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Trump tries to make peace his way, and Israel hopes to contain Hamas - before 7 October.
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00:05O que é isso?
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02:07O que é isso?
02:09O que é isso?
02:10O que é isso?
02:13O que é isso?
02:15Não falo sobre Gaza ou Hamas.
02:18O que é isso?
02:20O que é isso?
02:21O que é isso?
02:21O que é isso?
02:23O que é isso?
02:34O que é isso?
02:36em 2016 e fui para a Gaza mesmo.
02:59Em julio de 2014, Israel lançou um grande bombardeio de Gaza
03:03depois de uma série de ataques de roque de Hamas.
03:09Depois, eles descobriam os militantes de Hamas
03:12entrando a Israel através de um túnel.
03:16Uma grande invasão de terra seguiu.
03:22A cerca de 2,000 palestinenses e 68 israelis foram mortos
03:28antes de um incêndio desfazio foi concluído.
03:32A grande invasão disse
03:35que se ele se tornou o fogo,
03:36e o que nós temos agora,
03:38vamos dar mais um pouco.
03:40Nós estamos vivos em todo momento.
03:44Com a threat de outra guerra ever presente, Hamas decidiu que era hora de tentar um pouco de diplomacia.
03:51Eu me mandei mensagens de várias pessoas que Hamas queria que me mandasse a carta e set out
04:01uma mudança de posição para eles.
04:04Eu estava em favor de encarar isso.
04:07E, enquanto eu entendia a narrativa da parte da Israel muito bem,
04:10foi importante ouvir de todos os lados da política de palestinense.
04:15Para mim, você chegar a um momento em que você precisava de sentar com as pessoas e olhar eles na
04:19frente
04:19e ter essa conversa diretamente com eles.
04:23Former Prime Minister Tony Blair foi representante da Quartete,
04:27um grupo set up pela União, a União, a América e a Rússia,
04:31para mediar os Estados Unidos de paz.
04:36Ele viajou para a Catar para conhecer o presidente Hamas, Khalid Mishal.
04:41Eu disse a Khalid Mishal, que você tem que parar a atividade que vai dar aos Estados Unidos
04:46a sensação de que você ainda está extremamente hostil para eles.
04:49Então, você sabe, a construção dos tonelos é difícil de ver o que é o objetivo disso,
04:53se não é para usar para algo que é apoiado aos Estados Unidos.
04:56O que é o que é?
04:57O que é o que é?
04:58Ele disse que isso é um anfáquo dentro de Ghazá para a terra de Israel.
05:03Ele disse que a primeira vez é a terra de nós, a Palestina.
05:06O que é o que é o que é?
05:10O que é o que é?
05:11O que é o que é?
05:13O que é o que é?
05:15O que é o que é?
05:17O que é o que é?
05:18O que é o que é?
05:19O que é o que é?
05:22O que é o que é?
05:23O que é o que é?
05:23Bom, ok, mas se você quiser chegar a um lugar diferente,
05:28você tem que ter a base de um posto que permite nos dizer,
05:36você deveria ser parte dessa negociação,
05:38porque você está preparado para acessar o que estamos negociando para.
05:49Mais um ano depois,
05:50a militação de Israel descobriu um novo túnel,
05:53mais de 40 metros deep,
05:55indo sob a border de Gaza,
05:57para o território de Israel.
06:00As pessoas se tornaram muito, muito interessadas com os túneles,
06:02e há muito pensado sobre como neutralizar os túneles.
06:06Há 14 reuniões de cabineiro sobre os túneles.
06:09Eu sei porque eu preparo os papéis.
06:1214 reuniões que o cabineiro falou sobre o problema dos túneles.
06:19Israel continua a funcionar a qualquer coisa que ela faz
06:21para o transporte e o transporte de lágrimas.
06:25Nós não precisamos de descanso e de recursos
06:28para o segurança para os os habitantes de Gaza.
06:32Netanyahu teve uma solução.
06:35Um barato de perigão de centros de metros
06:37entre toda a borda com o Gaza.
06:41Ele precisava de seu cabineiro de aprovação
06:43para uma construção que custa um milhão de dólares.
06:47Todos foram muito entusiasmados sobre isso.
06:51Eu era uma exceção.
06:52Eles disseram que isso não é o problema principal com o Gaza.
06:57O problema principal é uma enorme erupção,
07:00uma grande guerrilha de Israel, e eles não precisam para isso.
07:06Uval, definitivamente,
07:08se nós investimos, se nós investimos em tecnologia
07:12que nos ajudamos a proteger as coisas na terra,
07:15eles vão apenas vir ao fundo.
07:18Mas a grande maioria dos estabelecimentos de segurança
07:22consideram os túneles como o inimigo,
07:25e é o que o Cabo de Seguridade provou.
07:29A barra levaria quatro anos para ser construído.
07:33O governo cortou os budgets de saúde, educação e até segurança para financiar.
07:48Os Estados Unidos tinham ainda mais razão de serem que sua segurança
07:51foi bem-segada.
07:54Eles tinham um novo alí, o novo presidente americano,
07:57o que o presidente americano foi o presidente americano,
07:57um que o presidente americano era um amigo de Israel.
08:06Donald Trump chegou a fazer um governo,
08:08promicendo que ele ia rapidamente sucede,
08:10onde os seus primeiros tinham falado.
