00:08If you got a question and you don't know where to go, ask Nina for some help, cause she's got
00:13a science show.
00:14She makes sense of her senses while helping all her fans by doing her experiments with potions and with bats.
00:20Touch her tongue, fingers, eyes, ears, nose.
00:26Nina and the neurons find out what you need to know. Nina and the neurons find out what you need
00:31to know.
00:32Luke, he helps us with our eyes and Felix with our touch. Ollie sniffs our smells and sends some bells
00:37she hears so much.
00:38But he's Ollie's brother, he helps us with our taste. They're Nina's little neurons and they're coming to your place.
00:44Touch her tongue, fingers, eyes, ears, nose. Nina and the neurons find out what you need to know.
00:53Nina and the neurons find out what you need to know.
00:56Oh yeah!
01:00Oh hello! Sorry, I've lost a pen and I think I've left it in this lab coat.
01:06Oh no! A burn mark! Oh no, I must have done it when I was ironing last week.
01:12Oh and it's left a big brown mark. Oh silly me.
01:17I hear a beep, I see a flash. I wonder what they're going to ask.
01:25Hi Nina. Hi guys.
01:27We've got a question for you. Why does toast go black when it burns?
01:32Oh that's a great question. Why does toast go black when it burns?
01:36Why don't you come down to my lab and we'll do some experiments to investigate.
01:40See you soon Nina. Bye.
01:42Bye.
01:44Well I'm going to need some help to answer this one and I know just who to ask.
01:48OK neurons, time to get to work.
02:09OK, today's question is why does toast go black when it burns?
02:14Now, which neuron do you think will be most useful in helping us find the answer?
02:18Me! Me! Me! Me! Me! Me!
02:21Will it be Fabulous Felix?
02:24I can help so very much if you need the sense of touch.
02:27Will it be Beautiful Belle?
02:29I send messages to Brain from ear. If there's a sound, I'll help you hear.
02:34Will it be Lovely Look?
02:36For looking and seeing, day or night, I'll help you with your sense of sight.
02:40Will it be Awesome Ollie?
02:42If it's Pony or Wiffy, but you can't tell, my messages help your sense of smell.
02:47Or will it be Baby Bud?
02:49Sour, salty, bitter or sweet? I'm your taste buddy whenever you eat.
02:57It's Bud and Ollie!
03:00Go Bud, go Ollie. Go Bud, go Ollie. Go Bud, go Ollie. Go Bud, go Ollie.
03:07Yippee! It's you and me, sis!
03:11Standby for a taste and smell-a-thon.
03:14Today's question is why does toast go black when it burns?
03:17Now we use our sense of taste to eat toast and our sense of smell to smell when it's burning.
03:23So Bud and Ollie will be helping me today.
03:25But standby neurons, I have a feeling I may need help from all of you.
03:29Right, I need to get the lab ready before the experimenters arrive.
03:34Morgan loves chocolate brownies, his friend Cameron loves to swim, but they both want to know about burnt toast.
03:41So today, for one day only, Morgan and Cameron become the experimenters!
03:50Hi guys!
03:51Hi Nina!
03:53Welcome to my science lab, it's lovely to see you.
03:56Now, your question was, why does toast go black when it burns?
04:01So why do you want to know?
04:03Because sometimes mine burns my toast. We want to know why it goes black.
04:09Well, I've burnt the odd piece of toast myself, to be honest.
04:12So it's a great question. So for our first experiment, we're going to use our senses.
04:17Whoop-whoop! A senses experiment! We're ready, Nina!
04:22So are you ready to experiment with toast?
04:24Yes!
04:25OK, Roke. Now a toaster can become really hot, so I'm going to be extra careful.
04:30You should never touch the toaster at home, as it could burn you.
04:34OK, how does that look? Would you call that toast?
04:39No.
04:40No, it's not quite toast yet. OK, well, let's leave that piece there, and we'll put these two in for
04:46a little bit longer.
04:50Oh, I can smell it toasting now.
