SISTEMA DE NUMERAÇÃO ROMANO - SISTEMAS DE NUMERAÇÃO 6°ANO - AULA 10 - Vídeo Dailymotion

X-Math

Você sabia que os algarismos romanos foram criados há mais de dois mil anos e ainda são usados até hoje? 🏛️  O sistema de numeração romana, desenvolvido na Roma Antiga, foi amplamente utilizado em todo o Império Romano e permanece presente em relógios, monumentos, capítulos de livros e filmes.   Este sistema é composto por sete letras maiúsculas do alfabeto latino:  I (1), V (5), X (10), L (50), C (100), D (500) e M (1000).   Para representar outros números, os romanos combinavam essas letras seguindo regras específicas:   Algarismos de menor ou igual valor à direita são somados ao de maior valor;   Algarismos de menor valor à esquerda são subtraídos;   Nenhum algarismo pode ser repetido mais de três vezes seguidas.   🔍 Exemplos:   XI = 10 + 1 = 11   XC = 100 - 10 = 90   CCC = 300, mas CD = 400   📚 Nesta aula, você vai aprender:   Como surgiu o sistema de numeração romana;   As regras de formação dos números;   Exemplos práticos e curiosidades;   E por que esse sistema foi tão importante na história da matemática.   🎓 Ideal para estudantes do ensino fundamental, historiadores curiosos e amantes da matemática antiga.

Transcript

00:00The Colosseum is an amphitheater built during Ancient Rome and is a historical landmark.

00:12The city of Rome, now the capital of Italy, was the seat of a great empire.

00:19which extended from Europe, Asia and Africa.

00:24And if you're watching this video and thinking it's a history lesson about Rome,

00:30You are mistaken, because here we will be talking about the Roman numeral system.

00:37which is also, in a way, a history lesson about Rome,

00:41but from the perspective of the number system, addressing a mathematical concept.

00:47So, you can subscribe to the channel, leave a like, and share our videos.

00:53and not miss any classes here on the channel.

00:56During this empire, under the influence of Greek culture,

01:01The Romans developed a numbering system that is still used today to indicate, for example,

01:08book chapters, centuries, titles of kings and popes, and other things.

01:15This system uses seven well-known symbols: I, V, X, L, C, D, and M.

01:28As you can see, let's take a look at this chart and see the correspondence relationship.

01:35between the Roman and Indo-Arabic numeral systems.

01:39At first glance, Roman numeral symbols appear to have been inspired by capital letters of the Latin alphabet.

01:52But the symbols we know today do not represent their initial forms.

01:57which had nothing to do with the letters of the alphabet.

02:01For example, observe.

02:05The number 1 was represented by a raised finger.

02:09The number 2 was represented by two raised fingers.

02:13The number 3 is represented by three raised fingers.

02:17The four by four fingers.

02:19The 5 for a full hand.

02:22The drawing of the fingers began to be done with separate lines.

02:25The drawing of the complete hand, which represented the number 5, was simplified.

02:31And it resembled the shape of the letter V.

02:35For example, 10 is equal to 5 plus 5.

02:39It was represented by two hands.

02:43One facing upwards and the other facing downwards.

02:47In other words, observe.

02:49It ended up looking like the letter X.

02:51Let's look at the chart I'm about to show you to see how to write numbers in Roman numerals.

03:03Number 1 is I.

03:06The number 2 is the two I's.

03:09The number 3 is 3 I.

03:11Now look at number 4.

03:12We have the letter V, which is the 5, and we have the letter I before the V.

03:17In other words, it's as if you were subtracting 1 from 5, which equals 4.

03:23As you can see, the 5 is V itself.

03:27As we saw earlier.

03:296 would be 5 plus 1.

03:31So what do we have then?

03:32The V plus the I.

03:34For the number 7, we have V plus 2 I's.

03:38The 8, the V plus 3 I.

03:41Number 9, how do we do it?

03:43Use 10 minus 1.

03:46In other words, the I comes before the X.

03:48So, we have the number 9.

03:5010 minus 1 equals 9.

03:53And 10 is the number X.

03:55And so, notice that this logic will apply to the other numbers as well.

04:01As you can see, for example, here, the number 60.

04:06Here we have L, which is 50.

04:09And here we have L plus X, which would be 50 plus 10.

04:14Therefore, it equals 60.

04:17As you can also see, 90.

04:19We have the letter C, which represents 100.

04:22And X, the 10.

04:23Since the X comes before the letter C, it becomes 100 minus 10.

04:28The number 90 is represented by this number.

04:32And this also happens with the other numbers.

04:34As you can see here at 900.

04:36We have M minus C, which is 1000 minus 100, equals 900.

04:42And since we have 400 here now, which is D, and D is 500.

04:48And C, which is 100.

04:51So, 500 minus 100 equals 400.

04:54And before we finish this lesson, I'm going to put here 3 challenges written in the Roman numeral system.

05:05And I want you to go to the comments and tell me what these numbers are that I put here in the challenge.

05:11To see if you understood the logic of the Roman numeral system.

05:15Okay guys, this lesson is going to end here.

05:19So I ask that you subscribe to the channel, leave your like, activate the bell and share our videos.

05:25Until next time.

05:27Here's the challenge.

05:27And there

05:40And there

05:41And there

05:42And there

05:43And there

SISTEMA DE NUMERAÇÃO ROMANO - SISTEMAS DE NUMERAÇÃO 6°ANO - AULA 10

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