08:15So President Trump is a deal junkie, right?
08:18I've worked for him for 20 years.
08:19I've never seen anybody like him.
08:21He's always heard in his life that the Israeli-Palestinian conflict
08:25is sort of the holy grail, if you will, of deals.
08:28Although many people cautioned him it was not achievable,
08:31he didn't want to hear it.
08:33He wanted to try to do it his way.
08:38So I'm looking at two states and one state.
08:42And I like the one that both parties like.
08:45I'm very happy with the one that both parties like.
08:48Trump was unexpected.
08:50No one thought he would talk about two states, one state.
08:54Let's solve it.
08:56Let's do business.
08:57This is always... Let's do business.
08:59Why to go to bother with all the details?
09:02That's President Trump's way of saying, let's figure it out.
09:06Whatever it's going to be, the parties have to do it.
09:08They have to do it together.
09:14If Trump was to get his deal, he'd have to convince Mahmoud Abbas,
09:19the man recognized by the international community
09:21as the president of all Palestinians.
09:27President Trump really made sure to make President Abbas feel welcomed.
09:32Usually, presidents stop a few meters away
09:34until a marine comes and opens.
09:36No, President Trump charged towards President Abbas.
09:40I was still sitting in the car.
09:42So I was looking at the face and the body language of President Trump.
09:47And I could see how much he was trying to welcome,
09:51extraordinary welcome President Abbas.
09:53We're going to have lunch.
09:55We're going to have discussions.
09:56And hopefully something terrific can come out
09:59between the Palestinians and Israel.
10:03Thank you for being here.
10:04Thank you.
10:04President Abbas played his part very, very well.
10:07He was warm.
10:08He was friendly.
10:09President Trump, I think, almost viewed him as a statesman,
10:12a grandfather figure almost.
10:15President Abbas presented our logic, our vision,
10:19which is two states, a state of Palestine,
10:22a state of Israel that is secured
10:24with good neighborly relationship with its neighbors.
10:27And I remember President Abbas,
10:29he showed President Trump all the countries
10:31that would recognize Israel.
10:33And after all that discussion,
10:34he invited the two delegations to lunch.
10:38And he looks at us and he said,
10:40guys, guys, you have a great president.
10:44You have a great president.
10:46You have a great president.
10:49I could not believe what I heard from him.
10:51I think you're going to make peace.
10:52I think things will be OK.
10:56Chief negotiator Saeb Erekat
10:58had accompanied Palestinian presidents
11:00to the White House for more than two decades.
11:04This is the last interview he gave.
11:07He was in poor health and died only weeks later.
11:11He said, you know,
11:12I will give you a year with the Israelis.
11:16I will not do anything that may preempt
11:18or prejudge issues for permissive negotiations.
11:21But after a year,
11:22I will see the side that's putting obstacles
11:24and then I will take action.
11:26He was paying so much money to this region
11:28and I'm not going to pay
11:30those who are obstructing their peace process.
11:54To deliver his deal,
11:55Trump set up a small team in the White House
11:58headed by his son-in-law, Jared Kushner.
12:02Jared's view very much was,
12:04go study this.
12:05What are the issues?
12:06What have been the party's positions over the years?
12:10I'm learning from everybody.
12:12State Department, National Security Council, think tanks.
12:15It wasn't that long
12:17before I had to ask the important question,
12:19which is, OK, let's just say
12:20we get Bibi Netanyahu and Ahmad Abbas
12:23and Donald Trump in the room
12:25and they all agreed.
12:26What do we do about Gaza?
12:28The two million Palestinians living in Gaza
12:30who are subjugated by Hamas.
12:33What do we do about Hamas?
12:34The answer that I got,
12:36shh, don't talk about Gaza or Hamas.
12:41Let's just figure out the two-state solution
12:43and then we'll figure out Gaza.
12:50Hamas hoped the new American president
12:52would change things.
12:55No U.S. administration
12:56had ever agreed to talk to the group,
12:58which had called for the destruction of Israel
13:00and the creation of an Islamic Palestinian state.
13:29The political wing of Hamas,
13:31based in Qatar,
13:32arranged a press conference
13:34to announce it had rewritten
13:35its founding charter.
13:39The original document
13:40had been widely condemned
13:41for using anti-Semitic language.
13:55The press conference
13:56was broadcast live into Gaza,
13:58where Hamas' top brass had gathered.
14:02The new local leader,
14:04Yahya Sinwar,
14:05brought his son to watch.
14:08Hamas' top brass,
14:10and will be able to deal with it.
14:11It's a part of the solution,
14:13and not a part of the problems.
14:38The 1967 borders was diplomatic shorthand
14:41for a two-state solution.
14:44It could imply that Hamas was ready to move in this direction.
14:48But the document made clear
14:49that they were still committed to armed resistance
14:52and would not recognize Israel.
14:59And would not recognize Israel.
15:08There is not a distinction between the military wing and the political wing.
15:13There is no moderate and not moderate terrorist organization.
15:18And they can speak very nice in the TV and things like that.
15:22But basically, at night,
15:23they're preparing missiles to penetrate Israel.
15:33Trump ignored the Hamas relaunch.
15:36He remained intent on a peace deal between Netanyahu and Abbas
15:40and decided that his first foreign trip would be to the Middle East.
