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00:00the public enemy number one in the united states is drug abuse
00:30the important thing is to be seated alla paura ci sia il coraggio
00:38but still, it's possible to lose my life and I'll lose it if I dovete put it in ginocchio
01:00in this first year of 70 drug consumption takes a new turn ends the illusion of love and peace
01:14o sarebbe solo touch student protester hippie e rock'n'roll star la droghe è entered
01:23in the American middle class and its devastating effects are now making headlines on television news.
01:27In the 1950s, the number of drug addicts was estimated at 50,000; twenty years later, there were 500.
01:45a thousand ten times more, a terrifying explosion explained in large part by the war of
01:54Vietnam, which has been bogged down there for ten years in confronting the terror and violence of
02:13During combat, American soldiers often turn to drugs; among those who return, 15% are addicted.
02:24to heroin
02:25President Richard Nixon then declared war on this epidemic.
02:44This new offensive will be directed against France, according to the government's idea.
03:14The American plan is to conduct joint operations to eliminate the French Connection, that's its nickname.
03:20of the mafia organization which, from Marseille, refines and then exports 80% of the drugs consumed in the United States
03:27675 traffickers have been arrested and just two days ago a very major trafficker was
03:44arrested and a spectacular seizure of morphine base was made, 450 kg; this is a great success which has been
03:53won jointly by both the American police and the French police
03:59From now on, France was no longer safe, Marseille was no longer safe, French legislation was
04:12much more tolerant of narcotics before the phenomenon reached this scale
04:16The tightening of penalties in France is forcing the relocation of refineries elsewhere, and where is that
04:27In Palermo, where the mafia is strongest, it therefore took the police two years of investigation.
04:35to dismantle this network which revolved around Dr. Bousquet, and this case shows that the
04:39Drug trafficking has taken a new turn in recent months; the laboratories are located in Italy.
04:44Under the control of the mafia, we are talking about a time when Sicily had nine refineries that refined 80
04:56kg of heroin per week 9 x 8 72, meaning that almost 1000 kg were produced in Sicily
05:04heroin per week, so it's obvious that all that money gave them enormous power
05:11Thanks to the American market, the Sicilian Mafia was at the height of its power in the mid-1970s.
05:20Gaetano Badalamenti, one of the local Cosa Nostra bosses, becomes the most powerful drug trafficker.
05:27A powerful figure in the world, he has a major advantage: he reigns over the village of Chinisi, which is home to...
05:36Palermo airport is an ideal location for organizing drug trafficking.
05:40Controlling a territory provides them with a certain security, but also impunity.
05:53because they can place their men in key positions and thus make things easier
06:00At airports, people would pass through with suitcases full of 5 or 6 kg of heroin, but the authorities
06:11They said nothing; they were looking for things like weapons, but they looked at drugs as if they were...
06:19But in 1978, a cop named Boris Giuliano, nicknamed "the Sheriff," would sniff out the extent of this...
06:29A new organization formed within the FBI, Giuliano, sets up the first international investigation
06:35Sicilian investigators are beginning to suspect heroin trafficking and its refining in Sicily.
06:56after finding suitcases arriving at Palermo airport
07:03at the airport in Punta Rais
07:05Two suitcases were found, and they contained $500,000 in cash.
07:17doors to one known action which will lead to a joint investigation with the American FBI which
07:24will prove that this money corresponded to the payment for drugs exported from Sicily to the United States
07:30But you don't touch the mafia's treasure.
07:38On July 21, 1979, while drinking his coffee, police officer Boris Giuliano was executed with this bullet in the back.
07:50On the American side, the government is stepping up its fight against crime.
08:13organized drug trafficking and its legislation is enriched by the Rico law which recognizes the offense
08:20of mafia associations and Title III, which authorizes the use of informants and undercover agents
08:27This is a first and a boon for the FBI, and the first and undoubtedly the most infiltrated agent.
08:40The most famous of them was Joe Piston, alias Denny Brasco, who managed to infiltrate the New York mafia.
08:46Being undercover for six years is a real job; you work every day, you are constantly
08:58When you're in danger, you must always be on alert because one slip of the tongue or one wrong word and you're dead.
09:11Every day you have to give your best, every day you can't show that you're afraid
09:29because they're good at detecting lies, so you shouldn't show that you're afraid, but I am
09:38I'm a discreet man, not an emotional person.