04:54Bud, you're drooling!
04:56Sorry!
05:00Oh!
05:02What do you think now?
05:04It's browning, and it's hard.
05:07Does that look like toast should look?
05:09Yeah.
05:10Yeah? I think so. It looks pretty tasty.
05:12Oh, it smells delicious.
05:15But when's Nina going to taste it?
05:18Sorry, Bud, that's not part of the experiment.
05:22Hmm.
05:23Not fair!
05:26Oh!
05:28What can you smell now?
05:29I can smell burning.
05:31Burning.
05:32Burning.
05:32Burning.
05:32Oh, my goodness!
05:34Uh-oh.
05:37Oh, I definitely burnt the toast this time.
05:40Oh, and look.
05:42There's that black stuff you were talking about.
05:45Oh, I'll scrape it all off there.
05:47Oh, and it smells smoky and burnt, doesn't it?
05:51Now, why do you think it burnt?
05:53Because you left it in the toaster too long.
05:56Yes, our senses experiment has shown
05:58that when bread is heated up enough,
06:00it toasts and gets browner and browner
06:03and smells lovely.
06:04But if we toast it too long, it turns black.
06:08But why does it turn black?
06:10And does everything turn black when it burns?
06:13I think we need to do another experiment.
06:17Now, I'm using the Bunsen burner
06:19to burn things in this experiment today,
06:22so that's why I'm wearing my safety goggles
06:24and my protective gloves.
06:25And that's why you guys are standing well back, OK?
06:28That's right.
06:29Nina has been specially trained to do this.
06:32You must never go near fires
06:34or try to burn things as you could get hurt.
06:37I want to see what happens to different items
06:40when I burn them.
06:41Are you ready?
06:42Yeah!
06:43OK, now let's see what happens
06:45when I try to burn the metal key.
06:52What's happening to the key?
06:54It's not burning.
06:55It's not burning.
06:56No, it's not burning, is it?
06:58But the metal is very hot,
07:00so I'm going to put it in a safe place.
07:02Next, the potato.
07:10What's happening to the potato?
07:11It's burning.
07:12It's burning.
07:12I wouldn't like to eat it.
07:15Ugh, I can smell it.
07:17That burnt, smoky smell.
07:20Hmm.
07:21First Nina burns toast
07:22and now potatoes.
07:24Next, the stone.
07:30Is the stone burning?
07:32No.
07:33So the metal key and the stone didn't burn.
07:36And finally, the pasta.
07:45What's happening to the pasta?
07:46It's been burning.
07:49Oh, it's definitely burnt.
07:52And it looks black.
07:54OK, so what burned and what didn't?
07:58The potato and the pasta burned.
08:01The stone and the key didn't burn.
08:06So the foods that we burned turned black,
08:09but the things that weren't food didn't turn black.
08:12In science, we call the black stuff that you see in burnt food carbon.
08:17But what is carbon?
08:19To find out more, we're going to visit a place
08:21where there's lots of fire and burning.
08:23So let's go.
08:30Here we go.
08:31I can't wait to see where we'll end up today.
08:34Nina said it's a place where there's lots of fire and burning.
08:37I wonder if it's a campfire
08:39with all those crackly sparking noises.
08:42And that strong, smoky smell of burning.
08:47Like, over there?
08:53This place is quite mysterious.
08:55Have you any idea why I've brought you here?
08:57No.
08:58Well, we have a burning question that we need answered.
09:01And this is just the place to do it.
09:04Come with me.
09:07Wow-wee!
09:08What are those big metal things?
09:11These are called kilns, bud.
09:13And look, you can see all the smoke coming out of its chimneys.
09:16It's pretty cool, eh?
09:17They don't feel very cool to me, Luke.
09:19In fact, they're roasting hot.
09:22Well, that's because a kiln is a bit like a big oven, Felix.
09:25But you don't put food in it.
09:27You put wood in it.
09:29Lots and lots of wood.
09:31And I know someone who can show us more.
