Un programma storico che ha documentato la storia del nostro paese in una riedizione preparata con l'intento di riportare alla luce personaggi ed eventi che offrono ancora un'occasione di riflessione. Protagonista di questa puntata: Don Milani
| #Dio #Gesú #Religione #Santi #Santo #SpiritoSanto #Santa #Maria #Madonna #Preghiera #Preghiere #Chiesa #Chiese #Papa #Papi #Amen
| #Dio #Gesú #Religione #Santi #Santo #SpiritoSanto #Santa #Maria #Madonna #Preghiera #Preghiere #Chiesa #Chiese #Papa #Papi #Amen
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TVTrascrizione
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01:30Harsh and provocative words.
01:33It is not a Marxist ideologue who pronounces them
01:35nor a South American guerrilla
01:37but he is a priest, a 35 year old Tuscan priest
01:42Don Lorenzo Milani.
01:44These are words taken from pastoral experiences
01:47the first text written by Don Milani
01:50in the late 50s.
01:52It's a sort of ideal manifesto
01:56of an uncomfortable and rebellious priest
01:58a priest who ten years later
02:00will shake the conscience of the church
02:02of the school, of the whole Italian society
02:04with another book
02:06Letter to a teacher
02:39In Barbiana, in the province of Florence
02:41the students of Don Lorenzo Milani's school
02:44they protest against the Italian school system
02:46backlog. It's 1967
02:48all together
02:49those guys write a book
02:51and they title it Letter to a Teacher.
02:56We wanted to highlight
02:59as much as the state school
03:01it was a classist school
03:02how much he didn't prepare the boys
03:05to be capable people
03:06to face the life of tomorrow
03:08and be above all
03:09of sovereign citizens
03:11so it is born in this context
03:13with the aim of course
03:14to change the school.
03:18Letter to a teacher
03:20it's an indictment
03:21against a school system
03:22which evaluates in the same way
03:24the children of the rich
03:25and the children of the poor.
03:27But almost always
03:28well, I don't know if I should say it
03:30he should be moved back a class
03:32they are very backward in preparation
03:34sorry but unfortunately
03:36but the families themselves understand it
03:38and they seek, they themselves ask for it
03:40to pass him a class
03:42put him a class behind.
03:44I understand.
03:45And what do you attribute it to?
03:47this poor preparation
03:48some children coming from up there?
03:50But maybe, I don't know
03:51as the parents
03:52they live in an environment of misery
03:54worry is the loaf
03:56not really, in short
03:58the book
03:58and send them to school
04:00can the truth be told?
04:01Yes, yes.
04:02Almost to free himself.
04:04I was thinking exactly that
04:06like that teacher
04:07that he said
04:08there is a 4-question assignment
04:09I give it 4
04:10after having been Barbiana
04:13I thought of her as Don Lorenzo
04:15a blasphemy.
04:16Barbiana
04:17Municipality of Vicchio
04:18a few kilometers from Florence
04:19in those years
04:20a remote corner of Italy
04:2339 inhabitants
04:24between shepherds and farmers
04:26nevertheless
04:26it's right from there
04:27that Don Lorenzo Milani
04:29launches his
04:30sensational protest
04:32against the institution
04:34but why
04:35Barbiana itself?
04:38How did it end up there?
04:39Don Lorenzo?
04:40And above all
04:41Who is Don Lorenzo Milani?
04:46Scion of a wealthy Florentine family
04:48in 1943
04:50Lorenzo Milani is 19 years old
04:52lives in a secular environment
04:54cultured and refined
04:55and has a passion
04:57the painting
04:59The master
05:00he spoke to me
05:01of necessity
05:02to always seek
05:03the essential
05:03to see things
05:05as a unit
05:06where every part
05:06it depends on the other
05:07It wasn't enough for me
05:09look for these relationships
05:10among the colors
05:10I wanted to look for them
05:12between my life
05:13and the people of the world
05:14and I took
05:15another road
05:18It's while he's frescoing
05:19a deconsecrated chapel
05:21that Lorenzo Milani
05:21finds his calling
05:23leafing through an old missal
05:24in moments of rest
05:26he discovers the Gospel
05:27it's the revelation
05:29of a pure faith
05:30essential
05:33Religion for me
05:35it consists only
05:36in observing
05:37the ten commandments
05:38and confess early
05:39when they have not been observed
05:41everything else
05:42it's bullshit
05:44Lorenzo Milani
05:46he is ready to convert
05:47to Catholicism
05:48I met Don Milani
05:50when he showed up
05:52in November 1943
05:54in the seminary
05:55to become a priest
05:57something that
05:58it impressed us
05:59very much
06:00it was his cure
06:02to live poorly
06:05so much so that
06:07in his room
06:09which was also poor
06:10like all ours
06:12he doesn't want the bed
06:13but I want a cot
06:14not only
06:15but the shoes
06:16he cut them out
06:18from a bundle
06:19of motorcycle
06:20putting some ties on it
06:22leather
06:22quite elegant
06:24was looking for
06:25it would seem
06:26of a shape
06:28of poverty
06:29almost Franciscan
06:33left the seminary
06:35Lorenzo Milani
06:36is appointed
06:37chaplain
06:37of the parish
06:38of San Donato
06:39from Calenzano
06:39on the Tuscan Apennines
06:41at the gates of Florence
06:42It's 1947
06:44him
06:45the young gentleman
06:46came from the city
06:47he finds himself isolated
06:48in a reality
06:49rural
06:50very backward
06:51his parishioners
06:52they are mostly
06:52workers
06:53laborers
06:54and shepherds
06:54it doesn't matter
06:56In short
06:56let them come to church
06:57every Sunday
06:58first you have to
06:59to take care of
06:59of their poverty
07:00of their illiteracy
07:02of their being
07:04last and exploited
07:05from beasts
07:07you can become men
07:08and by men
07:09become saints
07:10but from beasts to saints
07:12of just one step
07:13you can't become
07:15the priest
07:16then he decides
07:17to do that
07:18that the State
07:18he didn't do it
07:19and that the church
07:20he thinks he doesn't have to do anything
07:22give to those people
07:23education
07:24to which they would be entitled
07:25before being a priest
07:26he will have to be a master
07:27it's the intuition
07:29by Don Milani
07:29starting from school
07:32with the school
07:33I won't be able to make them Christians
07:35but I will be able to make them men
07:36he succeeded
07:38to reunite
07:38all the boys
07:39of the country
07:40of the parish
07:42but also
07:43of other parishes
07:45that maybe
07:46in the evening
07:46they went to play cards
07:48or at the foosball table
07:49or ping pong
07:51or to the people's house
07:53or to the parish recreation center
07:55of other parishes
07:56he succeeded
07:57Instead
07:58to make them come
07:59at the popular school
08:01of San Donato
08:01what I don't have
08:05is to do it
08:07from the beginning
08:07Don Milani
08:08attracts young people
08:09with the activities
08:10of the oratory
08:10but then he understands
08:12what a pinball machine
08:13and ping pong
08:13they may also be
08:15a reminder
08:15for the boys
08:16but
08:16they distract them
08:17from faith
08:19he proposed himself
08:21or school
08:21or game
08:22and then
08:24we made up our minds
08:25all together
08:26to take
08:27all these tools
08:29throw them into the well
08:30which is found
08:31in the cloister
08:34of the parish
08:36where there was
08:36the popular school
08:37Don Milani
08:39he is convinced
08:40that only culture
08:41can help farmers
08:42to overcome
08:43their resignation
08:44he wanted to teach
08:46to speak
08:47to everyone
08:48even to farmers
08:49so that they could then
08:50to defend oneself
08:51Also
08:52towards the masters
08:54and to someone
08:55he said it
08:55come to school
08:56that you will defend yourself
08:58from the master
08:59from the factor
09:00and from the priest
09:02he had intuited
09:03that true wealth
09:03of the rich
09:04it's not the money
09:05but it's the culture
09:06knowing how to dominate
09:07the word
09:08this great medium
09:09of communication
09:10that makes you laugh
09:11that makes you cry
09:11that excites
09:12that manages to convey
09:14thought
09:14or manages to deceive
09:15thought
09:17for those who own
09:18the word
09:18all free choice
09:19for those who didn't have it
09:21all the grim destiny
09:22what I don't have
09:24grandson of a great philologist
09:26like Domenico Comparitti
09:27descendant of a lineage
09:29of intellectuals
09:30and scientists
09:30Don Milani
09:31he knows well what power
09:32have the culture
09:33and he also knows
09:34that in Italy
09:35outside the bourgeois buildings
09:37the situation
09:38of education
09:39it's depressing
09:40at the beginning
09:40of the 50s
09:41more than half
09:42of the Italians
09:43he doesn't have a license
09:43elementary
09:46and how old are you?
