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The Order of the Solar Temple cult documentary
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00:24On October the 5th, 1994,
00:27five people were found dead in this house in Canada.
00:31Ten hours later in Switzerland,
00:3325 bodies were discovered in a chalet in the small town of Salvan,
00:37and 23 more in a nearby village.
00:40In less than 24 hours, 53 people had died.
00:45Their remains set alight by identical incendiary devices.
00:49Among the dead, eight children,
00:51several senior civil servants, and two millionaires.
00:54But they had something else in common.
00:58All were members of a secretive sect.
01:01The Order of the Solar Temple.
01:13The day before the deaths, on the 4th of October, 1994,
01:18Thierry Huguenin was told to drive to a chalet in the Swiss Alps
01:21and pick up an envelope of cash.
01:23After 14 years, he had left the order
01:26and was still owed money by one of its leaders, Joe Di Mambro.
01:32He told me, Thierry, come up. I have the money for you.
01:37When he got there, something was strange.
01:40The chalet was locked and the shutters closed.
01:44I felt bad and something inside me said, go, go, go.
01:49Di Mambro met him outside and claimed he couldn't find his key.
01:53He called a locksmith to break in.
01:57When the locksmith opened the door, I reeled back three meters
02:02because of the smell of petrol fumes.
02:05And then I went up the path very quickly.
02:08And his friend caught up with me and she tried to get me to come back.
02:12But I drove away.
02:15Having escaped, Thierry left without his money
02:18and drove the 100 miles back to Geneva.
02:21At midnight, he heard of the deaths in Canada.
02:25By morning, images of the burnt Swiss chalets flashed around the world.
02:30The chalet which Thierry had visited contained 25 bodies,
02:34including those of the order's leaders, Luke Jure and Joseph Di Mambro.
02:43He always said to us that when he would die,
02:46his body would be consumed by flames like that.
02:52It was amazing what happened in fact.
02:54His body didn't burn in the fire at all.
02:57That's why it was recognized.
03:00It's extraordinary when you think he always used to say
03:03fire was his element and fire would reclaim him.
03:08At the other chalet in Thierry, fire didn't completely destroy the building.
03:13Police were able to reconstruct where the victims had died.
03:17Twenty-one members were found shot in this garage,
03:20which had been converted into a chapel.
03:22Some had plastic bags over their heads.
03:26In Salvin, one person was found shot.
03:29The rest had been poisoned and suffocated.
03:35With so many dead, in so many different ways,
03:38it was one of the most baffling cases the Swiss police had ever faced.
03:44Two years later, just what happened and why is still a mystery.
03:51As part of their investigation, the Swiss police recruited a cult expert
03:56from Swiss military intelligence, Jean-Francois Maier.
04:00The hypothesis which we had at the beginning was that most likely,
04:06given the magnitude of the event, there should be some survivors involved in the actions.
04:13And we began really with that in mind.
04:17There must be some people who knew a lot and we are going to find out about those people.
04:23We are going to locate those people.
04:25We are going to locate those people who maybe made some profit of the tragedy and so on.
04:36The order was mystical and elitist.
04:41They claimed to be the heirs of the medieval Knights Templar,
04:44Christian warriors who guarded the Holy Grail.
04:49They also believed in reincarnation.
04:58Obsessed with secrecy, they blurred their faces in this video they made.
05:05It shows the start of an initiation ceremony.
05:10The order attracted many successful upper middle class people,
05:14disillusioned with conventional churches, yet hungry for spiritual experiences.
05:19At its height it boasted over a thousand members in Canada, France and Switzerland.
05:25One of the leaders, Joe de Mambro, was a businessman.
05:28The other, Luc Jure, a doctor.
05:33At first the police had little to go on.
05:36But then four bizarre letters turned up.
05:39Sent to the Swiss and French media,
05:41they claimed members had left the earth on a so-called transit to the star Sirius.
05:46Copies were also sent to Jean-Francois Meyer.
05:50The letters, the testaments, seemed to confirm the hypothesis of a suicide.
05:57And don't forget that on the first evening,
06:00the public declarations by the investigators
06:03were going rather into the direction that it might have most likely been a suicide.
06:10Two days later, a fifth letter appeared.
06:14Unsigned like the others, it was addressed sarcastically to
06:17Our very dear Charlie.
06:19This was Charles Pasqua, the then French Minister of the Interior.