15:50Only hours after his arrival in Israel,
15:52Trump visited one of the most sacred sites for Jews
15:55in occupied East Jerusalem,
15:58which Palestinians claimed as their capital in a future state.
16:03The Western Wall was a very controversial place.
16:07You know, there had never been a sitting president
16:09who had visited the Western Wall.
16:12The visit had been arranged by the new U.S. ambassador,
16:16David Friedman, Trump's lawyer and personal friend.
16:20He was also a fervent supporter of Israel
16:22and believed that all of Jerusalem should be his capital.
16:26We insisted.
16:27We said, look, this wall,
16:28this is the story of the Jewish people
16:30and it's the story of Israel.
16:31If he's going to go anywhere,
16:32he's going to go to the Western Wall.
16:39President Trump understood that something like that visual
16:43can communicate more than any speech could possibly give,
16:47that this is a president who is committed to Israel
16:51and doing something important for the country.
16:55The Palestinian government wasn't unduly worried.
16:59They believed Trump had promised that the status of Jerusalem
17:03would only be settled in the deal they were negotiating.
17:10Six months later, this would be put to the test.
17:13During President Clinton's presidency,
17:16the Congress passed a law requiring the president
17:20to move the American embassy from Tel Aviv to Jerusalem.
17:24But they also allowed every president to sign a waiver
17:29that would allow him not to move it.
17:33And every president since President Clinton signed the waiver.
17:38On the campaign trail, Trump had promised to change this
17:41and recognized Jerusalem as the capital of Israel.
17:46With the deadline to sign the waiver coming up,
17:49David Friedman was determined to make the president keep his promise.
17:54To me, moving the embassy was the most important thing.
17:57There were a lot of people in the State Department
17:59and the Defense Department who were against it.
18:02So Chief of Staff said to me,
18:04look, if you want this done, you better stick around.
18:06Because no one else is going to fight for this the way you will.
18:10Less than a week before the deadline,
18:12Trump called a meeting in the White House Situation Room.
18:16I'll tell you candidly, I was a little bit nervous
18:19because, you know, I am making a case
18:22that is rife with national security issues.
18:26There were a number of warnings
18:27that there would be uprisings in capitals all over the Arab world
18:33and that it could also lead to our embassies being stormed
18:39and diplomats being taken hostage.
18:41And the president said to me,
18:43David, how do you read the situation?
18:45And I said to him, Mr. President,
18:47why wouldn't you keep this promise?
18:49Because of the threats of who?
18:51The Palestinians?
18:52Islamic Jihad?
18:53And I said, the whole world is watching.
18:55All the countries that are trying to size you up
18:58to see, do you have the courage of your convictions?
19:01They're going to see that you do because of this move.
19:05Trump's team called in the Palestinian negotiators.
19:09Mr. Kushner had asked for a meeting
19:11and I went to see him in his office,
19:15which was adjunct to the Oval Office.
19:18You could hear President Trump in the background.
19:20With him was Jason Greenblatt.
19:22We knew it would be upsetting to the Palestinians.
19:24We had respect for them.
19:25We didn't want them to be caught flat-footed.
19:27Dr. Saib Erekat asked Jared,
19:31you know, signing the waiver
19:34to make sure that the embassy
19:35is not moved from Tel Aviv to Jerusalem is tomorrow.
19:39To which Jared said,
19:40OK, we're not so sure if we are going to sign it or not.
19:43I said, seriously,
19:47if you're going to do this next week,
19:49look at this face,
19:50look at this face.
19:53This will be the last face you'll see
19:56an encounter by any Palestinian official.
20:01Erekat left Washington
20:02and returned to the West Bank.
20:06The next day,
20:08Trump asked to speak directly to Abbas.
20:11President Trump, of course, felt the need
20:13to let President Abbas know
20:14why he was moving the embassy
20:16and how it wasn't going in his mind
20:18to stop our efforts to try to achieve peace.
20:22So they got President Abbas on the phone.
20:24He told him, it's going to happen,
20:27but it's not going to affect your position.
20:29It's not going to affect your rights.
20:31It's not going to affect anything.
20:32He said, how?
20:33If you're going to recognize Jerusalem
20:35as a result of the capital,
20:36how it's not going to affect this?
20:38This is a pre-empting.
20:39I have an agreement with you.
20:40You told me that you will not take any action,
20:42Mr. President.
20:43President Abbas told President Trump,
20:46you promised us not to do it.
20:48and if you do it,
20:49I cannot but disengage.
20:52We were all listening in
20:53on different extensions.
20:54I think I was in the
20:54National Security Advisor's office,
20:56but the line went dead.
20:57And it seems there were issues with the line
21:00and our president was not really interested
21:01to hear all the, you know,
21:03wait with me.
21:04I'm going to give you much more
21:06than what I gave Israel.
21:07And I remember hearing President Trump saying,
21:09hello, Mahmoud, hello, and nothing.
21:12But I remember thinking,
21:14did President Abbas hang up
21:16on the president of the United States?
21:20President Abbas immediately instructed us
21:22not to have any contact
21:24with the U.S. administration
21:26until further instruction.
21:39After the president announced
21:41that we are moving the embassy to Jerusalem,
21:44Arab leaders around the region
21:46had prepared for the worst.
21:49But then, in fact, nothing happened.
21:51There were no uprisings
21:53or chaos or violence or bloodshed.
