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00:00I'm so excited. I'm going on a brand new adventure with Nina and the neurons.
00:04She's looking at new technology, so I'm wearing my cool gadget coat.
00:08Gadget coat? Brilliant. What does it do?
00:10Look at this. I've got here...
00:16A pair of glasses that makes everything go dark.
00:19Aren't they just sunglasses, Alex?
00:22What?
00:24Maybe let's leave the new technology to Nina and her experimenters.
00:28Ingo Digital.
00:30You try it.
00:36If you've got a question and you don't know where to go,
00:39ask Nina for some help, because she's got a science show.
00:42She makes sense of her senses by helping all her fans,
00:46by doing her experiments with potions and with bags.
00:48Touch her tongue.
00:50Fingers.
00:52Eyes.
00:53Tears.
00:53Notes.
00:54Notes.
00:54Nina and the neurons find out what you need to know.
00:58Nina and the neurons find out what you need to know.
01:01Look, he helps us with our eyes and Felix with our touch.
01:04Ollie sniffs, our smells, and Sanson Bell, she hears so much.
01:07But it's Ollie's brother. He helps us with our taste.
01:10They're Nina's little neurons and they're coming to your place.
01:12Touch her tongue.
01:14Fingers.
01:15Fingers.
01:15Eyes.
01:16Eyes.
01:17Fingers.
01:17Notes.
01:19Lena and the neurons find out what you need to know.
01:21Yeah!
01:22Lena and the neurons find out what you need to know.
01:31Oh, hello there.
01:31I'm just having some fun with this amazing drawing.
01:34It looks like you could pick it up.
01:37But it's actually flat to the page.
01:40It's pretty good, isn't it?
01:43I hear a beep.
01:44I see a flash.
01:45I wonder what they're going to ask.
01:52Hi, Nina.
01:54Hi.
01:55We have got a question for you.
01:58How does computer animation look so real?
02:01That's a great question.
02:04How does computer animation look so real?
02:06I love watching animation in films or in television.
02:10So why don't you come down to my lab and we'll investigate.
02:13See you soon, Nina.
02:15Bye.
02:17Bye.
02:19Well, I'm going to need some help to answer this one
02:21and I know just who to ask.
02:23OK, neurons, time to get to work.
02:42Neurons at the ready, Nina.
02:44OK, today's question is how does computer animation look so real?
02:48Now, which neuron do you think will be most useful in helping us find the answer?
02:52Me.
02:52Me, me, me.
02:54Me.
02:55Will it be fabulous Felix?
02:57I can help so very much if you need the sense of touch.
03:01Will it be beautiful Belle?
03:03I send messages to brain from ear.
03:06If there's a sound, I'll help you hear.
03:08Will it be lovely Luke?
03:10For looking unseen, day or night, I'll help you with your sense of sight.
03:14Will it be awesome Ollie?
03:16If it's Pony or Whiffy, but you can't tell,
03:19my messages help your sense of smell.
03:21Or will it be baby bud?
03:23Salty, salty, bitter or sweet?
03:26I'm your taste buddy whenever you eat.
03:30Luke.
03:39Cool, Nina.
03:41I'll be looking out to help you.
03:43Today's question is how does computer animation look so real?
03:47Because animation is something we see,
03:49Luke, our sight neuron will be helping us today.
03:52But stand by neurons, I have a feeling I may need help from all of you.
03:55Right, I need to get the lab ready before the experimenters arrive.
04:01Stephen loves going to karate.
04:03Kobe loves street dancing.
04:05I like drawing.
04:07Watching cartoons is fun.
04:09But they both want to know how does computer animation look so real?
04:13So today, for one day only,
04:15Kobe and Stephen become the experimenters.
04:21Hi guys.
04:23Hi Nina.
04:24Welcome to my lab and thank you for your great question.
04:27How does computer animation look so real?
04:30To find out the answer, let's start by using our senses.
04:33Whoop whoop!
04:34A senses experiment.
04:36We're ready Nina.
04:37First, let's find out what animation actually is.