09:4813 years old
09:49and why
09:50don't you go to school?
09:51I've already done it
09:52the school
09:52I had children
09:53in had
09:54and yes but you know
09:54that you should go there
09:55even now
09:56at school?
09:56I would like to go
09:57at school
09:57but it wouldn't take that
09:58why at home
09:59they are in great need
10:00I would like to study
10:01as?
10:02prefer
10:03continue school
10:04it takes
10:05a lot of money
10:06that my father
10:07Unfortunately
10:07there isn't any
10:10the illiterate
10:11there are 5 million
10:12and a half
10:13almost 13%
10:15of the population
10:15don't you ever read a newspaper?
10:17No
10:17they are in the alphabet
10:18as per law
10:18he doesn't know anything
10:19of the world
10:19Nothing
10:20While
10:21the prime minister
10:23of the detail
10:23to
10:24Nixon
10:26explodes
10:26in Washington
10:28new
10:35revolution
10:38Don Milani
10:39decides to leave
10:40from reading
10:41of the newspapers
10:42in class
10:42with his students
10:44he also dwells
10:45for hours
10:45on the meaning
10:46of every word
10:47every word
10:48that you don't learn now
10:49it's a scam
10:50in addition
10:51a kick
10:52in the ass
10:52what are you taking tomorrow
10:54the careful analysis
10:56of the most burning issues
10:57of current events
10:58Don Milani door
10:59to consider
11:00even the problems
11:01of impartiality
11:02of journalism
11:02it's like this
11:03that invites
11:04to speak
11:05at his school
11:05also Ettore Bernabei
11:07director of the newspaper
11:08of Florence
11:09the morning paper
11:10the meeting
11:12at the start
11:13yes it was
11:14Enough
11:15polemical
11:16let's say
11:16these guys
11:18very good
11:19Very
11:19wake up
11:20but
11:21very careful
11:22they had prepared themselves well
11:24under the guidance
11:25by Lorenzo Milani
11:27he didn't expect it
11:28that we
11:28if it had been done
11:29a search
11:30of this type
11:30they made me
11:31a series
11:32of disputes
11:34on how they were given
11:36certain news
11:38unions
11:39and then he got angry
11:43In short
11:43he didn't take it well
11:45let's say so
11:46and then
11:47that evening
11:48we broke up
11:49a little bad
11:50In short
11:51but Don Lorenzo
11:52then he was able to
11:53to purify
11:54in fact I returned
11:57we resumed
11:58this speech
12:00and then
12:01we also find
12:03a
12:04how should I say
12:04a plan
12:06common
12:06Of
12:07Of
12:07Of
12:08of reasoning
12:11that of Don Milani
12:13it's a school
12:13without predefined positions
12:14without a chair
12:16without plans
12:17nor votes
12:17there isn't even one
12:18the crucifix
12:19on the wall
12:19he had taken it off
12:21as
12:22which he did not want to prevent
12:24to atheists
12:25to the religious
12:27to those who did not believe
12:29to the communists
12:30to the socialists
12:30prevented him
12:32to come
12:32at the popular school
12:34it was born as a school
12:36and it was
12:37until recently
12:38now it has become
12:39something more
12:40a kind of company
12:41of mutual fund companies
12:43a party
12:44a religious community
12:45a Masonic lodge
12:47a cenacle of apostles
12:49it's something of all this
12:50and none of this
12:53something more
12:54of a school
12:55Really
12:56in San Donato
12:57from Calenzano
12:58Don Milani
12:59he created something
13:00of radically
13:01radically different
13:02something that
13:03it shocks
13:04the rules
13:05of teaching
13:06and of the relationship
13:07hierarchical
13:08between student
13:09and master
13:10and now
13:10the church
13:11start looking
13:12with attention
13:13and also with concern
13:14to that young priest
13:16full of enthusiasm
13:17a resource
13:18but also a danger
13:20for the ecclesiastical hierarchies
13:21in Italy
13:22of those years
13:23the church demands
13:24of the priests
13:25obedience
13:26in the doctrine
13:27and in political choices
13:29Indeed
13:30It's April 1948
13:32it's time
13:33of choice
13:37The first elections
13:38Italian policies
13:39post-war
13:40set for April 18
13:421948
13:43they are marked
13:44from the opposition
13:45between the Communist Party
13:46and Christian democracy
13:48Don Lorenzo Milani
13:50at the start
13:51like most
13:52of the Italian clergy
13:54adheres
13:55to the countryside
13:57in favor
13:58of Christian democracy
13:59by Alcide De Gasperi
14:01probably
14:02will have attacked
14:03even some posters
14:05electoral
14:05will have brought
14:06of the votes
14:07it's the story
14:08who threw herself at me
14:09April 18th
14:10he ruined everything
14:11it was winning
14:13my great defeat
14:14The guidelines
14:16moderates
14:17which have allowed
14:19At that time
14:19to Christian democracy
14:21to collect
14:22an avalanche
14:23of votes
14:23in fact
14:24they left behind
14:26of the instances
14:28of social justice
14:29that there were
14:30in part
14:31in the parties
14:32left
14:32of then
14:33and that they were
14:34warned
14:34also from the side
14:36weaker
14:37of his students
14:39in San Donato
14:39from Calenzano
14:40For a priest
14:41what a misfortune
14:42bigger?
14:43to be free
14:44to have in hand
14:45sacraments
14:45room
14:46Senate
14:47press
14:47radio
14:48bell towers
14:49pulpits
14:50school
14:50and with this wealth
14:52by divine means
14:53humans
14:53gather
14:54the beautiful fruit
14:55to be laughed at
14:56from the poor
14:56hated by the most devout
14:58loved by the strongest
15:00he had
15:02in those times there
15:04the positions
15:06that in the council
15:08Vatican II
15:09then clearly
15:10have been expressed
15:11that is to say
15:12a clear distinction
15:14between what is the church
15:16and what is politics
15:17how will it be done to Don Benzi
15:19to explain to generations
15:21that will come
15:21what was it
15:22the clash
15:23between Catholics and the left
15:24in this country
15:24in these years
15:25but who will tell it?
