SISTEMA DE NUMERAÇÃO MAIA - SISTEMAS DE NUMERAÇÃO 6°ANO - AULA 09 - Vídeo Dailymotion

X-Math

Você sabia que os Maias criaram um sistema numérico completamente diferente do que usamos hoje? 🌎  Neste vídeo, vamos conhecer o sistema de numeração maia, um sistema vigesimal (de base 20) desenvolvido por uma das civilizações mais avançadas da América pré-colombiana.   Com apenas três símbolos simples — uma concha (representando o zero), um ponto (para o número 1) e uma barrinha (para o número 5) —, os maias foram capazes de representar qualquer número.  Enquanto nós usamos o sistema decimal de base 10, eles usavam um sistema vigesimal posicional, mostrando uma compreensão matemática impressionante para a época.   Neste vídeo, você vai aprender:   Como funcionava o sistema de numeração maia;   O significado dos símbolos maias (concha, ponto e barra);   A diferença entre o sistema vigesimal e o decimal;   Como os maias usavam os números em seu calendário e astronomia;   E por que esse sistema é considerado um dos mais engenhosos da história da matemática.   📚 Uma aula fascinante para quem ama história da matemática, civilizações antigas e quer entender como diferentes povos representavam os números!

Transcript

00:00Did you know that people who lived in Mexico and Guatemala developed a very advanced form of mathematics?

00:15Ingenious? Well then, follow along with this lesson as we get to know these people.

00:23In Central America and parts of North America, the Aztecs and the Mayans lived long before Christopher Columbus arrived in the new continent.

00:39Around the year 500 AD, they used a base-20 numbering system. This means they grouped quantities in tens.

00:52Numbers were represented by a combination of dots and dashes, as we will now show in this image.

01:01Notice in this image that we have the number 0, which is represented by an eye.

01:06The number 1 is one point, the number 2 is two points, the number 3 is three points, and the number 4 is four points.

01:15The number 5, however, is represented by a dash.

01:18So, if we now have the number 5 represented by a dash, then to represent 6, we add 1 plus 5.

01:27So, a dash plus a dot represents the number 6, as you can see in the image.

01:33And so it goes on, one after another.

01:36The 7 is a line with two dots, then there's the 8, the 9.

01:40For example, 10 is 5 plus 5, so we put two dashes.

01:46And now let's jump to number 19, for example.

01:49In the number 19, we have three dashes and four dots, which represents the number 19.

01:55By the number 20, we already have an eye with a dot.

01:59And so, the Maya represented their numbers.

02:02One of the most important creations of the Maya was the use of the eye-like symbol, as you can see in the image, to represent zero.

02:16Now let's look at how the Maya represented, for example, the numbers 151 and 260.

02:24They represented it that way.

02:26Now let's understand the mathematics behind this.

02:29To better understand how they represented it, and we've already seen that they group them in tens.

02:38So let's take 151 and divide it by 20.

02:42Thus we will have the quotient and we will have the remainder.

02:45And we'll also take the 260 and do the same thing.

02:50Therefore, we have 151 divided by 20.

02:54In other words, we have a quotient of 7 and a remainder of 11.

02:58Because 151 divided by 20 equals 7 with a remainder of 11.

03:04So what do we have?

03:057 times 20 plus 11 equals 151.

03:10Therefore, it is represented in this way.

03:14The number 151.

03:18Now we're going to number 260.

03:21So here we have 260 divided by 20.

03:26Therefore, we have a quotient of 13 and a remainder of 0.

03:30Why?

03:31Because 13 times 20 plus 0 equals 260.

03:37Below you can see how the number 260 is represented in the Mayan numbering system.

03:45So, everyone, this lesson is going to end here.

03:51And I ask that you subscribe to the channel, leave your like, and share our videos.

03:57Until next time!

03:58Transcription and subtitles by Dear Child of God.

04:02Transcription and subtitles by Dear Child of God.

SISTEMA DE NUMERAÇÃO MAIA - SISTEMAS DE NUMERAÇÃO 6°ANO - AULA 09

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