09:44Piston manages to infiltrate the Bonano clan, then the most powerful family in New York.
09:51The Bonano family was partly Sicilian, meaning that some of its members had
10:02They were initiated in Sicily and they came to the United States; they were called the Sicilian faction.
10:11they were the biggest drug traffickers in the family
10:17The heroin was transported and distributed to all the pizzerias in New York and the United States along with the tomato sauce or cheese.
10:30These pizzerias then took care of distributing the drugs in their neighborhood.
10:36From refining to distribution, the Sicilians take care of everything, taking all the risks – a godsend for the American mafia.
10:47who even receives a commission from the Italians to allow them to operate on his territory
10:52What I did at the time was identify some of these Sicilians.
11:00Following which, the FBI decided to open a huge drug investigation into these guys.
11:06This is what we called Operation Pizza Connection
11:11The Pizza Connection operation has been implemented.
11:20to try and find out who these two Italians were
11:26who had just arrived in the United States
11:30What were they doing? Who were they?
11:33to whom were they linked, as they were unknown to the local authorities?
11:38And that's when we gradually realized
11:45that there were many others
11:48all linked to these individuals and all recently arrived from Sicily
11:52Carmine Galante was the head of the family at the time.
12:02He had surrounded himself with young Sicilian mafiosi, fresh blood he could count on.
12:10and who would help him take control of the heroin trade
12:17Originally from Sicily, Carmine Galante had maintained ties with her Italian family.
12:27They had embarked on drug trafficking together as early as the 1950s.
12:32The Sicilians, now at the head of the monopoly on the refinement of the gallant heroine, have ambition.
12:41and wants to take control of traffic in New York; to achieve this, he enlists his
12:47Sicilian cousins whom the contemptuous American mafia would nickname "the hips"
12:52speaking with the American mobsters of the Bonano family
13:01It was clear that they did not like the members of the Sicilian faction.
13:07because they found the Sicilians too harsh
13:12that in a way they lacked class and above all they had the feeling that the Sicilians
13:24They were trying to take control of the family, so there wasn't a great love story.
13:30between them, but it was a good marriage because they made fortunes together with drugs.
13:42The Sicilians were becoming more powerful every day.
13:53And all this money and power will create clashes.
13:58Carmine Galante and her Sicilians are overshadowing the New York families who decide to
14:17The unanimous decision was to assassinate him along with his two Sicilian bodyguards, but the death of the crime boss weakens the situation.
14:25the cohesion of the Bonano family and engenders a succession war that will last several
14:30Years fearing for his life, Donnie Brasco had to be exfiltrated by the FBI; he was going to...
14:38to undergo the secret initiation rite of the causa nostra, destined to become the sole inducted agent
14:44An official member of the mafia, the FBI said the operation had to be stopped because of all
14:54These murders, the mobsters had given me two contracts to kill guys and of course I didn't
15:02I couldn't do them, I told my superiors, let me become a member first, because you can imagine
15:11The mafia would have been embarrassed if they had initiated an undercover agent, but they didn't want me to do it.
15:20Unfortunately, his right-hand man, Lefty Ruggiero, will be convicted along with 120 other members of the
15:29Bonano family, his boss Sonny Black Napolitano, with whom he eventually formed a real friendship
15:36He will refuse to act as an informant for the FBI; unsurprisingly, he will be assassinated by the other members.
15:43family member punished for bringing the infiltrator Donnie Brasco into their ranks
15:52He knew he was going to die and he went to his death like a man; it's crazy, but he did it.
16:00Operation Pizza Connection continues; the FBI calls on its Italian colleagues to try
16:15to understand who these illegal Sicilians are who are trafficking in its territory
16:19Sicily is also activating a pool of four magistrates entirely dedicated to the fight against
16:30The mafia was created; it's a revolution on the peninsula. From this new team will emerge
16:38the young judges paolo borsellino and giovanni falcon
16:41Giovanni, who was a very good investigating judge, immediately understood that talking about the mafia
16:52focusing solely on Palermo was a very reductive view, and it was important to expand the...