06:24Although his office deny all knowledge of this letter,
06:27a draft of it was found on one of the computers in the wreckage at Salvant.
06:30It complained bitterly that,
06:32Everywhere we worked, the police and other authorities intimidated and threatened us,
06:38keeping us under constant surveillance.
06:40Police intimidation increased and the harassment went beyond what could be endured.
06:50The mystery deepened when rumours started that the cult's leader,
06:54Luc Jure, had not been killed and his badly burned body had been wrongly identified.
07:00These rumours were so persistent that the chief pathologist was forced to re-examine the evidence.
07:10We had made an identification first on the basis of dental records.
07:16And we were sure.
07:18And so we stopped our investigations.
07:21But then, for reasons I would call political,
07:32Precisely, in order to be able to answer questions,
07:35we decided to do a second identification on the basis of DNA testing.
07:40We suggested that to the judge and he agreed.
07:43And that test led to precisely the result we expected,
07:47an identification of 99.99% certainty.
07:53With Jure proved dead,
07:56the Swiss authorities concentrated on collective suicide.
07:59But not everyone was so certain.
08:03In France, a working detective, Roger Facon, began to voice doubts.
08:08The author of a number of books on cults, including one on the order itself,
08:12Facon pointed out a series of inconsistencies.
08:15The specially adapted gun used in the killings was found outside the chalet in Salvant,
08:20with no fingerprints.
08:22Its owner, Joel Eger, had flown to Geneva from Montreal just before the bodies were found in Canada.
08:29A police contact told Facon the gun could only fire one bullet at a time.
08:34The Swiss police claimed all 65 bullets came from the gun.
08:4065 bullets, all shot from the one gun.
08:44If you think of the number of people in the chalet,
08:4725 of them who are running around,
08:50and the fact that the gun has to be loaded each time.
08:53If you think of the agitation given what's going on,
08:57me, I estimate that it's about 45 seconds to find each bullet,
09:02to look, to pause, to load it, to take aim, to fire.
09:07You have to allow 45 seconds for each bullet.
09:10So it would have taken 60 minutes or so.
09:13That's over an hour to fire all the bullets.
09:16That's just not possible.
09:22Families of victims were also concerned.
09:24Rosemary Jaton lost her brother, her sister-in-law, and two nephews at Chiri.
09:33For 18 months, the journalists and the judges have said it was collective suicide.
09:41For my part, personally, I always thought that it was more likely to be a murder,
09:48because we had no idea our family might be implicated in anything like that.
09:55And in July 1995, Mr. Piller, the investigating magistrate,
10:02said that our relatives were killed with three, five, seven and nine bullets, all of them lethal.
10:13Now, you can't kill yourself by putting nine bullets in your head.
10:22This wasn't the only inconsistency in the investigation.
10:27This was the scene at Saint-Lvan a year after the deaths.
10:31Standard police practice is to seal the scene of a crime
10:34and to remove everything for forensic examination.
10:52Yet the place was littered with charred remains.
10:56Some were poignant.
10:57Some were reminders of how many children died.
11:00But others could be significant evidence.
11:06Had anyone checked the memory of this electronic typewriter?
11:10Or sifted through the many files, tapes and documents still lying around?
11:16We had one of the videocassettes examined
11:19and found it a surprising contrast to the cult's professed beliefs.
11:24It contained a pornographic Canadian movie.
11:29But it wasn't just the Swiss who might have slipped up.
11:32It was the same story in Canada, where five people had died.
11:36To the amazement of one researcher, anyone could get access to the ruins.
11:47I found toys, papers, manuscripts lying around.
11:52There was a lot of debris scattered about.
11:55There were also many documents.
11:59I was astonished because I thought the police would have taken absolutely everything away from analysis.
12:04If only to find the slightest clue, including any psychological clue,
12:10as to why it had happened and the mindset of the organisation.
12:22To relatives like Mrs. Jaton, from the start the investigation seemed flawed.
12:30I phoned as soon as I heard there had been a massacre at Cherie, because I knew my brother went
12:38to the organic farm at Cherie.
12:42Daniel Jaton lived here with other members of the order.
12:45Although the house might have held vital evidence, police were slow to seal it off.
12:51They only put seals on the place on the 13th of October,
12:54so for eight days anyone could have taken the material evidence, or tampered with the evidence.
