine articles, thousands of speeches and letters
04:44In 1919, at the age of 60, he died in his sleep
04:49in the majority of their lives
04:56in this time
04:58of the United States
05:00To be continued...
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