04:41So animation is a drawing that moves on the screen.
04:46We sometimes call them cartoons.
04:48Nowadays, most animation is made on a computer.
04:51But people have been making animation for a really long time,
04:54long before computers were invented.
04:56Have a look at this.
04:58This is called a flick book.
05:01The pictures in it are all a little bit different.
05:03So if you look at them one after the other really quickly,
05:06it looks like the mini Nina is moving.
05:09Would you look at that?
05:11It's moving!
05:12Animation is lots of still pictures put together.
05:16The still pictures can be drawn by hand or by a computer.
05:19Or they can be photographs.
05:21How about we make our own animation from photographs?
05:25Yes!
05:26So I've got these capes here for you to wear because you're going to fly across the sky like superheroes.
05:33Let's get ready!
05:35They're going to fly?
05:37This is the best experiment ever!
05:40Well, they're not really going to be flying Bud, but it's going to look like they're flying.
05:45Now I'm going to take a picture from the camera that's up there.
05:49Say cheese!
05:50Cheese!
05:53Brilliant!
05:54Now, the flick book showed us that animation is made up of lots of pictures that are a little bit
05:59different.
05:59So I'll move the clothes and the capes just a little bit and then I'll take another picture.
06:10Ha-ha!
06:16Great work, experimenters.
06:18Let's have a look at our superhero animation.
06:21Ha-ha!
06:23Oh, it's good, isn't it?
06:24Do you think it looks like real life?
06:26Not really.
06:27It looks a bit too jerky to be real, Nina.
06:29It does look.
06:30But computers can make movements look a lot more real than this.
06:34I think we need to go and see some very special dots to find out more.
06:42Hmm, where do you think we're going today?
06:45Nina said we were going to see some very special dots.
06:49Ooh, ooh!
06:49Maybe we're going to the zoo to see a leopard.
06:53They've got lots of dots.
06:54Ha-ha-ha!
06:55I think they're called spots, Bud.
06:58Well, we're about to find out.
07:00We're here!
07:01OK, experimenters, so far we've found out that animation is lots and lots of still pictures
07:06put together.
07:07But when we tried to put our photographs together to make an animation, it was a bit jerky, wasn't
07:12it?
07:13Yes.
07:14Well, that's because we didn't take enough photos to make the movement look really smooth.
07:19But a computer can.
07:21And a really clever way of doing it is called motion capture.
07:26Ooh, motion capture.
07:28That sounds exciting.
07:30It is, Bill.
07:31And we've come to this animation studio to find out how motion capture works.
07:36In this studio, special cameras film the way something moves in real life.
07:41And then animators use a computer to create a character that moves in exactly the same way.
07:47And today, guys, you are going to do some real life moving for some animated characters.
07:53But you need to get changed first.
07:58Oh, what do you think of your new outfits, experimenters?
08:01They look funny, Nina.
08:03Oh, those must be the special dots Nina was talking about.
08:08Now, have a look at the screen.
08:09What can you see?
08:11Teddy bears.
08:13That's right.
08:13So let's see what happens when you move around.
08:26Whoa, when the experimenters move, the teddy bear moves just like them.
08:31It looks real.
08:36Oh, that was brilliant.
08:39The teddy bears were moving in exactly the same way as you.
08:42And that's because of the special dots on your outfit.
08:46Now, when you move, special cameras look at where the dots move.
08:51These cameras are connected to computers which use the dots to make the teddy bear move in exactly the same
08:58way.
08:59Oh, it's really clever, isn't it?
09:01Yes!
09:02People have told the computer how to work out the different positions by looking at where the dots move.
09:09The computer uses this information to draw hundreds and hundreds of pictures and put them together.
09:14Go on, why don't you turn around and give us another wave?
09:18By drawing so many pictures, the animation doesn't look jerky.
09:23The teddy bears move in a more realistic way because the computer is using the real-life movements that you
09:30make in these suits.
09:31Is it all the teddy bears I use, Nina?
09:33That's a great question.
09:35Let's do one final experiment to find out.
09:39Now, this is Stu.
