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00:19University Challenge. Asking the questions, I'm all round to.
00:28Hello and welcome to University Challenge. Tonight, we begin phase two of our double elimination quarterfinal stage. The teams in
00:35this match are now playing for a place in the semifinals. Both of them have won one quarterfinal already, so
00:41a win tonight will be enough to see them through. The losing team, however, will have one more chance to
00:45grab that second win at a later date.
00:48The team from Edinburgh seem to be getting stronger with each match they play in this year's competition. After a
00:53slightly uneven performance against Newcastle in round one, they beat Trinity College Cambridge in round two, having nearly doubled their
00:59bonus conversion rate.
01:00And in their first quarterfinal against Manchester, they were dominant on the buzzer, taking 12 starters to Manchester's five with
01:06no five-point penalties. Film, music and modern literature are among their many strengths, and their average score so far
01:12is 190 points per game. Let's meet the team from Edinburgh for the fourth time.
01:17Hi, I'm Parthav Eshwar. I'm from Portland, Oregon, in the United States, and I'm studying for a master's in sustainable
01:23lands and cities.
01:24Hi, I'm Johnny Richards. I'm from Los Angeles, California, and I'm doing a PhD on ancient DNA.
01:30And their captain.
01:31Hi, I'm Alice Leonard. I'm from Portsmouth, and I'm studying for a master's in environment, culture and society.
01:37Hi, I'm Rehan Amjad. I'm from Dublin and Glasgow, and I'm studying for a PhD in computer science.
01:45The team from Merton College, Oxford, came into this round off the back of two comfortable wins over strong teams
01:50from Durham and Churchill College, Cambridge.
01:52Their first quarterfinal, however, against UCL, was much more closely fought.
01:57After the first start, the league changed hands seven times, and with less than a minute to go, the scores
02:01were level.
02:02In the end, however, Captain Elliott's knowledge of French literature secured Merton the victory.
02:07Literature generally is clearly one of their strong suits, as is history, and their average score is also 190 points.
02:13Let's meet the team from Merton College once again.
02:16Hi, I'm Kieran Duncan. I'm from High Wycombe, and I'm doing a PhD in English literature.
02:21Hi, I'm Evelyn Ong. I'm from Singapore, and I'm studying for an undergraduate degree in mathematics and philosophy.
02:27And their captain.
02:28Hi, I'm Elliot Cosnett. I'm from Hatton in Warwickshire, and I'm studying for an undergraduate degree in history.
02:34Hi, I'm Verity Fleetwood-Law. I'm from Amersham in Buckinghamshire, and I'm studying English and French.
02:43Very nice to see you all, and to see you applauding each other.
02:46Very nice to see your crazy mascots as well.
02:48Shall we begin? Fingers on buzzers. Here's your start of a ten. Good luck.
02:51Answer as soon as your name is called.
02:53What are the only two vowels that can be found in the titles of a 2021 film directed by Sian
03:00Hader,
03:00a 2020 film directed by Chloe Zhao, a 2012 film directed by...
03:06O and A.
03:07Yep, that's right. The films were Coda, Nomadland, and Carver.
03:11Well done.
03:11Your bonuses, then, are on philosophical debates.
03:14A combative series of articles and responses by Jacques Derrida and John Searle, beginning in the 1970s,
03:21were inspired by Derrida's 1971 Montreal conference address, Signature, Event, Context,
03:26in which he critiqued the work of witch thinker as it appeared in his 1962 book, How to Do Things
03:33with Words.
03:34Oh.
03:351962. Is it a linguist if it's words?
03:38It's...
03:38Semi-artics.
03:40Who would be... Margaret Mead was semi-artics, right?
03:43Mollaponte?
03:44Like that.
03:45OK, yeah, let's go.
03:46Mollaponte.
03:47No, it's J.L. Austin.
03:48The University of London's international colloquium in the philosophy of science hosted a 1965 debate
03:54between which two philosophers of science, particularly regarding the differences presented in their respective works on the subject,
04:01the structure of scientific revolutions and the logic of scientific discovery?
04:05So, one of them is Thomas Kuhn and...