16:59investigations abroad, particularly in the United States where there were other families
17:05mafia member who undoubtedly played a role in this drug trafficking, we used to not
17:14Never trust investigators from foreign countries, but with Giovanni Falcon and his
17:23The team was different; we immediately felt that we shared the same desire to dismantle the mafia.
17:31So as soon as we met them we cooperated, they immediately shared everything freely.
17:40Their information, and ours too, without this cooperation we would never have understood what it meant
17:49It's really the mafia, because here in the United States, the mafia is just four Italians hanging around on the street corner.
17:59But in Italy it's not the same at all; it's an octopus that insinuates itself everywhere.
18:08The tentacles and the octopus plunge the city of Palermo into terror.
18:17In the spring of 1981, in just three weeks, two of the city's biggest mobsters were
18:34assassinated in the street Stefano Bontate, he is called the prince of Fila Gratia and Salvator
18:41Inzerilo, both involved in heroin trafficking with the American mafia
18:45Francesco Accordino has just been appointed chief homicide inspector.
18:55We immediately wondered what could have happened for a leader of Inzerilo's caliber to be killed.
19:06There is the attack by the Corleone clan against the Palermitan families
19:17Why this war? Because the Palermo mafia didn't share the spoils fairly.
19:25the profits from heroin trafficking
19:28the Corleone clan, named after Corleone, a village located 50 kilometers from Palermo
19:43It has always been one of the most secretive strongholds of the Sicilian mafia.
19:47They are called "bumpkins" to mock their rustic manner and dirty peasant shoes.
19:58The village of Corleone is famous for its deadly fairy tales.
20:02At the head of the Toto Rina clan, whose cruelty would make him infamous, he was nicknamed the Beast.
20:13A petty crook in the 60s, Gaspare Mutolo met Toto Rina who
20:23In mafia jargon, he will be portrayed as a man of honor
20:30I kind of fell in love with Rina because she was the most humble person I knew.
20:38But this humility was also his weapon; you have to look him in the eyes to see all his cruelty.
20:49But with his mouth he could make you believe anything and you believed it.
20:56palermo has sight of four omicidi quattro caduti and sotto i colpi dell'inesorabile guerra di mare
21:19Ignacio and Michele are two ambulance sellers who are assassinated by a squadra
21:24di killer che con due auto blocco il loro furgon era un uomo nel mirino il reiduce di una famiglia
21:30sterminata of the killer mafiosi it was a massacre the Leonese bodies shot
21:39systematically all their opponents, t i loro avversari, all a mafia war that will cause more than a thousand deaths
21:48I think we were scared, yes
22:01I think it's because we saw people disappearing and dying without understanding why or how it happened.
22:13It was possible that all the men who died were from the same clan and that no body
22:18Léonais wasn't affected, that's what happened: betrayals, coups d'état, cowardice, yes.
22:28There was terror; the Palermo godfathers who had ruled Sicily for decades fell
22:37one after the other
22:53Andam Convento in the dry dock I ran from one crime scene to another I only saw a large
23:00Violence, yes, and I also saw a state that, honestly, didn't show a great capacity
23:08reaction
23:09we were alone and without resources
23:30we lived a life of protection
23:43a life lived inside this building, nicknamed the outpost of lost men
23:49because whoever worked here had to lose all hope of life
24:00to live a normal life
24:01Three colleagues from the Innos agreement were thus murdered.
24:13an unbroken chain of murders of elected officials, prefects, journalists, prosecutors, and businesspeople
24:20the city is in a civil war
24:22because the beast Totorina takes down all those, mafia or not, who threaten his empire
24:34It is in this climate of terror that the anti-mafia pool continues its investigations
24:52the magistrates
25:07They live locked in bunkers for their protection, but the isolation is not only
25:11their physical work within Italian institutions is not supported
25:16Only madmen attack the mafia
25:19I told him several times
25:24Giovanni in this building
25:27which was nicknamed the palace of poisons
25:29Your friends can be counted on the fingers of tomorrow
25:33And that's perhaps already a lot.
25:34you can only count on us
25:36Yes, that's right.
25:37years later
25:52a repentant witness will explain to the Italian prosecutor
25:55that Rina had then tried to draw the American mafia into the same murderous strategy
26:00suggesting they attack the state directly
26:04at the top of the list
26:09Prosecutor Louis Free of the Pizza Connection
26:14New York federal prosecutor Rodolphe Giuliani
26:20and of course the undercover agent Joe Piston, aka Donnie Brasco
26:28The Sicilian mafia thought the Americans were too soft.