21:56And that was an indication to us
21:59that a new Middle East
22:01was coming into existence.
22:03And it was a Middle East
22:04that was tired of the old conflict
22:06between Arab nations and Israel.
22:11But one place did erupt.
22:20The American decision
22:21is to fight against our people.
22:23The war of our Palestinian people
22:24is to release a war against our Palestinians.
22:28At the border with Israel,
22:30protesters clashed with Israeli forces.
22:34and dozens of Palestinians were killed.
22:41For weeks,
22:42Palestinians had been demonstrating
22:44in what they called
22:45the Great March of Return.
22:48This was to remind the world
22:50that millions of their people
22:51had been made refugees
22:52through decades of conflict.
22:55They were also protesting
22:56against Israel's blockade of Gaza
22:58that was suffocating its economy.
23:03The humanitarian crisis
23:05was compounded
23:06by the Palestinian Authority
23:07restricting the money it supplied
23:08for salaries and electricity
23:10in Hamas-run Gaza.
23:15Hamas turned to a Gulf state
23:17that had been supporting them for years.
23:36international bank transactions
23:38to Gaza were impossible.
23:40The easiest way to get the money in
23:42was as cash
23:43carried in suitcases
23:45through Israel.
23:48surprisingly,
23:49Israel's prime minister
23:50was happy to allow it.
23:54Why did Netanyahu agree?
23:56Because there was a pressure
23:58in Gaza's capital
23:59through the travel routes.
24:01So Netanyahu
24:02said,
24:04I want to make a return
24:06with this meaning.
24:08In the summer of 2018,
24:10Netanyahu called in his cabinet
24:12to ask them to endorse
24:14what would be
24:14one of his most controversial decisions.
24:18Although we knew for sure
24:20that Hamas is taking
24:2220 or 30% of this money
24:24in order to build rockets
24:26and tunnels
24:27and things against us,
24:29on the other hand,
24:30you cannot ignore
24:30the two million people
24:33that are sitting there.
24:34Although they support the Hamas
24:36and most of them
24:37voted for Hamas,
24:38there are many children also there.
24:40that you have to provide them
24:43with minimal conditions.
24:46The decision to
24:49funnel money to Hamas
24:52was a decision made
24:53in that spirit.
24:54Let's maintain the status quo.
24:56The status quo was that
24:57Hamas ruled in Gaza
25:01and if we can give them
25:03economic prosperity,
25:05life will be better for them.
25:07therefore they won't want
25:09to kill us.
25:11The deal remained secret
25:13until this photo
25:14of the suitcases
25:15filled with cash
25:16was published.
25:25In the West Bank,
25:27the leadership of Abbas's
25:29Fatah party
25:29were in no doubt
25:30about Netanyahu's motivations.
25:34It didn't come as a surprise.
25:36Of course,
25:37the appearance was surprising
25:38because we didn't expect
25:40really a bag of cash
25:42to be carried.
25:43But we knew
25:44that there was
25:45Israeli support
25:47and we knew
25:48that it was
25:49in the Israeli strategic interest
25:51to maintain the split
25:53and to keep the two regimes.
26:16with the help of the money
26:18coming in from Qatar,
26:20Hamas was building
26:20its popularity
26:21with the people of Gaza.
26:22and they were getting support
26:26on the military front
26:27from another
26:28very powerful ally.
26:34The supreme leader
26:35of Iran,
26:36Ayatollah Khamenei,
26:38invited a top-level delegation
26:40of Hamas
26:40to Tehran.
27:05of Qasim Suleimani,
27:09Qasim Suleimani,
27:11was in charge of military support
27:14to Iran's proxies in the region.
27:17Badran and his colleagues
27:18asked for help
27:19building new rocket systems.
27:21of Qasim Suleimani,
27:26and he said to him,
27:27why don't you give them
27:28this thing?
27:29He said,
27:29this is a big thing,
27:30meaning it needs
27:31to improve,
27:32opportunities,
27:33and relationships,
27:35He said,
27:35to them,
27:36to do something special
27:37in this thing,
27:38that would be a good thing.
27:43In the years ahead,
27:45when Hamas needed military support,
27:47its leaders knew
27:48que eles podiam contar sobre o Tehran.
27:52Por isso, essas zéreiras constantes,
27:56e com os resultados,
27:59profissionais,
28:00profissionais e simples.
28:09Foi três anos desde que Trump promissou
28:12um deal de paz entre os palestinos e Israel.
28:17Agora, com a América entrando um ano de votação, o presidente decidiu anunciar o que ele chamou o deal do
28:24século.
28:29A top de uma delegada de Israel flew in, mas não havia palestinenses em sipe.
28:35Hoje Israel toma um grande passo para a paz.
28:44My vision presents a win-win opportunity for both sides, a realistic two-state solution that resolves the risk of
28:53Palestinian statehood to Israel's security.
28:58Israel is a light unto the world.
29:01The document claimed that Palestinians would be able to achieve an independent state, but only under stringent conditions.
29:08It confirmed that Jerusalem would remain Israel's undivided capital.
29:15It also talked about bringing major international investment into the West Bank and Gaza.
29:24I watched on television, as did the rest of my colleagues, and it unfolded, I think, exactly as we anticipated,
29:35that it was the American president delivering to the Israeli prime minister.
29:41I saw Netanyahu in every word, in every letter.