04:07Hopper?
04:08I like that.
04:08Let's go with that, yeah.
04:09Kuhn and Hopper.
04:10Well done.
04:10Which philosopher is at the centre of a metaphorical debate with Jürgen Habermas,
04:15largely over the differing conceptions of power in their work?
04:18He also engaged in an in-person debate with Noam Chomsky on Dutch television in 1971
04:22over the possibility of an innate human nature, which this philosopher largely rejected.
04:28I think this is the Chomsky-Foucault debate.
04:29Yeah.
04:30Yeah, Foucault.
04:31It is Foucault, yes.
04:32Don't start with the question.
04:33Located in the upper reaches of the Inguri River Basin,
04:38The village of Chajashi in Ushguli community is part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site of Upper Zvaneti.
04:44Found in what country?
04:46Over 2,000 metres above sea level, the village has preserved more than 200 of the region's distinct medieval towers
04:51built by the Zvan...
04:53Is it Italy?
04:55No, I'm afraid you'll lose five points.
04:57Built by the Zvan people to serve as both homes and defence posts, as well as Orthodox churches and fortresses.
05:06No, it's Georgia.
05:08Let's start the question.
05:09What is the name given to aggregations of the protein alpha-synuclein that can appear within and often displace the
05:15components of brain cells?
05:18Trions.
05:19No, I'm afraid you'll lose five points.
05:21They are named for the German neurologist who discovered them while examining the brains of patients who had suffered from
05:26Parkinson's disease and dementia.
05:33What type of structure appears in all these paintings?
05:39Robert Delaunay's Champs-de-Mars, Ellis Lowry's The Tollbooth, Glasgow, and a work by Bruegel inspired by a scene from
05:46the Book of Genesis.
05:47The first of these structures is...
05:49Mersinong.
05:50Ship.
05:50No, I'm afraid you'll lose five points.
05:52The first of these structures is of puddle iron, a type of wrought iron.
05:56The second, stone.
05:58And the last...
05:59Edinburgh Richards.
06:00A fountain?
06:01No, they all depict towers.
06:02So Delaunay's work depicts the Eiffel Tower and Bruegel's The Tower of Babel.
06:06Another starting question now.
06:06Fingers on buzzers.
06:07What three words complete the following excerpt, taken from the content section of a 1993 novel?
06:14Calcutta simmers in a stew of talk.
06:17A cemetery affords a pleasing walk.
06:19Beneath the neem the village children play, worn cattle churn the burning earth to clay.
06:23A desperate mother ventures to deploy, fair means or foul to net.
06:27What?
06:28The three words form the title...
06:30Edinburgh Amjad.
06:31A suitable boy.
06:32Yes, as in the novel by Victor Amstace.
06:34Three questions for you on a poet.
06:36Described by biographer Jonathan Bate as the greatest labouring class poet that England ever produced,
06:41which Northamptonshire poet, born in 1793, wrote primarily on rural themes
06:47before spending most of the final 27 years of his life in asylums.
06:51Duck.
06:52Stephen Duck.
06:53Does that make sense?
06:54Labouring poet.
06:55Yeah, let's call it it.
06:55Stephen Duck.
06:56No, it's John Clare.
06:57What is the title of Clare's 1827 poetry collection that depicts the progress of a year,
07:02much like an earlier work by Edmund Spencer with a similar title?
07:07Progress of a year?
07:07What did Edmund Spencer write, apart from the very first year?
07:09I don't know.
07:10What does that mean?
07:10Have you got anything?
07:11Yeah, it was pass.
07:12Pass.
07:13It's the shepherd's calendar.
07:14Clare declared that, quote, whoever looks round sees eternity there, in a poem dedicated
07:19to which subject that John Keats described as a close bosom friend of the maturing sun?
07:25Oh, Keats.
07:26What Keats?
07:27That sounds like an ode, right?
07:30Uh, autumn, melancholy, you know?
07:34I don't know what those things.
07:35Yeah, it's not an ode.
07:36I don't mind autumn.
07:37Like the sun setting or something.
07:38Sure, sun setting?
07:39Like a hill?