13:01It wasn't the only delay in the investigation.
13:04The Swiss police took ten weeks to contact one of the French treasurers of the order.
13:08She had close links with the cult's leaders and is now too frightened to be identified.
13:13The police were very obvious.
13:15They were quite determined to demonstrate it was a matter of a guru and a sect.
13:19They asked me if there had been special effects, if I'd been asked to sleep with other members.
13:24It was a matter of showing it was a sect.
13:26I thought their questions were very narrow.
13:28If I said things that did not fit the focus of their investigation, the Swiss police didn't write it down.
13:34They said, no, we're not interested in that.
13:38When the press questioned the thoroughness of the Swiss investigation, the authorities rejected all criticism.
13:52I want to know, should you be asking me questions, or should I be asking you questions?
13:58I don't want to avoid the question.
14:01I will answer the question.
14:04I have told you what the police did on the spot there.
14:10You say that the police did not do its work properly.
14:13I assure you, the police did do its work.
14:17An inquiry has to take place at once, immediately after the event.
14:23And I have proved it.
14:25All the people were seen.
14:27All that was useful was taken away.
14:33The police might have been satisfied, but Thierry Huguenin, the ex-cult member, was far from happy.
14:38He was sure there was about to be another mass killing.
14:41He told the Swiss police, but they did little about his warnings.
14:44We had the feeling at the time that three or four rather older members, who were obviously quite nostalgic, might
14:57commit suicide.
14:58But on an individual basis, I have to be very frank, we doubted very much that a group would commit
15:07suicide.
15:11Four months after Thierry's warning, on December the 22nd, 1995, another 16 members of the order were found dead.
15:21They were killed in the Vercors, an isolated region of France.
15:26All the bodies had been burned and laid out in star formation.
15:31The second death of Vercors has come, of course, as a shock to all the investigators.
15:38So did their identities.
15:40Two of the dead were French policemen, whose car had been seen near the scene of the earlier massacres.
15:46They'd even been interrogated at the time.
15:49Another victim was equally unexpected.
15:51The man who had mailed the five so-called suicide letters.
15:55After this killing, no letters were received.
16:06In trying to unravel why 69 men, women and children died, experts have studied the philosophy of the order of
16:13the Solar Temple.
16:15Members built chapels like this one to hold their most private rituals.
16:21The cult was obsessed with secrecy, codes and symbols.
16:26Novices had to pass a series of initiations before they could attend ceremonies.
16:37The first step was to be robed in a cape.
16:48One initiate was a Canadian insurance salesman, Herman Delorn.
16:52And you would go through this ritual where you would be given a cross.
16:57You would be sworn in as a member.
17:00And you would also swear not to reveal any of the going-ons inside this group.
17:10Because everything was kept extremely secretive.
17:14There was always what we'd call a guard at the door to make sure that when the time of the
17:21ritual actually was time to start, nobody would interfere.
17:26Nobody would come in.
17:28Both leaders, Dimambro and Jure, were skilled manipulators who understood their followers' craving for spiritual secrets.
17:37Recruits were often told they were reincarnations of famous religious and historical figures.
17:42It was a strategy that attracted many outwardly successful individuals, such as Camille Pillay, a director of Piaget Watches.
17:53When Dr. Jure realized the fortune that Pillay represented, he and Joe got together and they brought him into a
18:02sanctuary.
18:04They told him that he was the reincarnation of Joseph of Arimathea and the poor man was like this.
18:14And he was surrounded by Jure, Dimambro and the bigwigs of the order.
18:22And then they awarded him all the capes in one go.
18:27In theory, you had to go through a process of initiation and learning to earn each cape.
18:34Each cape had a particular meaning.
18:37But he got them all in one go.
18:39And he paid all his contributions in one go for a year.
18:44A curious mix of the Christian and the occult, the order's beliefs were jealously guarded.
18:50Only the inner circle were allowed to know the central doctrines.
18:54That there were 33 spiritual entities or masters who were said to inhabit temples buried beneath Zurich and the Himalayas.
19:02The secrecy proved seductive.
19:07You become disengaged and disconnected from everything that surrounds you.
19:12And there's only one key to your life's purpose or your life's objective, and that's in the Solar Temple.
19:20That's where it's at. That's where it's going on. And nothing else really matters.