09:33So follow me.
09:41Hi, Giles.
09:42Hi, Nina.
09:43Would you like to see what the kiln does to the wood?
09:45Oh, yes, please.
09:47Oh, over here, guys.
09:53Have you seen this black stuff before?
09:54Yes, sometimes my dad uses it for my barbecue.
09:58Oh, well, this is charcoal.
10:00What colour is it?
10:01Black.
10:02It is black.
10:03And what do you think it's made of?
10:05It looks a bit like the black stuff on Nina's burnt toast.
10:09Is it carbon?
10:11That's right.
10:11Charcoal is made of carbon.
10:13And to make charcoal, wood from trees is roasted in one of these big kiln ovens for hours and hours.
10:20It's a bit like putting bread into a toaster.
10:21And most of the wood burns away until only carbon is left.
10:26So do trees have carbon in them, Nina?
10:29Yes, they do, Morgan.
10:30In fact, all plants have carbon in them.
10:33From the smallest blade of grass to the biggest tree.
10:37Carbon is found in all living things.
10:40So, is anyone hungry?
10:43Yes!
10:44Me!
10:45Me, me, me, me, me, me, me, me, me, me!
10:48Yes, we are, Nina.
10:53A barbecue?
10:55A real sausage munching kebab nibbling barbecue?
11:00Yes!
11:02Yes!
11:03Now, these have been cooking for a little while.
11:05And those little black bits tell us that there's carbon in the food.
11:10OK, let's eat!
11:23Right, experimenters, your question was, why does toast go black when it burns?
11:28I think we need to find out more about what toast is made from.
11:32Bread is usually made from a plant called wheat.
11:35Now, this is what wheat looks like when it's grown in a farmer's field.
11:40So, to make bread, wheat is ground down into wheat flour,
11:45and then mixed with other ingredients and baked.
11:48This wheat has carbon in it, so the bread that's made from it has carbon in it too.
11:53It's just that we don't see it until we toast it and it burns.
11:59So, your question was, why does toast go black when it burns?
12:03And I think we've answered it.
12:04We discovered that all food has something in it called carbon.
12:09And carbon is found in all living things, from trees and plants to the animals that eat them.
12:15And bread contains carbon because it's made from plants like wheat.
12:19And when it burns in the toaster, most of the bread burns away, leaving only the black carbon.
12:24So, I hope that's answered your question.
12:27Yes, yes, thanks, Nina.
12:32That's me back in the lab with a nice full tummy.
12:35Oh, that barbecue is so tasty.
12:40If you want to know more about the science that's all around us,
12:44go to the Nina section on the CBeebies website.
12:46Have fun!
12:51Lab coat on, Nina.
12:53Lab coat on, Ollie.
12:54Safety gloves on, Nina.
12:56Safety gloves on, Felix.
12:58And don't forget your goggles, Nina.
13:00Goggles are on, Luke.
13:02I think we're ready.
13:05We do experiments in the lab.
13:08In the lab.
13:09In the lab.
13:10In the lab.
13:11Bubbling experiments in the lab.
13:14In the lab.
13:15Go, Nina.
13:16In the lab.
13:16Nina and the lab.
13:17We say the puppets, demons smoke.
13:20We need protection, don't we, folks?
13:23We always put our safety first.
13:28Shoo-bee-doo-bee-doo-bee-doo-bee.
13:29We do experiments in the lab.
13:32In the lab.
13:33Go, Nina!
13:34I really enjoyed myself today.
13:36The toast smelled delicious until Nina burned it.
13:40Ah, it's been such a great day, man, seeing what burned and what didn't.
13:46It's been a marvelous day, feeling lots of heat from those charcoal kilns.
13:51I've had a barbie day!
13:54The barbecue was absolutely tastetastic!
13:59Hee-hee!
14:00Our day's been bursting with sensational experiments.
14:03I hope you've enjoyed it!
14:05See you soon, bye!
14:06Bye!
14:07Find the newborns.
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