07:41Yeah, yeah, sure.
07:42The horizon?
07:43No, it was autumn.
07:44Bad.
07:44I'm sorry.
07:45I'm sorry.
07:46You've done all the hard work.
07:47Bad luck.
07:48Now, let's start a question.
07:49What two words link all of the following?
07:51A 1949 Raoul Walsh film in which James Cagney plays the ambitious gangster Cody Jarrett.
07:58Martin Duncan.
07:59Roaring 20s.
08:00I'm afraid you lose five points.
08:01An influential 1990 cookbook and memoir written by Marco Pierre White, the second part of the title of a 1968
08:08album by the Velvet Underground, and a phrase used in a 1963 speech given by Harold Wilson outlining the intensity
08:14and possibility of technological advancement.
08:18BELL RINGS
08:18Edinburgh and Jed.
08:19White light.
08:20Bad luck, Ray Han.
08:21I can't accept that.
08:22That's the first part of the title of the Velvet Underground album.
08:25What I needed was white heat.
08:27Wilson talked about the white heat of technology.
08:29Another start of the question.
08:30What surname is shared by both the Mexican general who assumed the country's presidency in 1913 following the so-called
08:36ten tragic days in which he staged a coup against Francesco Madero,
08:40and the American labour activist who, along with...
08:44Martin Cosnett.
08:46Chavez.
08:46I'm afraid you'll lose five points.
08:48Along with Gilbert Padilla and Cesar Chavez, co-founded the organisation that would later become the United Farm Workers of
08:54America and...
08:56Edinburgh.
08:57Each one.
08:57Diaz.
08:58No, it's Huerta, Victoriano and Dolores, respectively.
09:01Another start of the question.
09:02In the English titles of three works written in Irish, Chinese and Latin, respectively,
09:08what short word appears, along with Ulster, in the name of a manuscript that begins in 431 CE,
09:15follows spring and autumn in a work that ends shortly before the death of Confucius,
09:19and is the title of a work on the Julio-Claudian emperors by the Roman historian Tacitus?
09:26Edinburgh, MJ.
09:27Annals.
09:27Yes, well done.
09:29It is indeed.
09:29Three questions for you, Edinburgh, on a phrase.
09:32What three-word phrase is commonly used to designate the decades-long period of reduced Chinese political unity and dominance
09:39by foreign powers,
09:40lasting from roughly the start of the First Opium War in 1839 to the end of the Second World War?
09:45Nominate Richard.
09:46Centre of Humiliation.
09:47Correct.
09:48Well done.
09:48Again, I need a three-word answer here.
09:51During the Second Opium War, British and French troops attempted to intentionally humiliate the Chinese by attacking what complex in
09:58Beijing,
09:58known locally as Yuan Ming Yuan, it remains destroyed today, unlike its largely restored counterpart nearby.
10:05Definitely Old Summer Palace.
10:06Oh, the Old Summer Palace, Yuan Ming Yuan.
10:08Yeah.
10:09Nominate Richard.
10:10The Old Summer Palace.
10:11Yes.
10:11Correct.
10:12The Century of Humiliation is widely considered to have ended following the end of World War II
10:16and the establishment of China alongside the US, the UK and the Soviet Union,
10:20as one of the four, what?
10:22A successor to the four powers of the war.
10:25Oh.
10:26Superpowers.
10:29No, but that's five, and that has France.
10:31I would go with superpowers, yeah.
10:32That feels crazy.
10:34I don't know.
10:35I'm not sure what it would be.
10:36Yeah, yeah, yeah.
10:37Superpowers.
10:38No, it's a policeman.
10:39Bad luck.
10:40Plenty of time, Merton.
10:41See if you get going with this picture round.
10:42It's a picture starter, and you'll be shown an excerpt from a classical text.
10:46For ten points, name the author.
10:50In a British word.
10:52Herodotus.
10:53No.
10:53You may not confer.
10:55Anyone would have a go?
10:57Merton Cosmet.
10:58Juvenile.
10:59No, it's Pliny the Elder.
11:01We'll take your picture bonuses in a moment.