29:44I was just seeing Netanyahu's face popping out, piece for piece, economic piece.
29:50There was nothing in it about rights, not once.
29:53Nothing.
29:54Israel shall have an overall security control over the entire territory of historic Palestine,
30:01from the river to the sea.
30:02In exchange, we will just give Palestinians some cash.
30:07That's his logic.
30:10And therefore, our main assessment and decision was just to reject it outright.
30:20I had served as an advisor on the Trump peace plan, as a plan that had probably the best chances
30:28of success that I'd seen.
30:31By the way, it was the only peace plan in which Israel accepted the idea of territorial swaps.
30:39Swapping territory was a key part of Trump's plan.
30:42After years of unfulfilled promises.
30:44Israel would get 30% of the West Bank.
30:46In exchange, the Palestinians would receive a comparable amount of land in the Israeli desert
30:52far from the West Bank.
30:54The details would have to be agreed by both sides.
30:59After President Trump announced his vision, Prime Minister Netanyahu got up and announced
31:05his vision.
31:08Exceptional peace plan, Mr. President.
31:10And unfortunately, Prime Minister Netanyahu described conditions that were not captured
31:16in our vision.
31:20Netanyahu took the proposal of land swaps, as licensed to declare that he would annex huge
31:25swathes of the West Bank.
31:27Israel will apply its laws to the Jordan Valley, to all the Jewish communities in Judea and Samaria,
31:33and to other areas that your plan designates as part of Israel, and which the United States
31:39has agreed to recognize as part of Israel.
31:48I like that.
31:50President Trump was surprised with the substance and by the tone of the speech, which was far
31:57more about the sovereignty than about peace.
32:02This decision will protect Israel's security, ensure Israel's national interests.
32:07If Israel annexed land without negotiating, it could kill off any possibility of a two-state
32:12solution.
32:15President Abbas needed his allies to stand with him publicly.
32:19He requested an emergency meeting of the Arab League.
32:39President Trump's
32:42President Trump's
32:43Aqui está 47, aqui está 48.
32:48Aqui está o que é 22% de peso.
32:54Agora, isso é o que você pode receber.
33:05Os planejamentos para o Oeste Bank foram fechados em começo de julio.
33:12Onde um dia antes da deadline,
33:15o embaixador de um dos países mais importantes estados
33:18fez um descoberto.
33:22Para o fim de junio,
33:24Yusuf al-Oteba, o Emirati ambassador de Estados Unidos,
33:28chegou a dizer,
33:30estamos preparados para normalizar a relação com Israel
33:33se esse passo não move forward.
33:36E ele disse,
33:37olha,
33:38nós sempre queríamos encontrar uma maneira de normalizar com Israel.
33:43Nós também precisamos encontrar uma maneira de
33:46proporcionar algo para os palestinos.
33:49Então,
33:50vamos,
33:50vamos,
33:51vamos,
33:52vamos,
33:52vamos,
33:55normalizar.
33:57normalizar.
33:58Normalizar relations
33:59meant recognizing Israel as a state.
34:02It was something most Arab countries had always refused to do
34:06unless the Palestinians got a state of their own.
34:16normalization.
34:17In fact,
34:17Israel and the UAE had been working for years on normalization.
34:21In total secrecy.
34:25Back in 2006,
34:27Israel had opened an undercover mission in Dubai.
34:31The authorities there knew about us.
34:33It was by their consent.
34:35They said to us,
34:36we'll host you,
34:37but you cannot say that you are Israeli.
34:41We were trained like,
34:43not robots,
34:44but no,
34:45no talking about it.
34:47No one else,
34:48no friends,
34:50no,
34:50of course,
34:51no media.
34:52here.
34:53We are building the infrastructure for the peace in the future.
34:57Inshallah.
35:01When we spoke about peace,
35:03the authorities were not shy of telling us,
35:05listen,
35:06you have to have the Palestinian issue being solved.
35:09It will enable us to go for full normalization.
35:14The canceling of Netanyahu's annexations
35:17could be a step in the right direction.
35:22And the Emirates had another reason
35:24to push for normalization with Israel.
35:27They'd been lobbying Trump's team
35:29to get America's state-of-the-art F-35 jets.
35:36U.S. laws stated that no enemy of Israel in the Middle East
35:39could buy the latest American weapons.
35:44Normalization would help get round that.
35:48Jared Kushner told me that he had had meetings
35:51with senior Emirati officials
35:54that were very interested in F-35s.
35:57And he said,
35:58the Emiratis are thinking about
36:00normalizing relations with Israel.
36:02What do we have to do
36:03in order to sell F-35s to the UAE?
36:10A deal to sell the F-35s was agreed
36:12within a couple of weeks,
36:14subject to normalization going ahead.
36:18But the Israelis still hadn't committed to their part of the bargain.
36:22The Emiratis wanted this application of Israeli law,
36:26what is often called annexation,
36:28permanently to be taken off the table.
36:30We were not willing to do that.
36:34I was looking at a thesaurus, you know,
36:36for different words that, you know,
36:38that would mean putting something off.
36:40I'm looking for a word that makes clear
36:43that it's temporary versus permanent.
36:45You know, we came upon the word suspend.
36:48You can suspend something for a day, for a week,
36:51for a month, for a year, or for a longer period.
36:54And we could both say full-throatedly
36:57that it has been suspended.