26:33and that they too had to eliminate all the individuals in charge of the investigations
26:38But the Americans wanted nothing to do with any of that.
26:45The American mafia had always had a tacit agreement with law enforcement.
26:54You shouldn't touch FBI agents or law enforcement officers in New York.
26:58because it would have led to reprisals against them
27:01that wouldn't have paid
27:04Rina's murderous rampage forces the Palermitan mafia to flee Sicily
27:13And most often they will find refuge with their families in the United States.
27:28among them was the only leader to have escaped the massacre, Don Tano Badalamenti
27:43At one point someone raised the issue, but do we really have to kill everyone? So it was
27:49decided that all those who wanted to could leave, the others, those who remained in Palermo, had to die
27:54So all the Inzerillos, the Gambinos, all those who had family in the United States
28:01took shelter there
28:05This agreement stipulated that those who had fled to the United States
28:10to promise never to return to Sicily
28:14in exchange for which their lives would be spared
28:18and this agreement will last for some time
28:22at least from a formal point of view
28:30None of the refugees became prominent figures in the United States.
28:34They were considered swindlers; the Americans wanted nothing to do with the war in Sicily.
28:42On the contrary, they needed the winners.
28:45Because we mustn't forget that they needed the Sicilians for drugs and other trafficking.
28:51They were seen as persona non grata.
28:54Totorina thus takes the lead in drug trafficking to the United States.
29:04It's a coup d'état
29:10But his new empire will soon begin to falter.
29:16One of the forced exiles decided to take revenge.
29:18Tommaso Bouchetta, known as the boss of two worlds, has been arrested in South America.
29:30and he is extradited to Italy
29:35He started collaborating because he realized he no longer had anyone on his side.
29:41that he no longer had any possibility of an alliance
29:43and that he could no longer maintain his status within the organization
29:48but above all because his children, his in-laws, his friends had been exterminated
29:54and all the people who had had contact with him
29:58even simple acquaintances
30:05Bouchetta can no longer identify with Rina's mafia
30:07and decides to reveal all the organization's secrets to Judge Falcon
30:13One of the first things he told her was
30:18You are convinced that its name is mafia
30:21But we don't call it the mafia.
30:23It is called Cosa Nostra
30:25Cosa Nostra, our thing
30:28a parallel society, opposed to society and the state
30:31and in the state
30:33The mafia phenomenon is not the only form of crime.
30:38because the only crime, the police manage it, they fight it well
30:42The mafia phenomenon is something more important
30:46and crime plus intelligence and plus deserving
30:50When Tommaso Bouchetta met Giovanni, he told him
30:57You will become famous, but the encounter with Cosa Nostra
31:01can only end in one way
31:04Are you ready to continue?
31:07and Giovanni replied
31:09Yes, let's go, we can begin.
31:10This is one of Tommaso Bouchetta's revelations
31:14a fragment of these confessions
31:17which yesterday resulted in the issuance of 366 mandates
31:20de catture contre capi et gregari des cosques palermitanes
31:23and the cascade of his confessions to traverse all
31:26provoking an earthquake within the criminal organization
31:29And the Bouchetta earthquake doesn't stop there.
31:32Confessions and arrests allow for the organization of what remains
31:36the biggest trial of the 20th century in Italy
31:38It opens in Palermo, under high security
31:43February 11, 1986
31:46We beat a bunker for the occasion
31:49Media outlets from all over the world made the trip
31:52to see the 475 mobsters locked in cages
31:56the event will be broadcast live
31:59by Italian national television
32:01particularly powerful symbol
32:04the mayor of Palermo joins the civil proceedings
32:08when I first entered the bunker
32:16the enormous courtroom of the maxi-trial
32:19in the cages
32:21Nearly 500 mobsters stared at me, gaping open.