15:27the story of us priests
15:28poor priests
15:29he is caught between two fires
15:30communists on one side
15:31unable to free themselves
15:32of that doctrine
15:33that is worth nothing
15:34who knows nothing
15:35of freedom
15:36and the old church
15:37old church
15:40who can't get over it
15:41I'm going to put all this behind me
15:45even though very far away
15:47from Marxism
15:48Don Milani
15:49however, he shares it
15:50the fight
15:51to social injustices
15:52maybe the communist party
15:55had had
15:57an attitude
15:58of envy
15:58towards Don Lorenzo Milani
16:01in his insistence
16:05on the necessity
16:06to promote culturally
16:09who from school
16:10he had been expelled
16:12and cut off
16:13and in reality
16:15the intellectual establishment
16:18Communist
16:19he didn't agree at all
16:20even illustrious people
16:22they write in rebirth
16:24against this idea
16:25that we have to go
16:27beyond elementary school
16:28we must arrive
16:29at eight years old
16:30we must arrive
16:31to the middle school diploma
16:32a unified average
16:35where everyone goes
16:36but this seemed
16:38a scandalous thing
16:41Of his parishioners
16:43the chaplain lives
16:43almost on your own skin
16:45unemployment
16:46the housing crisis
16:47poor hygienic conditions
16:49it's thinking about them
16:50that Don Milani
16:51proposes his own
16:53personal parable
16:56once upon a time
16:57a rich man who had
16:58three large villas
16:59lived in a poor nation
17:01a nation where
17:02eight out of ten children
17:03they have known each other since they were little
17:04all married life
17:06because their home
17:07it's a single room
17:08and beds
17:09he touches one
17:10every two or three people
17:11where many sisters
17:12they know closely
17:13the brothers
17:14some daughter
17:15his father
17:15where the one who coughs
17:17he has been sleeping for years
17:17with the children still healthy
17:19but healthy for a few
17:20after the war
17:22of three villas
17:23that gentleman had
17:24the enere state vote two
17:25poor people entered the other one
17:28without permission
17:28and yet the priest
17:30when he passes with holy water
17:31laughs with joy
17:33and always sends
17:34a furtive thank you
17:35to the Father of Heaven
17:36who blessed
17:37the big useless house
17:38In short
17:39this priest
17:40when you were talking to us
17:42he could never get out of it
17:43indifferent
17:43or he came out with
17:45an extraordinary love
17:46or in an extraordinary way
17:52his message
17:53it's disruptive
17:54there is no shortage
17:55as always
17:56the many right-thinking people
17:57who report
17:57his unusual
17:59apostolate to the curia
18:03and the ecclesiastical hierarchies
18:05they don't stand by and watch
18:06after all
18:07they have an easy game
18:08they challenge the young priest
18:10the fact of not speaking
18:11but in religion class
18:12to have removed
18:13the crucifix from the classroom
18:14to confuse
18:15political ideas
18:16of his students
18:16with overly complex speeches
18:18In short
18:18an indictment
18:19in full compliance
18:20but he
18:21Don Milani
18:21continues on its way
18:23and it gets closer
18:24to the positions
18:24of the mayor of Florence
18:25Giorgio Lapira
18:27Lapira
18:28it's somehow
18:29in the eye of the storm
18:31of the Roman Curia
18:32since the 50s
18:33Why
18:36in a manner
18:38extra-partisan
18:40takes responsibility
18:42of a government
18:44of Florence
18:45center-left
18:47when still
18:48the problem
18:49of the opening
18:50left
18:51he was obsessed
18:52the ecclesiastical hierarchies
18:54and the Roman party
18:55in particular
18:56the Roman Curia
18:57to the elections
18:58of 53
18:59Don Milani
19:00advises Catholics
19:01to vote for the DC
19:02but giving preference
19:03to the trade unionists
19:04and not to the candidate
19:05of Catholic Action
19:06while implying
19:07to atheists
19:08which is preferable
19:09the PC
19:09and San Donato
19:11responds to the call
19:12of the priest
19:12the Christian Democrat list
19:14records a collapse
19:15unprecedented
19:16in Florence
19:17Cardinal Elia
19:18from the coast
19:19he's furious
19:20he who always has
19:21protected Don Milani
19:22Now
19:22he orders him to be silent
19:29radical criticism
19:32and the fracture
19:33of which Don Milani
19:34it is an emblem
19:36it is political dissent
19:38for many years
19:39for decades
19:40in the Italian church
19:41political dissent
19:43it was seen
19:43like a heresy
19:44it has been equated
19:47to religious dissidence
19:48the disruptive force
19:51at that moment
19:531950s
19:54war years
19:55cold
19:56incipient
19:56by Don Lorenzo Milani
19:58and that taught him
19:59a criticism
20:00constructive
20:02towards
20:02of all institutions
20:04Lorenzo Milani
20:05he had a character
20:07difficult
20:07strong
20:08we must recognize
20:10that also
20:10with the bishop
20:13he was
20:15extremely
20:16stubborn
20:17it wasn't
20:18a temperament
20:19Pacific
20:20Don Milani
20:21we can say it
20:23maybe it was
20:24an absolutist
20:25of his faith
20:27I was deluding myself
20:29to still be
20:30a Catholic priest
20:31but now that the priests
20:32closer
20:33in perfect agreement
20:34they tore me to pieces
20:35I appear
20:37to the eyes
20:37of the people
20:38like an isolated priest
20:39and an isolated priest
20:41it's useless
20:41it's like jerking off
20:43there is an adhesion
20:44to the language
20:45of the poor
20:46and then
20:47one thing
20:48to that language
20:50because that's the language
20:51on the other
20:52there is an attitude
20:54deliberately
20:55sometimes
20:56irreverent
20:57provocative
20:57of criticism
20:58towards
21:00of a style
21:01clerical
21:03which is precisely
21:04of the church
21:05where things
21:05they say they are
21:06in a felted way
21:07shaded
21:08sometimes even
21:19ambiguous
21:20of the backside
21:22ass
21:23and good luck
21:25in those years
21:26Don Milani
21:27an investigation begins
21:28on how they live
21:28faith
21:29and his parishioners
21:30the data
21:31the observations
21:31and the complaints
21:32that arise from it
21:33they will merge
21:35in the book
21:35pastoral experiences
21:36of 1958
21:37he understood that
21:40certain forms
21:41of worship
21:43of behavior
21:44of association
21:47to live
21:49in the various
21:51community
21:55in various forms
21:57of human society
21:59that were fine
22:01in the nineteenth century
22:02they weren't going well anymore
22:03in the twentieth century
22:04the world is changing
22:06these are the years
22:07of the rapid
22:08modernization
22:09of industrialization
22:11of development
22:11of the cities
22:12in the countryside
22:13discontent is spreading
22:14strikes
22:15struggles and laborers
22:16and above all
22:16a strong emigration
22:17but Don Milani
22:19he's not watching
22:20and proposes
22:21of the solutions
22:22our proposal
22:24more moderate
22:25it would be a law
22:25so drafted
22:26Article 1
22:28the land belongs
22:29to those who have the courage
22:30to cultivate it
22:30Article 2
22:32the farmhouses
22:33they belong
22:34to those who have the courage
22:34to inhabit them
22:36Article 3
22:36the cattle
22:38belongs
22:38to those who have the courage
22:39to clean them up
22:40everyday
22:40the stable
22:41Article 4
22:42the woods belong
22:44to those who have the courage
22:44to live in the mountains
22:46we need to recover
22:47even all the riches
22:49that for centuries
22:50they left
22:50from the earth
22:51towards the living rooms
22:52citizens
22:53you have to throw them away
22:54at the feet of the peasants
22:56beg them
22:56to forgive us
22:57but also for this
22:59it's already late
23:00a priest
23:02that he threw
23:03messages
23:04of this magnitude
23:05he was coming
23:07exchanged
23:08for a communist
23:09but in reality
23:09it was a category
23:10wrong
23:10he was a priest
23:12which was posed
23:13from the point of view
23:14of a
23:15revitalization
23:16of the message
23:17evangelical
23:18authentic
23:19and then
23:20it's clear