19:26It flatters your ego to be part of a group that designs itself as an elite, that are the chosen
19:34ones.
19:35How can you not feel good about it?
19:38I actually believed that I was superior to most other people on this planet, that I had been chosen.
19:45And I would start considering other people as being less than what I was.
19:52Not aware, not awake, having no idea of what life was really all about.
19:59So there was no other option for me than to stay within the group, because therefore that's where my salvation
20:07was.
20:13The order's leaders, Joe de Mambro and Luc Jure, carefully designed such ceremonies to engender a sense of mystery and
20:21of being in touch with the Eternal.
20:24But they were very different personalities, as de Lorme remembers.
20:28People would come up to me and tell me, do you know that de Mambro is probably the most powerful
20:37reincarnated entity on the face of this planet?
20:41Where it came to a point where you must not sit in his chair, you must not use Jure's chair.
20:47The energies were too strong because these people were so powerful.
20:53You look at Jure and you could probably believe that if you wanted to.
20:59But you look at de Mambro and you're saying, you know, phew, him.
21:05But then, on a couple of occasions, you just see him in action and see that he had control on
21:12things.
21:14From a young age, de Mambro liked to be in control.
21:19He was a man who in his childhood had a history of violence.
21:26He told us that, in fact, growing up, he hadn't really known his father at all.
21:33He also said to us that he had developed a special, a slightly odd relationship with his mother.
21:40He used to sit up with her far into the night, and they used to knit together.
21:46He had picked up what he called the rhythm of his mother.
21:50And he very soon discovered that he was gifted, above all, as a hypnotist.
21:58In his thirties, de Mambro joined a mystic Christian organization, a morgue, and rose to become master of a French
22:05lodge.
22:08Then, in the best Templar tradition, he went to Jerusalem, where he claimed he would conceive a child who would
22:14be a prophet.
22:16He spoke a lot about Israel.
22:22He said he had been close to important people in Israel, including the head of the Israeli secret services,
22:28and that he had stayed with him in his house.
22:30He had helped him in Israel.
22:34And then, one day, he had to flee from Israel, without his passport, without anything, into Egypt, to get back
22:42to Europe.
22:46Back in Europe, de Mambro was jailed for a minor fraud in 1972.
22:52Once free, he managed to wangle a permit to live in Switzerland, where he set up a cultural foundation, which
22:59would develop into the order.
23:02I think the people who claim that de Mambro was a con man are right.
23:08I think that the people who claim that de Mambro was convinced about his spiritual message are right, too.
23:14De Mambro was just a kind of complex personality, actually a kind of schizophrenic and disturbed personality.
23:23The major, the terrible consequence of it is that he is a total loss of reality.
23:32And the dream world he elaborated was shared with several people, who more and more entered into his delusions.
23:42Thierry was one of many followers who lived in small communities, established and run by the order.
23:48De Mambro controlled every aspect of their lives.
23:59He'd say to us, for example, that our love for someone had now run its course on Earth.
24:04And if we didn't accept that, wait and see the troubles we'd have in our after-lives.
24:09So everything about our lives, the food we ate, our experiences in the crypts, the smallest things were controlled.
24:19So we lived with a sword constantly above our heads.
24:23But he was very clever.
24:25He said, you don't have to listen to me.
24:28I'm just a signpost.
24:30I'm just telling you the way.
24:33You can go which way you want.
24:36But then don't come to me afterwards and complain.
24:40As he was constantly showing us what a master he was in the crypts, in everything,
24:46we were completely taken over by his personality.
24:50It was like a child who loves his father.
24:53His father's everything.
24:55He'll believe what his father says is right.
24:57He was our father.
24:59And there were 50 children.
25:05The other leader, Luc Jure, had a very different background.
25:09A homeopathic doctor, he was well known on the New Age circuit in Canada.
25:14He preached a conventional ecological message, advocated a macrobiotic diet, and gave seminars on motivation.
25:24Jean-Francois Maier met him in 1987.
25:27Their discussions were surprisingly open.
25:29He spoke to me about some problems he had in his personal life,
25:33especially the premature death of a child, which obviously affected him quite a lot.
25:39Jure really was quite convinced that he had a mission to fulfil,
25:45that he was like a kind of representative of the Templar order into the profane world.
25:52But he confided me some details, which actually, if they would have been made public at the time,
26:00could have created some trouble for him.