11:03Another start of the question.
11:04I'm looking for a single five-letter word here.
11:07What theological concept is named in the titles of both a posthumously published poem by Samuel
11:12Taylor Coleridge and a 1972 poem by Seamus Heaney?
11:16Coleridge describes this strange place as a spirit jail, walled round by the mere horror of blank...
11:22Merton Cosmet.
11:23Limbo.
11:23It is limbo.
11:24Well done.
11:24Your bonuses, though.
11:25For your picture starter, Merton, you saw an extract from Naturalis Historia by Roman historian
11:30Pliny the Elder detailing his impressions of the Arabian Peninsula.
11:34For your picture bonuses, you'll be shown maps of the Near East marked with the locations
11:38of ancient cities mentioned in Naturalis Historia, the ruins of which are now UNESCO World Heritage
11:44sites.
11:45For five points each, name the city.
11:48First, this ancient capital city.
11:51Oh, it could be like Memphis.
11:54It's not Cairo.
11:55It would be a different country.
11:56It's Egypt.
11:56Yeah.
11:57Memphis.
11:58Yes.
11:58Next, this city known for its Greco-Roman architecture.
12:02It's not Petra, it's in Syria.
12:04It's in Syria.
12:05Casca or Syrian cities.
12:07Antioch, maybe?
12:08What were you thinking?
12:09No, I didn't.
12:10Antioch.
12:11Antioch.
12:11No, it's Palmyra.
12:12And finally?
12:14This could be Petra because it's in Jordan, relatively far-sized.
12:17Yes, UNESCO.
12:18Petra?
12:18Well worked out.
12:19It is Petra, yes.
12:21Now to start the question.
12:22What Arabic term, literally meaning head or top of the shop, denotes a complex spice blend
12:28used widely in the cuisines of Morocco, Tunisia and Algeria?
12:32Is it out there?
12:33No, I'm afraid you'll lose five points.
12:35Recipes for which vary widely and often contain upwards of 20 ingredients, with cumin, ginger,
12:40cardamom, cinnamon and nutmeg among standard inclusions.
12:46Sumac?
12:46No, it's Raz El Hanout.
12:48Another starter question.
12:49I need a short single word name here.
12:52What modern syncretic belief system can trace its recent origins to Gerald Gardner, a retired
12:58civil servant who taught and practised neo-paganism from the mid...
13:02Merton Cosmit.
13:03Wicca.
13:04It is Wicca.
13:04Well done.
13:05Your bonuses then, Merton, are on chemical elements identified as carcinogenic by the
13:10National Cancer Institute in the United States.
13:12In each case, I need you to name the element from the NCI's description.
13:17First, a naturally occurring radioactive metal that is found in soil, rock, water and minerals
13:22such as monazite.
13:23Its properties have led to its historical usage in ceramic glazes, lantern mantles, welding
13:29rods and medical radiology.
13:32Uranium, maybe?
13:34Uranium.
13:34Uranium.
13:35Uranium.
13:36Uranium.
13:37No, radium, maybe.
13:38Radium?
13:39No, it's thorium.
13:40Secondly, an extremely lightweight and hard metal found in nature, especially in Bertrandite
13:46rock, which is used in high technology consumer and commercial products, including aerospace
13:50components, transistors, nuclear reactors and golf clubs.
13:54Titanium, I think.
13:55Yeah, that sounds good.
13:56Titanium.
13:57No, it's beryllium.
13:58Lastly, a radioactive gas that is released from the normal decay of the elements uranium,
14:03thorium and radium in rocks and soil, which can accumulate in areas without adequate ventilation,
14:08such as underground mine.
14:09Radon.
14:10Yes, well done.
14:11Let's start with a question.
14:12Derived from a Lyonnais puppetry tradition, analogous to Punch and Judy, what two-word French
14:18term is commonly used to describe a form of melodramatic horror theatre popular in 19th
14:23century France?
14:25Edinburgh Richards.
14:26Grand Guignol.
14:27It is indeed.
14:28Well done.
14:29Three questions for you on spiced coffee.