36:59And the question of how long is a separate question.
37:07The normalization would be signed off
37:09in a phone call between Trump, Netanyahu,
37:12and the Emirates Crown Prince, Mohammed bin Zayed.
37:17Only minutes before the call,
37:19they decided to give a name to the deal.
37:22As soon as the phone call was over,
37:24we let the press in.
37:27And the first thing the president did was to say,
37:31well, let me explain to you, you know,
37:33why it's called the Abraham Accords.
37:35And he says, David, why don't you explain?
37:37David.
37:37Thank you, Mr. President.
37:38Abraham, as many of you know,
37:41was the father of all three great faiths.
37:45He's referred to as Abraham in the Christian faith,
37:48Abraham in the Muslim faith,
37:50and Abraham in the Jewish faith.
37:52I wanted it to be called the Donald J. Trump Accord.
37:57But I didn't think the press would understand that,
37:59so I didn't do that.
38:04The Abraham Accords were officially signed a month later,
38:09with Bahrain also a signatory.
38:13Netanyahu suspended the annexations in the West Bank,
38:16although Israeli settlements continue to be built there.
38:21As for the F-35 jets,
38:23they were never mentioned publicly as part of the deal.
38:29I mean, it was a momentous occasion in one sense.
38:32And, of course, because the Palestinians were not supportive of it,
38:35there was, in a sense, an empty chair in the room.
38:39The Palestinian Authority were basically opposed to the Abraham Accords.
38:48You said,
38:51you said that,
39:04you'll need more support.
39:06From the Taliban,
39:06one,
39:07one,
39:10one...
39:11Por isso, eu me contei com o presidente Abô Mazin e me contei sobre as questões que se tornam a
39:20questão do desenvolvimento.
39:21Abô Mazin me compartilhou com a visão do que isso é uma coisa muito interessante e uma coisa que vai
39:31ser mais forte para nós, como os palestinos,
39:35e nós precisamos pensar como queremos lidar com esse assunto.
39:40Nós convidamos para a palestinense com a palestinense com a palestinense.
39:46Depois de algumas semanas de negociações,
39:49Abbas Fata e Hamas finalmente disseram que eles iriam manter a palestinamento e a presidência de presidência.
39:58Hamas decidiu não se encarar um candidato para a presidência,
40:03deixando Abbas unirado depois de 16 anos em trabalho.
40:10E, por exemplo, Abbas Fata, mas nós sabemos que isso ajuda a palestinense com a palestinense com a palestinense
40:17através de as coisas que podem ser aceitadas.
40:22Três semanas antes da palestinamento, a palestinamento de palestinense estava olhando para Abbas.
40:28Até os membros da própria palestinense já estavam lutando contra os candidatos escolhidos.
40:34Abbas decidiu que ele tinha que agir.
40:40a palestinamento com a palestinamento,
40:41e a palestinamento com a palestinamento de palestinamento.
40:47Abbas disse que a razão de desalça da palestinamento
40:50foi que Israel tinha falado para confirmar que ele ia permitir que eleva a palestinamento em lugar no reino de
40:54Jerusalém.
41:18Abbas canceling the elections meant the deal with Hamas
41:22Os juros, o trabalho de Deus foi no papel, e com isso, tentou trazer a população militar na casa da
41:27política.
41:37No ano passado, o ramadã e o passover estão à mesma hora.
41:43O time foi terminada enquanto os juros e os muslims se ativaram na rua de Jerusalém.
41:56Tensões voltaram para a frente quando a polícia de Israel raida o Al-Aqsa,
42:01o lugar mais do que os muslims, apenas um metros de volta da guerra.
42:09De Gaza, a militar militar, a brigada de Kassam, decidiu intervenir.
42:16A guerra de Gaza não se torna a guerra só por derrubar de Gaza.
42:19Não podemos deixar nós e nós tivéssemos dentro do mesjado do Aqsa
42:24E nós ficamos apenas com os veículos
42:27E nós temos que nos lembrarmos
42:30E nos lembrarmos
42:32E nos lembrarmos
42:34E nos lembrarmos
42:34E eu disse em uma palavra
42:37Uma palavra
42:39Para os netanyahu e para os israelenses
42:42Eles falaram com os novos
42:45Vocês lutaram com os novos
42:47quando eles foram fechados para o Espírito Santo.
42:51Mas eles não conseguem isso. Eles não conseguem.
42:54No dia 6 e 3 minutos, o livro foi fechado e derrubou a cidade de Cintura.
43:01Há uma notícia que nós somos todos os jadinhos
43:04de defesa do nosso grupo e do nosso discurso.
43:12Quando você lançou um espelho para Jerusalém
43:15para dizer, eu sou o cara, eu vou chamar os shots aqui.
43:18É não uma boa ideia de um país como Israel.
43:23Você está tentando causar desfileios para os civis.
43:27Há consequências para isso.
43:40Israel usou toda a força da sua força
43:42para atacar Hamas e outros grupos de militares em Gaza
43:45em uma campanha de 11-dia de bomba de guerra
43:48chamada de Guardiã de Guerra.
43:57Essa vez, Hamas encontrou apoio mais além de Gaza.
44:02A rockets foram tiradas de Syria e de Lebanon.
44:08Há protestas em o West Bank.
44:11E os cidadãos de Israãs
44:14se tornamu com as forças de segurança.