26:03For instance, he told me, telling me to keep it as being confidential,
26:08that he had been ordained a priest by wandering bishop,
26:14and that he was officiating as a priest inside the group, inside the Templar order.
26:22Of course, nobody outside of the group knew that.
26:30I would have become involved with just about anything to stay with Dr. Jure.
26:34And I felt that if I was able to get closer to him, or at least to stay within the
26:41group,
26:42that at some point I would probably gain more knowledge,
26:47I would probably have access to revelations, to wonderful things.
26:52And even at, maybe at one point, to be in contact with either entities, or extraterrestrials, or whatever.
26:59That's the impression that I got.
27:01And you wanted that?
27:02Oh yes, I wanted that.
27:17Only the elite, who had passed all the initiations, from novice to knight,
27:22were treated to the secrets of the inner sanctum.
27:25Here, they were privy to startling revelations.
27:28Not only messages from their mysterious spiritual masters,
27:32but sometimes, apparitions of the figures themselves.
27:36Legends seem to come to life.
27:38Objects of tremendous spiritual significance mysteriously materialized.
27:48Proof, claimed de Manbro, of how blessed they all were.
27:55He would say to us,
27:59Do you realize that we are the only people on the planet to be seeing these things?
28:04That throughout history, there have been great souls, great saints,
28:09and they have never had a sign.
28:12And we have flashes, signs.
28:16We have the blood of Christ.
28:18We have masters who materialize in front of our very eyes.
28:22And Excalibur.
28:24And we have the menorah, the seven-branched candelabra which belonged in the Ark of the Covenant.
28:31One day, the Holy Grail, the very Holy Grail the Knights of the Round Table had sought after,
28:39appeared in the Ark of the Covenant.
28:42It had a shining quality.
28:46Didn't you have any doubts?
28:47No.
28:49We fell to our knees, to our knees with more than joy, to see the Holy Grail.
29:00While de Manbro was mesmerizing his followers, he himself was increasingly worried.
29:05He became convinced the order was under surveillance.
29:11He was convinced that we as a group were being listened to.
29:16He didn't want anyone to understand what we said to each other on the phone.
29:21And did he give you the slightest impression?
29:24Who might be doing that?
29:27Politicians, men of the state.
29:30I soon understood that this was a man who was afraid.
29:34It was hardly surprising.
29:36De Manbro had been involved with many questionable characters.
29:39One particular unsavory connection was Julien Origas, who lived here in the Chateau Doty in southwest France.
29:46What we can tell with certainty is that there was a connection with the renovated order of the Temple of
29:52Julien Origas,
29:54and Origas obviously had some interaction with some people on the right.
30:00On the far right.
30:01On the far right, yes.
30:02On the far right, okay.
30:04A Gestapo agent during the war, Origas had strong links with Mussolini and Italian fascists.
30:10The French detective Roger Facon found that after the war, when many collaborators were shot, Origas was allowed to slip
30:18back to France and set up a new Templar order.
30:22When Origas started his Neo-Templar order, well, there's this Templar vocation since his order was claiming a Templar heritage.
30:33So there's this Neo-Templar structure, there's this Neo-Templar language, there are these Neo-Templar teachings.
30:39But that's really just playing to the gallery.
30:44At the same time, there was a much more, shall we say, pragmatic purpose behind it all.
30:51And that was to report on the activity of the extreme French right in 1970, 1972, 1976.
30:59And that's when the far right was being rebuilt in France.
31:05Dimambro knew he could make good use of Origas' right-wing connections.
31:09By 1981, Origas was an old man, and Dimambro had persuaded him it was time to hand over the position
31:16of Grand Master to Luc Jure.
31:19As with everything in the order, it required secrecy and ceremony, as Thierry remembers.
31:27Then we had a very important ceremony.
31:30The ceremony of the passing of the torch from the old master who is dying to the new one.
31:37Dimambro now had access to Origas' extensive right-wing connections.
31:41But he may have bitten off more than he could chew.
31:45The letter to the French minister Pasqua mentions many members were not true Templars,
31:49but racists and terrorists organized by police special forces.
31:54Did some of these become enemies of the new leaders?
31:58I was told on a number of occasions that Dimambro was so important a planetary presence that many people wanted
32:06to eliminate him.
32:10Yet none of this background was mentioned in the official police investigation.