14:32A Mexican drink in which coffee is brewed with cinnamon, cloves and piloncillo is known as café
14:37de what word, literally meaning pot, referring to the clay pots traditionally used for its preparation?
14:43What does pot in Spanish?
14:45I don't know.
14:46I have no idea.
14:47Nothing, right?
14:48Yeah, I don't know.
14:49That's café de olla.
14:50Yeah.
14:50In English, what demonym is used to refer to a style of coffee with a thick consistency
14:55that is prepared using finely ground beans brewed slowly in a long-handled pot called a jesva
15:01and often flavoured with cardamom?
15:02Turkish coffee.
15:03Oh, Turkish coffee.
15:04Yes.
15:05Which spice from a plant related to both cardamom and turmeric is the principal flavouring of the Indonesian
15:10coffee brew kopi jahe, with jahe being the word for this spice in Indonesian?
15:15Cloves?
15:16Related to cardamom and...
15:18Oh, is it ginger?
15:20Ginger.
15:20Yeah, is that related to cardamom?
15:22Yeah.
15:22I don't know cardamom, but it is ginger.
15:24Yeah, ginger.
15:24It is ginger.
15:25Well done.
15:26Music round now.
15:27For your music starter, you're going to hear a piece of popular music.
15:30For ten points, I need you to name the group you hear performing.
15:34I soak my head in the sink for a while.
15:38Chosen my neck and it makes me smile.
15:41But my bones have to move and my skin's gotta breathe.
15:45You pick up the phone and I'm so relieved.
15:48You slide down your stairs and I need you straight.
15:52The sun has left the...
15:53Someone have a go.
15:54Come on, have a guess.
15:56I don't want to walk around without...
15:59Martin Cosnett.
16:00Arctic Monkeys.
16:01That's amusing, but not quite there, no.
16:04Bit more, a tiny bit more, but not too much Edinburgh.
16:06No, I'm going to put you out of your misery.
16:11That was Animal Collective.
16:12We'll take your music bonuses in a moment.
16:14In pharmacology, for what does the abbreviation TI stand?
16:20Referring to a quantitative expression of the margin of safety
16:23that exists between an effective dose of a particular drug
16:26and a toxic or harmful dose of that drug,
16:30most often calculated as the ratio of the median lethal dosage
16:34to the median effective dosage.
16:39Toxicity index.
16:41No.
16:41Anyone from Burton?
16:46No, I'll tell you.
16:47It's the therapeutic index.
16:48Bad luck.
16:49Another starting question.
16:50What regnal number links all of these?
16:52The first king of France from the House of Bourbon,
16:54the king of Spain who commissioned Velázquez's painting,
16:57Las Meninas,
16:58the king of Scotland killed at the Battle of Flodden in...
17:00Martin Cosnett.
17:02Third.
17:02No, I'm afraid you lose five points in 1513,
17:05and the English king often known as Bolingbroke.
17:09Each one.
17:10Fourth.
17:10Yes, Henry the fourth, Philip the fourth, James the fourth,
17:13and another Henry the fourth.
17:15For your music starter,
17:16you heard quite a lot of Animal Collective's summertime clothes
17:18taken from their 2009 album, Meriwether Post Pavilion,
17:22named after and inspired by the Maryland concert venue of the same name.
17:26For your bonuses, three more tracks inspired by concert venues.
17:29In each case, I need you to give me the name of the artist.
17:33First, this singer.
17:39Fiona Rappel.
17:40Fiona Rappel.
17:42Yes.
17:43Fiona Rappel.
17:44Yes.
17:44Well done.
17:45That's Lago.
17:45About Lago in Los Angeles.
17:47Secondly, this band.
17:48And, oh, the music is so loud.
17:53Calexico?
17:54Maybe.
17:55I don't know.
17:57This is not my...
17:58It sounds like that.
17:59Yeah, no, me undead.
18:00Calexico?
18:01No, it's Love.
18:02Lastly, this band.
18:05Um, go to Britsy and The Clash.
18:08Yeah, it's The Clash.
18:08The Clash.
18:09The Clash.
18:10That is The Clash, so we'll give you the points,
18:12but you had the wrong song.