32:24to see the mayor of Palermo, whom they did not know
32:28to demand their conviction
32:29the world had collapsed for them
32:32It was madness
32:34This was confirmation that the state had woken up
32:37we were constantly receiving information from the outside
32:46to assure us that this trial was nothing but a farce
32:48We were told it was very good
32:54because the whole world thought the mafia was behind bars
32:58whereas in fact
32:59Rina was quietly outside
33:02and continued his business
33:06if he fascinates Italy
33:08the stakes of the trial are international
33:10and first American
33:12Max Rabe
33:14the United States ambassador to Rome
33:16is in the courtroom at the start of the trial
33:18and the Pizza Connection investigators
33:21will come to testify
33:25I entered the courtroom for the maxi-trial
33:29I sat down in the witness chair
33:31There were several hundred defendants in cages.
33:36behind bars
33:37who were shouting and screaming while the magistrate was asking me questions
33:43It was one of the most memorable moments of my career.
33:50to testify before so many defendants in a courtroom
33:53Mr. President, I would like to tell you that the impeached Tommaso Bouchetta
34:03who had announced he would appear is at the disposal of the Coast
34:05When Bouchetta entered, a leaden silence reigned.
34:16as a form of respect for a man
34:19who still had, how shall I say, a great capacity for intimidation
34:26Bouchetta is a mafia man apart
34:29He is not a repentant man.
34:30He claims to belong to the old mafia.
34:35opposed to that of the bloodthirsty Totorina
34:38the historic trial will last two years
34:54the court
35:00name is from the Italian people
35:03the prima racist court of Palermo
35:06declared
35:08Senapa Pietro, Senagra Vincenzo, Nato 52, Spadaro Tommaso, Spadaro Vincenzo
35:11Verdict
35:132650 years prison sentence
35:16Taken together, it means 26 centuries of confinement
35:21It instilled in us a great sense of confidence.
35:28and therefore in successive periods
35:32we worked with great energy
35:36a great sense of victory
35:38We could feel victory was very near.
35:44but victory never came
35:48because the mafia, even battered, remains undefeated.
35:58the godfather of godfathers, the bloodthirsty Totorina
36:02Convicted by Count Humas, he is still on the run
36:04In the United States, Bouchetta, the collaborator, never repented
36:23continues his revelations
36:25the former godfather is extradited to New York
36:29where he had been ten years earlier
36:30opened one of its pizzerias
36:33link in the distribution chain of Sicilian heroin
36:38The Americans are asking Bouchetta
36:44to also contribute to American investigations
36:47in exchange for the protection he will enjoy
36:50until the end of his life in the United States
36:52and we're talking about a trafficking operation that reportedly generated one and a half billion dollars
36:54and we're talking about a trafficking operation that reportedly generated one and a half billion dollars
37:09At the start of the trial, Bouchetta remained the key witness
37:14He denounces all his former accomplices, and in particular the main defendant, Tano Badalamenti, the former head of the Sicilian mafia.
37:22His attitude demanded respect; I remember when he was photographed after his arrest.
37:24Bouchetta remains the key witness
37:27He denounces all his former accomplices, and in particular the main defendant, Tano Badalamenti, the former head of the Sicilian mafia.
37:35His attitude demanded respect; I remember when he was photographed after his arrest.
37:50he always kept his chin up
37:55with a very authoritative look
37:58He came to the trial every day.
38:01always sat very straight, never relaxing
38:05and he defended himself all by himself
38:10Even behind bars, Badalamenti continues to play his role as godfather
38:15his arrogance was particularly noticeable when he answered his judges.
38:20by swearing an oath on the Bible
38:24and Badalamenti finally responded
38:27But you don't understand, I have already sworn an oath to a higher authority.
38:31A silence then fell over the room.
38:37Everyone wondered, "But what did he say?"
38:40He is asked to swear an oath before God to tell the truth
38:44and he said that he swore an oath to an authority greater than God
38:48At that time the court took note of this statement
38:53because he was thus admitting that he was a member of the mafia
38:59at the end of the 17-month hearing
39:03Tanou Badalamenti and 17 of the 22 other defendants were sentenced to heavy prison terms.
39:11This is a major blow to heroin trafficking.
39:15the Sicilians lose their monopoly
39:18Unfortunately, other international organizations will take over.
39:21decimated by the Donnie Brasco and Pizza Connection operations
39:37The Bonanno family is excluded from the commission
39:40It is the Gambino family that takes the reins of the Cosa Nostra
39:43headed by John Goethe
39:46He is nicknamed Teflondon
39:49the Teflon boss
39:51a nod to the acquittals he managed to obtain in three different trials
39:56He was very arrogant
39:59He had a lot of charisma.