09:40He's an expert computer animator.
09:42Hi, Stu.
09:43Hi, guys.
09:44Now, Stu, the boys loved being the teddy bears earlier on.
09:48But can they be anything else?
09:49How about a robot?
09:50That would be brilliant.
10:00Oh, that was quick.
10:02And you didn't need to draw it all again.
10:04Oh, why's that?
10:05Well, underneath the robot and the bear is this stickman skeleton.
10:10Brilliant.
10:11So the computer can use the same stickman skeleton and just change the way it looks on the outside?
10:16The computer has already worked out the movement, so it's really quick to change it into something new.
10:22It's like the stickman putting on a different costume.
10:25Let's see how it works.
10:27We are going to imagine that this is the stickman inside an animated character.
10:32When an animator is trying to decide what the finished character should look like,
10:37they have to choose what they want to cover their stickman with.
10:40So that could be clothes or fur or even scales.
10:45And the brilliant thing about computer animation is you can create anything.
10:49So let's use our imaginations and we'll create our own special character.
11:02Well, I've never seen anything like it.
11:05What is that?
11:07Great work, experimenters.
11:09I think our furry robot swimmer would be a brilliant animated character, don't you?
11:15Yes!
11:16But how would an animator make him look real?
11:19Well, let's have a closer look at the different parts of our character.
11:23Now, what does the metal look like?
11:25Shiny.
11:26That's right, the metal looks shiny.
11:29Now, do the flippers look shiny?
11:31No, Nina.
11:31Flippers aren't shiny, they're made of rubber.
11:35And what about the furry parts?
11:37They look rough.
11:38Yes, the furry parts look rough because they're made of lots of little hairs.
11:43All these materials reflect the light in different ways.
11:46And computer experts tell the computer how the different materials look and reflect light when they move.
11:52So the computer can just add it to the stickman and make it look real.
11:56So, by telling the computers how different materials react to light when they move, the computer can make any animated
12:04character seem real, Nina.
12:06Exactly, Luke.
12:12So, your question was, how does computer animation look so real?
12:16And I think we've answered it.
12:18We learnt that animation is lots of slightly different still pictures put together to make them move.
12:25Motion capture is a special way of making animated characters move in a real-life way.
12:31People wear suits with dots on them so the computer can see how they move.
12:36The computer makes the stickman copy the movement.
12:40The stickman is used to make a character's body which can be made to move just like the actor did.
12:46Once you have the moving stickman, it's easy to change how your character looks.
12:52It can even be a funny robot frogman.
12:55And animators tell the computer if their character is shiny or furry
13:01and show the computer how to reflect the light to make it look even more real.
13:07So, I hope that's answered your question.
13:09Thanks, Nina. Bye.
13:12You're welcome. Bye.
13:16If you want to know more about the science that's all around us,
13:19go to the Nina section on the CBB's website.
13:21Have fun.
13:23Go digital
13:24If you want to do it faster
13:27Go digital
13:28If you want to do it better
13:31Go digital
13:32If you want to do it faster
13:35Go digital
13:39Computers and technology
13:41Help us every day
13:43Yeah
13:43Making our lives easier in each and every way
13:47Yeah
13:47They help us understand things and make it very clear
13:51They make tricky tasks for piece of cake
13:54I like cake!
13:55If you're trying to understand the world
13:59But the answer is invisible
14:02But the answer is invisible
14:03Invisible
14:03Invisible
14:03Use the power of computers
14:06Switch it on
14:08Switch it on
14:09Switch it on
14:10Switch it on
14:11Go digital
14:26Amazing technology is all around us
14:28Making our lives faster and easier
14:30And giving us an even more exciting future
14:32So wherever you go and whatever you do
14:35Remember to go digital
14:36See you again soon
14:37Bye
14:38Bye
14:39Bye
14:39Go digital
14:43Brand new to sea babies
14:46We welcome you with fairy arms
14:50Over there
14:52We welcome you with fairy arms
14:57The Forchester Hotel
14:59Today at five
15:00Brand new to sea babies
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