18:12That's White Man in Hammersmith Palace.
18:15Another starter question.
18:16Derived from the Aramaic alphabet,
18:18what name is given to the writing system used in Persia
18:21from around the 2nd century BCE to the 7th century CE?
18:26This name is also shared by Iran's final ruling dynasty
18:29and its two leaders.
18:31Edinburgh, each one.
18:32Pallavi.
18:33It is Pallavi.
18:34Well done.
18:34Your famous is Edinburgh.
18:36Three questions on a religious order.
18:38Founded in the 1660s at a namesake abbey in Normandy
18:42and officially known as the Order of Cistercians
18:44of the Strict Observance, what religious order is today
18:47best known for brewing their namesake style of beer?
18:50Trappist.
18:51Trappist.
18:52Trappist.
18:53Yes.
18:54Correct.
18:54Which American mystic, born in Prague in France,
18:57spent the final 27 years of his life in a Trappist monastery
19:00in Kentucky where he composed his spiritual autobiography
19:03The Seven Story Mountain.
19:05Who?
19:05Thomas Merton.
19:06Thomas Merton.
19:07Correct.
19:08Mount St Bernard, the only Trappist abbey in England,
19:11can be found near Colville, about six miles east of Ashby-de-la-Zouche
19:14in which county?
19:16Where's Colville?
19:17Ashby-de-la-Zouche.
19:18Trappist don't do Brewbuck fast?
19:20Shouldn't it be in the South?
19:21Yeah, no, that makes sense.
19:21Do you know where that happens?
19:23It's in the South.
19:24Norwich.
19:24No, no.
19:25Come on.
19:26Dorset.
19:27Dorset.
19:28Dorset.
19:28No, it's Leicestershire.
19:29That's not a question.
19:30Answer as soon as your name is called.
19:33What prime number results from adding together the number of players
19:37allowed in play at any one time per team in the following three sports?
19:42Volleyball, netball and ice hockey.
19:4924.
19:50No.
19:5419.
19:55It is 19.
19:56Well done.
19:57Six plus seven plus six.
19:58Three questions for you, Merton, on a theme in art.
20:01Primarily known for her work in 16mm film,
20:03which British artists' works include the 2008 film Prisoner Pair,
20:07a close-up study of the slow decay of two pairs bottled in schnapps?
20:11No idea.
20:12Any ideas?
20:13Tracey Ammon.
20:14Check.
20:14Right sort of time?
20:16Anything?
20:17Anything better?
20:18No.
20:18What?
20:19No sculptor, Tracey Ammon.
20:21Tracey Ammon.
20:22No, it's Tassiter Dean.
20:23Which Scottish artist, often classed as one of the YBAs,
20:26created the 1992 installation Red on Green,
20:29consisting of 10,000 cut red roses laid on a bed of their leaves and stems
20:33that are deliberately allowed to shrivel and rot?
20:36I don't know.
20:36No.
20:37Scottish artists?
20:38No.
20:38And you...
20:40Tracey Ammon again.
20:41Sure.
20:42Tracey Ammon.
20:43No, it's Anya Galaccio.
20:45Which YBA's significant early works include A Thousand Years,
20:48a 1990 installation that involves a decomposing cow's head
20:51in a large glass-and-steel vitrine?
20:53Tracey Ammon.
20:54Damien Haas.
20:55Yes, it is.
20:56Another starter question.
20:57Picture round now.
20:57For your picture starter, you're going to see an illustration
20:59of an optical device.
21:02For ten points, I need you to give me its two-word name.
21:06Merton Hong.
21:07Camera obscura.
21:08Well done, it is indeed.
21:09For your picture starter, Merton, you saw a camera obscura
21:12which David Hockney claimed was used by a number of notable
21:14visual artists in his 2001 book, Secret Knowledge.
21:17For your bonuses, you'll see paintings by three artists
21:20that Hockney claimed made use of the camera obscura.
21:23Five points for each you can name.
21:24First, this artist.
21:26Canaletto, maybe?
21:27Yeah.
21:28Sure.
21:29Like Tintoretto.
21:30I don't know.