40:01He had style
40:03he killed his predecessor Paul Castellano
40:05who was the head of the Gambino family
40:07in broad daylight in front of a very popular restaurant in Midtown Manhattan
40:09It was so crazy that people were captivated by John Goethe
40:17He was a handsome guy
40:20Everyone was impressed
40:22and people would gather during these trials
40:25People said he was a great guy
40:28but in fact he did not hesitate to kill
40:31He was a real criminal.
40:32He was a real criminal.
40:36But this arrogance makes John Goethe forget the elementary rule of the underworld
40:41discretion
40:45He can often be seen in his club in Little Italy.
40:48Laura the Night
40:49all members of the mafia, his clan, his family
40:59They all had to come at least once a week to kiss his hand
41:03and report back to him
41:05the FBI installed cameras in the street
41:09and thus photographed the car license plates
41:12They had absolutely no idea who these people were.
41:14but then they would ask their informants who would tell them
41:18Oh, that's the guy who heads the Connecticut clan
41:21Or that's the guy from that area of New Jersey
41:24They were thus able to identify the main members of the Gambino family
41:31and Goethe was deaf in one ear
41:34whereas the mafia used to turn on a radio or TV
41:39when they had conversations to make noise
41:41Goethe himself didn't want it
41:44So the FBI could clearly hear everything
41:47from what Goethe said when he commissioned murders
41:50or when he talked about his income
41:52he provided them with an open book on his activities
41:55an open book on his activities
41:56open book
42:09in 1992
42:11John Goethe was ultimately convicted
42:13leaving a Gambino family annihilated
42:15He made it easy for him and a good number of other mobsters to be arrested.
42:25He did more damage to the organization than anyone else.
42:29even more than any police officer
42:32that's the principle
42:33The mafia may be down
42:35but predicting it's out is premature
42:38go this conviction will now bring a power struggle
42:41and says the FBI more ruthless killers onto the streets of New York
42:46Bill Neely news at 10, Brooklyn
42:47At the same time, the Italian justice system is also scoring points.
42:59The Court of Cassation has just confirmed the verdict in the maxi-trial against the Sicilian mafia.
43:06Sensing the danger, the fugitive Totorina uses the only weapon he knows: blind violence.
43:17On May 13, 1992, Judge Falcon was assassinated along with his entire escort on the road leading back from the airport.
43:37The initial rescue efforts were chaotic. The scene was worthy of Dante's Inferno.
43:47It was a terrible blow to see the body of a colleague and friend you had worked with for so many years in a morgue.
44:05Giovanni only had a small wound on his forehead. He looked calm, but it was terrible.
44:15I couldn't convince myself it was him. I kept thinking it was a lookalike, or that I was living a dream, or rather a nightmare.
44:24Less than two months later, Judge Paolo Borsellino was killed in a bomb explosion in the center of Palermo while visiting his mother.
44:49No, it's absolutely hopeful for this city.
45:07It's all over.
45:09Why is it all over, Dr. Caponetto?
45:13Why is it all over?
45:15A feeling of defeat.
45:32We thought we would never recover.
45:34We thought we would never recover.
45:45The beast has gone too far.
45:54At the funeral of her husband, a bodyguard of Judge Falcon, a woman dares for the first time to address the mafia.
46:01That's because for you, it's a possibility of forgiveness.
46:06I forgive you, but you need to get on your knees.
46:10If you have the courage to change, then don't change.
46:14We ask you for the city of Palermo, which has received too much blood, for peace, justice, hope and love for all.
46:34No, it's love, no, it's love.
46:36It was so violent, so criminal, that it forced the blind to see, the mute to speak, and the deaf to hear.
47:06The funeral turns into a riot.
47:09The population judges its elected officials and the Italian government guilty of decades of inaction.
47:26The politicians are booed and forced to leave the cathedral.
47:30A popular revolt, so powerful, that it will force the State to finally act.
47:44The Italian army lands in Sicily.
47:477000 soldiers are tasked with liberating the island from the mafia.
47:51The state can pretend nothing is wrong, but up to a certain point, faced with Rina's violence, the state was forced to acknowledge that the situation was no longer tenable.