32:15In April 1996, the Swiss investigators held a press conference.
32:25Their chief investigator, Andre Piller, argued most of the dead were deluded and willing to die,
32:31and that Dimambro and Jure had become paranoid for no good reason.
32:38Our inquiry has found that the authors of this showed determination and the will to achieve their goal and designs.
32:47One can even say that they were obsessed by it.
32:56This was not a simple happening, but an apocalypse, the plan for which had been developed over a very long
33:03time.
33:16But our own investigations reveal a very different picture.
33:20There's little evidence to suggest the order was planning to annihilate itself.
33:24Quite the opposite.
33:27In Canada, by the late 1980s, the order was expanding, buying several properties near Montreal.
33:34It acquired this farm at Saint-Anne de la Parade, where it developed a new age community, heavily into organic
33:41farming.
33:42They even planned a nuclear shelter, hardly the act of an organization about to wipe itself out.
33:48But the order was increasingly concerned about official surveillance, and with good cause.
33:54It started late in 1992, when one of the Canadian leaders, Jean-Pierre Vinet, asked Hermann Delorme to lend him
34:01a gun to go hunting.
34:02At one point he said, it is possible that you won't see it again.
34:05I said, fine, no problem. Can you imagine being so stupid?
34:12Anyhow, so I gave him the gun, and two weeks later he comes back to me during another conference,
34:18and he says, well, what you brought to me was fine, but not exactly what I needed.
34:24He says, what I'm looking for is more in the way of something that is silenced.
34:29He says, could you find something that has a silencer?
34:31So I started asking around, and the first people I asked to were friends of mine,
34:35and one of those friends was a police officer, and he thought I was crazy.
34:42And sooner or later, I latched on to somebody that, without my knowledge, was a police informant.
34:49So as soon as I told him that I was looking for a gun with a silencer, he rang up,
34:54probably,
34:55probably rang up the SQ headquarters and said, hey, I got this guy here that's looking for a gun with
34:59a silencer.
35:01The Chirité Quebecoise, the Quebec police, convinced themselves Herman was setting up a terrorist cell.
35:08An informant was instructed to trap Herman by offering him an arsenal of weapons.
35:13The police also started to tap Herman's phone.
35:16This led them back to Jean-Pierre Vinet, who by coincidence happened to have an office in the same building
35:22as the Prime Minister of Quebec.
35:25That was enough for the police. They saw a major terrorist threat.
35:30In a classic sting, Delorme was sold the gun by the informant, allowed to take it away, and then arrested
35:37as he tried to deliver it to Vinet.
35:38So I saw this car blocking my way. Automatically, I just stepped on the brake, put it in reverse.
35:45But at the same time, another car comes up behind me and blocks my way.
35:50And then there's this van that comes up on the side, about ten feet from my car.
35:55The two doors open, and there's those two guys there that are yelling like banshees.
36:00And I've got machine guns or assault weapons pointed at me, and I just saw myself die.
36:10In fact, Delorme and Vinet were just fined $1,000 each for buying arms illegally.
36:20But when the Canadian press got hold of the tapes of the police tabs,
36:24they found the authorities in Europe were already watching the order.
36:28One journalist who heard the tapes works for Quebec's largest paper, La Presse.
36:36At a certain moment on the tapes, and this is in the hours before a warrant for his arrest was
36:45issued here,
36:48Jauré is complaining to Vinet, or his wife, that he had been arrested,
36:52that he was treated like a brigand.
36:57And he's outraged by that, he says.
37:02Now I tried to find out from the police who had arrested him and where,
37:07but it wasn't possible to do so.
37:09If we knew that, we would know the extent to which the group was being watched and suspected in Europe.
37:16The most likely scenario is that the Quebec police asked their counterparts in France and Switzerland to help.
37:22Martin Pelchat tried hard to follow the international trail.
37:28There was a warrant for the arrest that Jauré put out through Interpol.
37:32Now after he was found guilty here, did the police forces continue to keep the group under surveillance?
37:37That seems very probable to me.
37:41This might explain de Mambro's paranoia.
37:43It wasn't helped when in 1993, he and his wife were in Canada and applied to the French Embassy for
37:49new French passports.
37:50It should have been a standard request, but it was referred back to Paris.
37:54The lawyer in Quebec wrote to Jocelyne de Mambro in order to tell her,
38:01well, you should take that problem quite seriously.