23:20that in this sense
23:21it exceeded by a lot
23:23not only
23:23the hierarchies
23:24ecclesiastical
23:25but also
23:26the positions
23:26somewhat ossified
23:28of many of the parties
23:29of the left
23:31for the Vatican
23:32the message
23:33of the priest
23:33of San Donato
23:34it is unacceptable
23:35December 20th
23:361958
23:37an article
23:38of the Roman observer
23:39he pans his book
23:40the Holy Office
23:41prohibits its dissemination
23:43Don Lorenzo Milani
23:45he suffered a lot from it
23:46for a provision
23:47of that kind
23:48because in fact
23:49it was closed
23:51inside the stereotype
23:53of the heretic
23:55pastoral experiences
23:56it has been gutted
23:58word for word
24:00looked with
24:01the microscope
24:01sentence by sentence
24:02to be able to do so
24:03to nail
24:04doctrinally
24:05he couldn't nail it
24:06Why
24:07the book was condemned
24:09but not like
24:10a book
24:11against the doctrine
24:13he was sentenced
24:14because it was
24:15too advanced
24:15for Catholics
24:17all for Benino
24:18of the time
24:19you don't have to
24:19to be scandalized by this
24:21Why
24:21the men
24:23they have their own
24:24weaknesses
24:24their slowness
24:26even to mature
24:27certainly the most intelligent
24:29the most gifted
24:30and probably
24:32even the most assisted
24:33from the Holy Spirit
24:35as
24:36it was
24:36Don Milani
24:37they understood
24:38and they sensed
24:39that it was necessary
24:40break
24:41of the crusts
24:42break
24:42of customs
24:45holiness
24:46it's not that simple
24:47as I believed
24:48to let oneself be trampled upon
24:50can be holy
24:51but in trampling on me
24:52you trample
24:53even my poor ones
24:54you push them away
24:55from the church
24:56and from God
24:57I worked
24:58to the construction
24:58of my personal holiness
25:00that even if
25:01I had reached it
25:02it would have been served
25:03just to highlight
25:04the abjection
25:05of a curia
25:05who exiles the saints
25:07and honors
25:07the flatterers
25:08and the spies
25:10claims
25:11the necessity
25:12to criticize
25:12within
25:13of the church
25:14Why
25:14he says
25:16this criticism
25:17severe
25:17it is essential
25:18to educate
25:19our bishops
25:20but Don Milani
25:22confide in a friend
25:23that the Pope
25:23John XXIII
25:24he's helping him
25:28to the Pope
25:29my book
25:29I like it a lot
25:30and for this
25:31those who don't like it
25:32they were able to
25:33simply get
25:34a ban
25:35to continue it
25:36the diffusion
25:36there was one
25:38evidently
25:39a closeness
25:40between Pope John
25:41and Don Milani
25:42That
25:44it was translated
25:46Also
25:46in forms
25:47of attention
25:49human
25:50to fate
25:52of this priest
25:53what he was doing
25:54a mission
25:55so important
25:56with his
25:58school
25:59but now
26:01the priest
26:02of San Donato
26:02his days are numbered
26:04the cardinal
26:05from the coast
26:06he can't anymore
26:06protect him
26:07the Roman Curia
26:08send to Florence
26:10as assistant
26:13of the cardinal
26:14Elijah
26:15from the coast
26:16a man
26:16of the Lateran
26:17that is, of the stronghold
26:18traditionalist
26:20of the Roman Curia
26:21a biblical scholar
26:22Ermen
26:23by Gildo Florit
26:24it's from there
26:26which begins
26:26putting it under control
26:28of the effervescence
26:29ecclesiastical
26:30of Florence
26:31they begin
26:32they begin the repression
26:34they begin the eviction
26:35some great ones
26:36spirits
26:38of the church
26:39Florentine
26:39they come
26:40move away
26:42from Florence
26:44to Don Milani
26:45is delivered
26:46an important communication
26:47he will be promoted to parish priest
26:49but not in San Donato
26:50the place is on Monte Giovi
26:54it's called Barbiana
27:08there's no point in looking
27:11it's not on paper
27:14when Don Lorenzo
27:15he was sent to Barbiana
27:16us immediately
27:17we wanted to go to the curia
27:19we wanted to go and protest
27:21we wanted to go
27:22to pitare by the neck
27:24the vicar
27:25and off you go
27:26Why
27:27it was a serious infamy
27:29there was no better solution
27:31than isolate it
27:32at the top of a hill
27:33to physically kill him
27:34and to kill him
27:35as intelligence
27:36as proposed
27:37but these
27:38we hadn't calculated
27:39nor in the church
27:40nor outside the church
27:41that can be exiled
27:42the body
27:43but in spirit
27:43it really is
27:45the spirit of Don Milani
27:47it cannot be isolated
27:48that of the transfer
27:49in Barbiana
27:50it's a punishment
27:51a punishment
27:52disguised as a promotion
27:54but now
27:55the uncomfortable priest
27:56he is exiled
27:57at the top
27:58on a hill
27:59but it will be
28:00right in that solitude
28:03that Don Lorenzo
28:04will live his experience
28:05more intense
28:06the one intended
28:08to leave a mark
28:10indelible
28:11in society
28:16there is no reason
28:17to consider myself
28:18clipped
28:19if I'm up here
28:20the greatness
28:21of a lifetime
28:21it cannot be measured
28:22from the greatness
28:22of the place
28:23where it took place
28:24but from completely different things
28:27Barbiana
28:28it's not a country
28:29and not even a village
28:30it's a chapel
28:31lost
28:31among the woods
28:32of Mugello
28:33there is no road
28:34asphalted
28:34nor light
28:35nor water
28:36nor telephone
28:37for Don Milani
28:38it is in fact
28:39a confinement
28:40God will not be able to choose
28:42a place more
28:43poor
28:44isolated
28:44of Barbiana
28:45it almost seems like
28:46that it was
28:46constituted in place
28:47for him
28:47In short
28:48and he just turns
28:50has a signal
28:50very strong
28:51this is
28:52my people
28:53God gave it to me
28:54and nobody takes it away
28:55the young parish priest
28:57then he does
28:58a symbolic act
28:59buy your own tomb
29:00right there
29:01in the cemetery
29:02of Barbiana
29:03after which
29:04he ventures into the woods
29:05to go and find out
29:06his new followers
29:07a small population
29:08of farmers and shepherds
29:11I remember that the prior
29:12in an interview
29:13he asked me
29:14of my family
29:15of how I lived
29:17how he went to school
29:19it filled me
29:20of questions
29:22and me obviously
29:23at that time
29:25we all lived
29:26in an apartment
29:28nine children
29:29plus the grandmother
29:30the mother
29:30the father
29:31and he was moved
29:33so
29:34that at a certain point
29:35he leaned his head against me
29:36on the head
29:37and he started crying
29:40my
29:41it's a parish
29:42mountain
29:43when I got there
29:44there was only
29:45an elementary school
29:46five classes
29:48in a single classroom
29:49the boys
29:50they were coming out of the fifth
29:51seeds in alphabets
29:52and they went to work
29:54shy
29:55and despised
29:57I decided then
29:58that I would have spent
29:59my life
29:59of parish priest
30:00for their
30:01civil elevation
30:02and not only religious
30:05in a reality
30:06like Barbiana
30:07with only
30:08six boys
30:08the first six boys
30:10that ended
30:10elementary school
30:11he organized
30:12in the rectory
30:13a school
30:13unique in the world
30:15that school
30:16that Don Lorenzo Milani
30:17he was doing
30:18to his boys
30:20it was somehow
30:21the prefiguration
30:22of something
30:24that at that moment
30:24it was absolutely
30:26ethically necessary
30:27that as such
30:28he was warned
30:29and that is the fact
30:30that the school
30:30it was not reserved
30:31to those who were
30:32of families
30:34that they could
30:35send the children
30:35at school
30:36but it was also open
30:37to those of the families
30:38that they couldn't
30:39send the children
30:40at school
30:40to convince the parents
30:42to let them study
30:42their children
30:43Don Milani
30:44use all methods
30:45up to even
30:46to the strike
30:47of hunger
30:47I'm sorry Prior
30:49Until we meet again
30:49no instead
30:50you have to listen to me
31:00I'm here
31:01day and night
31:05you have to call
31:06the carabinieri
31:07to send me away
31:08if you don't promise me
31:08what are you doing to me?