48:08And from there, a real crackdown was put in place, which led to notable results.
48:14In less than six months, Totorina was arrested in the center of Palermo, where he had lived peacefully during his 24 years on the run.
48:27It was unthinkable for us that the leaders could be arrested.
48:38We must not forget that they had been hiding for decades.
48:42And to be able to evade justice for so many years, it is clear that they had accomplices at all levels.
48:49So for us, Rina's arrest meant that maybe something had changed.
48:57Rina recites this role of a simple man, a peasant.
49:27He said so himself.
49:32I am a poor ignorant man, who didn't even go to college, and who doesn't even know how to write.
49:39But it's a role he's playing.
49:42His strength lay in his violence and his management of the organization through terror.
49:49Rina is convicted, receiving multiple life sentences.
49:58Imprisoned under the special regime for mafiosi, he is subjected to isolation and filmed 24 hours a day.
50:04It was Bernardo Provenzano, Rina's right-hand man, who took over in 1993.
50:23And he adopts a new strategy.
50:28The mafia is becoming what it has always been, a silent octopus that insinuates itself everywhere.
50:34Under Provenzano's rule, it was the time of the Pax Mafiosa.
50:46Business takes priority, violence disappears from the streets.
50:58We shouldn't think that suddenly, the season of joy has arrived.
51:04No, the feeling is that of a mafia that is no longer there, but obviously, that's not true.
51:12On the surface, the mafia has changed its script, it has changed its typology.
51:16and strategy above all.
51:19Today, the mafia has become invisible, completely invisible.
51:24The new godfather has a thorny issue to resolve.
51:28What should be done with all the godfathers whom Rina's violence forced into exile in the United States?
51:34Two clans are at odds within the Sicilian mafia.
51:38On one side, Salvatore Lopicolo, leader of Palermo,
51:42who hope that their return will allow them to re-establish trafficking with the American mafia.
51:47On the other side, Antonino Rotolo, close to Rina, fears a wave of revenge and reprisals.
51:55On one side, Lopicolo threatened an internal war if the exiles were not brought back.
52:02On the other hand, Rotolo threatened war if they were allowed to return.
52:09So Provenzano is in the middle.
52:14and he is no longer capable of governing.
52:16And I think it's no coincidence that Provenzano was arrested right after, in 2006.
52:26On April 27, 2006, the big godfather, Provenzano, was arrested in his Corleone countryside.
52:42After 13 years in power, it is an old gentleman, with a cup of chicory and Bibles on the table, who is picked off.
52:50It could be mistaken for a staged event.
53:00After spending several years looking at family photos, identification photos,
53:06computer reconstructions, after having known his brothers and children,
53:10when I saw him in front of me for the first time,
53:13with this expression, with this cross,
53:17I felt like I had always known him.
53:21So I didn't even need to ask him who he was.
53:25because it was obvious that it was him.
53:35The Provenzano era was over.
53:40The Corleonese dynasty's power has just come to an end.
53:49The time for succession has come.
53:52Sicilian exiles in New York see this as a chance to return home.
53:56and resume their place.
54:01Operation Old Bridge will prevent them from ever seeing him again.
54:05On both sides of the Atlantic, the same scenes of arrests in the early morning.
54:1120 people in Sicily in Palermo, 60 in New York,
54:15all linked to the major families of the American mafia.
54:17This joint operation is the largest ever against the Italian-American mafia
54:21since the 1980s.
54:22By targeting New York families,
54:24The police wanted to prevent the return to Sicily.
54:27of mobsters who had taken refuge in the United States in the early 1980s.
54:30The links are historical.
54:52They still exist today.
54:53but they are not as strong as they used to be.
54:56The Cosa Nostra is in trouble today.
55:01It's a weak organization.
55:03especially when compared to 20 years ago.
55:07And so relations with the United States have also decreased significantly.
55:15It's impossible to know today.
55:17What are the real links between the American and Sicilian mafia?
55:21The Cosa Nostra still has its secrets.
55:26However, we can state
55:27that without its close ties to the underworld
55:30of one of the world's greatest powers,
55:33never the small, miserable Mediterranean island
55:35could not have given rise to the most formidable mafia in history.
55:39Subtitling by Radio-Canada
55:53Subtitling by Radio-Canada
56:23Subtitling by Radio-Canada