38:04This is going to a higher level.
38:08Obviously, he had got wind that the French authorities had become a little bit suspicious.
38:14And so, through writing a letter like that,
38:17obviously, it confirmed the worst fears of the group.
38:21There were serious problems by early 1993.
38:25The Order was suffering from internal squabbles.
38:28De Mambro was quizzed on what he had done with the large sums of money donated by members.
38:33But far more significant, the Order's doctrines were being questioned.
38:37Thierry and some others discovered the apparitions of spiritual masters
38:40were just clever illusions created by lighting tricks and holograms.
38:49Everything that I had wondered about for years, but suppressed saying,
38:53I didn't want to believe it.
38:57And when I found out it was all false,
39:01it all came back up like a bubble to the surface of water.
39:06I wanted to kill myself.
39:08I really did want to kill myself.
39:10I just couldn't bear it anymore.
39:13De Mambro's reaction was characteristically ingenious.
39:18To keep the rebels on board, he revealed that they were in fact reincarnations of great saints.
39:27He put me back in a context that in many ways I didn't want to leave.
39:33I had worked 14 years in the group, believing in everything I was told.
39:38Now I discovered it was all false.
39:42But then Joe made me live through extraordinary experiences.
39:47Now I was told I was the vehicle for another reincarnation.
39:51That I was Saint Bernard of Clairvaux.
39:55De Mambro also resorted to blackmail.
40:01The case of Mr. Pillay.
40:03They compromised him completely.
40:05And when he refused to stump up any more money,
40:08they threatened him with revealing that he had had relations,
40:11sexual relations with Jure, yes.
40:16Under pressure from all sides, De Mambro fought back.
40:22De Mambro was dealing constantly with human problems.
40:26Which is not surprising when you're running an organisation like a dictator or like a Führer.
40:31When you're splitting couples up and creating others.
40:34You can hardly expect to have a quiet life.
40:37De Mambro was a guy who was used to difficulties.
40:40He lived in the midst of them.
40:42So, all of a sudden he's going to kill himself when faced with a problem?
40:46I'd say it's the opposite.
40:49Rather, he'd find a terrible energy to fight back.
40:53If there's a logic to apply in this case, it's certainly not that of giving up.
41:00The pressure on De Mambro was now coming from many directions.
41:04In January 1994, ten months before the deaths and then again in July,
41:08Fakhon was offered a commission.
41:09He is still unwilling to say by whom.
41:14Yes, they asked me to write a book which would expose the Order's leaders, De Mambro and Jure.
41:21And was it just the two of them or were there other figures involved?
41:27Yes, the leaders and also some others.
41:30Others who seemed to annoy them, who had risen in the ranks of the Solar Temple.
41:36And I have to say, in particular, that's when I first got to hear of certain Lardanchet.
41:46Lardanchet was one of the two French police officers seen near the chalets just after the first deaths.
41:52Both were found dead in the Vercors.
41:55No one knows whether they were true mystics or working undercover.
42:00After the first killings, both were interrogated and released.
42:03They were allowed to keep their service revolvers.
42:06It now turns out that these guns were used to kill some of the 16 in the Vercors itself.
42:19By 1994, the Order was riven with splits and tensions.
42:24The leaders were under suspicion.
42:26Some members knew the apparitions were bogus.
42:29And others were trying to get their money back from De Mambro.
42:33One day, I really had enough.
42:35He threatened me on the phone.
42:38The Order was really beginning to crumble.
42:40People...
42:42The fact that I left was a bombshell.
42:45People knew my sincerity.
42:47And they knew I'd given everything of myself for 14 years.
42:51And it started to seem very suspicious.
42:55People asked why I had left.
42:57I didn't say anything.
42:59I was left.
43:02Despite the defections, De Mambro didn't give up.
43:05In September 94, a week before the first deaths,
43:09125 members were summoned to a meeting at Avignon in France.
43:14De Mambro told them the Order would change its structure.
43:17And from now on, everyone would report directly to him.
43:21We've tracked down one man who was present.
43:26That's why the whole thing doesn't make sense.
43:29Well, it doesn't make sense.
43:31You might be hiding something.
43:34But did anything you heard, this was the 24th of September?
43:38Yeah, a week before.
43:41Nothing that you heard suggested to you that the Order was facing a major drama.
