00:06If you got a question and you don't know where to go, ask Nina for some help, cause she's got
00:11a science show.
00:12She makes sense of her senses while helping all her fans, by doing her experiments with potions and with bats.
00:18Touch her tongue, fingers, eyes, ears, nose.
00:24Every day we use our senses, wherever we may go.
00:31Tongue, fingers, eyes, ears, nose.
00:36Nina and the neurons find out what you need to know.
00:42Cookie helps us with our eyes and Felix with our touch.
00:45Ollie's sexist, smells and sounds, and some bells she hears so much.
00:48But it's Ollie's brother, he helps us with our taste.
00:51Then he has little neurons and they're coming to your place.
00:54Touch her tongue, fingers, eyes, ears, nose.
01:00Nina and the neurons find out what you need to know.
01:03Yeah!
01:03Nina and the neurons find out what you need to know.
01:06Oh yeah!
01:09Hi everyone!
01:11Hi Nina!
01:12Now I have got a really exciting experiment to show you today.
01:16Take a look at these glass rods.
01:19Now they look the same, they feel the same, but actually they're different.
01:23Take a closer look at the ends of the rods.
01:26Now you can see that one of the rods actually has a hole in the middle and the hole goes
01:30all the way through to the other side.
01:32It's a bit like a drinking straw, and this glass rod is what we call hollow, but the other one,
01:37there's no hole in the middle, it's glass all the way through, and that's what we call solid.
01:42So which rod would you say is the strongest?
01:45Solid!
01:46Solid!
01:47Okay, well let's put it to the test.
01:50Now, here is the hollow rod, and over here we have this solid rod.
01:57Now what I'm going to do is take some of these weights and one at a time put them on
02:02to these dishes to find out which glass rod is going to snap first.
02:07But safety first, I'm going to put my goggles on.
02:10Okay, are we ready?
02:11Yeah!
02:13Brilliant, can we have the lights down please?
02:15Okay, first weight.
02:19It's not that heavy.
02:22Can you hear any cracking of glass?
02:25No!
02:27Okay, will we try another one?
02:28Yeah!
02:34Now here's the third one.
02:40Here's number four.
02:44Here's the fifth one for the hollow glass rod.
02:48Number five onto the solid rod.
02:56And after all that, it's the solid rod that's broken, and the hollow rod is still in one piece.
03:03Now that may surprise you.
03:04You may have thought that having a hole in the middle and thin walls would make it weaker, but it
03:10actually allows the glass rod to bend.
03:13And because it can bend as the weights get heavier, it doesn't snap.
03:16But with the solid rod, it can't bend, so all it can do is snap.
03:22So the hollow rod was the strongest of all.
03:31Oh, I hear a beep, I see a flash.
03:33I wonder what they're going to ask.
03:39Hi, Nina.
03:40I'm Jennifer.
03:41I've got a question for you.
03:42Why can't we fly like birds?
03:45That's a great question, Jennifer.
03:47Why can't we fly like birds?
03:49I love seeing birds flying high in the sky, but why can't we do it too?
03:55Oh, thanks, Jennifer.
03:56I'll be around soon to help you answer your question.
03:58See you soon, Nina.
03:59Bye.
04:00Bye.
04:03Well, I'm going to need some help to answer this one, and I know just who to ask.
04:07Okay, neurons, time to get to work.
04:28Okay, today's question is why can't we fly like birds?
04:31Which neuron do you think will be most useful in helping us find the answer?
04:35Me.
04:36Me.
04:36Me.
04:37Me.
04:37Me.
04:38Me.
04:38Me.
04:38Will it be Fabulous Felix?
04:41I can help so very much, if you need the sense of touch.
04:44Will it be Beautiful Belle?
04:47I send messages to Graeme from ear.
04:49If there's a sound, I'll help you hear.
04:51Will it be Lovely Look?
04:53For looking and seeing, day or night, I'll help you with your sense of sight.
04:57Will it be Awesome Ollie?
05:00If it's Pony or Wiffy, but you can't tell, my messages help your sense of smell.
05:04Or will it be Baby Bud?
05:06Salty, salty, bitter or sweet, I'm your taste buddy whenever you eat.
05:14It's Felix!
05:17Go Felix!
05:19Go Felix!
05:20Go Felix!
05:21Go Felix!
05:22Go Felix!
05:23Go Felix!
05:24Go Felix!
05:24Go Felix!
05:34Go Felix!
05:36Go Felix!
05:37You'll be helping us, but stand by neurons.
05:39I may need help from all of you.
05:44Okay, let's go!
06:06Jennifer's question is about birds, soaring through the sky birds, hovering really high
06:11birds, fluttering and twittering birds.
06:13So today, for one day only, Jennifer, Eve and Eilish become the experimenters.
06:24Hi everyone.
06:25Hi Nina.
06:26And you must be Jennifer.
06:28And your question is, why can't we fly like birds?
06:31So why do you want to find out about that?
06:32Well, I always wanted to fly like a bird, but when I flap my arms, nothing happens.
06:39You're right.
06:40It doesn't matter how hard we flap our arms, we just can't fly.
06:43And to help answer your question, I think we need to find out a bit more about birds.
06:48And here at the Falkanoo Centre, we're going to see loads of birds in action.
06:51So are you ready?
06:52Yeah!
06:53And Felix, are you standing by, ready to help?
06:56Oh, it's my big moment.
06:57Standing by, ready to send lots of messages.
07:00Excellent.
07:01Let's go!