31:09your son
31:09for school
31:17just outside
31:18from Barbiana
31:18there is a world
31:19rapidly changing
31:20it's Italy
31:21of the economic boom
31:22of the sweet life
31:23and leave
31:24or double
31:25of Bartali couples
31:26of the Fiat 500
31:27and the highway
31:29of the sun
31:29of Barbiana
31:31but progress
31:32it seems to have happened
31:33forgotten
31:34only exception
31:35some tools
31:36didactic
31:36like the first ones
31:37electronic calculators
31:38what benefactors
31:40like Adriano Olivetti
31:41they give to Don Milani
31:42it was a school
31:44which he considered
31:45the technology
31:46but towards television
31:48he was very critical
31:49that is, he refused
31:50the message
31:51one-way
31:52but he recognized
31:54the validity
31:55for example
31:56of the school
31:57by Professor Manzi
31:58dear friends
31:59Good evening
32:00the ministry
32:01of public education
32:02and the RAI
32:03they present
32:04it's never
32:05too late
32:06course of instruction
32:08popular
32:08for adults
32:09illiterate
32:10how long
32:11she learned
32:12to read?
32:13two months
32:14it's been two months
32:15that is, from the first lesson
32:17she followed us
32:18and learned
32:18yes always
32:21what can I say
32:23Bravo
32:26at the Barbiana school
32:27it is studied
32:2812 hours a day
32:29365 days a year
32:32it's a lesson
32:33cutting-edge
32:34they are learned
32:35foreign languages
32:36the French
32:37English
32:37German
32:38and even Arabic
32:39they also organize
32:40study trips
32:41and I work abroad
32:42the prior
32:43he is convinced
32:44that only
32:44sharing
32:45their experiences
32:46oppressed peoples
32:47can fight
32:48united
32:49against exploitation
32:50of the rich
32:51I remember
32:52that was learned
32:53the French
32:54listening
32:55the songs
32:55by Brassant
32:57And
32:57English
32:59Here you are
33:00maybe they didn't pass
33:02The Beatles
33:02but
33:03Bob Dylan
33:04Yes
33:05but Don Milani
33:07it is above all
33:07a priest
33:08and don't forget
33:09to teach
33:09religion
33:10he does it though
33:11always in his own way
33:12bringing down the Gospel
33:13in everyday life
33:14Don Lorenzo
33:15from one point of view
33:17religious
33:17he didn't give us
33:18no type
33:19of teaching
33:20understood
33:21in the classical sense
33:22his goal
33:23it was to make us
33:24of people
33:25free
33:25of people
33:27thinking
33:27and then
33:29let them decide
33:30which was supposed to be
33:31the rightest path
33:32to be undertaken
33:32based on their own
33:34beliefs
33:34we in Barbiana
33:35we also had
33:36a moment in which
33:37the Gospel was read
33:38a very deep reading
33:40very serious
33:41but it was never there
33:42no attempt
33:43to indoctrinate us
33:44and to induce us
33:45Really
33:46to do a profession
33:47of faith
33:48Like this
33:48coming from outside
33:54It's 1963
33:55from Florence
33:57arrives in Barbiana
33:57a young professor
33:59Adele Corradi
34:00intrigued
34:01from the teaching method
34:02by Don Milani
34:03who knows why
34:04I had it in my head
34:05that I wanted to see her
34:06that school
34:07the fact is
34:08that I saw there
34:09made
34:09Truly
34:10something very interesting
34:12he understood it
34:13from day one
34:14it didn't exist
34:15the logic
34:16to say
34:16today we do
34:18Italian
34:19or geography
34:20or the story
34:20that is, the bell
34:22Barbiana
34:22it didn't exist
34:23there wasn't
34:24a defined program
34:25I had
34:25a purpose
34:28well defined
34:28a starting point
34:30well defined
34:31he knew
34:31where it started from
34:33and where he wanted to get to
34:34we had
34:35the carpentry
34:36and the workshop
34:37but we also had
34:38a study
34:40photographic
34:41many tools
34:42we were there
34:43built by us
34:45exists in Barbiana
34:46a tool
34:47with which we have
34:49photographed
34:50the lunar eclipse
34:51he wanted to develop
34:52above all
34:52the critical spirit
34:54in boys
34:54but he developed it
34:56through
34:56a contact
34:58with him
34:59which was
35:00a relationship
35:02with a master
35:03non-permissive
35:05he was very demanding
35:07with us
35:08but
35:08the lessons
35:09at school
35:10of Barbiana
35:11they were lessons
35:12very cheerful
35:13and funny
35:15Obviously
35:16even in optics
35:18in which he
35:18he meant
35:19the fun
35:20have fun
35:22it means
35:23to go around
35:24and do different things
35:25and then I remember
35:26what he told us
35:27that our school
35:29it was the school
35:30more fun
35:31and it is precisely
35:32about fun
35:33on enthusiasm
35:34on creativity
35:35that Don Lorenzo
35:36founds
35:37his experiment
35:38of a school
35:39completely new
35:41Now
35:42his school
35:43the school
35:43of Barbiana
35:44it's an example
35:45for everyone
35:50to help the kids
35:51to win
35:52their shyness
35:53Don Milani
35:53he also gives lessons
35:54of acting
35:55he even built
35:56a small swimming pool
35:57right next door
35:58to the church
35:58to help
35:59his young mountaineers
36:00to challenge
36:01their innate
36:02fear of water
36:07there were many
36:08the cages
36:10that we had
36:11the inabilities
36:11that we had
36:12and since he
36:13he was looking at us
36:14as a person
36:15in their entirety
36:17then he placed himself
36:18the goal
36:18to provide us
36:20this freedom
36:20360 degrees
36:22included
36:23also the possibility
36:24to be able to
36:25to know how to paint
36:26to understand music
36:28or to be able to swim
36:29or to know
36:29or knowing how to ski
36:31In short
36:33it was life
36:34who was entering
36:35in school
36:35continuously
36:36through
36:37any occasion
36:39it was good
36:39to teach
36:40Here you are
36:41it had collapsed
36:42the floor
36:43adjacent
36:44the church
36:45they had leaked
36:46of the bones
36:48when the boys
36:49they asked
36:50they will be women
36:51they will be men
36:53from what era
36:54he said
36:55go to the workshop
36:56and take the caliber
36:57and measuring
36:59cranial capacity
37:01we were trying to understand
37:03roughly speaking
37:04the era
37:05from anatomy
37:06it passed
37:07to education
37:08sexual
37:09let's say this
37:10both the chromosome
37:12of desire
37:13of coffee and milk
37:13by Gino
37:14the prior
37:15he had explained to us
37:17the logic
37:18of the chromosomes
37:19of genetics
37:21and at a certain point
37:23one fine day
37:24he told us
37:24and now guys
37:26we will give birth to a man
37:27he told us
37:28to write
37:29on each leaflet
37:31what it was
37:32a wish of ours
37:33that is, if we wanted it
37:35male
37:35female
37:36blond
37:37Moor
37:38and he put
37:39one pile at a time
37:40inside a box
37:41and then
37:42scratching it around
37:43and laughing
37:43he said
37:44now children
37:44don't look
37:45that the father
37:46it's the mother
37:46and then he took out one
37:48and he drew
37:51Then
37:51on a large billboard
37:53the newborn
37:54that I remember
37:55he was a man
37:56Moor
37:57very normal
38:02enthusiastic
38:03of that school
38:04outside the box
38:05the professor
38:06Corradi
38:06accept
38:06to stay
38:07in Barbiana
38:08to help
38:08Don Milani
38:09in teaching
38:10he told me
38:11could teach him again
38:13a bit
38:13of those stupidities
38:14what are you asking?