43:46No, on the contrary.
43:47Rather, it was a logical evolution.
43:50A new start.
43:53Rosemary Jaton found no sign her relatives were preparing to die.
43:57Her brother, her sister-in-law and their teenage children
44:00all had plans for the immediate future.
44:09What makes us think of murder is that he had plans.
44:13He had obtained his provisional driving license.
44:17And in September, he planned to take his driving test.
44:22And he even had a date for it fixed for later in October.
44:27None of that suggests that he meant to die.
44:37Others are convinced there was a conspiracy to destroy the Order.
44:41In Quebec City, the treasurer of the Order alleged to us
44:45that he and another member had received written anonymous death threats
44:49days before the massacre.
44:51Roger Guigier refused to speak on camera,
44:54but claimed he had given the Quebec police the threatening notes.
44:59The police consistently refused to give us an interview.
45:03Claiming the investigation is officially closed.
45:07Roger is not the only one to wonder whether the deaths might not have been engineered from the outside.
45:16Have we been told the whole truth?
45:18I'm sorry to say, but we still don't know whether the deaths were internal
45:22or involve some external agency.
45:24And that's why we feel intimidated and we're still afraid.
45:27My big fear is that people developing such conspiracy theories are actually just playing the game of Jodie Mambro without
45:38knowing it.
45:40They are playing his game through creating a myth.
45:44But can survivors imagine being so manipulated as to commit suicide?
45:50Kill myself? No.
45:53At least, God, I hope not.
45:54I asked the question to a friend of mine who knew Jure and de Mambro for 15 years.
46:01Is it possible that I could actually have committed suicide?
46:06And that person answered, Herman, try to remember what your attitude and your mental dispositions were early 1993.
46:14Keep pushing it for another six months and then put yourself in a situation at a certain time, a certain
46:24place,
46:25where through meditations, through rituals, you are continually engrossed in that and kept going forward and forward and forward.
46:33She says, it could have happened.
46:36And it might have.
46:38It might have.
46:39But I don't, somehow I don't believe that.
46:43That I could actually.
46:45Now, what scares me, and probably worse than anything, is when I realize that maybe, maybe I could have pulled
46:54the trigger.
46:55But not on myself.
46:59That scares me.
47:01The history of cuts is littered with mass suicides.
47:05But there has never been such a series of deaths.
47:08Four separate incidents over a period of 15 months.
47:12How can we now explain what happened in their car?
47:17I had personally spoken in the death after the events of October 94, with two of the people who died
47:26in their car.
47:27And with both of them, I had got the same feeling.
47:31They were still quite firm in their beliefs.
47:36But they were under deep shock about the way it had happened.
47:41None of them could give any explanation to himself or herself, and still less to the policemen, about why a
47:52gun was used and so on.
47:54They were just able to tell us, this is really horrible.
47:58And one of the two ones I was able to speak with told me, no, for me, no, it's finished.
48:05Seeing the way it has happened, I cannot go on. That's not possible.
48:14If we are to believe the official account, a group of middle-aged civil servants and businessmen and women organized
48:21three separate collective suicides on two continents within 24 hours of each other.
48:26And barely a year later, another 16 members, including two French policemen, also killed themselves in bizarre circumstances.
48:36All the authorities are desperately keen for us to believe this version, but the police investigation was undoubtedly flawed.
48:44They claim the leaders of the order were under such great pressure that they decided to kill themselves.
48:50But no one can point to one cause or event just before October the 4th, 1994, that could possibly have
48:57provoked the tragedy.
49:01Two years later, there are as many unanswered questions surrounding the investigation as around the original events themselves.
49:10What really happened to the solar temple may always remain a mystery.
49:15Did 69 people take their own lives? Or is there a more sinister story still to be told?
49:28It's very hard to live with. Sometimes I'm the prisoner of my dreams. And it's as if I'm jinxed. It's
49:39hard to get over.
49:43I've asked myself many questions. I have read the material, which even suggested links with the mafia and with P2.
49:52Now, if there really is some big secret here, which the government feels it's important not to reveal, at least
49:58they should tell us that.
50:00We can't keep asking ourselves questions forever.
50:04We, the families, need to be able to grieve, to do our mourning, and to get on with our lives.
50:10That's why we have to know exactly what happened.
50:13We need to know exactly what happened.
50:28We need to know exactly what happened.
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