21:31No, it's not Tintoretto.
21:32Canaletto?
21:32Yes.
21:32Second, the artist of this painting, whom Hockney postulates,
21:35may have used a camera obscura in order to capture a high level
21:38of detail.
21:39Oh, it could be...
21:43I don't know.
21:44Anyone?
21:45Delacroix.
21:46Delacroix sounds good, maybe.
21:47Delacroix?
21:48No, that was by Ingres.
21:49Lastly, this artist.
21:51That's Vermeer.
21:52Vermeer.
21:53Yes.
21:53Let's start with questions.
21:55Max Ophel's 1950 film La Ronde is set in the early 20th century
21:59in which European city?
22:02Merton Duncan.
22:03Vienna.
22:03It is Vienna, yes.
22:05Three questions on botanist Lester Sharp.
22:08In 1921, Sharp published an influential textbook titled
22:11An Introduction to Which Branch of Biology?
22:14Concerned with the make-up and structure of cells?
22:17Microbiology.
22:18Microbiology.
22:18Cytology.
22:19The 1934 edition of Sharp's book included the first use of what
22:2311-letter name for the protein structure that forms on the centromere
22:27of chromosomes and aids in their segregation during cell division?
22:31T-E-L-O-N-E.
22:32T-E-L-O-N-E.
22:34T-E-L-O-N-E.
22:34I don't know.
22:35Just pass.
22:36Pass.
22:36That's the Kenita core.
22:38Which scientist credited a course taught by Sharp at Cornell University with inspiring
22:42her to pursue further research into cytogenetics, in which capacity she eventually discovered
22:47the existence of transposons or jumping genes?
22:50Mc...
22:50Oh.
22:52McClintock.
22:53McClintock.
22:54Yes.
22:55Four and a half minutes to go.
22:57The largest of the zodiac.
22:58Which constellation contains the sombrero galaxy and the bright star speaker?
23:03The sun lies within...
23:05Virgo.
23:05It is Virgo, yes.
23:07Three questions for you, Merton, on musical textures.
23:10What term describes a musical texture in which multiple voices or instruments simultaneously
23:14play variations of the...
23:16Polyphony.
23:16Polyphony.
23:17No, that's something different.
23:18It's heterophony.
23:19Okay.
23:20Derived from a Greek term meaning sounding across, what term describes a musical texture
23:24in which the melody is passed between multiple groups of instruments or voices often placed
23:29in different parts of a church or concert venue?
23:32Diaphony.
23:33It's across.
23:34Diaphony.
23:35No, it's antiphony.
23:36The term micropolyphony was coined by which avant-garde composer to describe his use
23:41of dissonant and fragmented melodies to create dense clusters of sounds?
23:46Vibes.
23:46Vibes.
23:47No, that was Ligeti.
23:48Another start of the question.
23:49As of 2025, the largest water lily currently known to science is native to and takes its
23:55name from which South American country...
23:58Edinburgh Richards.
23:59Brazil.
24:00No, I'm afraid you lose five points.
24:01Where it grows in a Janos del Mojos in the Beni department, bordering the Brazilian state
24:06of Rondonia.
24:11Venezuela.
24:11No, it's Bolivia.
24:12Bad luck.
24:12Another start of the question.
24:13With a name deriving from the Norse for Cloven Island, which island off the coast of Pembrokeshire
24:18is a national nature reserve noted for its namesake subspecies of Bank vole, a colony of
24:24Atlantic puffins and hundreds of thousands of Manx shearwaters?
24:29Edinburgh Ishma.
24:31Anglesey.
24:32No.
24:33Merton Duncan.
24:34Lundy Island.
24:35No, it's Skoma.
24:36Another start of the question.
24:37From the Greek name of an oxygen group element, what five-letter word describes an organic
24:42compound containing an alcohol-like group that has sulphur in place of oxygen?
24:46Merton Ong.
24:47Diol.
24:47Can you spell your answer?
24:49T-H-I-O-L.
24:50Yes, correct.
24:51Use your pronounce Diol.