38:17at the exam
38:18third grade middle school
38:19this was
38:20my
38:21my task
38:23in Barbiana
38:24at the start
38:25during the first year
38:27alongside the disciplines
38:29traditional
38:30in Barbiana
38:31there are other occasions
38:32of study
38:32like the weekly meeting
38:34with various experts
38:35from the musician
38:36to the magistrate
38:37at the vet
38:38to the mechanic
38:38any knowledge
38:40Don Milani supports
38:41be it of the civil code
38:42or parts of an engine
38:44helps to raise
38:45an individual
38:46here then
38:46write in your notebook
38:48I care
38:50that in English
38:51it is pronounced
38:52I care
38:53and what does it mean
38:55I care
38:56I like to take care of myself
38:58of something
38:58it's close to my heart
38:59it concerns me
39:00I'm concerned
39:02I care
39:04it concerns me
39:06it's the exact opposite
39:07I don't care
39:08the nonsense
39:09who said
39:10that unattainable
39:10scoundrel
39:11who was Benito Mussolini
39:12to us in here
39:13we are interested
39:14All
39:15clear?
39:17Yes
39:17to us in here
39:19care
39:20All
39:21current events
39:23of the message
39:24by Don Milani
39:25it is also
39:27in the formula
39:29I care
39:30precisely
39:30I care
39:31all that
39:32that surrounds me
39:34it concerns me
39:35I can't opt out of it
39:37from ethical issues
39:38to those
39:39let's say
39:40social
39:41cultural
39:42policies
39:42participation
39:43democracy
39:44freedom
39:45self-determination
39:47and here's why
39:48it's a message
39:48that will never set
39:49for me
39:50I care
39:51it was something
39:51very important
39:52it was the idea
39:53of taking
39:54on the shoulders
39:55destiny
39:56of others
39:57of the weakest ones
39:58of the most fragile ones
39:59of those less fortunate
40:00of who you meet
40:01on your path
40:02and he needs you
40:03and at the bottom
40:03even of yourself
40:06within
40:06of the church of Barbiana
40:08in front of
40:08in the fresh air
40:09of the Madonna
40:09Don Milani poses
40:10a mosaic
40:11made
40:12from his students
40:12depicts
40:14a boy
40:14with halo
40:15engaged
40:16to read a book
40:17he is the new saint
40:18of Barbiana
40:19the holy scholar
40:21my heroics
40:23little monks
40:24that they endure
40:25without a complaint
40:2612 hours
40:26weekday newspapers
40:27and festive
40:28of unbearable school
40:30they are not heroes at all
40:31but rather
40:32of the little ones
40:32lazy
40:33slackers
40:34who have evaluated
40:35what 16 hours
40:36in the woods
40:36to look after the sheep
40:37I'm worse
40:38that 12 in Barbiana
40:39to take kicks
40:40from me
40:41here's the big secret
40:43pedagogical
40:43of the miracle of Barbiana
40:45everyone sees
40:46that I have no merit
40:47any
40:47and that the secret
40:48of Barbiana
40:49it is not exportable
40:50nor in Milan
40:51nor in Florence
40:52so you have nothing left
40:53than shoot you
40:54for Don Milani
40:56so
40:56that of the school
40:57of Barbiana
40:58it's a real one
40:59and it's a real miracle
41:00a miracle
41:01not exportable
41:02nevertheless
41:03and yet those boys
41:04which were to become
41:05shepherds
41:06farmers
41:07they will carry around
41:08for the whole world
41:10their experience
41:11and they will be
41:12missionari
41:13trade unionists
41:14teachers
41:15politicians
41:16anyone who comes close
41:18to Don Milani
41:19Indeed
41:19there remains of it
41:20deeply affected
41:23I told him
41:24you speak well
41:25Why
41:26in conclusion
41:27they sent you
41:28in a place
41:28which reflects
41:31a bit
41:31your choices
41:32Barbiana
41:33the farmers
41:34the last ones
41:35but I'm in Rome
41:37I told him
41:38and if in Rome
41:39they make me assistant priest
41:41to the Parioni
41:41what do I have to do
41:42and he
41:44very confidently
41:45he looked at me
41:46and he told me
41:46to the Parioni
41:47you will go there
41:48out of obedience
41:49but you will go to school
41:50to the children
41:50of the maids
41:51of the Parioline
41:52it's us
41:53that we write
41:54the letters
41:57left the seminary
41:58Sardines
41:59decides to put
42:00in practice
42:00the teaching
42:01by Don Milani
42:02it is not sent
42:03in Parioli
42:03one of the neighborhoods
42:04more exclusive
42:05of the capital
42:06but among the shantytown dwellers
42:07of the aqueduct
42:08Happy
42:08in Rome
42:09and there I began
42:11to set
42:11the school
42:12for which
42:12I noticed immediately
42:14That
42:14Yes
42:15as an initiative
42:17the school
42:17it had to be done
42:18Why
42:18it was about
42:20of not
42:23to propose again
42:24the problem
42:25of the house
42:26unhooked
42:27from a ransom
42:28of character
42:28cultural
42:29wish
42:30of a house
42:32us
42:33of the aqueduct
42:34we don't want
42:35the shacks
42:36but real houses
42:38we want them
42:40more comfortable
42:41and that
42:41Not
42:42centers
42:43the water
42:43from the roof
42:44let's begin
42:45reading
42:46of lutuli
42:47reading
42:48of ganti
42:49reading
42:49Of
42:50Mao
42:51reading
42:52Of
42:52cegevara
42:53Why
42:54they felt
42:55a part
42:56of the people
42:57of the
42:58disinherited
42:59in those years
43:01in school
43:02of the aqueduct
43:02Happy
43:03there is a young man
43:04voluntary
43:04Spanish
43:05father
43:05Corzo Toral
43:06and there
43:07a girl
43:08Roman student
43:09which unfortunately
43:10I don't remember
43:11I don't know
43:11not even who he was
43:12he kicked me out
43:13because I
43:14she said
43:15he's right
43:16I was selective
43:17I scolded the boys
43:19if I wasn't well
43:20there at after-school
43:21and I was saying
43:22don't come
43:22if you want to play
43:24then you
43:25it made me understand
43:25that the school
43:26had been opened
43:27just for them
43:28and had
43:29charity
43:30kindness
43:31to give me
43:31the letter
43:33to the teacher
43:34so with this letter
43:35I read it
43:36in one night
43:37and I understood
43:38what I didn't understand
43:39not even as a scoloppian
43:41that the school
43:42for the last one
43:43and then over there
43:44that I decided
43:45to go to another school
43:48when I arrived
43:49the following year
43:50in Salamanca
43:51in Spain
43:52I already had it in my head
43:54the idea
43:55to make a school
43:56for the last ones
43:57rather for the expelled
43:58school street
43:59and I lived
44:00twenty years
44:01with about forty
44:02of boys
44:0314 years and older
44:05where it was done
44:07reading the newspaper
44:08where it was done
44:09collective writing
44:10and many other things
44:11that I learned
44:12in the letter
44:13to the teacher