07:17Wow! Those birds are massive! They've got big pointy beaks and really, really big claws!
07:27Their claws are called talons, Bud, and they're big because they use them to catch food.
07:33Food? Like sausages and mashed potato?
07:37Not quite, Bud. This is a hawk, and it's what we call a bird of prey, which means it uses
07:43its talons to catch its food.
07:45And it likes to eat little animals like rats and mice.
07:48What else do we eat, Leela?
07:51Some birds eat insects. And when you think about it, too many insects and rats and mice wouldn't be very
07:57good for the environment.
07:58So because birds eat all of these, they're helping our planet. So birds are very important.
08:03Hi, Nina. Hi, girls.
08:06Now, guys, do you know what type of bird this is?
08:09An owl.
08:10Owl, that's right. An owl is also a bird of prey, and they usually hunt for their food at night,
08:15so they're very good at seeing in the dark.
08:17Would you like to hold, Bandit?
08:19Yes, please.
08:23Oh, that big glove smells lovely. Like leather.
08:27It's very important to put on that glove. Birds' talons can be very sharp, and they could give you a
08:33nasty scratch.
08:35He's a big bird, isn't he? How does he feel?
08:38Very light.
08:39So even though he looks like he'd be heavy, his body is light. And what's covering his body?
08:44Feathers.
08:45So all birds are covered in these lovely feathers. Now, we don't have feathers, do we?
08:50No.
08:51No, just a few freckles, maybe some hairs, but definitely no feathers.
08:55Maybe that's a clue as to why we can't fly. I've got an idea for another experiment. Let's go.
09:03Has anyone heard of the saying, as light as a feather?
09:06Yes.
09:08I've heard of that, Nina. It means something isn't heavy at all.
09:12That's right, Belle. But I think we should check whether these feathers are as light as they say.
09:17So everyone, pick up your feather, and when I say now, drop your feather. Now.
09:23Oh, what did the feathers do?
09:25They floated to the table.
09:27That's right.
09:28So they are very light. Now, look at this.
09:34It has a hole in the middle, just like a straw.
09:38Exactly. That's why feathers are so light. Because they're hollow. And because birds are covered in these feathers, they're also
09:45really light.
09:46Now, think back to the birds that we saw earlier. How are the wings of a bird different to our
09:50arms?
09:51They're sort of flat. And they have feathers on them.
09:55You're right. Birds' wings are flat and wide and covered with feathers. And the shape of their wings are very
10:01important. You see, the air goes under and over a bird's wing and lifts it up into the air. And
10:07once it's in the sky, it can move its feathers to change direction or to land.
10:11So, Jennifer, your question was, why can't we fly like birds? And we found out that birds are very light.
10:17They're covered with hollow, light feathers. And their feathers and the shape of their wings help lift them up into
10:23the sky and change direction.
10:25But we still don't know why we can't fly like birds. Oh, I know, a game we could play that
10:29might help us. Oh, let's go!
10:32These pieces of paper are exactly the same. They look the same. They're the same size. And they weigh the
10:39same.
10:40But we're going to change one very important thing. We're going to change their shape.
10:46Jennifer, I'd like you to make a paper aeroplane. And Eve, I'd like you to scrunch up your ball.
10:52And Eilish, I'd like you to leave the paper exactly the way it is.
10:56Fold it in half. Fold the corners into the middle. Good job.
11:01Now, scrunch it nice and tight.
11:11Well done! That's fantastic.
11:13We now have three pieces of the same paper, but they're all in different shapes.
11:17So let's see which shape flies through the air the best.
11:20So are you ready to throw your piece of paper?
11:22Yeah!
11:23Excellent! Let's throw!
11:29So, which shape flew the best?
11:32The plane!
11:33That's right! And did the shape of the plane remind you of anything?
11:37A bird.
11:39Correct!
11:39Hold on! How can a paper plane be the same as a bird? It doesn't have feathers!
11:46Oh, you make me laugh, bud. It's the shape. Birds and planes both have wings and pointy heads.
11:53And that shape is called an aerodynamic shape.
11:57Oh, that's a big word, Nina!
12:00Aerodynamic is a really big word, but it's an important word to help answer your question.
12:04We started with four pieces of paper exactly the same, but we changed their shape
12:09and discovered it was the aerodynamic shape that flew the best.
12:13And things that fly, like birds and planes, tend to be aerodynamic.
12:17But Nina, people aren't aero... er... aero... aerodi... people don't fly!
12:26That's right, bud. Birds and planes and things that fly are all aerodynamic, but we aren't.
12:31I think we've just answered your question.
12:39OK, Jennifer, you wanted to know why can't we fly like birds?
12:43And we found out that birds can fly because they have wings,
12:46they're covered in hollow feathers, which make them really light,
12:49and they're aerodynamic in shape, which is the best shape for flying.
12:53But people, on the other hand, we have no wings, we have no feathers,
12:57and we're not aerodynamic in shape.
12:59So that's why birds can fly, but people can't!
13:02Thanks, Nina!
13:33I'm happy, Mickey, I'mếuica!
13:34I win.
13:34Ah, it's been such a great day, man, seeing all those amazing birds of prey flying through the air.
13:42I really enjoyed myself today, especially smelling that lovely leathery glove the birds were sitting on.
13:49It's been a marvellous day. Bird feathers feel so soft and silky.
13:54I've had a fabby day, especially when Nina was making paper aeroplanes.
14:01That was great fun.
14:03We've had a sensational time. I hope you've enjoyed it too. See you again soon. Bye!
14:08Bye!
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