24:52Your bonuses are on some of the creatures from British and Irish folklore as depicted
24:55and named on Royal Mail's 2025 special collection of myths and legends stamps.
25:00In each case, give the name printed on the stamp for the creature described.
25:02First, a type of water demon originating in the folklore of Yorkshire and Lancashire that
25:06lurks in ponds and wells, waiting to grab children who come too near the edge of the
25:10water with its long spindly arms.
25:11Kelpie.
25:12No, it's Grindelow.
25:13Secondly, a spectral hound said to stalk East Anglia.
25:16Writer and naturalist William Duck once wrote of him, his howling makes the hero's blood
25:20run cold.
25:21Grim?
25:21No, that's Black Shuck.
25:22Finally, a shape-shifting creature appearing in both Scottish and Irish folklore that can
25:26transform from a seal into a human and vice versa.
25:29Sulky.
25:29Sulky.
25:30Yes, another start of the question.
25:31Change of what colour may be defined as a copper carbonate mineral, a small dabbling
25:36duck, for example anus cracker, and flowerless spore-bearing plants of the class
25:41Bryopsida.
25:45Blue?
25:45No.
25:47Brown?
25:48No, it's green as in Malachite, Teal and Moss.
25:50Another start of the question.
25:51Name either of the two London boroughs located east of the City of London that is home to
25:57a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
25:58The boroughs in question are contiguous across the River Thames and have names that reflect
26:03the location of these sites.
26:05Edinburgh Richards.
26:06Tower Hamlets in Greenwich.
26:07Yes, I only needed to hear one but you did get both of them right.
26:10Well done.
26:10Your bonus are on Jean-Baptiste Colbert, the French controller general of finances under
26:14Louis XIV.
26:15The set of fiscal policies known broadly as Colbertism are generally synonymous with what
26:20broad economic system that seeks to maximise exports and protect domestic industry against
26:25free trade?
26:27Protectionism?
26:28Protectionism?
26:28You both said that.
26:29Protectionism.
26:30No, this is specifically mercantilism.
26:31Colbert rose to power after exposing which man, finance minister at the time of Louis XIV's
26:36coronation for embezzlement.
26:38Is this like the jacuzzi thing?
26:39No.
26:40No, that's a long one later.
26:42Colbert.
26:44Come on.
26:45Pass.
26:47That's Nicolas Fouquet.
26:48Which fiscal practice did Colbert reputedly describe as, quote,
26:51plucking the goose as to obtain the largest possible amount of feathers with the smallest
26:55possible amount of hissing?
26:57Oh.
26:58Which one?
26:58What does that mean?
26:59Um, fiscal.
27:01So it's extraction.
27:03Something about, like...
27:04Taxation?
27:05Oh.
27:05Like hyper taxation?
27:07Progressive taxation?
27:08Progressive taxation.
27:09Too specific.
27:09I just needed taxation.
27:10Now to start the question.
27:11And at the gong, Merchant of 85 and Edinburgh of 105.
27:20What a stressful game.
27:21Do you know, at the beginning I thought you were competing with each other to get things
27:25wrong and it was a massive wind-up.
27:26But you guys came back so fantastically impressively against such a strong side and I thought you were
27:31going to pull off a near miracle.
27:32Maybe with a heroic answer again from you, Elliot.
27:34But it's not the end of the road.
27:35We get to see you again because you come back.
27:37Edinburgh, you made it very stressful by sort of shutting up for about five minutes at the
27:41end there for no good reason.
27:42I don't know why.
27:42It's like you wanted to excite the viewers at home.
27:44Anyway, well done.
27:45You're through to the semi-finals.
27:46The first of our teams to make it.
27:47We look forward to seeing you then.
27:49I hope you can join us next time too for another quarterfinal match.
27:52But until then, it is goodbye for now from Merton College, Oxford.
27:55Goodbye.
27:56It's goodbye from Edinburgh.
27:58Goodbye.
27:58And it's goodbye from me.
28:00Goodbye.
28:28Goodbye.
28:30Goodbye.
28:30Goodbye.
28:31Goodbye.
28:31Goodbye.
28:31Goodbye.
28:31Goodbye.
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