44:14so
44:15Don Milani's lesson
44:16it was not lost
44:18and indeed
44:18as we have seen
44:19from Barbiana
44:20his lesson
44:21she arrived first in Rome
44:22then up to Salamanca
44:24in Spain
44:25a small one
44:26great revolution
44:27that attracts
44:28on the Tuscan Apennines
44:29ordinary people
44:30journalists
44:31personality
44:32of culture
44:32and politics
44:34he told us
44:35and now go
44:36eat yourselves
44:37these intellectuals
44:40among the guests
44:41unexpected
44:42in 1965
44:44arrives in Barbiana
44:45even a young man
44:46manager
44:46of the communist party
44:47Peter Ingrao
44:52evening was falling
44:53so to speak
44:54and it seemed
44:55that it would never arrive
44:57then we went out
44:58on a square
45:00and there we found
45:02this priest
45:03that really
45:05from the beginning
45:07he left me
45:08a little frozen
45:09because he didn't have
45:10Nothing
45:11of the part
45:12usual
45:14Greetings
45:14Well done
45:16How are you
45:17a hug
45:18etc. etc.
45:20for a minute said
45:22in a few words
45:24he took us inside
45:25a large room
45:26in which there was
45:28a sea
45:30of little boys
45:32Don Milani
45:33continued
45:33absolutely
45:34to be silent
45:35he didn't say a word
45:37and made people talk
45:38these guys
45:39which
45:41they said about it
45:41of cooked
45:42and raw
45:43all over the world
45:45Roman politician
45:46of which I
45:46I was part of
45:49I didn't argue
45:50with the boys
45:51feces
45:53the first
45:54the second
45:55answer
45:55the third
45:56the fourth
45:57there were many
45:58That
45:59they wanted
46:01all to say
46:01somehow
46:03look, I
46:04I'm not really
46:06like you
46:06think
46:07there are also
46:08other
46:09get out of here
46:10out of this classroom
46:12of this mountain
46:13a little isolated
46:14there is a world
46:16which is ugly
46:17but where are they?
46:18also many things
46:19rich
46:21beautiful
46:21singular
46:22it seems to me
46:24it seemed very beautiful to me
46:25the attitude
46:26of attention
46:27and respect
46:29and the calm discussion
46:31that he didn't take
46:32tones
46:33bright tones
46:36of people
46:38how it happened
46:39that people
46:40he was offended
46:41of when he came
46:43made a criticism
46:45when we said goodbye
46:48and were they ever
46:49late at night
46:50they didn't invite us
46:52to have dinner there
46:53what is enough
46:55to symbolize
46:56but they were
46:57sober
46:58even in these events
47:00and I
47:01I went back to tighten
47:03the hand
47:04to that priest
47:05Well
47:07it was another greeting
47:08from that
47:09that we had given ourselves
47:10when we were
47:12arrived
47:13I do not know
47:14I were capable
47:16to describe
47:17as
47:17and why
47:18I would be very good
47:19but
47:20it had taken place
47:22a communication
47:23how could I explain
47:26that I
47:26my children
47:27I love them
47:28that I lost
47:29the head for them
47:30that I don't live
47:31that to make them grow
47:32to make them bloom
47:33to make them profitable
47:35how I did it
47:36to explain
47:37that I love
47:37my parishioners
47:38much more
47:39that the church
47:39and that the Pope
47:40and that if a risk
47:41I run
47:42for my soul
47:43it's not certain
47:43that of having loved little
47:45but rather
47:45to love too much
47:48but Don Milani
47:49he is sick
47:50already in 1960
47:52had
47:53the first symptoms
47:53of the disease
47:54that will bring it
47:55to death
47:55a lymphogranuloma
47:58let's take the few books
47:59of medicine
48:00that we had there
48:00available
48:01and let's go look
48:02lymphogranuloma
48:04and soon little by little
48:06he wrote this to us
48:06incurable disease
48:09life expectancy
48:10from 3 to 8 years old
48:12and the disease
48:13like everything else
48:14which he had in Barbiana
48:15it was the reason
48:16of teaching
48:18of school
48:20for further information
48:22for boys
48:24an incurable disease
48:26so
48:26and yet Don Milani
48:27he doesn't give up
48:29the years of struggle
48:30against evil
48:31that is devouring him
48:32they will also be
48:33the years
48:34of the battles
48:35more difficult
48:36military chaplains
48:37they pay tribute
48:39their reverent
48:40brotherly May
48:40to all the fallen
48:41for Italy
48:42in February
48:43of 1965
48:45Don Milani
48:46read in a newspaper
48:47the letter
48:48of a group
48:48of military chaplains
48:49who criticize
48:50harshly
48:51the reluctance
48:52to the lever
48:52the prior
48:53cannot accept
48:54the fact that the chaplains
48:55preach to the soldiers
48:57obedience
48:58to the orders
48:58of the superiors
48:59those orders
49:00then they provoke
49:01in fact bombings
49:02reprisals
49:03and suffering
49:04often to the detriment
49:05of civilians
49:05these are really necessary
49:07that we answer him
49:09if you have
49:11the right
49:11to divide the world
49:12in Italians and foreigners
49:13then I'll tell you
49:14that in your sense
49:16I have no homeland
49:17and complaint
49:18the right
49:18to divide the world
49:19in the disinherited
49:20and oppressed on one side
49:21privileged
49:22and oppressors on the other
49:24some are my homeland
49:26the others
49:27my foreigners
49:33the reply letter
49:34that Don Milani
49:35write together
49:36to his boys
49:36is published
49:37from the newspaper
49:38Rebirth
49:39the prior
49:40he states
49:41that obedience
49:42it is no longer
49:43a virtue
49:43and claims
49:44the right
49:45to the objection
49:45of conscience
49:46it's not a message
49:47that goes unnoticed
49:48in Barbiana
49:49criticisms are coming
49:50intimidation
49:51and even
49:52death threats
49:52the fourth section
49:54of the court
49:55of Rome
49:55sue
49:56Lorenzo Milani
49:57with the accusation
49:58of incitement
49:59to desertion
49:59and to disobedience
50:01military
50:01expected penalty
50:03the imprisonment
50:03up to ten years
50:04the cardinal
50:06Floretta
50:07that in the meantime
50:07has replaced
50:08from the coast
50:09Florence
50:09effluent
50:10under threat
50:11to suspend
50:12to Divinis
50:13Don Milani
50:13we must remember
50:16that when
50:17Don Lorenzo Milani
50:18he wrote
50:20these two letters
50:21the council
50:22Vatican II
50:23which was in progress
50:25he was Pope
50:26At that time
50:27Paul VI
50:28it wasn't there
50:30expressed
50:30in a manner
50:31official
50:32on the issue
50:35of the objection
50:36of conscience
50:37to military service
50:38because the theme
50:39was considered
50:41stinging
50:42from the bishops
50:43Americans
50:44that they had
50:45already many