44:17Então, a guerra foi transformada para a guerra.
44:21A guerra é uma guerra grande, uma guerra religiosa e uma guerra.
44:25A guerra foi transformada pela guerra no ano de 2023.
44:31A guerra de Al-Aqsa
44:32seria o nome que Hamas escolheu para o atalho 7 de outubro.
44:40Mas para os israelis,
44:42o guardião dos cidadãos de guerra
44:44foi a guerra deles.
44:45Quando nos saímos de uma guerra,
44:47eu acreditava com a área da sua direção
44:50para afirmar uma grande força
44:52sobre os terrores,
44:53para atacar suas habilidades
44:55e para ativar o desfile
44:57dentro do desfileiro.
45:00Então, nós fizemos isso.
45:28para conquistar Hamas.
45:32O militares explicou ao nosso governo de segurança
45:35o resultado do guardião do wall,
45:38que não havia penetrado no Israel.
45:40A barriga que Israel construiu há anos antes,
45:45funcionou muito bem.
45:47E foi uma boa sensação de que nós conseguimos.
45:51Mas Hamas ainda estava pegando os dois soldados
45:54e os dois soldados mortos na guerra de 2014.
45:59Eles também foram levados dois hostes.
46:02Prime Minister Bennett quer eles de volta.
46:06Esse é um ethos que os soldados precisam saber,
46:09e os famílios precisam saber,
46:11que quando nós enviamos os soldados,
46:13nós vamos ter eles de volta.
46:15Em qualquer forma.
46:17E os famílios precisam saber
46:19que nós vamos tratar os livros de vida sério.
46:26Negociações sobre os hostes
46:28foram sendo heldados com Yahya Simwa,
46:30o head do Hamas em Gaza.
46:34Ele foi lançado da prisão de uma prisão
46:36uma década antes,
46:37em um acordo com um milagre de palestinos
46:40para um soldado de Israel, Gilad Shalit.
46:47Agora ele estava demandando
46:49um outro espetáculo exame.
46:53Um segundo de novembro de lá,
46:57era igual que o Zimmerシal é que
46:59Um segundo de novembro de
46:59Era bem legal na mesa
47:01que não era verdadeira
47:03que ninguém ia dar de
47:04a demanda do Hamas
47:05de lançar um
47:07uma quantidade absente de pesquisadores com sangue em suas mãos.
47:11Nosso objetivo foi reduzir o preço, assim a dizer.
47:17Temos muitos pesquisadores e pesquisadores.
47:37Nós temos mais de mais de mais de mais de mais de mais de mais de mais de mais de
47:41mais de mais de mais de mais de mais de mais.
47:55Hamas não fez um segredo de seus objetivos,
47:58postando no social media vídeos de desastres de desastres.
48:07Mas os israelis tinham um grande fonte de segurança sobre e debaixo de terra,
48:12ao longo da toda a border com o Gaza.
48:18E, atrás da escala, Israel estava trabalhando em um plano audazio que eles pensavam
48:23dar uma melhor proteção.
48:26Eles tentavam normalizar as relações com o Saudi-Arabia,
48:30o país mais poderoso da região.
48:34Para isso, eles precisavam da ajuda do novo presidente da U.S.
48:38Mas eles precisavam de espera para o seu chance.
48:44Durante o campanha, o Biden tinha chamado Saudi-Arabia a pariah-estate.
48:50Agora, com pressão para lidar com os preços aumentados,
48:53ele finalmente decidiu visitar.
48:59Ele parou em Israel primeiro,
49:01onde ele tinha algo de uma dressa para o seu vencedor em Saudi-Arabia.
49:05J.K.
49:06Sôniaceu, J.S.
49:08J.S.
49:11J.K.
49:20J.K.
49:22J.K.
49:23J.K.
49:24J.K.
49:25J.K.
49:26J.K.
49:27J.K.
49:28que provavelmente seria eu.
49:32O presidente chegou e, enquanto ele estava passando,
49:35ele começou a fiss-pumpir a todos nós,
49:37na parte da reunião.
49:42Há muita ansiedade sobre a handshake
49:46que ia chegar 48 horas depois em Saudi Arabia.
49:51O que ele estava reluando a mão com os saúdi royais
49:54ele levou responsável por incómodos human rights violations.
49:59Ele tentou uma nova forma de greeting para os israelis.
50:03O que eles queriam mostrar
50:04é que ele estava fazendo fiss-pumpir em Israel
50:08e que ele estava fazendo fiss-pumpir em Saudi Arabia.
50:15Nós entendemos que há uma oportunidade
50:17de usar essa visita
50:19para criar acordos ou acordos
50:24que são trilaterais,
50:25americanos, sáudis e israelis.
50:29Nós sabíamos que, naquela época,
50:31a normalização total era prematuro,
50:34mas nós queríamos algo
50:36que era muito tangível e significativo e simbólico.
50:39As a starting point,
50:41Israel wanted permission
50:42for its aircraft
50:43to fly over Saudi territory.
51:04A grande série de reuniões
51:07com a grande série de reuniões
51:08com a grande série de reuniões
51:09com o governo de Saudi Arabia
51:09e a grande série de reuniões.
51:12A primeira série de sautia,
51:14que agora está aberta
51:14para o avião de Israel.
