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00:00Women who change the world.
00:30Women who change the world.
00:32Any woman who understands the problems of running a home will be nearer to understanding
00:36the problems of running a country.
00:39Margaret Roberts was born in Grantham, England on October 13, 1925.
00:44Roberts lived a harsh life, with no kindergarten, stream water, and bathroom inside.
00:49Margaret was the second daughter in the family.
00:51Since infancy, she was adored by her father, who tried to implement his ambitions through
00:56her.
00:57Margaret took all the efforts to make an ideal of her.
01:00Margaret's mother was a housekeeper and didn't carry any impact in daughter fostering.
01:04Her father became the mayor of Grantham at a time when Margaret was in high school.
01:08It taught her to understand the nuances of political leadership from her childhood.
01:13She applied for scholarship to study chemistry at Somerville College, Oxford University, during
01:18her last year at school.
01:20At first, the refusal was received, but after the second applicant was withdrawn, Margaret
01:25managed to get a scholarship.
01:27She came to Oxford in 1943 and got second-class honors in 1947.
01:33After finishing the university, Roberts moved to Colchester, Essex County of England, where
01:38she worked as a research chemist for BX Plastics Company.
01:41She joined the local Conservative Party Association at that time.
01:44The association's chairmen were impressed with Margaret so much that they persuaded
01:49her to take part in the elections.
01:52Margaret was elected as a nominee only in 1951 and was included in the list of candidates.
01:58For the first time, Margaret fell in love when she studied at Oxford College, Somerville.
02:03Her chosen was a son of a count whose parents threatened with financial deprivation, so the
02:08girl's love ended in disappointment.
02:10She met Dennis Thatcher at 23, and they married in 1951.
02:15Margaret didn't stop on her way to politics when twins Mark and Carol were born.
02:19Having four-month-old babies, she managed to qualify as a lawyer.
02:23Dennis was a pillar of support for her, and when he died at the age of 88, the Iron Lady cried
02:28for the first time in the presence of others.
02:31They lived together for 52 years.
02:34In 1961, the Prime Minister Macmillan offered Margaret a post of a Junior Minister for Pensions
02:40and State Insurance, with Conservatives back to power in 1970-1974 as Secretary of State
02:47for Education and Science.
02:49Thatcher stood the test of unpopularity, as she had to abolish free milk for grade school
02:54students for the sake of economies.
02:56On January 24, 1976, Margaret Thatcher was nicknamed the Iron Lady for the first time by the Soviet
03:04newspaper Krasnaya Zvezda.
03:07The nickname followed her forever.
03:09Thatcher became the first female Prime Minister in European history as a result of general elections
03:14in May of 1979.
03:17Her primary goal was to fight inflation as well as ineffective industry activity, especially
03:22in the public sector.
03:24For Thatcher's followers, she remains a political player that managed to restore British economics,
03:29deliver a major strike on trade unions, and restore Great Britain's image as a world power.
03:34The number of shareholding British residents rose from 7% to 25% as a result of her premiership.
03:41More than a million families bought houses that were local councils' property, which increased
03:46the number of householders from 55% to 67%.
03:50Personal wealth rose by 80%.
03:53Victory in the Falkland War and close union with the U.S. are also considered to be her
03:57most important achievements.
03:59In contrast, Thatcher's tenure was marked by high unemployment rate and regular strikes.
04:04Most of the critics fault her economic policies that were under heavy influence of monetarism in
04:09terms of unemployment.
04:11The problem caused drug abuse and family breakdown in its turn.
04:15Conversing in Scotland in April 2009, Thatcher insisted she had no regrets and had been right
04:21to introduce the poll tax and to withdraw subsidies from outdated industries whose markets were in
04:27terminal decline.
04:28Thatcher's premiership was the longest in the 20th century since Salisbury and the longest
04:33continuous period in office since Lord Liverpool.
04:37In 1987, the Conservatives formed up the government again, relying on the majority in the parliament,
04:42and Thatcher became the first party leader that took the Prime Minister post three times
04:47in a row.
04:48Retired in 1990, she continued community work in the rank of Lady Caroline's Baroness.
04:56Women who changed the world.
04:57Women who changed the world.
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