50:46their faithful
50:47busy
50:49in the war
50:50in progress
50:52in Vietnam
50:55the letter
50:57to the chaplains
50:58military
50:59it's one
51:01of the best
51:01texts
51:02I would say
51:03Tostoian
51:04released
51:06from literature
51:07Italian
51:08facilitator
51:12it's a text
51:14who had
51:15an echo
51:16that we
51:17we can't
51:18even today
51:19imagine
51:19February 15th
51:211966
51:22the court
51:24delivers its verdict
51:25Lorenzo Milani
51:26he is acquitted
51:27with full formula
51:29When
51:30they told him
51:31the outcome of the trial
51:33who had acquitted him
51:34the newspapers
51:35with a little imagination
51:36they said
51:37what he had said
51:37I am happy
51:38instead he had said
51:40but
51:41maybe I'm a little
51:42idiot
51:43they start giving me
51:44all the reasons
51:45so I almost get worried
51:47And yet
51:48the public prosecutor
51:49appeals
51:50The prior will die
51:51before the sentence
51:53that overturning
51:53the previous judgment
51:54condemns his letter
51:56to military chaplains
51:58The clash
51:59with military chaplains
52:00mark
52:01the last few months
52:02of life
52:03by Don Lorenzo
52:03but that's another episode
52:05that pushes him
52:06to fight
52:07his last
52:08and also the most famous
52:10of his battles
52:11Two of his students
52:12Indeed
52:13they failed
52:14at the state exam
52:15that they had given
52:16from private individuals
52:17and once again
52:18Don Milani
52:19he doesn't give up
52:20and writes
52:21an indictment
52:22against a system
52:24school
52:25which penalizes
52:26only the poor
52:27My name is
52:29and he told me
52:29I decided
52:31it is written
52:32a letter
52:33to the teacher
52:34and we take revenge
52:36so we give it to him
52:38a lesson
52:38and I row
52:40Always
52:41of not having
52:42preserved
52:43the first version
52:44that he took
52:45two pages
52:45of notebook
52:47and it was horrible
52:48I went
52:49by Don Milani
52:50and you say
52:50it's a beautiful one
52:51filth
52:52and he tells me
52:54if he wants it more beautiful
52:55we make it more beautiful
53:02it was born like this
53:03letter
53:04to a teacher
53:05a real book
53:06written collectively
53:07from the boys
53:11bedridden
53:12Don Milani
53:13coordinates the work
53:14of his students
53:15from the hospital
53:16it's a fight
53:17against time
53:17and against evil
53:18that is devouring him
53:20but once again
53:21there is someone
53:22that helps him
53:22and once again
53:24he is a pope
53:24Paul VI
53:25Paul VI
53:28procured
53:28both financial help
53:30both the finding
53:31through
53:32the Vatican pharmacy
53:33of a product
53:35antitumor
53:36at that moment
53:37very difficult
53:38to find each other
53:39through
53:40the normal ones
53:41pharmaceutical channels
53:43within a few weeks
53:45the book is finished
53:46I must confess
53:48that I myself
53:50I told her
53:51Don Lorenzo
53:53but I'm convinced
53:54that she wrote it
53:55I confess to you
53:56and he told me
53:57she doesn't know
53:58how much I like it
54:00I think he meant to say
54:02which exceeded
54:03his abilities
54:03and maybe
54:05that has passed
54:06his abilities
54:07precisely because
54:08they worked on it
54:09many people
54:09above
54:14the text is written
54:16in a direct prose
54:18essential
54:18to be read
54:19from anyone
54:20even from whom
54:20he only did
54:21fifth grade
54:22not by chance
54:23Don Milani
54:23choose as corrector
54:24of drafts
54:24of the manuscript
54:25a farmer
54:27these underlines
54:27all the words
54:28who doesn't understand
54:29so that the prior
54:30make the finishing touches
54:31to the text
54:34yet when it is published
54:35the book
54:36find a cold welcome
54:37few appreciate it
54:39the crude language
54:40and the bold concepts
54:42of this book
54:43I have to say
54:44in general
54:44all the good possible
54:45it has never happened to me
54:47to be like this
54:47enthusiastic
54:48of something
54:49and to feel like this
54:51in a certain sense
54:52forced
54:53forced
54:54to tell others
54:55read it
54:57because moreover
54:58it's a book
54:58which concerns
54:59yes the school
55:00as a specific topic
55:03but in reality
55:03regard
55:04the Italian company
55:05the quality
55:06of Italian life
55:08only after
55:09the death of the prior
55:10the book becomes
55:11the literary case
55:12of the year
55:13a real best seller
55:16the nascent movement
55:17student
55:18albeit with some distortions
55:19he is won over by it
55:21letter to a teacher
55:23it becomes like this
55:23one of the sacred texts
55:24of the Italian '68
55:26It was among the first books
55:28that I read
55:29of that kind
55:31and for me
55:31it was an experience
55:32training
55:32very important
55:34it was the story
55:35of all the reasons
55:36for which
55:37many of my peers
55:38or even people
55:39bigger than me
55:40or rather above all
55:40people older than me
55:41at that moment
55:42they decided to set off
55:48October 1967
55:50let's decide
55:50the occupation
55:51of the Catholic University
55:53first thing
55:54unexpected
55:54and unachievable
55:55the letter
55:56she had just come out
55:57in the previous May
55:58so for 4 months
55:59we read it avidly
56:01and we find ourselves inside
56:03we read it individually
56:05and then in a group
56:06giving seminars on it
56:08and we discover that
56:10what Don Milani says
56:11on the selection
56:12of the school
56:13it's a fact
56:14absolutely true
56:15the letter
56:16by Don Milani
56:17he had for us
56:18also another value
56:19Why
56:20as a last resort
56:22he was sending a message
56:23very high profile
56:25it's absolutely true
56:26and that was it
56:26if you know
56:28six
56:28if you don't know
56:30you are in someone else's possession
56:32you will not be master
56:33of your existence
56:34you will be straight
56:35and then
56:36the importance of study
56:37but the importance
56:39of the critical study
56:40that is, of knowledge
56:41what is needed
56:42to know the world
56:43and to transform it
56:46knowledge
56:49And
56:54knowledge
57:15Don Lorenzo Milani passed away on June 26, 1967.
57:19at only 44 years old
57:21he wanted to be buried dressed in sacred learning
57:24and the mountain boots
57:26the last words of his will
57:28I'm once again for his boys
57:34I loved you more than I loved God
57:37but I hope he doesn't pay attention to these subtleties
57:40and wrote everything to his account
58:12thank you all
58:15thank you all
58:24thank you all
58:31thank you all
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