51:16Esse é o primeiro passo
51:18tangível no caminho
51:19que eu espero que
51:21eventualmente seja
51:21uma nova normalização
51:23de relações.
51:27Seis meses depois,
51:29Netanyahu voltou para poder.
51:31Ele fez isso
51:32por formar o governo
51:33mais direto-o em Israel.
51:35em Israel's history.
51:42One of its first acts
51:44was to push
51:45for a judicial reform
51:46that would give him
51:46greater control
51:47of the Supreme Court.
51:53Massive protests
51:54erupted across the country
51:55and went on for months.
52:00Thousands of army reservists
52:02even threatened
52:03not to report
52:04for duty if called on.
52:10Despite the turmoil,
52:11Netanyahu remained intent
52:12on signing
52:13a peace deal
52:14with Saudi Arabia.
52:25Nine months into office,
52:27he traveled to New York
52:28for the annual
52:29UN General Assembly.
52:34As the world leaders gathered,
52:36a U.S. news crew
52:37was in Saudi Arabia
52:38interviewing
52:39the Crown Prince
52:40Mohammed bin Salman.
52:42For the first time,
52:44he talked publicly
52:45about an imminent deal
52:46to normalize relations
52:47with Israel.
52:49Now we don't have a relation
52:50with Israel,
52:51but if the Biden administration
52:54succeeded
52:54to make,
52:56I believe,
52:56the biggest historical deal
52:58since the end
52:58of the Cold War,
53:03then we're going to start
53:04a relationship.
53:05Literally up until October 6th,
53:08there was a grand strategic play
53:12that we were putting together
53:15for the Middle East.
53:16Part of it was that
53:18there would be a suite
53:19of U.S.-Saudi bilateral agreements,
53:23the mutual defense treaty,
53:25something on a civilian nuclear program
53:28for Saudi Arabia.
53:30And in exchange for that,
53:32or adjacent to that,
53:34the Saudis were willing
53:36to normalize relations with Israel.
53:38And the Americans forced them to say,
53:41no, you have to ask also
53:42for some solution
53:44for the Palestinian problem.
53:46They didn't want to add it,
53:48so they added something
53:50that was very vague.
53:51We have good negotiations
53:52continue till now.
53:54We're going to see
53:55where it will go.
53:56We hope that it will reach a place
53:58that it will ease the life
54:00of the Palestinians
54:01and get Israel as a player
54:05in the Middle East.
54:08The Saudis weren't asking
54:09for any commitments
54:10or changes
54:11on a specific timeline.
54:12And in fact,
54:13they even understood
54:14that the structure
54:16of what could be
54:17a viable Palestinian state
54:19in the West Bank or Gaza
54:21didn't yet exist at that time.
54:24I have great pleasure
54:26in welcoming
54:26His Excellency Benjamin Netanyahu,
54:29Prime Minister of the State of Israel.
54:31I invite him
54:32to address the assembly.
54:37I've long sought to make peace
54:39with the Palestinians,
54:40but I also believe
54:42that we must not give
54:44the Palestinians a veto
54:46over new peace treaties
54:48with Arab states.
54:49Look at what happens
54:51when we make peace
54:53between Saudi Arabia and Israel.
54:56The whole Middle East changes.
54:59We tear down the walls of enmity.
55:02We bring the possibility
55:04of prosperity and peace
55:05to this entire region.
55:08Netanyahu's map
55:09made no reference
55:10to the Palestinians at all.
55:13He stood on that podium
55:16and basically told the whole world,
55:18this is the map,
55:20these are my plans,
55:22this is the new Middle East,
55:24erasure of Palestine,
55:26erasure of the Palestinian people.
55:43Netanyahu's speech came at an especially fraught time.
55:50since the beginning of the year,
55:52Palestinians and Israelis
55:54in the West Bank
55:55had been engaged
55:56in increasingly deadly clashes.
56:00The worst for 20 years.
56:03di
56:04of the Palestinian people.
56:05We are Palestinians
56:06and we are a rebellion.
56:08And we as the presser,
56:10we are not able to laugh
56:11at this situation.
56:13The world which denied
56:15the system of Palestine
56:16in what they ask
56:17of and the nature of justice
56:19is a war-of-lifeus,
56:20is the
56:21hope to drink from this
56:22war at any
56:23time. Make sure
56:26you're not helping us
56:27stop.
56:30I was probably meeting with my Israeli counterparts more than any other partner that I had in
56:40my entire Middle East portfolio.
56:42So the first thing that happens is an exchange of views on what we would call the threat
56:47environment.
56:48It starts with Iran, goes to Hezbollah, then the militias in Iraq and Syria.
56:56Very, very rarely was Hamas making a top five of concerns about risks to Israel's security.
57:49It took me hours to understand what's going on.
57:57Our people, our civilians, that we have a contract with them.
58:02We failed.
58:03We am saying the government, the IDF, the Shabak, everyone.
58:08We failed to protect them.
58:17October 7th is now a new demarcation for beginning to talk about what's possible, what's not possible.
58:24How do you begin to change the dynamic?
58:31It's not that it makes it impossible, but it raises the bar.
58:42If you don't have a just and fair solution for the Palestinian issue, that source of disagreement
58:47and conflict will remain.
58:52Whether it does happen or not depends on the leadership.
58:54It's not that it is.
58:55It's not that it means that it's not a part of the safe space.
59:24Amém.
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